KR100457009B1 - An Auto Lubrication Device for Hydraulic Construction Equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is an apparatus for automatically supplying lubricating oil to construction machinery equipment using a hydraulic cylinder, the hydraulic oil supplied to the hydraulic cylinder through the adjustment valve from the hydraulic source is generated alternately high and low pressure in accordance with the movement of the control valve and the cylinder By using this, a part of the hydraulic oil is drawn out from the flow path where the pressure changes, so that the number of times the pressure changes and the predetermined amount of lubricant oil can be supplied to the required place every bar, the flow path connected to the hydraulic line A counting means (C) which moves in accordance with the pressure change of (1) and counts the number of pressure changes, and rotates by one value for every count of the counting means (C), and when a constant count is reached, the flow path ( Switching means (D) for controlling the pumping of the lubricating oil by the hydraulic oil supplied in 1), and lubricating oil storage every time the switching means (D) is opened To pump the lubricating oil of the group (B) comprises a pumping means (E) to be supplied to the lubrication points.

Description

Auto Lubrication Device for Hydraulic Construction Equipment

The present invention relates to a device for automatically supplying lubricating oil to a place requiring lubrication of construction machinery equipment, in detail, the hydraulic oil supplied to the hydraulic cylinder from the hydraulic source through the adjustment valve according to the movement of the control valve and the cylinder The high pressure and the low pressure are alternately generated. By using this, a part of the hydraulic oil is drawn from the flow path in which the pressure changes, so that the number of times the pressure is changed is counted, and a predetermined amount of lubricating oil can be supplied to a required place at a certain count.

Most construction equipment uses hydraulic cylinders to lift, move and shred objects. In the process of performing these operations, the hinge parts supporting both ends of the cylinder, the surface friction parts (for example, the boom of the hydraulic crane), and the chisel and chisel guide surfaces of the hydraulic hammer are used. It is subject to heavy friction and requires lubrication.

Currently, most construction machinery equipment is equipped with lubricating oil nipples wherever lubrication is required, and the operator of the equipment operates the equipment by filling the lubricating oil periodically or when necessary. This wastes time for the operator (user of the machine), damages the machine if it is not filled in time, and shortens the machine's life.

Some units are equipped with an electric lubrication pump, which, at the discretion of the operator, fills the lubricating oil with a switch. However, the electric lubrication pump is electrically driven and controlled so that the pump operates regardless of the number of operation of the actual equipment. For example, if the control is set to pump the pump five times every hour and the power is connected to the pump, the pump will pump the lubricant every hour regardless of the number of frictions in the machine friction. Therefore, more lubricant than necessary or too little lubricant can be supplied.

In addition, the electric lubrication pump may be unsuitable for use under certain conditions. For example, a hydraulic blower (hydraulic breaker) operates away from a hydraulic source. To use an electric lubrication pump, an electric pump is installed near a hydraulic source and lubricating oil is supplied to a distant target point through a supply pipe. Shall. For this reason, it is difficult to supply the correct amount due to the loss of pipe friction, and additional cost is added because a separate supply pipe must be installed, and the connection part of the lubricating oil supply pipe must be removed and attached when removing or attaching the hydraulic hammer. It is cumbersome.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems of the lubrication device of the conventional hydraulic construction machinery, the object of the present invention is to automatically count the number of times the operation of the construction machinery equipment, need a suitable amount of lubricant every time By automatically supplying to the location, it minimizes the inconvenience of the operator, reduces the environmental pollution caused by the supply of lubricating oil more than necessary, and can extend the life of the equipment by supplying the optimum amount of lubricating oil.

The present invention is also capable of supplying a suitable amount of lubricating oil by recognizing the operating frequency of the equipment by itself, and because it is installed directly on the target (for example, directly on the body of the hydraulic breaker), there is no additional piping cost burden, The trouble of removing and attaching can be eliminated.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is attached to construction equipment using hydraulic pressure to automatically count the number of operation of the equipment, connected to the hydraulic line in order to automatically supply the required amount of lubricating oil at a predetermined number of operations. A counting means which moves in accordance with the pressure change of the flow channel and counts the number of pressure changes, and rotates by 1 value every every count of the counting means, and when a certain count is reached, the hydraulic oil supplied from the flow path Provided is an automatic lubricating oil supply device comprising switching means for controlling pumping and pumping means for pumping lubricating oil in a lubricating oil storage container each time the opening of the switching means is opened.

In the present invention, the counting means includes a counting piston which linearly reciprocates in response to an external pressure change, and a counting spring which is compressed according to the movement of the counting piston when the counting piston is high pressure and pushes the counting piston at low pressure; A counting finger assembled at one end of the counting piston and moving together with the counting piston to drive the switching means, a connecting pin connecting the counting piston and the counting finger and guiding the vertical movement of the counting finger; The finger spring is compressed and includes a finger spring that supports the count finger to move backward along the switching means and to recover when moving forward to drive the counting means.

In the present invention, the switching means has the same shape and the number of gears is composed of two different switch gears 1,2, and the gear part of the switch gear 1 rotates by one tooth by one reciprocating motion of the counting means. And rotate the interlocked switchgear 2, and the body of the switchgear 1 is connected to the flow path and the intermediate flow path during rotation, and a hole is also drilled in the body of the switchgear 2 to be connected to the flow path and the pumping means. The flow path is connected to operate the pumping means by the hydraulic oil supplied from the flow path.

In the present invention, the pumping means, when the flow path of the switching means is opened in a straight line, a pump piston that moves in direct correspondence with the hydraulic oil introduced through the flow path, and a pump spool for receiving (pumping) the lubricating oil by receiving the force of the pump piston; The pump spool is integrally assembled with the pump to prevent leakage and the pump spring is compressed during extrusion of the lubricating oil and the pump spring is pushed into the low pressure to suck the lubricating oil when the flow path is changed to low pressure.

In the present invention, a check valve built-in socket is installed between the pumping means and the lubricating oil storage container when the pump is inhaled and closed during extrusion, and a check valve built-in socket is opened between the pumping means and the lubrication point when the pump is closed and opened during extrusion. Installed, the amount of lubricating oil for adjusting the amount of the extruded lubricating oil may be further provided.

1 is a hydraulic circuit diagram showing the operation principle of the automatic lubricating oil supply device according to the present invention,

2 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the structure of an automatic lubricating oil supply device according to the present invention;

3 is an external view of the automatic lubricant supply device according to the present invention, 3a is a front view, 3b is a plan view, 3c is a side view,

4A is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A of FIG. 3A,

4B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG. 3A,

4C is a cross-sectional view taken along the line C-C of FIG. 3B;

4D is a cross-sectional view taken along the line D-D of FIG. 3B;

5 is a view showing an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a hydraulic excavator,

6 is a view showing an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a hydraulic breaker.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

A: Automatic lubricant supply device B: Storage container

C: counting means D: switching means

E: Pumping means 1s: Connection socket

2s: connecting socket 4: counting piston

5: count spring 5a: spring cover

6: connecting pin 7: counting finger

8: finger spring 9: switchgear 1

10: switchgear 2 11: euro

12: Euro 11a, 12a, 12b: plug

13: pump spool 13a: packing

13b: pump piston 13c: pump cover

13d: packing 14: pump spring

17: Socket with check valve 1 18: Lubrication adjustment bolt

18a: fixing nut 18b: packing

19: check valve built-in socket 2 20: pump body

21: pump cover 22a, 22b, 22c: cover assembly bolt

1 is a circuit diagram showing the operation principle of the present invention, "A" is a lubricating oil automatic supply device of the present invention, "B" is a lubricating oil storage container. 2 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the configuration of the components of the automatic lubricant supply device (A) and the lubricant storage container (B), Figure 3a to 3c is a front view, a plan view showing the actual shape of the automatic lubricant supply device (A) And side view.

The present invention is a counting means (C) that moves in accordance with the external pressure change and counts the number of pressure changes, and switching means for controlling the lubricating oil pumping by opening the flow path when a certain count is rotated by one tooth (마다) per count ( D) and pumping means (E) for pumping lubricating oil every time the switching means (D) is opened, and each of these means (C, D, E) is organically assembled in the bodies (20, 21). It is.

The lubricant storage container (B) is composed of a container body (15) and a lid (15a), an air filter (15b), and a transparent tube tube (15c) showing the lubricant storage amount.

The counting means (C) of the present invention is a compression piston according to the movement of the counting piston (4) when the high pressure is applied to the counting piston (4) linearly reciprocating in response to the external pressure change, the low pressure Counting spring (5) for pushing the time counting piston (4), counting finger (7), which is assembled at one end of the counting piston (4), moves together with the counting piston (4), and rotates the switch gear 1 (9) A connecting pin 6 for connecting the piston 4 and the count finger 7 and guiding the up and down movement of the count finger 7, and when the count finger 7 is retracted, it is compressed so that the count finger 7 is switched to the switch gear 1 ( A finger spring 8 supporting the count finger 7 so as to retract along the tooth surface of 9), restoring on the forward side, and pushing the tooth surface of the switchgear 1 (9), and each of the above components is inserted into the body 20. It is comprised by the spring cover 5a which assembles and fixes.

The switching means (D) of this apparatus is composed of a switch gear 1 (9) and a switch gear 2 (10), each having the same shape, and the dimensions of the gears are different. The gear part of the switch gear 1 (9) rotates by one tooth by one reciprocating motion of the counting means C, and rotates the engaged switch gear 2 (10). In addition, a hole 9a is drilled in the trunk portion of the switch gear 1 (9) on the same line as the flow path 1 in the body 20, and connects the flow path 1 and the flow path 11 during rotation. In addition, the hole 10a of the switch gear 2 10 serves as a switch for connecting the flow path 11 and the flow path 12 to operate the pumping means E. FIG. (FIGS. 1 and 2 show a closed state of the switch, and FIGS. 3A and 3C show an open state of the switch.)

The pumping means (E) of the device is a switch, i.e., when the flow paths (1, 11, 12) of the switching means (D) are opened in a straight line, the pump piston (13b) moving in direct response to the high pressure oil introduced through the flow path (12). ), The pump spool 13 to extrude (pump) the lubricating oil by receiving the force of the pump piston 13b, the packing 13a which is integrally assembled with the pump spool 13 to prevent leakage, and is compressed during the extrusion of the lubricating oil. When the flow passage 12 changes to a low pressure, the pump spring 14 for pushing the pump spool 13 to suck the lubricating oil and the above components are assembled and fixed in the body 20 and serve as a cylinder of the pump piston 13b. Connects the pump cover 13c, the lubricating oil storage container (B) and the lubricating oil inlet port 16 of the device, and is equipped with a check valve built-in socket 1 (17) with a check valve function that opens when the pump is sucked in and closes during extrusion. Connect the lubricating oil to the required place and close it when the pump is inhaled. It consists of a socket 2 (19) with a built-in check valve opening during high extrusion, a lubrication amount adjusting bolt 18 for adjusting the amount of extruded lubricant oil and a fixing nut (18a) for fixing the adjusting bolt in the proper position, Figures 3b and It is assembled in the body 20 as in 3c.

1 is a circuit diagram showing the operation principle of the apparatus through the operation circuit of a general and simple hydraulic cylinder, the hydraulic source in the hydraulic construction equipment is the power source (M), hydraulic pump (P), relief valve (Rv) and hydraulic It consists of hydraulic oil storage tank (T). The hydraulic oil discharged from the hydraulic pump P causes the hydraulic cylinder to be positioned in the neutral position by the direction change valve V or to move in both directions s1 and s2. When the valve V is operated in the v1 direction, the hydraulic oil moves the rod of the hydraulic cylinder through the flow path b1 in the s1 direction, where a high pressure is formed in b1 and a low pressure is formed in b2. On the contrary, when the valve V is operated in the v2 direction, the rod of the cylinder moves in the s2 direction, low pressure is formed at b1, and high pressure is formed at b2. After all, the number of round trips of a cylinder is equal to the number of changes in high and low pressures occurring at b1 or b2.

1 shows that the flow path 1a drawn out from the flow path b2 is connected to the flow path 1 in the body 20 through the connection socket 1s of the apparatus.

Operation of the present invention configured as described above will be described sequentially based on each operation order.

<Action 1>

When high pressure is formed in b2, the hydraulic oil supplied through the flow path 1 causes the count piston 4 to move in the a direction (FIG. 2). At this time, since the high pressure acts on the body of the switch gear 1 (9), the switch gear 1 (9) is fixed and the count finger (7) connected to the count piston (4) is lifted along the tooth surface and is reversed in the a direction.

<Action 2>

When b2 changes to low pressure, the flow path 1 also changes to low pressure, so the counting piston 4 moves in the b direction (Fig. 2) by the repulsion of the count spring 5, thereby moving the next value of the switch gear 1 (9). Push to rotate by one tooth in the c direction (FIG. 2). At this time, the flow path (9a) in the body of the switch gear 1 (9) is connected to the flow path 1 and the flow path 11, the switch gear 2 (10) is coupled to the switch gear 1 (9), so Since the teeth rotate in the d direction (FIG. 2) by one tooth, the flow path 10a connects the flow path 11 and the flow path 12.

<Action 3>

When b2 changes to high pressure again, the counting piston 4 reverses in the a direction, and at the same time the high pressure oil along the flow paths 1, 9a, 11, 10a, 12 opened by the switch gears 1,2 (9, 10). Pushes the pump piston 13 to extrude the lubricating oil. At this time, the check valve 1 (17) is closed because only the flow in the f direction is formed, and the check valve 2 (19) is opened because it only creates the flow in the e direction, so that the lubricating oil needs to be lubricated along the flow path (3a). h1, h2, h3, h4) and the like. The residual pressure oil generated in each operation is collected through the oil passage 2 to the hydraulic oil storage tank.

<Action 4>

When b2 is changed back to low pressure, as in <operation 2>, the counting piston 4 moves forward (b direction) to rotate the switch gear 1 (9) so that the oil passage 9a is blocked from the oil passage 1 so that the pump Doesn't work.

<Operation 5>

When the flow path is opened, the flow path 9a and the flow path 10a form a straight line while the switch gear 1 (9) and the switch gear 2 (10) rotate together. The switch gear 1 (9) and the switch gear are in a straight line. Since the dimensions of 2 (10) are different, the switch opens periodically once during the count piston 4 reciprocating several times. For example, if the switchgear 1 (9) has 14 dimensions and the switchgear 2 (10) has 15 dimensions, the switchgear 1 (9) will open once every 14 revolutions and the switchgear 2 will rotate 15 times. This is one open every time the count piston 4 reciprocates 210 (14 x 15 = 210) times.

Therefore, whenever the hydraulic cylinder reciprocates 210 times, the lubricant of a certain amount (cross-sectional area x stroke of the pump spool 13) is supplied to the required place.

By changing the dimensions of the switch gear 1,2 (9,10) in consideration of the size of the hydraulic construction equipment, the need for lubrication, and the like, and changing the diameter of the pump spool 13, The optimum lubricant can be supplied automatically.

The hydraulic oil required for the operation of the device uses a small amount compared to the amount of hydraulic oil required for the operation of the construction equipment, so there is no problem in the hydraulic operation of the construction equipment.

<Example 1 of this apparatus>

5 shows an example in which the present invention is applied to a hydraulic excavator. The hydraulic circuit for moving the arm of the hydraulic excavator is similar to the hydraulic operation cylinder of FIG. 1, and a back pressure maintenance valve (Vb) is installed between the direction control valve (V) and the hydraulic cylinder to prevent free fall of the excavator arm. Even in this case, the high pressure and the low pressure are alternately generated in the flow path e1 and the flow path e2 according to the operation of the valve V. The flow path 1a drawn out from the flow path e2 is connected to the connection socket 1s of the apparatus. If it is connected to the above, the lubricating oil is automatically supplied to the necessary parts such as the excavator rotating part and the arm hinge part by counting by the counting device and lubrication pump operation for each predetermined count as in <Action 1, 2, 3, 4, 5>. .

<Example 2 of this apparatus>

Figure 6 shows an example in which the present invention is applied to a hydraulic hammer (hydraulic breaker). When the actuation-stop switch V is in the actuation position, high pressure is always formed in the flow paths b1, b3, b7 and in the cylinder p1. The control valve Vc is placed at the position connecting the flow path b4 and the flow path b2 by the flow path b7. The piston moves in the U direction by the high pressure of p1, and the hydraulic oil of p2 flows in the flow path b4 and the flow path b2. ) Into the tank (at this time, p2, b4, b2 becomes low pressure).

When the piston moves in the U direction and the p1 part and p3 are connected, the high pressure of p1 pushes the control valve Vc to the opposite position through the flow path b6 (the hydraulic actuation area of the control valve is larger than the b7 side, so the b6 side is larger). When the same high pressure is formed in b7 and b6, the valve moves toward b7). The high pressure oil of b1 is connected to the flow path b4. At this time, since the hydraulic pressure area of the piston is larger than the upper portion (p2 side) of the piston (p1 side), the piston descends in the D direction and strikes the chisel. At the time of striking, the flow path p3 and the flow path p4 are connected. At this time, the high pressure of the flow path b6 is released through the flow path b5 so that the control valve Vc returns to its original position, and the piston is again driven by the high pressure of p1. The hydraulic oil of p2 is pushed into the tank via b4 and b2 and moves in the U direction. In this way, the piston repeatedly strikes the chisel, and in this process, the high pressure and the low pressure are repeatedly generated in the flow path b4.

When the flow path drawn out in b4 is connected to the flow path 1 of the device A through the connection socket 1s, it operates as in <Operation 1, 2, 3, 4, 5> and the lubricant storage container B Lubricant oil is taken out and supplied to the friction surface of the chisel, which is a lubrication point, along the lubricating oil passage 3a connected to the socket 19.

In addition, the dimensions of the switchgear 1 (9) and the switchgear 2 (10) are designed in consideration of the size of the hydraulic breaker and the number of strokes per minute, and by adjusting the cross-sectional area and the stroke of the pump spool 13, the optimum lubricant This can reduce the environmental damage and economic losses caused by excessive lubricants. (For example, if the size of switchgear 1 and switchgear 2 is 30 and 31, respectively, the cross-sectional area of the pump spool is 1 cm 2 and the stroke of the spool is 1 cm, and the chisel friction is 1 cm 3 for every 930 hits. To supply wealth)

When lubricating oil is supplied to the lubrication necessary point of construction machinery using the apparatus of the present invention, it eliminates the need to periodically fill the lubricating oil by manpower, and operates according to the actual number of operations of the target (construction machinery). Timely supply of lubricating oil can reduce environmental pollution and extend the life of construction machinery equipment, and can be installed directly in the body of hydraulic breaker, for example, there is no additional piping cost burden, The hassle of removing and attaching the connection part also has a useful effect.

Claims (6)

It is attached to the construction machinery equipment using hydraulic pressure to automatically count the number of operation of the equipment and to change the pressure of the flow path (1) connected to the hydraulic line of the equipment in order to automatically supply the appropriate amount of lubricant to the required place every fixed number of operations. The counting means (C) which moves along and counts the number of pressure changes, and rotates by 1 value every every count of the counting means (C), and when the predetermined count is reached, the hydraulic oil supplied from the flow path (1) The lubricating oil of the lubricating oil storage container (B) by the switching means (D) for controlling the pumping of the lubricating oil to be supplied along the flow paths (11) and (12) and the pressure of the hydraulic oil supplied by the opening of the switching means (D). In the pump comprising a pumping means (E) for supplying to the lubrication point by pumping, The counting means (C) is compressed according to the movement of the counting piston (4) when the high pressure is applied to the counting piston (4) and linear reciprocating movement in response to the external pressure change at the time of low pressure A count spring (5) for pushing the count piston (4), a count finger (7) assembled at one end of the count piston (4) and moving together with the count piston (4) to drive the switching means (D); A connecting pin 6 connecting the count piston 4 and the count finger 7 and guiding the up and down movement of the count finger 7, and the count finger 7 being compressed when the count finger 7 is retracted. Is composed of a finger spring 8 supporting the count finger 7 to reverse along the switching means D and to restore upon advance to drive the counting means D; The switching means (D) has the same shape and the number of gears is composed of two switch gears 1,2 (9, 10) different, and the gear portion of the switch gear 1 (9) is once reciprocated by the count means (C). Rotating the engaged switch gear 2 (10) while rotating by one tooth by movement, and a hole (9a) is drilled in the body portion of the switch gear 1 (9) to the middle of the flow path (1) during rotation The flow path 11 is connected, and a hole 10a is also drilled through the body of the switchgear 2 10 to connect the flow path 11 and the flow path 12 connected by the pumping means E to be supplied from the flow path 1. The pumping means (E) is operated by the hydraulic oil thus supplied; The pumping means (E) is a pump piston (13b) that moves in direct correspondence with the hydraulic oil introduced through the flow path 12, when the flow path (1, 11, 12) of the switching means (D) is opened in a straight line, and the pump The pump spool 13 which extrudes (pumps) the lubricating oil under the force of the piston 13b, the packing 13a which is integrally assembled with the pump spool 13 and prevents leakage, and is compressed during the extrusion of the lubricating oil. Lubricant automatic supply device for a hydraulic construction machinery equipment, characterized in that made of a pump spring (14) for sucking the lubricant by pushing the pump spool (13) when the flow passage (12) is changed to low pressure. delete delete delete The method according to claim 1, Between the pumping means (E) and the lubricating oil storage container (B) is provided with a socket 1 (17) with a check valve built-in, which is opened when the pump is suctioned and closed during extrusion, and the suction of the pump between the pumping means (E) and the lubrication point Automatic supply of lubricating oil for construction machinery equipment for hydraulic use, characterized in that the socket 2 (19) with a built-in check valve that is closed at the time of opening and opening during extrusion. The method according to claim 5, Hydraulic pump construction, characterized in that the pumping means (E) is provided with a lubrication amount adjusting bolt 18 for adjusting the amount of extruded lubricating oil, and a fixing nut 18a for fixing the adjusting bolt 18 to an appropriate position. Lubricant automatic feeder for machinery.