KR100436568B1 - Preparation method of composite explosives comprising fine potassium perchlorate using ultrasonic waves - Google Patents

Preparation method of composite explosives comprising fine potassium perchlorate using ultrasonic waves Download PDF

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KR100436568B1
KR100436568B1 KR10-2001-0069842A KR20010069842A KR100436568B1 KR 100436568 B1 KR100436568 B1 KR 100436568B1 KR 20010069842 A KR20010069842 A KR 20010069842A KR 100436568 B1 KR100436568 B1 KR 100436568B1
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potassium perchlorate
ultrasonic waves
mixed
powder
metal powder
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KR10-2001-0069842A
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KR20030039041A (en
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한정식
류병태
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국방과학연구소
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06BEXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B29/00Compositions containing an inorganic oxygen-halogen salt, e.g. chlorate, perchlorate
    • C06B29/02Compositions containing an inorganic oxygen-halogen salt, e.g. chlorate, perchlorate of an alkali metal
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06BEXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B21/00Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
    • C06B21/0008Compounding the ingredient
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06BEXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B27/00Compositions containing a metal, boron, silicon, selenium or tellurium or mixtures, intercompounds or hydrides thereof, and hydrocarbons or halogenated hydrocarbons

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Compounds Of Heavy Metals (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

본 발명은 초음파를 이용하여 미세한 크기의 과염소산칼륨을 비슷한 크기의 금속분말과 효과적으로 혼화하여 혼합화약을 제조하는 방법에 관한 것이다. 본 발명에 따라 분산제 내에 초음파를 이용하여 과염소산칼륨을 분산시킨 다음, 금속 분말을 첨가하고, 침전제를 이용하여 혼화함으로써, 미세한 크기의 과염소산칼륨 입자 사이의 뭉침현상을 방지하여 산화제와 금속 연료의 균일한 혼화가 가능한 제조방법을 제공한다.The present invention relates to a method for preparing a mixed powder by effectively mixing fine-sized potassium perchlorate with a similar size metal powder using ultrasonic waves. According to the present invention, potassium perchlorate is dispersed in a dispersant using ultrasonic waves, and then metal powder is added and mixed using a precipitant to prevent agglomeration between finely sized potassium perchlorate particles, thereby providing uniform uniformity of the oxidizing agent and the metal fuel. It provides a manufacturing method that can be mixed.

Description

미세 과염소산칼륨이 포함된 혼합화약의 초음파를 이용한 제조방법{PREPARATION METHOD OF COMPOSITE EXPLOSIVES COMPRISING FINE POTASSIUM PERCHLORATE USING ULTRASONIC WAVES}Preparation method using ultrasonic wave of mixed powder containing fine potassium perchlorate {PREPARATION METHOD OF COMPOSITE EXPLOSIVES COMPRISING FINE POTASSIUM PERCHLORATE USING ULTRASONIC WAVES}

본 발명은 미세한 크기를 갖는 과염소산칼륨의 혼화방법에 관한 것이다. 보다 구체적으로는 초음파를 이용하여 미세한 크기의 과염소산칼륨을 비슷한 크기의 금속 분말과 혼화하여 혼합화약을 제조하는 방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a method for admixing potassium perchlorate having a fine size. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for preparing a mixed powder by mixing fine size potassium perchlorate with a similar size metal powder using ultrasonic waves.

민수용 뿐 아니라 군수용으로 널리 사용되는 혼합화약을 제조하는 종래의 방법으로는 손에 의한 혼화 또는 혼화기를 이용한 혼화 등이 이용되어 왔다. 이와 같은 혼화방법은 수백 ㎛ 내지 수십 ㎛ 정도의 비교적 입자 크기가 큰 과염소산칼륨의 경우에는 매우 효과적인 것으로 알려져 있다. 그러나, 이와 같은 방법으로 직경이 수 ㎛ 크기인 미세 과염소산칼륨을 혼화할 경우, 과염소산칼륨 입자가 서로 엉기는 현상이 현저하게 발생하여 금속 분말 입자와의 균일한 혼화가 불가능하게 되고, 이 경우 균일화에 따른 점화 신뢰도를 얻을 수 없는 문제점이 있다. 그러므로, 미세한 크기를 갖는 과염소산칼륨이 비슷한 크기의 금속분말과 균일하게 혼합되어 있는 혼합화약을 제조하는 방법을 개발하는 것이 필요하다.As a conventional method of preparing a mixed powder widely used not only for civil use but also for military use, mixing by hand or mixing using a blender has been used. Such a mixing method is known to be very effective in the case of potassium perchlorate having a relatively large particle size of several hundred μm to several tens of μm. However, in the case of mixing fine potassium perchlorate having a diameter of several μm in this manner, the phenomenon of the potassium perchlorate particles being entangled with each other remarkably occurs, which makes it impossible to uniformly mix with the metal powder particles. There is a problem that can not be obtained according to the ignition reliability. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a method for producing a mixed powder in which potassium perchlorate having a fine size is uniformly mixed with a metal powder having a similar size.

본 발명의 목적은 미세 과염소산칼륨과 비슷한 입자 크기를 갖는 금속분말이 균일하게 혼화되어 있는 혼합화약을 경제적이고 안전하게 제조하는 방법을 제공하는 것이다.An object of the present invention is to provide a method for economically and safely preparing a mixed powder in which metal powder having a particle size similar to fine potassium perchlorate is uniformly mixed.

도 1은 실시예 1에서 얻어진 혼합화약의 Scanning Electron Micrograph(이하 "SEM"이라 한다) 사진이다.1 is a photograph of a scanning electron micrograph (hereinafter referred to as "SEM") of the mixed powder obtained in Example 1. FIG.

도 2는 실시예 2에서 얻어진 혼합화약의 SEM 사진이다.2 is a SEM photograph of the mixed powder obtained in Example 2. FIG.

도 3는 실시예 3에서 얻어진 혼합화약의 SEM 사진이다.3 is an SEM photograph of the mixed powder obtained in Example 3. FIG.

본 발명에 따른 혼합화약의 제조방법은, 초음파를 이용하여 결합제가 용해된 분산제 내에 미세 과염소산칼륨을 분산시킨 다음, 금속 분말을 첨가하고, 침전제를 가함으로써 미세 과염소산칼륨과 금속 분말을 균일하게 혼화하는 것으로 구성된다.In the manufacturing method of the mixed powder according to the present invention, by dispersing fine potassium perchlorate in the dispersant in which the binder is dissolved using ultrasonic waves, and then adding a metal powder, and adding a precipitant to finely mix the fine potassium perchlorate and metal powder. It consists of.

본 발명은 과염소산칼륨과 금속분말을 균일하게 혼화하기 위하여 초음파를 이용하는 것이 특징이다. 이것은 초음파가 미세한 크기의 과염소산칼륨 입자 사이의 정전기적 인력을 약화시킴으로써, 입자 사이의 뭉침(엉김) 현상이 현저하게 감소된다는 점을 이용하는 것이다.The present invention is characterized by using ultrasonic waves to uniformly mix potassium perchlorate and metal powder. This exploits the fact that the ultrasonic waves weaken the electrostatic attraction between the finely sized potassium perchlorate particles, thereby significantly reducing the agglomeration between the particles.

본 발명에 사용될 수 있는 분산제의 예로는 아세톤, 2-프로판올 및 에탄올과 같은 용매를 들 수 있으며, 이들 용매를 사용하였을 때 가장 좋은 분산 효과를 얻을 수 있다. 침전제로는 n-펜탄, n-헥산 또는 n-헵탄과 같은 용매가 바람직하다.이 보다 분자량이 작은 용매는 휘발성이 높아 사용하기 곤란하고, 분자량이 큰 경우에는 구입이 용이하지 않고 비용 면에서 불리하다. 분산제와 침전제의 비율은 중량비로 1:3 내지 1:7인 것이 바람직하며, 이 보다 비율이 낮거나 높은 경우 생성물의 결합 상태가 불량해질 수 있다. 본 발명에 사용될 수 있는 금속 분말에는 지르코늄, 티타늄 및 티타늄하이드리드가 포함되며, 이들 금속 분말 입자의 크기는 수 ㎛ 이다.Examples of dispersants that can be used in the present invention include solvents such as acetone, 2-propanol and ethanol, and the best dispersing effect can be obtained when these solvents are used. As a precipitating agent, a solvent such as n-pentane, n-hexane or n-heptane is preferable. A solvent having a lower molecular weight is more volatile and difficult to use, and when the molecular weight is large, it is not easy to purchase and disadvantageous in terms of cost. Do. It is preferable that the ratio of the dispersant and the precipitant is 1: 3 to 1: 7 by weight, and when the ratio is lower or higher, the binding state of the product may be poor. Metal powders that can be used in the present invention include zirconium, titanium and titanium hydride, the size of these metal powder particles is several micrometers.

이하, 본 발명은 아래의 실시예에 의해 보다 명확하게 설명될 것이나, 이는 본 발명의 예시에 불과할 뿐, 본 발명의 범위가 이들 실시예에 한정되는 것은 아니다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more clearly by the following examples, which are only examples of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to these examples.

실시예 1Example 1

Bransonic 초음파 발생기 내부에 트레이(tray)를 부착하고, 비이커를 설치한 다음, 아세톤 30㎖를 가하였다. 결합제 Viton A 0.18g을 비이커에 가하고, 초음파를 발생시켜 완전히 용해시킨 다음, 초음파를 계속 발생시키면서 다음의 일련의 과정을 상온에서 진행하였다. 평균 입자 크기가 4㎛인 과염소산칼륨 15.9g을 넣고 10분간 방치하여 입자가 완전히 분산되게 하였다. 충분하게 분산된 상태에서 평균 입자크기가 2㎛ 인 지르코늄 분말 13.59g을 가하고 10분간 방치한 다음, n-헥산150㎖를 일시에 가하였다. 그 다음으로, 고체를 여과하고, 여과된 고체를 n-헥산으로 세척한 다음, 이를 상온에서 24시간 동안 건조한 후, 50℃로 유지된 건조기에서 완전히 건조시켰다.A tray was attached inside the Bransonic ultrasonic generator, a beaker was installed, and 30 ml of acetone was added thereto. 0.18 g of the binder Viton A was added to the beaker, sonicated completely to dissolve, and the following series of procedures were performed at room temperature while continuing to generate the sonication. 15.9 g of potassium perchlorate having an average particle size of 4 μm was added thereto, and left for 10 minutes to completely disperse the particles. In a fully dispersed state, 13.59 g of zirconium powder having an average particle size of 2 μm was added and left for 10 minutes, and then 150 ml of n-hexane was added at a time. Next, the solid was filtered and the filtered solid was washed with n-hexane, which was then dried at room temperature for 24 hours and then completely dried in a drier maintained at 50 ° C.

여기서 얻어진 시료 중의 일부를 채취하여 SEM으로 혼화상태를 확인하였으며, 그 결과를 도 1에 나타내었다. 도 1에서 보여주는 바와 같이 혼화상태가 양호함을 알 수 있다.A part of the sample obtained here was taken and the mixed state was confirmed by SEM, and the result is shown in FIG. As shown in Figure 1 it can be seen that the mixed state is good.

실시예 2Example 2

지르코늄 분말 13.59g 대신 티타늄 분말 7.14g을 사용하는 것을 제외하고는 실시예 1에서와 동일한 방법에 의하여 티타늄 금속 분말과 과염소산칼륨이 혼화된 혼합화약을 제조하였다.A mixed powder of titanium metal powder and potassium perchlorate was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 7.14 g of titanium powder was used instead of 13.59 g of zirconium powder.

여기서 얻어진 시료 중의 일부를 채취하여 SEM으로 혼화상태를 확인하였으며, 그 결과를 도 2에 나타내었다. 도 2에서 보여주는 바와 같이 혼화상태가 양호함을 알 수 있다.A part of the sample obtained here was taken and the mixed state was confirmed by SEM, and the result is shown in FIG. As shown in Figure 2 it can be seen that the mixed state is good.

실시예 3Example 3

지르코늄 분말 13.59g 대신 티타늄 하이드리드 분말 7.44g을 사용하는 것을 제외하고는 실시예 1에서와 동일한 방법에 의하여 티타늄 금속 분말과 과염소산칼륨이 혼화된 혼합화약을 제조하였다.A mixed powder of titanium metal powder and potassium perchlorate was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 7.44 g of titanium hydride powder was used instead of 13.59 g of zirconium powder.

여기서 얻어진 시료 중의 일부를 채취하여 SEM으로 혼화상태가 양호함을 확인하였다.A part of the sample obtained here was taken and confirmed that the mixed state was favorable by SEM.

초음파를 이용하여 미세 과염소산칼륨을 금속분말과 혼화함으로써, 종래의 혼화방법에서 발생하는 과염소산칼륨 입자간의 뭉침현상을 방지하여 균일한 조성을 갖는 혼합화약을 안전하고 효과적으로 제조할 수 있었다.By mixing fine potassium perchlorate with the metal powder using ultrasonic waves, it was possible to safely and effectively prepare a mixed powder having a uniform composition by preventing agglomeration between the potassium perchlorate particles generated in the conventional mixing method.

Claims (3)

미세한 과염소산칼륨을 아세톤, 2-프로판올 및 에탄올로 구성된 군에서 선택되는 분산제 내에 초음파를 이용하여 분산시킨 다음, 분산액에 금속 분말을 첨가하고, n-펜탄, n-헥산 및 n-헵탄으로 구성된 군에서 선택되는 침전제를 분산제와 침전제의 중량비가 1:3 내지 1:7이 되도록 가하고 혼화하여 혼합화약을 제조하는 방법.Fine potassium perchlorate is dispersed using ultrasonic waves in a dispersant selected from the group consisting of acetone, 2-propanol and ethanol, and then metal powder is added to the dispersion, and in the group consisting of n-pentane, n-hexane and n-heptane A method of preparing a mixed powder by adding and mixing the precipitant to be selected so that the weight ratio of the dispersant and the precipitant is 1: 3 to 1: 7. 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 금속 분말이 지르코늄, 티타늄 또는 티타늄하이드리드인 방법.The method of claim 1 wherein the metal powder is zirconium, titanium or titanium hydride. 삭제delete
KR10-2001-0069842A 2001-11-09 2001-11-09 Preparation method of composite explosives comprising fine potassium perchlorate using ultrasonic waves KR100436568B1 (en)

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3222231A (en) * 1962-09-18 1965-12-07 Atlantic Res Corp Process for producing finely divided rounded particles
US3652350A (en) * 1969-06-23 1972-03-28 Hi Shear Corp Method of blending pyrotechnic mixtures
US4979999A (en) * 1989-09-29 1990-12-25 Minister Of National Defence Of Her Majesty's Canadian Government Tracer composition and method of producing same
KR19990054993A (en) * 1997-12-27 1999-07-15 최동환 Method for producing ε-type HNIW crystals of fine size
KR20010052391A (en) * 1998-05-28 2001-06-25 한스-율겐 디어더릭 Method for producing pyrotechnic primer charges

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3222231A (en) * 1962-09-18 1965-12-07 Atlantic Res Corp Process for producing finely divided rounded particles
US3652350A (en) * 1969-06-23 1972-03-28 Hi Shear Corp Method of blending pyrotechnic mixtures
US4979999A (en) * 1989-09-29 1990-12-25 Minister Of National Defence Of Her Majesty's Canadian Government Tracer composition and method of producing same
KR19990054993A (en) * 1997-12-27 1999-07-15 최동환 Method for producing ε-type HNIW crystals of fine size
KR20010052391A (en) * 1998-05-28 2001-06-25 한스-율겐 디어더릭 Method for producing pyrotechnic primer charges

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