KR100481877B1 - Auto transmission for no change of automobiles - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a continuously variable automatic transmission of an automobile, and the conventional torque converter has a large friction loss due to fluid, so that the power transmission efficiency is reduced, and in particular, the blade area of the pump is fixed so that the flow rate is changed only at the rotational speed. There are many problems, such as the increase in torque is very limited, so it must be used in conjunction with an additional transmission.

Accordingly, when the torque converter 100 is configured by the pump impeller 120, the stator 130, and the turbine runner 140, the turbine runner 140 and one side of the turbine runner 140 having the curved blade 141 of the " The curved portion 111 is formed toward the center and the other side is more efficient by securing a circulation passage with less frictional resistance of the entire fluid by the converter case of the inclined surface 112, and the auxiliary wing (at the end of the main blade 121) The shape and size of the pump impeller 120 is appropriately changed according to the driving load by the double wing structure in which 122 is a centrifugal force and the rubber cap 123 having good elasticity, thereby accommodating a wide range of torque changes without additional transmission. The speed of 30-40 km / h, which is the most widely used area, allows the engine to be directly connected to the engine regardless of fluid motion, thereby providing shifting time and high power transmission efficiency to meet the needs of the driver at all times.

Description

Continuous transmission of automobiles {Auto transmission for no change of automobiles}

The present invention relates to a continuously variable automatic transmission of an automobile, and particularly when the initial start and a large driving force (acceleration) are required while minimizing the loss due to fluid friction of the torque converter, the stepless speed shift is made to increase torque, and elasticity is achieved. It is to provide a continuously variable automatic transmission of a vehicle that can be used regardless of the type of vehicle within a wide range from light to high load, such as continuously shifting in a direct connection state regardless of the fluid movement within the range of a certain area to drive.

In general, the vehicle transmission is installed between the clutch and the propulsion shaft, or the clutch and the gear reduction gear to transmit the engine power to the driving wheel by changing the torque and speed to suit the driving condition of the vehicle. The automatic transmission which selects the optimum gear automatically according to the set speed and the degree of stepping on the accelerator pedal has a continuously variable transmission that changes the reduction ratio steplessly by varying the width of both pulleys.

By the way, the torque converter operating path used in the existing automatic transmission has a large fluid contact area because the blades of the pump passing through the turbine are installed separately, and in particular, the blade area of the pump is fixed. Since the change of the flow control is inevitably limited, the limit of the torque increase is quite limited.

Then, in order to switch the flow path of the fluid passing through the turbine in the direction opposite to the rotation of the blade inlet of the pump, the blade shape of the stator is turned to almost 180 °, and the loss due to the shape friction and the unit area are installed inside the pump and the turbine. With this small relationship, the passing flow rate is high, and the frictional loss due to the flow rate (fluid resistance = flow rate ㎨ directly proportional to the flow rate) is so large that the power transmission efficiency is deteriorated.

In addition, by setting the transmission to the torque increase limit (about 2: 1), there is a decrease in ride comfort due to frequent shift shocks, and it is more expensive than the engine, the difficulty of development, the complexity of the machine and the integration of the electronic device (TCM) There is a problem that maintenance is not possible without the maintenance technology, but the efficiency is also very bad, such as 10-30% higher fuel economy than the manual transmission (M / T).

Accordingly, the present invention has been invented to solve the problems of the conventional automatic transmission as described above, and an object of the present invention is to minimize the frictional fluid loss of the torque converter and thus require a large driving force at the initial start. Continuously shifted to the increase is always performed, combined with a direct connection regardless of the fluid movement at a constant speed (when the difference in torque level between the engine and the output shaft is small), so that it can be used in a wide range of areas from light to high load To provide a continuously variable automatic transmission.

Hereinafter will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, a preferred embodiment for the technical configuration and action that can effectively achieve the object of the present invention.

1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating main parts of the torque converter according to the present invention, wherein the torque converter 100 is provided on the first spindle 210 to power the engine in the configuration of the present invention. When it is transmitted to the 211, the opposite longitudinal reduction gear 221 meshed with the driver gear 211 is rotated to transfer power to the axle shaft through the differential gear connected to the second spindle 220 is the same as the conventional can do.

Torque converter 100 of the present invention is fixed on the first spindle (210) and the pump impeller 120 for pumping oil while rotating; A stator (130) for inducing and guiding a flow of oil pumped from the pump impeller (120); It is composed of a turbine runner 140 to obtain a rotational force by the oil guided by the stator 130, the upper and lower converter case (110a, 110b) is one side is formed of a curved portion 111 rounded toward the center and the other side It is formed with the inclined surface 112 of the ordinary light lower narrow.

The pump impeller 120 installed inside the torque converter 100 is integrally rotated with the converter cases 110a and 110b and has a reverse vane centrifugal pump structure that is rotated at the same speed as the engine speed. Side centrifugal pressure is generated along the inclined surface 112 of the case (110b), and as shown in Figure 2 in a double wing structure so that the auxiliary wing 122 inside and outside the end of the main wing 121 to the outside material by centrifugal force It is formed, and the rubber cap 123 having good elasticity supports the outer surface thereof to maintain the pump shape according to the volume change.

In addition, the first spindle 210 protruding from the inner side of the torque converter 100 to the opposite side is elongated in the form of a hollow pipe shaft, and is fixed to the outer case while the operating rod 150 is disposed in the longitudinal direction. The pump impeller 120 is assembled, and a portion where the pump impeller 120 is assembled is formed of a spline 213 having a long hole 212 formed at both sides thereof, and a pump impeller 120 connected to one end of the operating rod 150 is formed in the long hole 212. It is made of moving materials.

The stator 130 is rotatably installed between the pump impeller 120 and the turbine runner 140 in the first spindle 210 by the one-way clutch 135 and is supplied to the pump impeller 120. While the rotational speed of the turbine is increased while changing the flow direction of the fluid, the streamlined blade 131 is circularly installed on one side as shown in FIG. 3 so that the rotation of the fluid occurs in the same direction. Is fixed to the converter case.

The turbine runner 140 has a curved shape like the upper case 110a and is installed at an inner surface of the upper case 110a at predetermined intervals to form a flow passage 114a therebetween. It is installed on the output shaft 160 to be rotated in one direction by the one-way clutch 145 in the output shaft 160, which is fitted to the outside of the stator 130, the curved surface of the "<" type as shown in Figs. Shaped to have a wing 141 having. At this time, when the outflow angle of the stator 130 and the outflow curved surface of the turbine runner 140 are close to 180 °, the energy recovery rate of the turbine can be increased, which is preferable.

The bellows type expansion guides 132 and 133 are integrally installed on the bottom surface of the stator 130, and the expansion guides 132 and 133 have a pump impeller 120 from the stator 130. It operates in conjunction with moving away or close to serve to isolate the fluid flow to the inlet and outlet side of the pump impeller 120.

In the main walls of the converter cases 110a and 110b of the torque converter 100, flow paths 114a through the central oil hole 113 are formed, respectively, but the flow paths 114b of the lower converter case 110b are pump impellers. In order to give the same pressure to the bottom of the rubber cap 123 supporting the 120, the oil circulation is performed.

The oil circulation pump 400 is installed between the hub portion in which the one-way clutch 135 of the stator 130 is installed and the output shaft 160 for the oil circulation, but the oil circulation pump 400 is driven by the converter pump shaft. It is fixed to the hub of the stator 130.

In addition, a through hole 411 is formed in one side of the hub of the turbine runner 140, and then opened and closed by a valve 410 shot by a spring 413, and a stator positioned below the valve 410. The pin 412 is installed at the hub of the 130 so that the pin 412 pushes the valve 410 to block the through hole 411 only when the distance between the turbine runner 140 and the stator 130 is close.

Here, when the engine rotates, the flow path between the output shaft 160 and the first spindle 210 flows into the pump inlet, and the flow path between the operating rod 150 and the first spindle 210 flows out of the pump to store the reservoir tank ( After the oil in 170 is cooled in the cooling unit 173, the oil flows into the torque converter 100.

In addition, the internal gear 310 of the planetary gear device 300 is integrally formed by the spline shaft 161 on the output shaft 160 protruding to the outside of the torque converter 100 while being fitted outside the first spindle 210. It is installed to rotate, and the output shaft 160, the first boss 322 integral with the planetary gear support plate 321 is raised to install the overdrive and reverse drum 323 controlled by the pad 324.

In addition, after the second boss 331 integral with the sun gear 330 is erected outside the first boss 322, a coupling fixed to the torque converter 100 and the support bar 332 to the outside of the first boss 322. The bottom surface of the 333 is coupled to the support plate 321 of the planetary gear 320, and the upper surface of the coupling 333 is driven by driving means 340 such as a lever along the spline 334 of the second boss 331. The coupler 335 to be moved is engaged.

Then, the guide shaft 162 is formed on both sides of the output shaft 160 protruding to the outside of the coupler 335, and then the lifting hole 180 coupled with the end of the operating rod 150 is spring-loaded with the spring 183. Inserted so as to move in, the one end of the lever 181 is rotated around the hinge 180 at both ends of the hatch 180, and the other side of the lever 181 is installed on the other end of the weight body 182 to the output side speed is When increased and centrifugal force is applied, both levers 181 are configured to unfold.

The support 184 supporting the spring 183 is moved by the cam lever 185 rotating eccentrically as the cable 186 linked with the accelerator pedal is pulled to control the tension of the spring 183. The pressure of the hydraulic control valve 190 is installed at the point where the hatch 180 is raised as much as possible, and the turbine runner 140 and the case are integrally rotated.

In the present invention formed as described above, as shown in FIG. 1, the pump impeller 120 is separated from the stator 130, and the lever 181 on which the weight bodies 182 on both sides of the hatch 180, which is shot by the spring 183, is suspended. When the engine is driven in the folded state, the torque converter 100 and the pump impeller 120 therein are integrally rotated by the power, and the torque converter 100 inside the bellows type expansion and contraction of the bottom of the stator 130. The guides 132 and 133 are fully extended to isolate the inlet and outlet sides of the pump impeller 120 when the turbine is stopped.

In this state, when the pump impeller 120 is rotated, the inlet oil of the torque converter 100 is pumped to the front of the blade of the stator 130 located at the outlet side, so that the stator 130 tries to rotate in the reverse direction. ) Is fixed without being rotated in the reverse direction by the one-way clutch 135 is a torque conversion is supplied to the turbine runner 140 by converting the flow of oil pumped by the streamline blade (131).

At this time, the turbine runner 140 installed at the output side has a curved surface of the " " shape near the exit angle of the stator 130 at 180 ° with the outflow curved surface of the blade 141, so that the energy recovery rate of the turbine is high, and the fluid is curved. The impingement of the blade 141 rotates in the same direction as the pump impeller 120 as the flow energy of the fluid is converted into work energy.

In addition, the oil pumped by the pump impeller 120 and passed through the blade 131 of the stator 130 and the blade 141 of the turbine runner 140 as described above is curved toward the first main shaft 210 of the center. Guided to the converter case (110a) to form a circulating in the central axial direction and then circulated back to the inlet side of the pump impeller 120 to secure a flow path that is pumped can significantly reduce the frictional resistance of the fluid.

In addition, when the stator 130 is initially started and the speed difference between the pump and the turbine is large, the pump impeller 120 may be rotated without being rotated by the one-way clutch 135 as described above even if the fluid strikes the wing 131. Switching only the flow direction of the fluid supplied to the rotational speed of the turbine runner 140 is increased in the same direction only when the force of the fluid is generated while performing the function of the fluid coupling as it is.

When the first spindle 210 and the output shaft 160 are rotated, the sun gear 330 of the planetary gear device 300 mounted at the upper end of the planetary gear device 300 is separated from the coupling 333 by the coupler 335. In the idle state without transmission, only the planetary gear 320 and the inner gear 310 are rotated together, and the hatch 180 on the upper end of the output shaft 160 that receives the power is rotated together with the lever. (181) Since the rotational centrifugal force acts slowly on the weight body 182 suspended at the end, only a slight movement is performed.

However, as the rotation of the output shaft 160 is gradually accelerated and the rotational centrifugal force is applied to the weight body 182 of the lever 181, the weight body 182 is extended to both sides and rotates the other end of the lever 181. Accordingly, the hatch 180 is moved in the direction of the cam lever 185 while compressing the spring 183, and the operating rod 150 is pulled by the hatch 180 moved as described above.

Therefore, when the weight body 182 of the lever 181 is fully extended to both sides, the operating rod 150 is completely pulled along the hatch 180 which is moved as much as possible, so that the pump impeller 120 rotates at the lower end of the operating rod 150. Is raised as much as possible to be in the state close to the stator 130 and at the same time the rubber cap 123 is contracted as the pump impeller 120 is raised to support the bottom of the pump impeller 120, the bellows type expansion guide 132 and 133 are in a state of being in close contact with the stator 130 while being folded.

When the pump impeller 120 is raised, the auxiliary blade 122 is pulled outward from the main blade 121 as shown in FIG. 6 by the centrifugal force along the gradually inclined surface 112 of the converter case 110b. Since the pumping amount is remarkably increased by the required oil output of the engine, the rotational speed of the turbine runner 140 which receives the pumping amount through the stator 130 is also relatively increased.

In addition, as described above, when the rotation speed of the turbine runner 140 increases, the force of the fluid is generated, and when the force of the fluid increases, the force acts on the back of the blade of the stator 130 while the stator 130 rotates along with the unit. As it starts to rotate, its rotational speed gradually increases and then almost equals.

In such a state, the hatch 180 closes the oil control valve 410 while pulling the operating rod 150 to the maximum by the lever 181 in which the weight body 182 is extended to both sides as much as possible, and the turbine runner 140 outputs the soup. When moving slightly from the line and close to the case wall, it prevents oil circulation and as the pressure acts in the converter, it is directly connected to one body without impact, thus reducing the loss due to fluid friction and slip, and changing to high speed / low torque This makes the design smoother and allows the design and reflection of overdrive, neutral and reverse gear relatively simply.

On the contrary, if the output side speed decreases, the lever is folded and the oil valve is returned to release the pressure in the converter to separate from the case.

In addition, according to the present invention, when the pump impeller 120 rises and the volume inside the torque converter 100 decreases, the fluid inside the fluid flows through the oil hole 113 in the center of the inner circumferential wall of the converter cases 110a and 100b. The lower flow passage 114a flows into the chamber of the bottom of the rubber cap 123 to support the bottom of the rubber cap 123, and on the contrary, when the pump impeller 120 descends and the volume inside the torque converter 100 increases, the rubber cap ( 123 The fluids in the chamber on the bottom flow into the torque converter 100 through the flow passage 114a and the oil hole 113.

In addition, the present invention, when a large driving force is required for the initial start and rapid acceleration, if you step on the accelerator pedal deeply, the cable 186 rotates the cam lever 185 to push the support 184 as much as the stepping. Accordingly, the tension of the spring 183 is kept stronger, which is immediately released in the direct connection state is converted to the torque increase subtracted from the default value as much as the accelerator pedal amount.

Therefore, according to the present invention, the change of the tension of the governor spring 183 can have various shift programs and a wide range of power transmission performance at all times from the light vehicle to the large vehicle. It is selected in the direct drive or overdrive state, and when the initial start or a large driving force is required, it is immediately released from the direct drive state and the switch to torque increase is performed quickly.

As described above, according to the present invention, the frictional resistance of the fluid, which is a large obstacle to the overall efficiency, can be remarkably reduced by securing a flow path for circulating the entire fluid by the blade shape of the turbine runner and the rounded case toward the center. It is semi-permanent because it has little vibration and operates contactlessly like conventional torque converters.

And, due to the double wing structure and good elastic rubber cap, the shape and size of the pump impeller can be changed according to the driving load, so that all torque changes regardless of the fluid movement at the speed of 30 ~ 40km / h, which is the most widely used area. It can accommodate the driver's needs at all times to provide the shifting time and quiet ride comfort, it is a very useful invention that is easy to manufacture and low production cost because it does not depend on complicated electronic devices.

1 is a cross-sectional view of main parts illustrating the overall configuration of the present invention as an example;

Figure 2a is a perspective view illustrating a turbine runner installed in the torque converter of the present invention

Figure 2b is a perspective view illustrating a stator installed in the torque converter of the present invention

Figure 2c is a perspective view illustrating a pump impeller installed in the torque converter of the present invention

3 is a schematic view for showing the fluid flow state of the pump impeller and the stator and turbine runner of FIG.

Figure 4a is a perspective view showing the coupling state of the operating rod and the main shaft, the output shaft of the present invention and the planetary gear device installation state

4B is a cross-sectional view of the main portion of FIG. 4A;

Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which the double blade of the pump impeller is variable in the present invention

6 is an enlarged view of the torque converter in FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is an operation state diagram of the governor lever in which the planetary gear device and the weight body are suspended in FIG. 5; FIG.

Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings

100: torque converter 110a, 110b: converter case

111: curved portion 112: inclined surface

114a: Euro 120: pump impeller

121: main wing 122: auxiliary wing

123: rubber cap 130: stator

140: turbine runner 150: operating rod

160: output shaft 171,172: first and second flow path

180: hatch 181: lever

182: weight 185: cam lever

210: first spindle 300: planetary gear device

320: planetary gear 321: support plate

330: sun gear 333: coupling

Claims (1)

A torque converter that outputs the changed torque to the output shaft 160 when the engine power is transmitted, and the upper converter case 110a in the direction of the output shaft 160 is formed as a curved portion 111 rounded toward the center; The internal gear 310 is integrally rotated on the output shaft 160 of the torque converter, and the pad 324 is disposed on the upper end of the first boss 322 integrated with the planetary gear support plate 321 to the outside of the output shaft 160. The overdrive drum 323 is controlled by the control panel, and the coupling 333 engaged with the planetary gear support plate 321 is installed on the second boss 331 integrated with the sun gear 330. The planetary gear device 300 is a coupler 335 which is operated by a driving means such as a solenoid is engaged. A first spindle 210 which transmits torque to the driver gear 211 through a planetary gear device 300 installed on the output shaft 160 of the torque converter; A second spindle 220 which transmits power transmitted through the longitudinal reduction gear 221 engaged with the driver gear 211 of the first spindle 210 to the axle side through the differential gear; In configuring a continuously variable transmission of the car, A torque converter 100 having a lower converter case 110b formed as an inclined surface 112 of a light-receiving narrow, and having an oil passage 114a formed therein to communicate with each oil hole 113 and a bottom of the rubber cap 123; It is installed on one side of the torque converter 100, the auxiliary wing 122 is formed in a double wing structure inside and outside the end of the main wing 121 by centrifugal force, the outer surface is the rubber cap 123 A pump impeller 120 which is supported to maintain a pump shape according to a volume change; A first spindle 210 inserted into the operating rod 150 in a pipe shape, the pump impeller 120 being connected to the operating rod 150 so as to be movable through both long holes 212; A stator 130 that is rotated to one side by a one-way clutch 135 between the pump impeller 120 and the turbine runner 140 and has a circular streamlined blade 131 on one side to switch the flow of the fluid; A turbine runner 140 installed at an output side of the stator 130 at an output shaft 160 outside the first spindle 210 and having a curved blade 141 having a " Bellows-type expansion guides (132) (133) installed on the bottom of the stator (130) to isolate the flow of fluid at the inlet and outlet of the pump impeller (120); A first formed between the operating rod 150 and the first spindle 210 and between the output shaft 160 and the first spindle 210 to circulate oil to the torque converter 100 and the reservoir tank 170 Two euros 171 and 172; An oil circulation pump 400 installed between the hub of the stator 130 and the output shaft 160 for oil circulation and driven by the converter pump shaft; A valve 410 for opening and closing a through hole 411 formed inside one side of the hub of the turbine runner 140 and a pin 412 installed at the hub of the stator 130 to operate the valve 410; The guide hole 162 at the upper end of the output shaft 160 is provided with a hatch 180 which is moved to the spring 183 in the state coupled with the end of the operating rod 150, one end is fitted to both ends of the hatch 180. A lever 181 rotatably installed around the pin and having a weight 182 installed at the other end thereof, the lever 181 being variable in position according to the centrifugal force; A cam lever 185 that adjusts the spring 183 tension of the hatch 180 while being rotated by the cable 186 interlocked with the accelerator pedal; A hydraulic control valve sensing a position of the hatch 180 to apply a power source to the driving means of the coupler 335; Stepless automatic transmission of the vehicle, characterized in that consisting of.