KR100434219B1 - Large Diesel Engine - Google Patents

Abstract

Large diesel comprising a plurality of cylinders each connected through an exhaust gas collector 4 and an exhaust gas muff 3 comprising a catalytic converter device through which the exhaust gas can pass In an engine, preferred assembly excellence and operational safety is that an exhaust chamber 18 is formed approximately in the middle of the exhaust gas collector 4, from which the exhaust pipe 6 starts and the exhaust chamber is the catalytic converter. The apparatus is divided into two sections 17a, 17b which form a flow path between the discharge chamber 18 and the divert chambers 18 arranged in the end region of the exhaust gas collector 4, the divert chambers being excreted. Open to the respective collecting pit sections 26a and 26b, each of which is followed by several exhaust gas muffs 3 which are excreted; Sections 17a, 17b of the catalytic converter device have an arcuate cross section circumscribed on the inner circumference of the exhaust gas collector 4; The collection pit sections 26a, 26b occupying the remaining cross section of the exhaust gas collector 4 are connected to the discharge chamber 18 by at least one passageway 30 which can be controlled using a shutoff device 31. It can be realized by being connected.

Description

Large diesel engine

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to large diesel engines, in particular two-cycle large diesel engines, comprising a plurality of cylinders, each of which is preferably pipe-shaped and encased by at least one exhaust gas muff. The end is connected to an exhaust gas collector which can be closed, the exhaust pipe starts from the exhaust gas collector, and the exhaust gas collector collides with the reducing agent using a feeder arranged above the flow direction from the catalytic converter device. And a catalytic converter device through which gas can pass.

Such a device is disclosed in EP-A 0 468 919. In the disclosed apparatus, the exhaust gas collector comprises a central pipe containing a catalytic converter device, the central pipe being surrounded by a ring chamber followed by exhaust gas muffs, one end of the ring chamber being closed The other end is open. Through the open end, the total amount of exhaust gas reaches the catalytic converter device, in which the diffuser is arranged in front, and the region where the exhaust pipe to the turbine side of the exhaust turbocharger starts is arranged next.

It is undesirable here that there is only a flow path of the exhaust gas. In other words, the total amount of exhaust gas must penetrate the entire length of the catalytic converter device. Therefore, a relatively large flow cross section is required which results in a bulky structure. If one member of the catalytic converter device is blocked, the only flow path through the catalytic converter device is blocked. In this case, the bypass pipe passing through the catalytic converter device must be opened, so that the total amount of exhaust gas flow is supplied to the exhaust gas turbocharger without being processed. It is not possible here to keep the action of the catalytic converter partially. Another disadvantage of the device is that the structure is undesirably significantly long due to the diffuser arranged in front of the catalytic converter device. In addition, access to the diffuser in the catalytic converter device is very difficult and therefore inadequate for assembly and maintenance. The disclosed device has proved to be neither compact nor simple and not sufficient in driving safety.

It is an object of the present invention to overcome this and other disadvantages of the disclosed device of the large diesel engine of the type mentioned above to improve the driving safety of the catalytic converter device.

The object is that the discharge chamber is formed approximately in the middle of the exhaust gas collector, from which the discharge conduit begins and the discharge chamber divides the catalytic converter device into two sections, the two sections being the discharge chamber and its A distribution connection is formed between the two diverting chambers arranged in the end region, the diverting chamber being open toward the respective collecting pit section to be discharged, and several discharged into the collecting pit sections. Each of the exhaust gas muffs is followed, the sections of the catalytic converter device having an arcuate cross section circumscribed on the inner circumference of the exhaust gas collector, and the collecting pit sections occupying the remaining cross section of the exhaust gas collector are controlled using a shutoff device. Can be connected to the discharge chamber by at least one passageway. Writing is achieved.

Because of the above measures, the exhaust gas flow rate is preferably divided into two branches since the arrangement is actually symmetrical with respect to the central radial plane, and the two-flow exhaust gases are collected independently of each other within each collection pit section being excreted. And subsequently pass through each of the excreted catalytic converter sections. This distribution allows for a relatively small flow cross section because only half of each flow rate is present in the individual sections. This preferably enables the miniaturization of the structure, which is very desirable in view of the narrow space in the machine room of a ship or the like. Another advantage of the measures according to the invention is that in the case of omitting one section of the catalytic converter device, only the exhaust gas flow rate disposed in the section is flowed directly into the discharge chamber without being treated. At this time, the blocking device formed on the discharge chamber side in the area of the passage only needs to be partially opened. Some other flow rate may otherwise pass through the excreted catalytic converter section without being disturbed. Therefore, the reduction treatment of some exhaust gas is maintained, which also satisfies other predetermined regulations and can sufficiently prevent the entire engine from stopping. The measures according to the invention are therefore very economical. In addition, the measures according to the invention make it easy to access each section of the catalytic converter device directly from the outside by removing each neighboring cover of the exhaust gas collector, which facilitates maintenance and assembly. The discharge chamber can be connected to the capture pit section by passages that can be opened and closed, thereby ensuring the use of a discharge conduit away from the discharge chamber, not only when the catalytic converter is operated but also when the catalytic converter is partially operated. . Therefore, no unique bypass tube is needed. As described above, the disadvantages as described above of the conventional apparatus are completely prevented.

Preferred embodiments of the above measures and aspects suitable for the purposes of the present invention are set forth in the following claims. The arcuate cross section of the section of the catalytic converter device may preferably be formed as an annular segment that is open towards the region where the exhaust gas muff continues. As a result, a central conduit surrounded by the excreted catalytic converter section is formed for the excreted collection pit section, and the central conduit is provided with a funnel-type insertion slot which extends to the outside, and the excretion slot is inserted into the excretion slot. Followed by an exhaust gas muff. Therefore, the above measures allow the exhaust gas to be smoothly discharged in a preferable manner.

The above-mentioned annular segment may be formed as a polygon open toward the region where the exhaust muff continues, suitable for the purposes of the present invention. This facilitates manufacturing and preferably forms an edge that functions as a guide edge. Guide rails may be disposed at the guide edges to facilitate assembly and disassembly.

Another preferred measure is that the two collecting pit sections are connected to each other by a connecting chamber adjacent to the discharge chamber, wherein a passageway between the connecting chamber and the discharge chamber can be controlled by means of a blocking device. Can be mentioned. This structure requires only one shut-off device since the two collecting pit sections can be connected to the discharge chamber by the passage. Another advantage is that the amount of exhaust gas generated in one capture pit section region can be carried through the section of the catalytic converter device that is excreted as at least a portion of it is fed to the other capture pit section if it is interrupted.

Preferably, the exhaust gas collector may be equipped with things built in, each of which limits the conduit disposed in one catalytic converter section and one capture pit section. Catalytic converter elements forming the catalytic converter sections can simply be pushed into the excreted conduit, which makes assembly and maintenance very easy.

Each section of the catalytic converter device may comprise at least one oxidation-catalyst converter element and a plurality of NO _x -catalyst converter elements suitable for the purposes of the present invention. The structure ensures reliable carbon black-reduction and NO _x -reduction.

The reducing agent required for the reduction is preferably mixed with the exhaust gas using an injection piston formed in the region of the exhaust gas muff. This measure ensures the desired mixing of the reducing agent and separation of the same material. As another advantage the amount of reducing agent mixed here can be individually adjusted according to the rate of combustion in the excreted cylinder. It is also possible that the injection of reducing agent into the individual exhaust gas muffs is likewise interrupted if the section of the catalytic converter device excreted in the exhaust gas muffs is blocked.

Other preferred structures of the above measures and aspects suitable for the purposes of the present invention are set forth in other subsequent claims, which can be seen in detail in the description of the embodiments which follow, through the figures.

1 is a partial cross-sectional view of a large diesel engine according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a longitudinal section of an exhaust gas collector of the device according to FIG. 1; FIG.

3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line III / III of FIG. 2.

The structure and operation of large diesel engines, such as two-cycle diesel engines, are well known per se and need no further explanation in this regard. Figure 1 shows the top of a two cycle large diesel engine. The upper portion has a plurality of cylinders (1) arranged in series, each of the plurality of cylinders is provided with a discharge valve (2) disposed in one cylinder cover, the discharge conduit is opened or opened by using the discharge valve It can be closed, and the exhaust conduit is connected to the exhaust gas muff (3). An exhaust gas collector 4 is formed parallel to a series of cylinders, all exhaust gas muffs 3 are connected into the exhaust gas collector, and an exhaust gas turbocharger 5 is provided from the exhaust gas collector. The exhaust pipe 6 leading to the turbine is started. The exhaust gas muff 3 is provided with a distal end 7 which protrudes into a pipe-type exhaust gas collector and is radially diffused. In order to prevent the cooling of the exhaust gas, the exhaust gas muff 3 may be provided with an isolation packing 8.

The exhaust gas collector 4 has a pipe-like housing 9. The housing can be closed by a cover 10 that can be removed at its end, as shown in FIG. 2. The pipe-like housing 9 comprises a catalytic converter device 17 through which the exhaust gas can pass to reduce the carbon black and NO _X content of the exhaust gas and a collection pit section 26 arranged in front of it, Into the collection pit section is followed by a distal end 7 of the exhaust gas muff 3. The exhaust gas encounters a reducing agent such as, for example, ammonium or urea at the top in the direction of flow from the catalytic converter device 17. The reducing agent is injected into the exhaust gas muff 3. The mitigation of the exhaust gas that is successfully achieved in the exhaust gas muff 3 mixes the exhaust gas well with the reducing agent so that the reducing agent is uniformly distributed. This effect is further complemented by the diffuser type ends 7.

As can also be seen in FIG. 1, a suitable injection piston 11 is fitted on each exhaust gas muff 3 for injecting the reducing agent, which is supplied with a reducing agent such as for example ammonium or urea. It is supplied via 12 and can be controlled by signal line 14 starting from controller 13. As indicated by the other signal lines starting from the control device 13, all of the reducing agent-injecting piston 11 can be controlled through the control device 13. As the signal line 15 indicates, the control device 13 is previously given a mechanical cycle. In this connection, for example, the crankshaft may be worn. It is also contemplated to use a signal that causes the operation of the discharge valve 2. In either case, the injection piston 11 is ensured to operate only when the discharge valve 2 to be discharged is opened, ie only when the exhaust gas is discharged. The injection amount may be predetermined. In addition, it is also possible to predefine an injection amount individually to each injection piston 11 according to the combustion ratio in each cylinder. For this purpose, as indicated by the signal line 16 in FIG. 1, corresponding data, for example combustion room temperature, is supplied to the control device 13.

The catalytic converter device 17 and the collection pit section 26 arranged in the housing 9 of the exhaust gas collector 4 are, as can be seen in FIG. 2, two catalytic converter sections 17a, 17b and An exhaust pipe (6) separated into collecting pit sections (26a, 26b), the sections being flanged to an exhaust chamber (18) arranged in the center of the exhaust gas collector (4), from which the exhaust gas is discharged from the exhaust chamber; It begins. Thus, a structure is formed which is symmetrical on the central radial plane of symmetry.

The two sections 17a, 17b of the catalytic converter device are each composed of a plurality of catalytic converter members assembled and arranged back and forth in the form of a static mixer, wherein the catalytic converter members are here provided with a spacing part ( 19) are spaced apart from each other. Firstly NO _x -catalytic converter members 20 are formed. In the illustrated embodiment each catalytic converter section 17a, 17b has a carbon additional oxidation-catalyst converter member 21 in addition to the NO _X -catalyst converter members 20, through the additional oxidation-catalyst converter member. Carbon black particles can be removed. The oxidation-catalyst converter members 21 are arranged at the exhaust gas inlets of the respective catalytic converter sections 17a, 17b which are excreted here. Other locations may also be considered, for example, locations within the area of the exhaust outlet. The catalytic converter members 20, 21 are parallel to the longitudinal axis of the housing 9, as indicated by the arrow indicated by a straight line, the flow direction of which is opposite to the two sections 17a, 17b.

The catalytic converter members 20, 21, as can be seen in FIGS. 1 and 3, are formed as annular segments which are open towards the region where the exhaust gas muff 3 continues and are eccentric in the exhaust gas collector 4. It has a segment cross section arranged, the outside of the segment cross section touching the inner circumference of the pipe-like housing 9. The annular segment cross section is here formed as a polygon open to the region where the exhaust gas muff 3 leads, as can be seen from FIGS. 1 and 3, which are the catalytic converter members 20, 21. ) Facilitates the manufacture and assembly. In order to accommodate the catalytic converter members 20 and 21, the housing 9 of the exhaust gas collector 4 is inserted into each of the partition walls 22, one in each of the regions disposed in the two catalytic converter sections 17a and 17b. And the partition has a contour along the inner contour of the annular segment cross section of the members 20, 21, so that the first eccentric has a cross section corresponding to the cross section of the catalytic converter members 20, 21. The conduit is separated from the second conduit which receives the remaining cross section inside the housing 9.

The second conduit is respectively attached to a neighboring catalytic converter section 17a or 17b and functions as a capture pit section 26a or 26b arranged in front of the catalytic converter section in the exhaust gas distribution direction, and excreted into the collection pit section. Several exhaust gas muffs 3 are followed. Each collection pit section 26a, 26b is provided with a half exhaust gas muff 3 and a half cylinder 1 suitable for the purposes of the present invention. The collection pit sections 26a, 26b extend from the inside outward in the reverse direction to the respective catalytic converter sections 17a, 17b that are excreted, as indicated by the arrows indicated by dashed lines in FIG. 2.

Catalytic converter elements 20, 21 of each catalytic converter section 17a, 17b that are disposed may be pushed into each first conduit. This takes place from the end of the housing 9 each time the cover 10 is removed. In this way, the two sections 17a, 17b of the catalytic converter can form structures independent of each other. The contour of the annular segment of the catalytic converter elements 20, 21 corresponding to the open polygon represents the corners and the vertical planes extending therebetween, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3. Guide rails 24 formed within the partition 22 and the inner circumference of the housing 9 may be disposed, and each of the catalytic converter members 20 and 21 to be disposed on the guide rails may be disposed. It can be pushed into the conduit. The catalytic converter members pushed into each of the excreted conduits touch the stoppers 19a fixed in the front of the propulsion direction, and a holding block 25 detachable on the partition 22 at the rear of the propulsion direction. It can be fixed by).

The second conduits, which function as collection pit sections 26a and 26b and are formed by the partition wall 22, as best seen in FIG. 1, form a central conduit region coaxially with the housing 9. The central conduit region extends into the insertion slot in the radial direction. The insertion slot is opened to the outside in a funnel shape. The distal end 7 of the exhaust gas muff 3 which protrudes into the housing 9 and is shaped like a diffuser is arranged so that it runs into the insertion slot of the respective collection pit sections 26a and 26b to be excreted. In the illustrated embodiment the axis of the distal end is located on a plane of symmetry comprising the longitudinal axis of the housing 9, so that the exhaust gas inlet towards the center of the central conduit region appears.

Conduits that function as the collection pit sections 26a and 26b are closed by side walls 27 on the front side of the partition wall 22 opposite the discharge chamber 18. Conduits disposed in the catalytic converter members 20, 21 are open toward the discharge chamber 18. In the opposite section end region on the side of the cover, two conduits 23 and 26 are open. Each of the partition walls 22 is spaced apart from each of the neighboring lids 10 so that the rearmost catalytic converter member in the inflow direction also has a corresponding gap from the neighboring lids 10. This results in a divert chamber 28 in the end region of the housing 9, with the respective capture pit sections 26a and 26b arranged by the divert chamber in the respective catalytic converter sections 17a and 17b in the flow direction. And distribution are linked.

This allows the flow path to the discharge chamber 18 via the respective capture pit sections 26a and 26b to be discharged starting from the exhaust gas muff 3 and the respective catalytic converter sections 17a and 17b arranged next. It appears on both sides of the discharge chamber 18. The exhaust gas blown into the respective collection pit sections 26a and 26b discharged from the exhaust gas muff 3 is first arranged in the end region of the housing 9, as indicated by the arrows indicated by the dotted lines in FIG. To the divert chamber, and from there, through the respective sections 17a and 17b to be disposed of the catalytic converter device, as indicated by arrows indicated by a straight line in FIG. 2, to the discharge chamber 18.

The collection pit sections 26a and 26b formed at both sides of the discharge chamber 18 are connected to each other by a connection pit 29 penetrating below the discharge chamber 18. A window-shaped passage 30 is formed between the connecting pit 29 and the discharge chamber 18, and the passage 30 may be closed or opened as indicated by the dotted line in FIG. 2. The blocking device 31 is provided. The blocking device 31 may be formed as a blade or a blind. The shut-off device 31 can be operated using the engine 32 shown in FIG. 3 for purposes of the present invention.

As soon as the shutoff device 31 is opened, a flow passage is made which bypasses the catalytic converter sections 17a and 17b and directly into the discharge chamber 18 from the collection pit sections 26a and 26b. The flow path is useful, for example, when enhanced power can be supplied to the exhaust turbocharger in a short time. This applies when a failure occurs in the catalytic converter region. As long as such a failure is present only in one of the two catalytic converter sections 17a, 17b, the shutoff device 31 is only partially open, thus preventing the catalytic converter section 17a or 17b as described above. Only the flow rate assigned to) reaches directly into the discharge chamber 18, and the exhaust gas flow rate assigned to each other catalytic converter section 17b or 17a passes through the disposed catalytic converter section and is purified. Of course, only exhaust gas flowing through the excreted catalytic converter section 17a or 17b encounters the reducing agent. At this time, the injection pistons 11 disposed in the respective exhaust gas muffs 3 arranged in the other section are blocked.

The large diesel engine according to the present invention is arranged bilaterally symmetrically with respect to the central radial plane so that the exhaust gas flow rate generated is divided into two branches, and the two diesel engines are independently collected in each collection pit section where the exhaust gas flowing through the two branches is discharged. And subsequently pass through each of the excreted catalytic converter sections, and because of this distribution, only half of the flow rate is present in the individual sections, so that the cross-sectional cross-section is small, which is very economical. Furthermore, the exhaust cross-section can be smoothly discharged since the rapid cross section of the catalytic converter section can be formed as an annular segment which is preferably open toward the region leading to the exhaust gas muff.

Claims (17)

An exhaust gas collector 4, each preferably piped by at least one exhaust gas muff 3, which can be closed at its end with a lid 10, where exhaust pipes are started from the exhaust gas collector and the exhaust gas collector is catalyzed. A large diesel engine comprising a plurality of cylinders 1 connected with a catalytic converter device through which gas collides with a reducing agent using a feeder arranged upward in the flow direction from the converter device; Especially in two-cycle large diesel engines, A discharge chamber 18 is formed approximately in the middle of the exhaust gas collector 4, and an exhaust pipe 6 starts from the discharge chamber, which discharges the catalytic converter device from the discharge chamber 18 and the exhaust gas. Dividing into two sections 17a, 17b forming a flow path between the diverting chambers 18 arranged in the end region of the collector 4, the diverting chambers are disposed in respective collecting pit sections 26a, 26b. Several exhaust gas muffs 3, each of which are open toward the side, and which are discharged into the collection pit sections, are respectively connected, and sections 17a and 17b of the catalytic converter device are internal circles of the exhaust gas collector 4; At least one passageway 30 having an arcuate cross section circumscribed in the columnar shape, the collection pit sections 26a, 26b occupying the remaining cross section of the exhaust gas collector 4 can be controlled using a shutoff device 31. By above ship Heavy-duty diesel engine, characterized in that it can be associated with chamber 18. 2. The large diesel engine according to claim 1, wherein the arcuate cross section of the catalytic converter sections (17a, 17b) is formed as an annular segment open towards the region where the exhaust gas muff (3) is connected. 3. The large diesel engine according to claim 2, wherein the arcuate cross section of the catalytic converter sections (17a, 17b) is formed as a polygon open towards the region where the muff continues. The collecting pit sections 26a, 26b have a central area, which is easily accessible by a radial insertion slot and which is excreted into the insertion slot. A large diesel engine characterized by an exhaust gas muff (3). 4. The connection pit according to claim 1, wherein the two collection pit sections 26a, 26b are connected to each other by a connection pit 29 adjacent to the discharge chamber 18. Large diesel engine, characterized in that the passageway 30 is formed between the discharge chamber and the control unit can be controlled using a shutoff device (31). 4. The large diesel engine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the blocking device (31) is formed as a blind. 4. The collection chamber according to claim 1, wherein the discharge chambers 18 are collected by side walls 27 having a shape approximately corresponding to the cross sections of the collection pit sections 26a, 26b. A large diesel engine characterized by being separated from the pit sections. 4. The exhaust gas collector 4 is provided with insertable partitions 22, which partitions each of the excreted catalytic converter sections 17a, 17b. A large diesel engine, characterized in that it extends between the conduit disposed on the members and the conduit forming the appended exhaust gas collector sections (26a, 26b). 4. Large diesel engine according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the members of the catalytic converter section (17a, 17b) are housed so as to be displaceable on the guide rail (24). 4. The catalytic converter sections 17a, 17b disposed in each of the excreted conduits can be fixed using a fixed block 25 mounted on the cross section of the conduit. Large diesel engine, characterized in that. 4. The catalytic converter sections (17a, 17b) according to any one of the preceding claims, which can be pushed into the excreted conduit and consist of a plurality of members (20, 21) arranged back and forth. Large diesel engine characterized by. 12. The large diesel engine according to claim 11, wherein the members (20, 21) are spaced apart from each other by a gap holder (19). The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein each of the catalytic converter sections (17a, 17b) is at least one oxidation-catalyst container turbo member 21 and a plurality of NO _X - the catalytic converter member 20 Large diesel engine comprising a. 4. The large diesel engine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the reducing agent can be mixed with the exhaust gas by an injection piston (11) formed in the region of the exhaust gas muff (3). 15. The large diesel engine according to claim 14, wherein the injection pistons (11) can be controlled using a control device (13). 4. The exhaust gas muff (3) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each of the exhaust gas muffs (3) has one end portion (7) which projects into the excreted collection pit section (26) and is shaped like a diffuser. Large diesel engines. 4. The radial according to claim 1, wherein the axis of the distal ends 7 of the exhaust gas muff 3 comprises a longitudinal axis of the housing 9 of the exhaust gas collector 4. Large diesel engine, characterized in that arranged in the plane of symmetry.