KR100445661B1 - Single Phase Motor - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a single-phase switched reluctance motor to which an auxiliary braking magnet is added so that the ring magnet and the parking magnet of the rotor have a stable positional relationship so that the rotor of the motor is braked and waiting to be driven in a torque generating area in a direction to be controlled. By

A stator and a rotor having n protrusions formed thereon, a ring magnet having n poles and n poles arranged in a ring shape on the upper circumferential surface of the rotor, and a parking magnet disposed to face the ring magnet. A main braking magnet for braking the rotor using an attractive force acting between the ring magnet and the parking magnet, and n / 2 N poles and S arranged in a ring shape on the lower circumferential surface of the rotor. It consists of a ring magnet having a pole and a parking magnet disposed opposite to the ring magnet, and an auxiliary braking magnet for stabilizing the position of the main braking magnet at all times by an attractive force acting between the ring magnet and the parking magnet. follow,

As the rotor waits to be driven in the forward torque generating region and is always rotated forward, it is possible to improve the accuracy and reliability of the motor control and to perform a fast motor driving by eliminating a separate calibration step for aligning the driving standby position of the rotor. Do.

Description

Single Phase Switched Reluctance Motor {Single Phase Motor}

Hereinafter, the configuration and operation of the single-phase switched reluctance motor of the related art will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6.

FIG. 1 is a driving circuit diagram of a typical single phase switched reluctance motor, and FIG. 2 is a structural cross-sectional view of a rotor for braking a conventional single phase switched reluctance motor.

A single phase switched reluctance motor (SRM) includes a driver (not shown), a stator (20) wound around field coils (W1 to W3) receiving current from the driver, and the stator (20). It consists of a rotor (Rotor, 10) is rotated by the reluctance torque generated between the stator 20 when the current flows in the field coil in the inner side of.

The stator 20 includes a yoke formed in a cylindrical shape having an upper and lower sides open, a plurality of protrusions protruding at regular intervals from the inner wall of the yoke to the rotor 10 located at the center of the yoke, and wound on the protrusions. It consists of field coils W1 to W3.

The rotor 10 has a plurality of cores protruding from the circumference of the circumferentially spaced six protrusions are formed to form a rotor core 18, the center of the rotor 10 to transmit the driving force of the motor The rotary shaft 17 is driven to rotate together with the rotor 10. There are bearings 19 at the top and bottom for the lower support and rotation of the rotor 10, the core 18 of which is located between the upper and lower bearings 19.

The driving unit receives a detection signal from the sensor means 30 such as a plurality of optical sensors or hall sensors for detecting the position or speed of the rotor 10 to turn on the switch connected to a pair of field coils facing each other sequentially The current is conducted as it generates a drive pulse that turns on / off.

Single-phase switched reluctance motor has two switches (SW1, SW2), the switch is turned on / off at the same time, the switch connects two opposite poles and at the same time wrap the field coil (W1 to W) around the poles W3) is connected so that the current applied from the driver flows to the field coil.

When a current flows in the field coil, a reluctance torque is generated between the stator 20 and the rotor 10 to be rotated and driven in a direction in which the magnetic resistance is minimized.

In addition, the switched reluctance motor uses a magnetic force to wait for the rotor 10 to be driven at a specific position so that it can be driven to rotate in a single direction, the two magnets that cause the magnetic force of the rotor 10 A ring magnet 15 formed in a ring shape on a circumferential surface thereof, and a parking magnet 16 formed with mutual magnetic force with the ring magnet 15 are fixed to a position parallel to the ring magnet 15 so that the rotor 10 is fixed. The rotor 10 is fixed to a specific position by mutual attraction acting on the two magnets when is in a stationary state, which is illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3.

3 is a configuration diagram of a ring magnet and a parking magnet of a conventional single-phase switched reluctance motor, as shown in the number of N poles and S poles is equal to the number of protrusion poles (6), respectively. In addition, the parking magnet 16 has a single N-pole and S-pole having the same width as that of the ring magnet 15, and are located opposite the ring magnet.

The rotation period per pole of the rotor is equal to 360 degrees / 6, and the period of the waveform output by the sensor means according to the magnetic change of the N pole is also equal to 360 degrees / 6. This is equivalent to the pulse waveform generated by the sensor means of the conventional single phase switched reluctance motor of FIG.

The sensor means 30 is composed of a first sensor (S1) and a second sensor (S2), and generates a pulse signal by detecting a change in the magnetic force line of the ring magnet (15). The pulse signal generated from the first sensor is called a first pulse signal, and the pulse signal generated from the second sensor is called a second pulse signal. The driving unit induces rotation of the motor by applying a driving pulse to the stator in a logical common section of the rising signal of the first sensor, the rising signal of the second sensor, and the falling signal of the first sensor output from the sensor means. The rotation speed of the motor may be controlled by adjusting the width of the driving pulse.

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a stable balanced position (SEP) of a rotor of a conventional single phase switched reluctance motor, and FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an unstable equilibrium position (UEP) of a rotor of a conventional single phase switched reluctance motor. 7 is a diagram illustrating an alignment step of a rotor of a conventional single phase switched reluctance motor.

The positional relationship between the ring magnet 15 and the parking magnet 16 is set to a stable equilibrium position (SEP) or an unstable equilibrium position (UEP) when the single phase switched reluctance motor is waiting to be driven. Assuming that the direction (forward direction) to be controlled is a counterclockwise direction, when the rotor 10 braked between 0 to +30 degrees is driven again, the protrusion A of the stator 20 to which current is applied. The pole pole A 'of the rotor 10 close to) is rotated in a direction to be matched, that is, counterclockwise, wherein the ring magnet and the parking magnet are opposed to each other so that the attraction force acts on each other. Is called the stable equilibrium position.

However, as shown in FIG. 6, when the driving pulse is applied while the rotor 10 is braked at -30 to 0 degrees, the motor rotates in the clockwise direction, thereby causing an abnormal control of the device in which the motor is embedded. As the magnet 15 and the parking magnet 16 are opposite to each other, only the repulsive force is generated between the same poles, so that the left and right alignment of the rotor 10 is impossible due to mutual attraction. It is called (UEP). When the ring magnet 15 and the parking magnet 16 form a relationship between the UEP, the rotor 10 is rotated in the reverse direction, which causes a failure of the device such as deterioration of the durability of the motor.

Therefore, when the rotor is braked in the UEP, as shown in FIG. 7, the motor driving unit applies an alignment pulse for a predetermined time before the driving pulse is applied to the salient pole A ′ of the rotor 10 and the salient poles of the stator 20. After A) was completely matched, it was inconvenient to separately perform a correction step to block the alignment pulse so that the salient pole A 'of the rotor was fixed between 0 to 30 degrees. As a result, the speed of the motor control is lowered, which causes inconvenience in using a device in which the motor is embedded.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems of the prior art, the object of which is to brake in an area in which the rotor can be rotated in the direction to be controlled without a separate correction step for aligning the driving standby position of the rotor It is to provide an additionally equipped single-phase switched reluctance motor, in which auxiliary braking magnets are provided such that the positional relationship of the main braking magnets is in a stable equilibrium.

1 is a driving circuit diagram of a typical single phase switched reluctance motor;

2 is a structural cross-sectional view of a rotor for braking a conventional single phase switched reluctance motor;

3 is a configuration diagram of a ring magnet and a parking magnet of a conventional single-phase switched reluctance motor,

4 is a diagram showing a pulse waveform generated by the sensor means of the conventional single-phase switched reluctance motor,

5 shows the unstable equilibrium position (UEP) of a rotor of a conventional single phase switched reluctance motor,

6 is a diagram illustrating an alignment step of a rotor of a conventional single-phase switched reluctance motor,

7 is a structural cross-sectional view of a rotor for braking the single-phase switched reluctance motor of the present invention;

8 is an exploded view showing the first positional relationship between the main magnet and the auxiliary magnet of the single-phase switched reluctance motor of the present invention;

9 is an exploded view showing a second positional relationship between a main magnet and an auxiliary magnet of the single-phase switched reluctance motor of the present invention;

10 is an exploded view showing the third positional relationship between the main magnet and the auxiliary magnet of the single-phase switched reluctance motor of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is an exploded view showing a fourth positional relationship between a main magnet and an auxiliary magnet of the single phase switched reluctance motor of the present invention. FIG.

<Explanation of symbols on main parts of the drawings>

10: rotor A ': rotor pole

20: stator A: pole of stator

150, 151: Ring Magnet 160, 161: Parking Magnet

155: main braking magnet 156: auxiliary braking magnet

17,170: axis of rotation 18,180: rotor core

19,190: bearing 30,300: sensor

W1, W2, W3: Field coil SW1, SW2: Switch

According to a feature of the present invention for solving the above problems, the stator is formed n inner poles and the field coil is wound on the inner pole, and the electromagnetic force generated between the stator and n outer poles formed outside The ring is composed of a rotor rotated by a ring magnet having n poles and n poles arranged in a ring shape on the upper circumferential surface of the rotor, and a parking magnet disposed opposite to the ring magnet. A main braking magnet for braking the rotor by the attraction force acting between the magnet and the parking magnet, and n / 2 N poles and S poles arranged in a ring shape on the lower circumferential surface of the rotor. The subject is composed of a ring magnet and a parking magnet disposed opposite the ring magnet, using an attraction force acting between the ring magnet and the parking magnet. And an auxiliary braking magnet for stabilizing the position of the magnet, and sensor means for detecting a change in the magnetic field between the main braking magnet when the rotor rotates to detect the position and speed information of the rotor. It is done.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the rotor for braking the single phase switched reluctance motor of the present invention, and the rotor structure of the single phase switched reluctance motor of the present invention will be described in detail. FIG.

The rotor has a rotor core 180 is formed by stacking cores protruding six protrusions at a predetermined interval to the outside of the circumference, and the rotating shaft 170 for transmitting the driving force of the motor is driven to rotate in the center with the rotor do.

Bearings 190 are provided at the top and bottom of the rotor to support and rotate the rotor, and the core 180 of the rotor is positioned between the upper and lower bearings 190.

The ring magnets 150 and 151 are molded by a mold material between one of the inner and outer surfaces of the rotor by a mold material to be fixed to the rotating shaft, or fixed to the end of the rotating shaft and fixed to the rotor. It is rotated integrally.

In addition, the switched reluctance motor uses a magnetic force to be braked at a specific position to drive rotation in the forward direction to be controlled, the two magnets that induce the magnetic ring ring ring 150 formed in the circumferential surface of the rotor And a parking magnet 160 having mutual magnetic force formed with the ring magnet 150, collectively referred to as a main braking magnet 155.

The ring magnet 150 may be arranged horizontally on any one of the inner and outer circumferential surfaces of the rotor, and the parking magnet 160 may be fixed to a position opposite to the ring magnet to brake the rotor when the rotor is braked. The rotor is fixed by mutual attraction acting on the magnet.

The ring magnet 150 has an N pole and an S pole alternately arranged left and right, and the N pole and the S pole are present as many as the number of poles. Therefore, the rotation period of the N pole and the S pole is 60 degrees, and the rotation period of the N <-> S pole is 30 degrees. In addition, the parking magnet 160 is composed of N poles and S poles having the same spacing as the N pole and S pole of the ring magnet 150, a single N pole in terms of simple structure and cost can be saved And an S pole.

The main braking magnet 155 is disposed at the upper end of the rotor, and the auxiliary braking magnet 156 is disposed at the lower end of the rotor to stabilize the positional relationship of the main braking magnet 155. However, when the main braking magnet 155 is disposed at the bottom of the rotor, the auxiliary braking magnet 156 may be located at the top.

The stable equilibrium position (SEP) is a position where different poles face each other so that an attractive force acts between the ring magnet 150 and the parking magnet 160 of the main braking magnet, and the rotor pole is an area where forward rotation torque is generated. Brake on to wait for operation. However, in the unstable equilibrium position (UEP) where the ring magnet of the main braking magnet and the parking magnet are opposite to each other, and the mutual repulsive force acts, the rotor pole is braked in the region where the reverse rotation torque is generated and waits for driving. When a driving pulse is applied, the rotor rotates in the reverse direction, which may cause failure and wear of the motor. Therefore, the auxiliary braking magnet is used so that such an unstable equilibrium position relationship does not exist.

The auxiliary braking magnet 156 is composed of a ring magnet 151 having N poles / two poles (three in the present embodiment) and a parking magnet 161 disposed to face the ring magnet. Therefore, the rotation period of the N-> N pole of the ring magnet 151 is 120 degrees, and the rotation period of the N <-> S pole is 60 degrees. In addition, the parking magnet 161 is composed of an N pole and an S pole having the same distance as the N pole and the S pole of the ring magnet, and a single N pole and S pole in terms of simple structure and cost can be saved. Preferably configured.

9 to 12 show possible positional relations between the main braking magnet 155 and the auxiliary braking magnet 156 of the single-phase switched reluctance motor of the present invention. Since the number of N poles formed on the ring magnet of the main braking magnet is the same as the number of n poles (n = 6 in this embodiment), the period from the N-> N poles is 360 degrees / 6, which is 60 And the period of the N pole-> S pole or the S-> N pole is 30 degrees. 9 to 12 illustrate the positional relationship between the rotor and the parking magnets 160 and 161 which are arranged while rotating the rotor and the ring magnets 150 and 151 integrally rotated by 30 degrees. For convenience, the N pole, which is a standard, was bolded.

As shown in FIG. 9, the boundary line between the poles of the main braking magnet 155 and the boundary line between the poles of the auxiliary braking magnet 156 are initially disposed to be located on a vertical straight line. Therefore, the ring magnet 150 of the main braking magnet 155 and the ring magnet 151 of the auxiliary braking magnet 156 are located on a vertical straight line, and the parking magnet 160 of the main braking magnet 155 The parking magnet 161 of the auxiliary braking magnet 156 is located on a vertical straight line.

When the ring magnets 150 and 151 of the main braking magnet 155 and the auxiliary braking magnet 156 rotate by 30 degrees from the state of FIG. 9, the main braking magnet is parked with the ring magnet 150. As the magnets 160 are arranged to face the same poles, they become an unstable equilibrium position UEP at which mutual repulsive forces act. However, as the auxiliary braking magnet 156 has a positional relationship in which different poles face each other, the attraction force acts, so that the parking magnet 161 of the auxiliary braking magnet rotates the rotor to the left. Therefore, the positional relationship of the main braking magnet becomes a stable equilibrium position SEP, as shown in FIG. 9.

Therefore, the positional relation that forms the unstable equilibrium of the main braking magnet 155 is naturally aligned by mutual attraction of the auxiliary braking magnet 156 so that the main braking magnet 155 has a stable positional relationship.

When rotating 30 degrees in the state of FIG. 10 has a positional relationship as shown in FIG. 11, where the positional relationship of the main braking magnet 155 has a stable equilibrium position, the rotor poles wait to be driven in the forward rotational torque generating region. do. At this time, the unstable equilibrium position of the auxiliary braking magnet 156 does not affect the rotation direction of the rotor.

When rotated 30 degrees in the state of FIG. 11 has a positional relationship as shown in FIG. 12, in which the ring magnet 150 and the parking magnet 160 of the main braking magnet 155 face the same pole so that mutual repulsive force acts. Has an unstable equilibrium position. At this time, the ring magnet 151 and the parking magnet 161 of the auxiliary braking magnet 156 are mutually attracted as the different poles face each other, so that the rotor rotates to the right and eventually the positional relationship of the main braking magnet Is to maintain a stable equilibrium.

Therefore, since the positional relationship between the main braking magnets 155 of FIGS. 9 and 12 is naturally aligned by mutual attraction of the auxiliary braking magnets 156, the positional relations of the primary braking magnets 156 are always maintained in a stable equilibrium positional relationship, and thus, the positional relations of the main braking magnets 156 become unmaintainable. The reverse rotation of the rotor due to the unstable balance position of the main braking magnet 155 does not occur.

As described above, the present invention has been described using an example of a single-phase switched reluctance motor in which the number of salient poles of the stator and the rotor is six, but the number of salient poles and the position of the magnet may be changed according to the system to which the motor is applied. .

The single-phase switched reluctance motor of the present invention configured as described above has one-half of the number of poles of the rotor and stator to prevent the reverse rotation generated when the motor rotor is braked in the reverse torque generating region by the main braking magnet. An additional brake magnet composed of a ring magnet composed of an N pole and an S pole and a parking magnet composed of a single N pole and an S pole having the same width as the pole of the ring magnet is additionally mounted so that the rotor is always in the forward direction. By waiting to drive in the torque generating region, it is possible to improve the accuracy and reliability of the motor control, and also to perform the fast motor driving without the need for a separate correction step for aligning the driving standby position of the rotor.

Claims (7)

A stator having n protrusions formed inward and a field coil wound around the protrusions; A rotor formed with n protrusions on the outside and rotated by an electromagnetic force generated between the stators; A ring magnet having n N poles and S poles arranged in a ring shape on an upper circumferential surface of the rotor, and a parking magnet disposed opposite the ring magnet to act between the ring magnet and the parking magnet. A main braking magnet for braking the rotor by using attraction force; A ring magnet having n / 2 N poles and S poles arranged in a ring shape on a lower circumferential surface of the rotor, and a parking magnet disposed opposite to the ring magnet, between the ring magnet and the parking magnet. An auxiliary braking magnet which stabilizes the position of the main braking magnet by using an attractive attraction force; Single phase switched reluctance motor, characterized in that it comprises a sensor means for detecting a change in the magnetic field between the main braking magnet when the rotor rotates to detect the position and speed information of the rotor. The method of claim 1, And a boundary line between the poles of the main braking magnet and a boundary line between the poles of the auxiliary braking magnet is disposed so as to be located in a vertical straight line. The method of claim 1, The ring magnet of the primary braking magnet and the secondary braking magnet is fixed to any one of the inner and outer surfaces of the rotor. The method of claim 1, The ring magnet of the main braking magnet and the auxiliary braking magnet is characterized in that the N pole and the S pole are arranged along the direction perpendicular to the rotation axis of the rotor alternately left and right. The method of claim 1, And the ring magnets of the primary braking magnet and the secondary braking magnet are fixed to the rotational axis of the rotor to be integrally rotated with the rotor. The method of claim 1, The parking magnet of the main braking magnet is composed of N pole and S pole having the same pole spacing as the ring magnet of the main braking magnet. The method of claim 1, The parking magnet of the auxiliary braking magnet is composed of N pole and S pole having the same pole spacing as the ring magnet of the auxiliary braking magnet.