KR100463555B1 - Optical record medium and it's data recording method - Google Patents

Abstract

A method of recording data in a rewritable optical record medium and a spare area of the optical record medium, in particular a primary spare area is allocated to a portion of the data area of the optical record medium, and the primary spare area is full. If it is going to be full, the maximum allowable supplementary spare area is determined according to the DMA condition and the size of the primary spare area, and then the auxiliary spare area is added to a part of the data area within the determined maximum allowable size. By allocating only once, it is not necessary to expand the auxiliary spare area, and thus there is no need to de_fragmentation for the expansion of the auxiliary spare area.

Description

Optical record medium and it's data recording method}

The present invention relates to a rewritable optical record carrier and a method for recording data in a spare area of the optical record carrier.

In general, optical recording media are classified into three types, such as a read-only ROM type, a write once type Worm type, and a rewritable type that can be repeatedly recorded, depending on whether repeat recording is possible. Lose.

Among them, freely and repeatedly rewritable discs include a rewritable compact disc (CD-RW) and a rewritable digital versatile disc (DVD-RAM, DVD-RW).

In the case of such a rewritable optical recording medium, the recording / reproducing operation of information is repeatedly performed due to its use characteristics, and thus, the mixing ratio of the mixtures constituting the recording layer formed for recording information on the optical recording medium is increased. It becomes different from the mixing ratio and loses its characteristics, resulting in an error in recording / reproducing information.

This phenomenon is called deterioration, and the deteriorated area appears as a defect area when the format, recording, and reproducing command of the optical recording medium is executed.

In addition to the deterioration phenomenon, defect areas of the rewritable optical recording medium may be generated due to scratches on the surface, dust such as dust, errors in production, and the like.

Therefore, in order to prevent data from being recorded / reproduced in the defective areas formed due to the above reasons, it is necessary to manage the defective areas.

To this end, as shown in FIG. 1, a defect management area (hereinafter referred to as DMA) is provided in a lead-in area and a lead-out area of the optical recording medium. The defect area of the optical recording medium is managed. The data area is divided and managed by zones. Each zone is divided into a user area in which actual data is recorded and a spare area for use when a defect occurs in the user area.

In general, four DMAs exist in one disk (eg, a DVD-RAM), two DMAs exist in a lead-in area, and the other two DMAs exist in a lead-out area. Each DMA consists of two blocks, totaling 32 sectors.

Here, the first block of each DMA (called a DDS / PDL block) includes a Disc Definition Structure (DDS) and a Primary Defect List (PDL), and the second block of each DMA (called an SDL block) is an SDL (Secondary). Defect List).

In this case, PDL means main defect data storage, and SDL means defect data storage.

In general, the PDL stores entries created during the disc creation process and entries of all defective sectors that are identified during initializing, ie, initializing and re-initializing the disc. Here, each entry is composed of an entry type and a sector number corresponding to a defective sector as shown in Fig. 2A. The sector numbers are listed in a rising order. The entry type enumerates origins of defective sectors. For example, the entry type is classified into a P-list, a G ₁ -list, and a G ₂ -list.

That is, defective sectors defined by the disc manufacturer, such as those created during the disc creation process, are stored in a P-list, and defective sectors found during the certification process when the user formats the disc are stored in a G ₁ -list. Defect sectors transferred from the SDL without verification are stored in the G ₂ -list.

On the other hand, the SDL is listed in units of blocks, and stores entries of defective areas that occur after the format or defective areas that cannot be stored in the PDL during the format. Each SDL entry includes an area for storing the sector number of the first sector of the block in which the defective sector has occurred, an area for storing the sector number of the first sector of the replacement block as shown in FIG. 2B, and an unused area ( Reserved). Each entry is also assigned with one bit for Forced Reassignment Marking (FRM).

In this case, the defective areas (ie, defective sectors or defective blocks) in the data area should be replaced with normal areas, and there are a replacement method such as a slipping replacement method and a linear replacement method.

The sleeping replacement method is applied when a defective area is registered in the PDL. If a defective sector exists in a user area in which actual data is recorded as shown in FIG. 3A, the defective sector is skipped. Instead, it is replaced by a good sector following the defective sector to record data. Then, the user area in which data is recorded occupies a spare area as much as the defective sector skipped and eventually skipped. That is, the spare area is allocated to the user area by the skipped defective sectors. For example, the list PDL P- or G ₁ - if two defect sectors are registered in the list data is recorded pushed up to two sectors of the spare area. If a defective sector is recorded in the G ₂ -list of the PDL, the data is recorded by pushing up to 16 sectors (= 1 block) in the spare area.

In addition, the linear replacement method is applied when the defective area is registered in the SDL. When a defective block exists in the user area as illustrated in FIG. 3B, the replacement of the block unit allocated to the spare area ( replacement) field to record the data.

On the other hand, in order to increase the data recording capacity of the optical disk, a method of allocating a spare area having a capacity smaller than that of the spare area of FIG. 1 described above to only one zone of the data area or a portion of the data area is proposed. have.

One of them is a method of locating a spare area at the top of the data area, as shown in FIG. 4, and the spare area at this time is called a primary spare area (SA-pri). That is, the remaining data area except the main spare area becomes a user area.

The primary spare area is an area allocated during the initial formatting process, and is not assigned a logical sector number (LSN). That is, the primary spare area may be allocated when the disc manufacturer manufactures the optical disc or may be allocated when the user formats the blank disc for the first time.

At this time, the capacity of the main spare area may be variously allocated. For example, 26 MB (MB is Mega Byte) to set 4.7 GB (GB is Giga Byte) as the initial data recording capacity (that is, the first user area). You can allocate it, or you can allocate 145MB for 4.5GB.

Then, if defective sectors are registered in the PDL by initial or reformatting, data is not recorded in the defective sectors, thereby reducing the recording capacity. Therefore, the main spare area is slipped to the user area by the defective sectors registered in the PDL during formatting to maintain the initial data recording capacity. That is, the physical sector number (PSN) to which the logical start position LSN = 0 of the user area is given changes according to defective sectors registered in the PDL at the time of formatting. In this case, the main spare area is sleeped in reverse order. In addition, the assignment of spare blocks in the main spare area for linear replacement is performed in the reverse order.

On the other hand, when the main spare area is to be made full by sleeping replacement or linear replacement, a new spare area is allocated again near the end of the user area as shown in FIG. The spare area at this time is called a supplementary spare area (SA-sup). That is, since important data is copied at the end of the user area, the auxiliary spare area is allocated near the end, not the end of the user area.

In addition, when the auxiliary spare area is to be full, the auxiliary spare area may be expanded as shown in FIG.

In this case, spare blocks of the auxiliary spare area used for linear replacement are used in reverse order. This is to easily and continuously expand the auxiliary spare area.

If the auxiliary spare area cannot be extended continuously, the optical recording medium becomes an error.

For example, when data is recorded in the area to be expanded, that is, the auxiliary spare area extended while linearly replacing all the data (that is, file 1 and file 2) to the end of the user area as shown in FIG. Let's say that all of the files are used and are full, but again we delete and rewrite file 1. At this time, if a new defective block is found in the user area in which file 1 is recorded, the auxiliary spare area must be newly expanded. However, since the data (that is, file 2) has already been recorded in the position to be extended to the auxiliary spare area, the auxiliary spare area can no longer be expanded.

However, this problem can be avoided with utilities such as de-fragmentation.

For example, the auxiliary spare area to be expanded can be secured by moving data at the end of the file 2 to the top of the user area, that is, to the top of the deleted file 1, or by finding and moving an empty area of the user area.

By the way, the size of the expandable auxiliary spare area is conventionally not determined.

That is, when it is not determined how much to allow the auxiliary spare area size to be extended when managing the spare area through DMA, a problem may occur in system operation such as the spare area is infinitely extended.

In addition, utilities such as the defragmentation described above are problematic in that they are time consuming and complex and degrade the performance of the system. In other words, large data (e.g. 4.7GB) data needs to be rewritten, which requires almost the same time as full formatting, and disk structure is changed almost by changing data by finding empty space and changing file information. It must be complicated.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to determine an auxiliary spare area having a maximum allowable size and to allocate an auxiliary spare area only once within the determined spare spare area size. A method of recording data in a spare area of a recording medium is provided.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for recording data by allocating an auxiliary spare area after determining an allowable size of the auxiliary spare area in advance.

It is still another object of the present invention to provide a method of recording data by allocating an auxiliary spare area only once within a predetermined allowable size.

1 is a view showing the structure of a typical optical disk

Figure 2a shows a general PDL entry structure

2b shows a general SDL entry structure

Figure 3a shows a typical sleeping alternative method

3b illustrates a typical linear replacement method

4 illustrates an example in which a general spare area is allocated to a top position of a data area.

5A and 5B illustrate an example in which an auxiliary spare area is allocated to a disk having a primary spare area as shown in FIG. 4 and the auxiliary spare area is expanded.

6 shows an example in which a secondary spare area is allocated by the present invention in a disk having a primary spare area;

A data recording method of an optical recording medium according to the present invention for achieving the above object, the auxiliary spare area in the optical recording medium having a main spare area assignable to the inner peripheral area, and an auxiliary spare area assignable to the outer peripheral area The data recording in is characterized in that the progress is made in ascending order.

The data recording of the main spare area is performed in ascending order.

The auxiliary spare area is characterized in that it varies within an acceptable size.

The main spare area may have a fixed size.

The auxiliary spare area is additionally allocated only once within an allowable size.

The auxiliary spare area may be allocated at a time within an allowable size.

The allowable size is a size that can be managed in the defect management area.

The allowable size is characterized in that it depends on the conditions of the defect management area.

The auxiliary spare area is characterized in that it extends in the inner circumferential direction.

The optical recording medium according to the present invention comprises a defect management area, a main spare area assignable to the inner circumferential area and an auxiliary spare area assignable to the outer circumferential area, wherein the auxiliary spare area is characterized in that data is recorded in ascending order.

Other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the detailed description of the embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The present invention is to prevent the defragmentation is performed when the auxiliary spare area is needed when it can not be allocated anymore, and after determining the auxiliary spare area of the maximum allowable size of the auxiliary spare area if necessary, the auxiliary spare within the determined size The area is allocated only once as shown in FIG. Thus, no further expansion of the auxiliary spare area is required. At this time, data recording in the main spare area and the auxiliary spare area is performed in ascending order.

The maximum allowable auxiliary spare area is, for example, about 120 MB. This is similar to the maximum defect area size that can be managed in DMA.

That is, there may occur a case in which a defective sector found during formatting cannot be registered as a PDL, an SDL cannot be converted into a PDL, or a defect block found during data recording / reproduction cannot be registered in the SDL. This is because the number of entries that can be registered in the DMA is limited by the following condition (1).

Here, S _PDL is the number of sectors used to hold the PDL entries, S _SDL is the number of sectors used to hold the SDL entries, E _PDL is the number of PDL entries, and E _SDL is the number of SDL entries. And, Denotes the largest integer not greater than P.

That is, the total number of sectors that can be used for the PDL and the SDL cannot exceed 16 sectors, and the PDL alone or the SDL alone cannot exceed 15 sectors.

At this time, according to the above equation 1, the defect area that can be managed by the DMA to the maximum becomes about 145MB (= 121MB + α). For example, since a defect area that SDL 1 sector can manage is 8 MB and a PDL 1 sector can be managed 1 MB, adding SDL 15 sectors (= 120 MB) to PDL 1 sector (= 1 MB) becomes 121 MB. In consideration of the defect in the spare area, α is added to 145MB. That's about 3% of 4.7GB. That is, up to about 3% of the spare area can be allocated.

Therefore, if the initial recording capacity of the user area is 4.7 GB and the primary spare area is allocated 26 MB, the auxiliary spare area can be allocated up to 119 MB.

In this case, when the maximum allowable size cannot be allocated to the auxiliary spare area at one time, that is, when the area that can be allocated as the spare spare area in the optical disc is smaller than the size of the maximum allowable spare spare area, the maximum allowable size cannot be allocated within the assignable area. Allocate a spare spare area at one time. For example, as shown in FIG. 5 (b), if the auxiliary spare area is not required when recording File 1, but the auxiliary spare area is required when recording the latter part of File 2, the auxiliary spare area can be allocated. The area may be smaller than the maximum allowable size. If the maximum allowable size is 120 MB but the allocable size is 100 MB, the auxiliary spare area is allocated at once within 100 MB.

That is, when the auxiliary spare area is first needed, the second spare area may be allocated only once within the maximum allowable size. However, if the spare spare area is allocated as the spare spare area in the current disk as described above, If the size is smaller than the maximum allowable size, the auxiliary spare area is allocated at a time within the allocable area of the auxiliary spare area when necessary.

Then, if an additional allocable area is secured in the future, for example, if file 2 is deleted in FIG. 5 (b) and 120MB is additionally allocated as the spare spare area that can be allocated, the remaining allocated space, that is, within 120MB, is needed. You can expand the secondary spare area at one time.

In this case, when the DMA condition as shown in Equation 1 is changed, the maximum allowable auxiliary spare area may also vary. In addition, the maximum allowable size of the auxiliary spare area may vary according to the size of the primary spare area.

On the other hand, when slipping occurs in the auxiliary spare area that has been extended according to the conventional spare area expansion method, the user area is discontinuous because the sleeping is performed in the reverse order for the continuous auxiliary spare area expansion.

Therefore, when the maximum allowable size is allocated at one time in the present invention, the order of use of the auxiliary spare area may be in ascending order for the continuity of the user area.

As described above, according to the optical recording medium and the spare area allocation method according to the present invention, after determining the maximum allowable auxiliary spare area according to the DMA condition and the size of the primary spare area, By allocating the auxiliary spare area only once within the determined size, the extension of the auxiliary spare area is not necessary. Therefore, there is no need for de_fragmentation which requires a lot of time and complexity for the expansion of the auxiliary spare area. In addition, since the maximum size of the expandable auxiliary spare area is determined, there is no problem such that the spare area is extended indefinitely, thereby improving system performance.

Claims (18)

A data recording method of an optical recording medium having a primary spare area assignable to an inner peripheral area and an auxiliary spare area assignable to an outer peripheral area, And recording data in the auxiliary spare area in ascending order. The method of claim 1, And recording data in the primary spare area in ascending order. The method of claim 1, And said auxiliary spare area is varied within an acceptable size. The method of claim 3, wherein And said main spare area has a fixed size. The method of claim 3, wherein And the auxiliary spare area is additionally allocated only once within an allowable size. The method of claim 3, wherein And the auxiliary spare area is allocated at a time within an allowable size. The method according to any one of claims 3, 5 and 6, The acceptable size is A data recording method for an optical recording medium, characterized by a size that can be managed in a defect management area. The method according to any one of claims 3, 5 and 6, The acceptable size is A data recording method for an optical record carrier, characterized in that it depends on the conditions of the defect management area. The method of claim 1, And the auxiliary spare area extends in an inner circumferential direction. And a defect management area, a main spare area assignable to the inner circumferential area, and an auxiliary spare area assignable to the outer circumferential area, wherein the auxiliary spare area is recorded in ascending order. The method of claim 10, And the main spare area has data recorded in ascending order. The method of claim 10, And the auxiliary spare area is variable within an acceptable size. The method of claim 12, And the main spare area has a fixed size. The method of claim 12, And the auxiliary spare area is additionally allocated only once within an acceptable size. The method of claim 12, And the auxiliary spare area is allocated at a time within an allowable size. The method according to any one of claims 12, 14 and 15, The acceptable size is An optical recording medium having a size that can be managed in a defect management area. The method according to any one of claims 12, 14 and 15, The acceptable size is An optical record carrier characterized in that it depends on the conditions of the defect management area. The method of claim 10, And the auxiliary spare area extends in an inner circumferential direction.