KR100453835B1 - Production method of high density wood by plastic process - Google Patents
Production method of high density wood by plastic process Download PDFInfo
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- KR100453835B1 KR100453835B1 KR10-2001-0054207A KR20010054207A KR100453835B1 KR 100453835 B1 KR100453835 B1 KR 100453835B1 KR 20010054207 A KR20010054207 A KR 20010054207A KR 100453835 B1 KR100453835 B1 KR 100453835B1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
- B27K5/007—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00 using pressure
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
- B27K5/001—Heating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
- B27K5/0085—Thermal treatments, i.e. involving chemical modification of wood at temperatures well over 100°C
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27N—MANUFACTURE BY DRY PROCESSES OF ARTICLES, WITH OR WITHOUT ORGANIC BINDING AGENTS, MADE FROM PARTICLES OR FIBRES CONSISTING OF WOOD OR OTHER LIGNOCELLULOSIC OR LIKE ORGANIC MATERIAL
- B27N3/00—Manufacture of substantially flat articles, e.g. boards, from particles or fibres
- B27N3/08—Moulding or pressing
- B27N3/18—Auxiliary operations, e.g. preheating, humidifying, cutting-off
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical And Physical Treatments For Wood And The Like (AREA)
Abstract
본 발명은 일반목재를 소재로 하여 제조하는 고밀도 소성가공목재의 제조방법에 관한 것으로서, 특히 한정된 용도로 사용되고 있는 목재자원을 간단한 제조공정을 통하여 치수안정성이 우수한 고밀도 목재소재로 가공함으로써 공예용, 건축용, 공업용 등 산업전분야에 걸쳐 다용도로 사용할 수 있도록 한 것이다.The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing high-density plastic processed wood manufactured from general wood as a material, and in particular, by processing a wood resource used for a limited use into a high-density wood material having excellent dimensional stability through a simple manufacturing process, It is intended to be used for various purposes in all industrial fields such as industrial and industrial.
종래에도 고밀도 목재에 대한 제조기술이 제공된 바 있으나 치수안정성이 떨어지고, 제조를 위한 고가의 장치 및 많은 에너지를 필요로 하게 되므로 널리 상용화되고 있지 못한 실정이다.Conventionally, although a manufacturing technology for high density wood has been provided, it is not widely commercialized because it has low dimensional stability and requires expensive devices and a lot of energy for manufacturing.
본 발명은 이러한 종래의 단점을 해결하기 위하여 화학약품 등의 약품전처리를 행하지 않고, 일반목재를 열유압기를 이용 열압축하여 압축목재를 얻고, 상기 압축목재를 필요한 온도와 습도로 처리한 후 건조하여 다용도로 사용할 수 있게 한 것이다.In order to solve the above disadvantages, the present invention does not perform chemical pretreatment such as chemicals, and heat-compresses general wood using a thermo-hydraulic machine to obtain compressed wood. It is intended to be versatile.
Description
본 발명은 일반목재를 소재로 하여 중후하면서도 치수안정성이 탁월한 고밀도 소성가공목재의 제조방법에 관한 것으로서, 제조공정이 단순 간단하면서도 산업전분야에 걸쳐 다용도로 사용가능케 한 것이다.The present invention relates to a method for producing a high-density plastic processed wood having excellent solidity and dimensional stability using general wood as a material, and the manufacturing process is simple and simple, and can be used for a wide range of industrial fields.
일반목재 소재는 비중이 1이하로서 경도가 낮고 금속이나 플라스틱 등과 같은 일반공업재료에 비하여 경도나 내구성 등이 약한 단점이 있는 반면에 용이한 가공성의 장점이 있다.General wood materials have a specific gravity of 1 or less, which is low in hardness and has weaknesses in hardness and durability compared to general industrial materials such as metal or plastic.
이러한 장점때문에 목재는 일상생활용품으로서 다양하게 이용되고 있으나, 표면경도가 약하고 수분에 대한 팽윤 및 수축율이 큰 관계로 할렬이나 뒤틀림 등의 결점을 수반하게 되므로 아름답고 자연스러운 미감을 갖거나 견고성과 내구성이 요구되는 용도의 소재로서는 사용하고 있지 못한 실정이다.Because of these advantages, wood is widely used as daily necessities, but due to its weak surface hardness and high swelling and shrinkage rate, it is accompanied by defects such as splitting and warping. It is a situation that is not used as the material of the intended use.
그러나 일반목재를 고밀도의 치수안정성이 뛰어난 목재소재로 가공한다면 공예용, 생활용, 건축자재, 공업용 소재 등 산업전분야에 걸쳐 다용도로 사용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.However, if general wood is processed into high-density dimensional stability wood material, it can be used in a variety of industries such as crafts, living, building materials, and industrial materials.
따라서 종래에도 목재로부터 고밀도 목재소재를 제공하기 위한 가공방법들이 제시되고 있다.Therefore, conventionally, processing methods for providing a high density wood material from wood has been proposed.
한 예로서 대추나무 등의 목재소재를 열압축하여 비중이 1이상인 고밀도 목재로 제조, 공예용, 인장재료 등으로 이용되고 있으나 수분흡습에 따른 팽윤 및 뒤틀림으로 인하여 불량율이 높을 뿐 아니라 목재원자재로부터 완제품을 제조할 수 있는 수율이 지극히 낮은 실정이다.As an example, wood materials such as jujube trees are thermally compressed to produce high-density wood with a specific gravity of 1 or more, and are used for crafts and tensile materials. Yield that can be produced is extremely low.
또한 상기 제조방법은 제조효율이 떨어지게 될 뿐 아니라 많은 에너지를 필요로 하게 되는 에너지 낭비형이며, 더구나 재료수율면에서 많은 손해가 야기되며, 극히 소규모의 가내수공업형태를 벗어날 수 없는 등의 단점이 있는 것으로서 치수안정성이 우수하면서도 제조공정이 간단한 고밀도 목재소재의 필요성이 요구되고 있는 실정이다.In addition, the manufacturing method is an energy waste type that not only decreases the manufacturing efficiency but also requires a lot of energy, moreover, causes a lot of damages in terms of material yield, and has a disadvantage in that it cannot escape the form of a very small domestic domestic industry. As such, there is a need for a high density wood material having excellent dimensional stability and simple manufacturing process.
본 발명은 이러한 종래의 제반 필요성을 충족시키기 위하여 제조공정이 간단하면서도 재료의 수율이 높고 치수안정성이 탁월한 양질의 고밀도 소성가공목재를 제공하고자 하는 것이다.The present invention is to provide a high-quality high-density plastic processed wood with a simple manufacturing process and high material yield and excellent dimensional stability in order to meet these conventional needs.
상기 목적을 달성하기 위하여 본 발명은 일반적으로 널리 사용되고 있는 목재를 소재로 하여, 열유압기(hot press)를 이용, 열압하여 고밀도 소성가공목재를 얻는 것이다.In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is to obtain a high-density plastic processed wood by hot pressing using a wood, which is generally widely used as a material, using a hot press (hot press).
상기에서 열유압하기전에 목재를 전처리하는 것이 바람직하며, 전처리 수단으로서는 조습(humidity control)에 의한 방법 및 상온수중에 침지하여 25∼30%정도의 섬유포화점 부근의 함수율상태까지 시험재를 건조하여 조습처리한다.It is preferable to pre-treat the wood before heat-hydraulic, and as a pretreatment means, by the method of humidity control and immersing in normal temperature water, the test material is dried to a water content near the fiber saturation point of about 25 to 30%. Humidity treatment.
이때 조습처리용액은 수분을 이용하여, 수분분무나 수분침지에 의해 목재의 초기함수율을 섬유포화점으로 조절할 수 있다.At this time, the humidity control solution may use moisture to adjust the initial water content of the wood to the fiber saturation point by water spraying or water immersion.
고밀도 목재소재를 제조하는 과정으로서는 두가지 방법으로 처리가능하다.There are two ways to process high density wood materials.
첫번째로는 전처리된 섬유포화점상태의 목재를 연화하지 않은 상태에서 열유압기로 1단계 또는 다단계 열압축한 상태에서 일정한 시간 방치후 분리하여 자연냉각한 압축목재를 기건상태로 조습처리하므로서 고밀도 목재소재를 얻는 것이다.First, high-density wood material is obtained by removing humidity after pre-treatment of fiber-saturated wood in a state of pre-treatment and separating it after a certain period of time in a state of thermal compression with one stage or multi-stage heat compression. To get.
또 다른 방법으로서는 목재소재를 30∼100℃범위의 온수중에서 열처리한 후, 섬유포화점부근의 함수율상태까지 목재를 건조, 조습한 다음 열유압기로서 1단계 또는 다단계로 열압축하고, 상기한 상태에서 일정시간 방치후 가공목재소재를 분리하여 자연냉각시켜 고밀도의 목재를 얻고, 상기 압축목재를 기건상태로 조습처리하여 고밀도 목재소재를 얻는 것이다.As another method, the wood material is heat-treated in hot water in the range of 30 to 100 ° C., and then the wood is dried and humidified to a moisture content near the fiber saturation point, and then thermally compressed in one or multiple stages as a thermohydraulic machine. After leaving for a certain time, the processed wood material is separated and naturally cooled to obtain high density wood, and the compressed wood is humidified in a dry state to obtain a high density wood material.
이때 첫번째 방법에서는 섬유포화점의 목재소재를 연화하지 않은 상태에서 단순 열유압처리하여 본 발명에서 얻고자 하는 고밀도 목재소재를 얻는 지극히 간단하고, 경제적인 면에서도 유리하지만 고온에서의 열연화가 없어 목재내 불균일 연화로 인한 마감재료의 부적합성을 초래할 가능성도 있다.At this time, in the first method, it is extremely simple and economically advantageous to obtain the high-density wood material obtained by the present invention by simple heat-hydraulic treatment without softening the wood material of the fiber saturation point. There is also the potential for incompatibility of the finishing material due to non-uniform softening.
종래의 기술을 보면 100℃이상의 고온에서 열연화전처리를 하게 되면 연화는 잘 되지만 목재성분의 유실 및 질량감소, 헤미셀롤로오스의 친수성 증가로 인하여 오히려 치수안정화 효과는 떨어지는 것으로 알려져 있다.According to the prior art, it is well known that the thermal softening pretreatment at a high temperature of 100 ° C. or higher results in softening, but the dimensional stabilization effect is inferior due to loss of wood components, mass loss, and increased hydrophilicity of hemicellulose.
또한 두번째 방법은 약한 온도에서의 온수열처리 공정을 추가로하여 처리하는 공정이 다소 번거롭지만, 제조완료된 고비중 목재의 치수안정성의 증가를 기대할 수가 있고, 열압축시 적절한 연화도를 조절할 수 있는 장점이 있다.In addition, the second method is a little cumbersome to add a hot water heat treatment process at a weak temperature, but it can be expected to increase the dimensional stability of the finished high-weight wood, and to control the appropriate softening degree during heat compression have.
따라서 상기 두가지 방법 중 조건에 맞게 어느 방법이든지 선택사용하는 것이 바람직할 것으로 판단된다.Therefore, it may be desirable to select and use any of the above two methods according to the conditions.
이하 본 발명의 실시예를 공정별로 상세히 설명한다.Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail for each process.
실시예 1Example 1
실시예 1에서는 목재소재를 조습 전처리하여 섬유포화점으로 조정한 다음 열유압에 의해 경도가 높고, 치수안정성(dimensional stability)이 탁월한 고밀도 소성가공목재를 제조하는 것이다.In Example 1, the wood material is adjusted to a fiber saturation point by humidity pretreatment, and then a high-density plastic processed wood having high hardness and excellent dimensional stability by thermal hydraulic pressure is manufactured.
제1공정 : 조습처리공정First step: humidity control process
가공하고자 하는 목재를 전처리하는 공정으로서 상기 전처리방법으로서는 조습(humidity control)에 의한 방법과 상온수중에 침지하여 섬유포화점(25∼30%)부근의 함수율상태까지 시험재를 건조하여 조습처리한다.As a pretreatment method for the wood to be processed, the pretreatment method is a method by humidity control and immersion in normal temperature water to dry and test the test material to a water content near fiber saturation point (25-30%).
조습처리용액은 수분을 이용하며 수분분무나 수분침지에 의해 목재의 초기함수율을 섬유포화점상태로 조절하므로서 조습처리공정이 완료된다.The humidity control solution uses water and the humidity control process is completed by adjusting the initial water content of the wood to the fiber saturation point state by water spraying or water immersion.
제2공정 : 고밀도 치수안정화 목재소재 제조공정2nd process: manufacturing process of high density dimensional stabilized wood material
제1공정에서 조습처리한 섬유포화점상태의 목재를 연화하지 않은 상태에서 150∼180℃의 열유압기로 1단 또는 다단계로 0.05∼1.5kgf/㎟의 압력으로 열압축한 상태에서 일정시간(10∼90분 정도) 방치후 분리시켜 자연냉각하고, 상기 목재를 기건상태로 조습처리하므로서 본 발명에서 얻고자 하는 고밀도 소성가공목재의 제조가 완료된다.In a state in which the wood of the humidified fiber saturation point in the first step is not softened, the heat is compressed at a pressure of 0.05 to 1.5 kgf / mm2 in a single stage or a multi-stage with a thermal oil pressure of 150 to 180 ° C. (10 ˜90 minutes) After separation, the mixture is naturally cooled, and the wood is humidified in a dry state, thereby completing the manufacture of the high-density plastic processed wood to be obtained in the present invention.
실시예 2Example 2
실시예 2에서는 저온 전처리 공정후에 목재소재를 조습처리하여 섬유포화점으로 조절하고, 상기 목재를 열압하여 경도가 높고, 치수안정성(dimensional stability)있는 고밀도 소성가공목재를 제조하는 것이다.In Example 2, after the low temperature pretreatment process, the wood material is treated with humidity to control the fiber saturation point, and the wood is hot pressed to produce high-density plastic processed wood having high hardness and dimensional stability.
제1공정 : 온수전처리 및 조습처리공정First step: pre-heating and humidity control
가공하고자 하는 목재를 30∼100℃ 범위의 온수중에서 2∼6시간 열처리한 후, 섬유포화점부근의 함수율 상태까지 목재를 건조시키면서 조습처리한다.The wood to be processed is heat treated in hot water in the range of 30 to 100 ° C. for 2 to 6 hours, followed by a humidity treatment while the wood is dried to a water content near the fiber saturation point.
제2공정 : 고밀도 치수안정화 목재소재 제조공정2nd process: manufacturing process of high density dimensional stabilized wood material
제1공정에서 온수처리후 섬유포화점부근의 함수율상태까지 조습된 목재를 150∼180℃의 열유압프레스기로서 1단계 또는 다단계로 0.5∼1.5kgf/㎟의 압력으로 압축하고, 상기한 상태에서 일정시간(10∼90분)방치한 다음 가공목재를 분리시켜 자연냉각하고, 상기 목재를 기건상태로 조습처리하므로서 본 발명에서 얻고자 하는 고밀도 소성가공목재를 제조하는 것이다.After the hot water treatment in the first step, the wood moistened to the moisture content near the fiber saturation point is compressed to a pressure of 0.5 to 1.5 kgf / mm2 in one or multiple stages using a thermo-hydraulic press at 150 to 180 ° C. After leaving for a time (10 to 90 minutes), the processed wood is separated and naturally cooled, and the wood is air-conditioned to prepare a high-density plastic processed wood to be obtained by the present invention.
따라서 본 발명은 목재를 화학약품등의 약품전처리를 행하지 않고, 일반목재를 열유압기를 이용하여 열압축한 다음 일정한 온도와 습도로 컨디셔닝처리하여 용도별로 건조하므로서 천연소재인 목재의 아름다운 무늬결을 표현과 동시에 치수안정성이 탁월한 고밀도 목재를 얻을 수 있게 되므로 공예용 및 건축용 자재 등 산업전분야에 걸쳐 다용도로 활용할 수 있게 되는 등의 효과가 있는 것이다.Therefore, the present invention is to express the beautiful pattern of the natural wood as a natural material by heat-compressing the general wood using a thermo-hydraulic and then conditioning the wood using a constant temperature and humidity without performing chemical pretreatment such as chemicals At the same time, it is possible to obtain a high-density wood with excellent dimensional stability, so that it can be used for a wide range of industries such as crafts and building materials.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR850001057A (en) * | 1983-07-18 | 1985-03-14 | 심재훈 | Granular molding of wood veneer |
| KR940003689A (en) * | 1992-08-06 | 1994-03-12 | 황권성 | Neck sculpture molding method |
| KR19980077357A (en) * | 1997-04-18 | 1998-11-16 | 김진구 | Wood board manufacturing method |
| KR20010081137A (en) * | 2001-08-06 | 2001-08-29 | 안선태 | Method for compressing dried wood |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR850001057A (en) * | 1983-07-18 | 1985-03-14 | 심재훈 | Granular molding of wood veneer |
| KR940003689A (en) * | 1992-08-06 | 1994-03-12 | 황권성 | Neck sculpture molding method |
| KR19980077357A (en) * | 1997-04-18 | 1998-11-16 | 김진구 | Wood board manufacturing method |
| KR20010081137A (en) * | 2001-08-06 | 2001-08-29 | 안선태 | Method for compressing dried wood |
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