KR100475979B1 - Non-ionic Surfactant with Good Transparency and Anti-static Property and Method of Preparing the Same - Google Patents

Abstract

The nonionic surfactants of the present invention react alpha-olefin epoxide and hydride by reacting alpha-olefin epoxide having 10 to 18 carbon atoms with hydroxy alkyl amine at 80 to 100 ° C without a catalyst. It is characterized by containing 85% or more of the 1: 1 reactant of oxyalkylamine.

Description

Non-ionic Surfactant with Good Antistatic and Transparency and Its Manufacturing Method {Non-ionic Surfactant with Good Transparency and Anti-static Property and Method of Preparing the Same}

Field of invention

The present invention relates to a nonionic surfactant having excellent antistatic performance and transparency. More specifically, the present invention relates to a novel nonionic surfactant excellent in antistatic property and transparency, useful as a plastic additive requiring both chargeability and transparency at the same time, and a method of manufacturing the same.

Background of the Invention

In general, plastic is used as an excellent insulation for electrical products because of its high surface electrical resistance, but due to this property, the surface of the plastic causes electrostatic phenomena and static electricity to cause adsorption of dust, resulting in deterioration of the value of the product and fire caused by sparks of static electricity. It can also cause an explosion.

Therefore, in order to solve this problem, a hydrophilic and lipophilic surfactant is added to the plastic. Surfactants with suitable compatibility are known to move to the plastic surface and the hydrophilic portion of the surfactant moved to the surface absorbs water to form a conductive plastic surface and discharge charged charges into the air to lower the electrical resistance.

Nonionic, anionic and cationic are widely used as such surfactants. In the case of ionic (anionic and cationic) surfactants, the antistatic performance is excellent, but it has the disadvantage of impairing the transparency due to the difference in refractive index when plastic is added.In the case of nonionic surfactants, the antistatic performance is lower than that of the ionic, It is widely used because of harmlessness to human body. As the nonionic surfactant, an ethoxylate alkyl amine obtained by adding ethylene oxide to a glycerin ester, a sorbitan ester, or an alkylamine synthesized by an ester reaction of a fatty acid and a polyhydric alcohol is used.

Accordingly, the present inventors have studied the above phenomena, and as a result, it is possible to prepare a new surfactant by controlling the lipophilic group and the hydrophilic group of the nonionic surfactant, and have excellent antistatic performance and transparency when applied as an antistatic agent for plastics. It was found that the present invention could be completed.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a nonionic surfactant which can be used as an additive in plastic compositions which require antistatic and antistatic and transparency at the same time.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a nonionic surfactant which can be used as an additive in a plastic composition which requires antistatic property and antistatic property and transparency at the same time.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide a plastic composition in which a nonionic surfactant is added to require antistatic property and antistatic property and transparency at the same time.

The above and other objects of the present invention can all be achieved by the present invention described below.

Summary of the Invention

The nonionic surfactants of the present invention react alpha-olefin epoxide and hydride by reacting alpha-olefin epoxide having 10 to 18 carbon atoms with hydroxy alkyl amine at 80 to 100 ° C without a catalyst. It is characterized by containing 85% or more of the 1: 1 reactant of oxyalkylamine. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

Detailed Description of the Invention

The nonionic surfactant of the present invention reacts alpha-olefin epoxides having 10 to 18 carbon atoms with hydroxy alkyl amines at 80 to 100 ° C without a catalyst. In the nonionic surfactant prepared in the present invention, it is preferable to adjust the content of the 1: 1 reactant of the alpha olefin epoxide and the hydroxy alkylamine to 85% or more. This is because, when mixed with the composition, the surfactant may move a lot to the plastic surface to improve the antistatic performance.

As the alpha olefin epoxide used in the present invention, decyl epoxide, dodecyl epoxide, tetradecyl epoxide, hexadecyl epoxide, and octadecyl epoxide of 10 to 18 carbon atoms are used, and the epoxide content is used. 95% or more is preferable. The carbon number of the alpha olefin epoxide is more preferably 12 to 14, and the alpha olefin epoxide imparts lipophilic properties to the surfactant.

The hydroxy alkylamines used to impart a hydrophilic group are monoethanolamine having one hydroxyl group and diethanolamine having two hydroxyl groups.

According to the present invention, the reaction temperature of the alpha olefin epoxide and hydroxy alkylamine is preferably 70 to 110 ° C., but the reaction rate is considerably slower at 70 ° C. or lower, and at 110 ° C. or higher, the alpha olefin epoxide and hydride increase with increasing reaction activity. The 2: 1 reactant of oxyalkylamine is increased. Therefore, more preferable reaction temperature is 80-100 degreeC.

 The molecular structure of the 1: 1 reactant of alphaolefin epoxide and hydroxy alkylamine, which is a nonionic surfactant prepared in the present invention, is as follows:

R-CH (OH) -CH ₂ -NH (CH ₂ CH ₂ OH)

R is a C10-18 hydrocarbon.

The nonionic surfactant of the present invention preferably contains at least 85% of the 1: 1 reactant of the alpha olefin epoxide and the hydroxy alkylamine, and the higher the content of the 1: 1 reactant is, the more mixed into the resin composition. This is because the surfactant may move to the plastic surface a lot to improve the antistatic performance.

0.1 to 5 parts by weight of the surfactant of the present invention in 100 parts by weight of polystyrene resin (GPPS), high impact polystyrene resin (HIPS), ABS resin, polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), more preferably 0.5 to 2 By mixing the parts by weight to prepare a plastic composition that requires antistatic properties and antistatic properties and transparency at the same time.

The invention can be better understood by the following examples, which are intended for the purpose of illustration of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection defined by the appended claims.

Example 1

180.4 g of decyl epoxide and 61 g of monoethanolamine were added to a four-necked flask equipped with a thermometer, followed by stirring at a temperature of 90 ° C. for 2 hours. The 1: 1 reactant of the surfactant thus synthesized was 87% content by GC analysis and the melting point was 37 ° C.

100 parts by weight of amorphous polystyrene resin (GPPS) and 1 part by weight of the prepared surfactant were blended with a Henschel mixer for 10 minutes, and then pelletized using a twin screw kneading extruder at 190 to 220 ° C. and 190 rpm. The preparation and evaluation results of the physical properties are shown in Table 1 below.

Example 2

After adding 211.2 g of dodecyl epoxide and 61 g of monoethanolamine, the reaction was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a surfactant having a 1: 1 reactant of 89.5% and a melting point of 43 ° C., to prepare a test specimen in the same manner as in Example 1. And the results of the evaluation of the physical properties are shown in Table 1 below.

Example 3

242 g of tetradecyl epoxide and 61 g of monoethanolamine were added thereto, followed by reaction in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a surfactant having a 1: 1 reactant of 90.7% and a melting point of 47 ° C., to prepare a test specimen in the same manner as in Example 1. The results of evaluating the physical properties are shown in Table 1 below.

Example 4

After adding 272.8 g of hexadecyl epoxide and 61 g of monoethanolamine, the reaction was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1, to obtain a surfactant having a reactant of 11.0: 1% and a melting point of 51 ° C., and a test specimen was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1. And the results of the evaluation of the physical properties are shown in Table 1 below.

Example 5

After adding 105.6 g of dodecyl epoxide, 121 g of tetradecyl epoxide, and 61 g of monoethanolamine, the reaction was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1, to obtain a surfactant having a reaction ratio of 10.0: 1, melting point of 46 ° C, and Example 1 Test specimens were prepared in the same manner and the results of the evaluation of the physical properties are shown in Table 1 below.

Example 6

After adding 242 g of tetradecyl epoxide and 105 g of diethanolamine, the reaction was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 to obtain a surfactant having a melting point of 52 ° C., and the test specimen was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and the physical properties thereof were evaluated. It is shown in Table 1 below.

Example 7

Except for using a high impact polystyrene resin (HIPS) in place of the amorphous polystyrene resin (GPPS) was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 and the results of the evaluation of the physical properties are shown in Table 2 below.

Example 8

100 parts by weight of ABS resin was used instead of amorphous polystyrene resin (GPPS), and 1 part by weight of the prepared surfactant was blended in a Henschel mixer for 10 minutes, and pelletized using a twin screw kneading extruder at 200 to 230 ° C. and 190 rpm. Except for the same as in Example 1 and the physical properties of the evaluation results are shown in Table 2 below.

Example 9

1 part by weight of a surfactant prepared by using 100 parts by weight of polypropylene (PP) instead of amorphous polystyrene resin (GPPS) was blended in a Henschel mixer for 10 minutes, and then pelleted using a twin screw kneading extruder under conditions of 170 to 190 ° C and 190 rpm. Except for the oxidized, it was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 and the results of the evaluation of physical properties are shown in Table 2 below.

Example 10

100 parts by weight of polyethylene (PE) was used instead of amorphous polystyrene resin (GPPS), and 1 part by weight of the prepared surfactant was blended in a Henschel mixer for 10 minutes, and then pelletized using a twin screw kneading extruder under conditions of 160 to 180 ° C. and 190 rpm. Except for the oxidized, it was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 and the results of the evaluation of physical properties are shown in Table 2 below.

Comparative Example 1

100 parts by weight of amorphous polystyrene resin (GPPS) and 1 part by weight of dodecyldiethanolamine were blended in a Henschel mixer for 10 minutes, and then pelletized by using a twin screw kneading extruder at 190 to 220 ° C. and 190 rpm. The preparation and evaluation results of the physical properties are shown in Table 3 below.

Comparative Example 2

100 parts by weight of amorphous polystyrene resin (GPPS) and 1 part by weight of glycerine mono-stearate were blended in a Henschel mixer for 10 minutes, and then pelletized using a twin screw kneading extruder at 190 to 220 ° C. and 190 rpm. The test specimens were prepared by the injection molding machine, and the results of the evaluation of the physical properties are shown in Table 3 below.

Comparative Example 3

100 parts by weight of amorphous polystyrene resin (GPPS) and 1 part by weight of sodium dodecyl sulfonate were blended in a Henschel mixer for 10 minutes, and then pelletized using a twin screw kneading extruder at 190 to 220 ° C. and 190 rpm. The test specimens were prepared by the injection molding machine, and the results of the evaluation of the physical properties are shown in Table 3 below.

division Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4 Example 5 Example 6 Antistatic Half-life (seconds) 8.7 5.4 4.9 7.8 5.2 6.4 Surface resistance (Ω) 8.7 × 10 ¹¹ 1.6 × 10 ¹¹ 8.2 × 10 ¹⁰ 7.6 × 10 ¹¹ 9.3 × 10 ¹⁰ 4.5 × 10 ¹⁰ Transparency Transmittance (%) 89.0 89.1 89.1 89.0 89.0 88.9 Turbidity (%) 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.6 Yellowing index 0.30 0.29 0.32 0.35 0.27 0.31

division Example 7 Example 8 Example 9 Example 10 Antistatic Half-life (seconds) 6.4 4.5 4.2 2.7 Surface resistance (Ω) 3.1 × 10 ¹⁰ 2.1 × 10 ¹⁰ 1.5 × 10 ¹⁰ 9.5 × 10 ⁹

division Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 2 Comparative Example 3 Antistatic Half-life (seconds) 15.4 ∞ 1.8 Surface resistance (Ω) 1.1 × 10 ¹² 7.1 × 10 ¹⁵ 4.5 × 10 ¹⁰ Transparency Transmittance (%) 88.9 88.9 opacity Turbidity (%) 0.8 0.9 opacity Yellowing index 2.7 0.4 0.5

(1) Antistatic performance evaluation

A. Half-life of high voltage: temperature 23 ℃, relative humidity 50%, applied voltage 8kV, application time 60 seconds

B. Surface resistance: temperature 23 ℃, relative humidity 50%, applied voltage 500V, measurement time 30 seconds

(2) Evaluation of transparency : 3 mm specimens prepared in Examples and Comparative Examples were measured.

A. Permeability, Haze: Measured using a HGM-2K model from SUGA TEST INSTRUMENT.

B. Yellow Index: Measured using MINOLTA's CM-3700d model.

The present invention provides a nonionic surfactant which can be used as an additive to a plastic composition which simultaneously requires antistatic property and antistatic property and transparency, and a method of manufacturing the same, wherein the nonionic surfactant is added to prevent the antistatic property and the antistatic property. The effect of the invention is to provide a plastic composition which simultaneously requires transparency.

Simple modifications or changes of the present invention can be easily carried out by those skilled in the art, and all such modifications or changes can be seen to be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

Alpha-olefin epoxides having 10 to 18 carbon atoms and hydroxy alkyl amines are reacted at 80 to 100 ° C. without a catalyst, thereby forming one of alpha olefin epoxides and hydroxy alkylamines having the following structural formula. : 1 non-ionic surfactant excellent in antistatic properties and transparency, containing 85% or more of the content of the reactants. R-CH (OH) -CH ₂ -NH (CH ₂ CH ₂ OH) Where R is a C10-18 hydrocarbon. According to claim 1, wherein the alpha olefin epoxide is antistatic, characterized in that at least one selected from the group consisting of decyl epoxide, dodecyl epoxide, tetradecyl epoxide, hexadecyl epoxide, and octadecyl epoxide. Nonionic surfactants with excellent properties and transparency. The nonionic surfactant having excellent antistatic property and transparency according to claim 1, wherein the hydroxy alkylamine is at least one selected from the group consisting of monoethanolamine and diethanolamine. As a raw material of the packaging material having excellent antistatic properties and transparency, characterized by mixing 0.1 to 5 parts by weight of the nonionic surfactant according to any one of claims 1 to 3 to 100 parts by weight of amorphous polystyrene resin (GPPS). Plastic composition used. Nonionic surfactant according to any one of the preceding claims 0.1 to 100 parts by weight of a resin selected from the group consisting of high impact polystyrene resin (HIPS), ABS resin, polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene (PE) An excellent antistatic property plastic composition, characterized in that by mixing to 5 parts by weight.