KR100447506B1 - A Biofilteration Device For Eliminating Volatile Organic Chlorine Compound - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a biofiltration apparatus for removing volatile organic chlorine compounds, and in order to remove the volatile organic chlorine compounds with high efficiency, the organic chlorine compound is divided into a multi-stage reactor in which a volatile organic chlorine compound is supplied in a gas form. It is characterized by being oxidized by the degrading enzymes that microorganisms generate while being filtered and removed step by step.

Description

Biofiltration device for removing volatile organic chlorine compounds {A Biofilteration Device For Eliminating Volatile Organic Chlorine Compound}

The present invention relates to a biofiltration apparatus for allowing microorganisms based on toluene to be removed together with the toluene and volatile organochlorine compounds introduced into the reactor using a biofiltration method. The present invention relates to a biofiltration apparatus for removing volatile organochlorine compounds for dividing a reactor containing microorganisms into multiple stages so that the volatile organochlorine compounds may be filtered and removed step by step while descending into a gaseous form.

In general, as the use of organic solvents increases, various types of volatile organic compound (VOC) gases are emitted in various industrial processes.

The VOC gas causes photochemical oxidation with nitrogen oxides in the atmosphere. As a result, the ozone concentration of the surface is increased to cause serious environmental pollution and pollution problems such as smog.

In addition, the VOC gas has a lethal effect on the human body even at low concentrations, causing chronic or acute health problems, and in particular may cause cancer.

In particular, trichloroethylene, which is a kind of volatile organochlorine compound among the VOC gases, is a representative chlorine compound used in various industrial sites, and acetylene tetrachloride is added with calcium carbonate or alkali in the presence of water. It is a colorless liquid that is treated or obtained by fractional distillation of ethylene by chlorination. It is a non-combustible toxic organic solvent that is highly volatile and easily diffuses into the atmosphere.

TCE is particularly problematic among VOC gases because it is widely used in various industrial fields such as solvents, grease removers, and dry cleaning agents. For example, it has been recognized that its toxicity is lower than that of other organic solvents even when polluting soil.

Recently, however, it has been found that TCE not only causes cancer, but also causes genetic mutations, so it is classified as a Priority Pollutants and treated separately from COD, BOD, SS, and other pollutants. Among the hazardous substances related to drinking water regulated by the Act), they are designated and managed as Volatile Organic Chemicals.

Conventional techniques for removing TCE gas causing such a problem have been treated by a method of heating and burning, an air stripping method or an adsorption removal method using activated carbon.

However, the combustor not only causes excessive initial costs in terms of facilities, but also has high operating costs and causes problems such as secondary pollutant production.

In the case of adsorption, it takes a lot of cost and low efficiency to recover the solvent, and also a problem that most of the TCE gas is not well dissolved in water.

On the other hand, the biofiltration method is basically a removal technology that has a low initial cost and does not generate secondary pollutants. It is implicated.

In detail, various influence factors such as competition between chlorine compounds and carbon source substrates, activity of degrading enzymes, and toxicity of degrading intermediates to enzymes are complicated and consequently limited to the current experimental stage.

Therefore, by simplifying each process forming the biological treatment method, there is an urgent need for the development of a stable and universal technology that can be widely distributed to the general public.

Accordingly, the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and a first object of the present invention is to efficiently remove volatile organochlorine compounds using co-metabolism of microorganisms cultured with toluene as a stock. The present invention provides a biofiltration device for removing volatile organochlorine compounds.

And, the second object of the present invention is toluene is provided in step by step corresponding to the reactor divided step by step along the height direction to increase the culture efficiency of the microorganism and filter the volatile organochlorine step by step to further improve the removal efficiency. The present invention provides a biofiltration apparatus for removing volatile organochlorine compounds which can be removed step by step while descending into gaseous form.

The objects of the present invention, the volatile organochlorine compound in the form of gas is divided step by step along the height direction to be in contact with the microorganisms step by step,

A reactor 70 for randomly stacking ceramic fillers 71 in a chip form that can form a culture environment of the microorganisms so as to oxidize and remove the volatile organochlorine compound by a combibolism reaction;

A plurality of toluene impingers 50 which are connected to the reactor 70 step by step to contain liquid toluene in order to supply toluene to the energy source of the microorganisms;

A TCE impinger 40 connected to any one selected from the toluene impinger 50 and containing a liquid volatile organochlorine compound to supply a volatile organochlorine compound to the reactor 70 together with toluene;

A check valve 80 provided at an outlet of the toluene impinger 50 and the TCE impinger 40 to prevent backflow of the toluene and the volatile organochlorine compound supplied to the reactor 70; And

Mass flow rate for supplying high-pressure air at a constant flow rate is connected to the respective toluene impinger 50 and the TCE impinger 40 so as to volatilize the toluene and TCE to provide a gas form to the reactor 70 It is achieved by a biofiltration apparatus for removing volatile organochlorine compounds, characterized in that it comprises a controller (30) and an air pump (10).

Here, the nutrient dye is contained in the reactor 70 to provide the nutrient dye at a constant flow rate to the microorganism, and it is preferable that a stirrer 90 having a flow rate control pump 91 is further connected to one side.

In addition, the reactor 70 preferably further includes a water jacket 72 including water of a predetermined temperature so that the internal temperature is kept constant while the conducted heat is convection.

In addition, it is preferable that the mass flow rate checker 35, which can check the mass flow rate for each unit time, is further electrically connected to each of the mass flow rate controllers 30.

In addition, the TCE impinger 40 contains water so as to adjust the concentration of the volatile organochlorine compound and toluene supplied with the same while supplying constant moisture in the reactor 70 by vaporizing water with high pressure air continuously introduced therein. It is preferable that the water impinger 60 is further connected.

In addition, the air pump 10 is a pneumatic regulator for regulating and supplying the pressure of the discharged air to the filtration filter 11 and the respective mass flow controller 30 to remove moisture and foreign matter mixed in the discharged air It is preferable that 20 is further provided.

Other objects, specific advantages and novel features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description and the preferred embodiments associated with the accompanying drawings.

1 is a block diagram of a biofiltration device for removing an organic chlorine compound according to the present invention,

Figure 2 is a graph comparing the removal efficiency according to the TCE inlet concentration in the biofiltration apparatus according to the present invention compared with the conventional filtration device.

<Description of the code | symbol about the principal part of drawing>

10: air pump 11: filtration filter

20: pneumatic regulator 30: mass flow controller

35: Mass flow checkbox 40: TCE impinger

50: toluene impinger 60: water impinger

70: reactor 71: ceramic filling

72: water jacket 80: check valve

90: stirrer 91: flow control pump

100: biofiltration

Next, a description will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings of a biofilter for removing a volatile organochlorine compound according to the present invention.

1 is a block diagram of a biofilter for removing an organic chlorine compound according to the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, the biofiltration device 100 according to the present invention implements a biofiltration method for removing volatile organic chlorine compounds (hereinafter abbreviated as TCE for convenience of description) by a co-metabolism reaction of microorganisms. In this case, the reactor 70 including the microorganism is in the form of a multi-step divided to increase the filtration and removal efficiency of the TCE.

The biofiltration device 100 is a portion for supplying air at a substantially constant flow rate and pressure, the portion for volatilizing TCE and toluene through the supplied air to the reactor 70 in the form of a gas, and the provided TCE and toluene It is composed of parts that are biologically filtered and removed.

As a part for supplying air, a filtration filter 11 is connected to the air pump 10 and the air pump 10 to remove foreign substances such as dust mixed with air, and water.

In addition, the filtration filter 11 is provided with five pneumatic regulators 20 are branched pipe connection to constantly adjust the pressure of the air provided through the filtration filter 11 in the air pump 10.

In addition, each of the pneumatic regulators 20 is connected to one by one mass flow rate controller 30, the air flow rate constant air is also constantly adjusted, and the mass flow rate controller 30 has a common mass It is electrically connected to the flow rate check box 35 can check the mass flow rate of air per unit time.

Therefore, the operator can check the flow rate of the mass flow rate check box 35 over time and adjust the mass flow rate of air supplied to each component.

In addition, one TCE impinger 40, three toluene impingers 50, and one water impinger 60 are connected to each of the mass flow rate controllers 30 to continuously supply air of a constant pressure and a constant flow rate. To supply.

The TCE impinger 40 is a liquid TCE is contained in the inner side, the air is supplied to the reactor 70 in the form of gas by volatilizing the TCE.

And the toluene impinger 50 is toluene is contained in the inner side, is also volatilized by the supply of air is provided to the reactor 70 in the form of a gas, the toluene provided as a stock of microorganisms cultured in the reactor 70 Function.

The water impeller 60 is vaporized by the air in which the water contained in the inner side is provided to the reactor 70, wherein the water impeller 60 is close to one of the three toluene impinger (50) Two toluene impinger 50 and the TCE impinger 40 is eventually supplied to the reactor 70 together with TCE and toluene in gaseous form.

This supply of water is to increase the culture efficiency by providing a more suitable culture environment (humidity) to the microorganism of the reactor 70, and to dilute the TCE and toluene to have a constant concentration.

In particular, the TCE is decomposed by filtration and removal when the microorganism ingests and decomposes toluene. When the concentration is excessive, the filtration and removal efficiency of the microorganism decreases, and therefore, an appropriate concentration should be maintained.

Meanwhile, in addition to the toluene impinger 50 connected to the TCE impinger 40, the remaining two toluene impingers 50 are connected to correspond to the reactor 70 divided by stages, and are volatilized into the inflowing air. It is provided to the reactor 70 in gaseous form.

At this time, the check valves 80 are separately installed at the outlets of the impingers 40, 50, and 60, respectively, to prevent backflow of the TCE and toluene generated in the form of gas.

The reactor 70 to which the TCE and toluene are supplied is divided into three stages along the height direction, and has a cylindrical container having a height of about 950 cm and a diameter of about 10 cm. The main material is glass for easy visual identification.

The toluene impinger 50 and the water impinger 60 connected to the TCE impinger 40 and the TCE impinger 40 in the reactor 70 are connected to the top of the reactor 70, the middle portion One toluene impinger 50 is connected to each of the lower and lower stages step by step.

In addition, in the reactor 70, ceramic fillers 71 in the form of chips are randomly stacked in each stage, and microorganisms are cultured based on the ceramic fillers 71.

The microorganism is a type of toluene oxidizing bacteria used for environmental purification and is an aerobic bacterium using organic carbon as an energy source, and does not undergo fermentation metabolism. In particular, it uses various hydrocarbons as a single carbon source and electron donor to generate energy.

However, the TCE does not decompose well under aerobic conditions and decomposes into a highly toxic substance under anaerobic conditions.

However, the TCE is characterized by being decomposed by an enzyme called Oxygenase. The microorganism generates an enzyme called toluene dioxygenase while being cultured using a carbon source as a substrate.

At this time, the activity of the enzyme is started due to a substance called NADH. Since the NADH is generated during the decomposition of the toluene, which is introduced as an energy source, the TCE can be decomposed under aerobic conditions by the toluene dioxygenes enzyme. In this way, a series of processes in which the additional synthase is oxidized with the TCE is called cometabolism.

Since the microorganisms generate enzymes most actively within a temperature range of about 15 ° C. to 35 ° C., the conductive heat is convexed on the outside of the reactor 70 so that the temperature can be kept constant. The water jacket 72 which contains the water of the water temperature of about degreeC is provided.

In addition, the upper part of the reactor 70 is connected to the stirrer 90 containing the nutrient dye so that the nutrient dye is provided to the microorganism, the stirrer 90 is to be introduced into the reactor 70 at a constant flow rate The flow control pump 91 is provided.

Therefore, the TCE gas provided with the toluene in the reactor 70 descends from the top to the bottom of the reactor and comes into contact with the microorganisms which toluene injected step by step in the ceramic fillers 71 stacked step by step as energy sources.

Then, the enzyme that causes the microorganism to produce toluene as a substrate is oxidized by the co-metabolism with the TCE gas, and thus is released to the lower portion of the reactor 70 in the form of relatively pure air and moisture from which the TCE component is removed.

Figure 2 is a graph comparing the removal efficiency according to the TCE inlet concentration in the biofiltration apparatus according to the present invention compared with the conventional filtration device.

As shown in FIG. 2, in the graph, the X-axis is the TCE inflow concentration (ug / L), and the Y-axis is the TCE removal efficiency (%), in which toluene is directly injected directly from the top of the reactor 70 (Single-step). Compared to the existing form of the feeding, and the reactor 70 according to the present invention to the multi-step feeding (Multi-step Feeding).

In case of multi-stage injection, it can be seen that it increased by 10 ~ 30% compared with the existing form. This is because the existing reactor 70 forms the inflow of toluene gas at the upper part, so that most of the toluene is removed from the upper part and relatively This is because the amount of TCE removal is significantly smaller than that of the injection part because the growth of microorganisms and the production of degrading enzymes are relatively small.

In contrast, in the present invention, by dividing and loading the load of toluene over the height of the reactor 70, since the concentration of toluene is constant throughout the reactor 70, the microbial proliferation and enzyme production are uniform, so that the removal efficiency of TCE is improved. You can increase it.

In the biofiltration apparatus for removing a volatile organic chlorine compound according to the present invention as described above, the reactor 70 may be used by varying the degree of classification according to the amount of TCE to be removed, in addition to being divided into three stages. have

In addition, the tube connecting each of the components may be used in the alternative of Teflon tube (Teflon Tube) or stainless steel pipe to prevent the adsorption of TCE and toluene.

In the biofiltration apparatus for removing a volatile organochlorine compound according to the present invention as described above, toluene gas is injected step by step to improve the proliferation rate and enzyme generation rate of cultured microorganisms.

In the conventional biofiltration reactor, toluene is injected all at once, while TCE removal efficiency is lowered due to the competitive inhibition of TCE and toluene, whereas in the reactor of the present invention, the injection of toluene is made throughout the reactor. The amount of enzyme generated for the removal of is uniform throughout the reactor, and the TCE gas is lowered, thereby oxidizing and removing the enzyme step by step.

Although the present invention has been described in connection with the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, various other modifications and variations may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, it is intended that the appended claims cover such modifications and variations as fall within the true scope of the invention.

Claims (6)

The volatile organochlorine compound in the gas form is divided step by step along the height direction to be in contact with the microorganism step by step, the culture of the microorganism to oxidize and remove the volatile organochlorine compound by a combobolism reaction A reactor 70 in which ceramic fillers 71 in a chip form capable of creating an environment are randomly stacked in each step; A plurality of toluene impingers 50 which are connected to the reactor 70 step by step to contain liquid toluene in order to supply toluene to the energy source of the microorganisms; A TCE impinger 40 connected to any one selected from the toluene impinger 50 and containing a liquid volatile organochlorine compound to supply a volatile organochlorine compound to the reactor 70 together with toluene; A check valve 80 provided at an outlet of the toluene impinger 50 and the TCE impinger 40 to prevent backflow of the toluene and the volatile organochlorine compound supplied to the reactor 70; And Mass flow rate for supplying high-pressure air at a constant flow rate is connected to the respective toluene impinger 50 and the TCE impinger 40 so as to volatilize the toluene and TCE to provide a gas form to the reactor 70 The controller 30 and the air pump 10; Biofiltration apparatus for removing volatile organic chlorine compounds, characterized in that comprises a. The method of claim 1, The reactor 70 is contained in the nutrient dye to provide the nutrient dye at a constant flow rate to the microorganism, volatile organic chlorine characterized in that the stirrer 90 is provided with a flow control pump 91 is further connected to one side Biofiltration device for compound removal. The method of claim 1, The reactor 70 has a water jacket 72 including a water of a constant temperature is further provided on the outside so that the inside temperature is kept constant while the conducting heat is convection, the organism for removing volatile organic chlorine compounds, characterized in that Filtration device. The method of claim 1, Each mass flow controller (30) is a biofiltration apparatus for removing volatile organic chlorine compounds, characterized in that the mass flow rate check box (35) which can check the mass flow rate for each unit time is further connected. The method of claim 1, The TCE impinger 40 contains water so as to control the concentration of the volatile organic chlorine compound and toluene supplied with the same while supplying constant water in the reactor 70 by vaporizing water with continuously flowing high pressure air. Biofiltration apparatus for removing volatile organochlorine compounds, characterized in that the water impinger 60 is further connected. The method of claim 1, The air pump 10 is a pneumatic regulator for controlling and supplying the pressure of the discharged air to the filtration filter 11 and the mass flow controller 30 for removing water and foreign matter mixed in the discharged air ( 20) Biofiltration device for removing volatile organochlorine compound, characterized in that is further provided.