KR100399778B1 - Current collector of battery and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Current collector of battery and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- KR100399778B1 KR100399778B1 KR1019960015959A KR19960015959A KR100399778B1 KR 100399778 B1 KR100399778 B1 KR 100399778B1 KR 1019960015959 A KR1019960015959 A KR 1019960015959A KR 19960015959 A KR19960015959 A KR 19960015959A KR 100399778 B1 KR100399778 B1 KR 100399778B1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
- H01M4/66—Selection of materials
- H01M4/665—Composites
- H01M4/667—Composites in the form of layers, e.g. coatings
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/12—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of nickel or cobalt
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/56—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of alloys
- C25D3/562—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of alloys containing more than 50% by weight of iron or nickel or cobalt
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/10—Electroplating with more than one layer of the same or of different metals
- C25D5/12—Electroplating with more than one layer of the same or of different metals at least one layer being of nickel or chromium
- C25D5/14—Electroplating with more than one layer of the same or of different metals at least one layer being of nickel or chromium two or more layers being of nickel or chromium, e.g. duplex or triplex layers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/34—Pretreatment of metallic surfaces to be electroplated
- C25D5/36—Pretreatment of metallic surfaces to be electroplated of iron or steel
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/48—After-treatment of electroplated surfaces
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
- H01M4/66—Selection of materials
- H01M4/669—Steels
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/34—Gastight accumulators
- H01M10/345—Gastight metal hydride accumulators
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Cell Electrode Carriers And Collectors (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
본 발명은 전지의 집전체 및 그 제조방법에 관한 것으로서, 상세하기로는 집전체 표면의 조도를 높임으로써 집전체에 대한 활물질의 부착력이 증가되고 전도성이 향상된 전지의 집전체 및 그 제조방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a current collector of a battery and a method of manufacturing the same, and more particularly, to a current collector of a battery and a method of manufacturing the same, which increase adhesion of the active material to the current collector and improve conductivity by increasing the roughness of the current collector surface. .
통상적으로 전지의 권선형 전극 조립체는 반대 극성을 갖는 두 개의 분리된 전극판과 이 두 전극판 사이에 삽입되어 있는 분리용 재료층(절연층)으로 이루어진다. 이러한 전극판은 소결식 또는 페이스트식으로 제조될 수 있다.Typically, a wound electrode assembly of a battery consists of two separate electrode plates of opposite polarity and a separating material layer (insulating layer) inserted between the two electrode plates. Such an electrode plate may be manufactured by sintering or paste type.
즉, 다공성 집전체에 활성재료를 포함하는 슬러리 또는 페이스트를 도포, 압착함으로써 전극판을 제조하는 것이다.That is, the electrode plate is manufactured by applying and pressing a slurry or paste containing an active material onto a porous current collector.
상술한 전극판을 이용하여 전지를 제조하는 경우, 음전극판과 양전극판이 전지 전체를 통해 나란히 배열되도록 음전극판과 양전극판사이에 절연부재를 개재시키고 나선형으로 권취하는 방법을 사용한다. 상기 음전극판, 양전극판 및 절연부재를 포함하는 전지구성요소는 전지용기의 직경과 근사한 직경을 갖는 네스트(nest)내에 위치한 가동굴대(arter) 주위에 감겨진다.When the battery is manufactured using the above-described electrode plate, a method of interposing an insulating member between the negative electrode plate and the positive electrode plate is wound in a spiral manner so that the negative electrode plate and the positive electrode plate are arranged side by side throughout the battery. The battery component comprising the negative electrode plate, the positive electrode plate and the insulating member is wound around a movable arter located in a nest having a diameter close to the diameter of the battery container.
형성된 전극 조립체는 용기의 내부에 장착되고 이 용기의 상부에 캡조립체가 설치된다.The formed electrode assembly is mounted inside the container and a cap assembly is installed on top of the container.
상기 다공성 집전체로는 그 표면에 소정두께의 니켈 도금층을 갖는 강철기판을 주로 사용한다.As the porous current collector, a steel substrate having a nickel plating layer having a predetermined thickness on its surface is mainly used.
제1도는 통상적인 전지 집전체를 나타낸 도면이다. 이 도면에 나타난 바와 같이, 집전체 (1)에는 소정의 피치를 갖는 복수개의 관통공(2)이 형성되어 있다.1 is a view showing a typical battery current collector. As shown in this figure, the current collector 1 is formed with a plurality of through holes 2 having a predetermined pitch.
그런데, 일반적인 도금 조건에 따라 제조된 상기 집전체는 그 표면의 조도가 충분치 않아서 집전체와 활물질간의 접촉면적이 작고 부착력이 약하기 때문에, 활물질의 탈락이 빈번하고 전도도가 저하되는 문제점이 있다.However, since the current collector manufactured according to the general plating conditions is not enough surface roughness, the contact area between the current collector and the active material is small and the adhesion is weak, so that the active material is frequently dropped and the conductivity is lowered.
그러므로 본 발명의 목적은 상기 문제점을 해결하여 집전체의 표면조도를 높임으로써 집전체에 대한 활물질의 부착력과 전도성을 향상시킬 수 있는 전지의 집전체를 제공하는 것이다.Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a current collector of a battery that can improve the adhesion and conductivity of the active material to the current collector by improving the surface roughness of the current collector to solve the above problems.
본 발명의 다른 목적은 상기 전지의 집전체를 제조하는 방법을 제공하는 것이다.Another object of the present invention is to provide a method of manufacturing the current collector of the battery.
상기 목적을 달성하기 위하여 본 발명에서는 강철 기판 및 그 기판 상부에 니켈과 니켈 합금중에서 선택된 물질로 이루어진 제1코팅층과 제2코팅층을 포함하여 이루어진 전지의 집전체를 제공한다.In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a current collector of a battery comprising a steel substrate and a first coating layer and a second coating layer made of a material selected from nickel and a nickel alloy on the substrate.
본 발명의 다른 목적은 강철 기판을 탈지(脫脂)한 다음, 그 강철 기판 표면을 활성화시키는 단계;Another object of the present invention is to degrease a steel substrate and then activate the steel substrate surface;
전류밀도 5 내지 10 A/dm2에서, 니켈과 니켈 합금중에서 선택된 물질을 1차 도금하여 상기 강철 기판상에 제1코팅층을 형성하는 단계;Forming a first coating layer on the steel substrate by first plating a material selected from nickel and a nickel alloy at a current density of 5 to 10 A / dm 2 ;
전류밀도 10 내지 40 A/dm2에서, 니켈과 니켈 합금중에서 선택된 물질을 2차도금하여 상기 강철 기판상에 제2코팅층을 형성하는 단계;Forming a second coating layer on the steel substrate by secondary plating a material selected from nickel and a nickel alloy at a current density of 10 to 40 A / dm 2 ;
상기 결과물을 건조, 압연하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 전지의 집전체 제조방법에 의해 달성된다.It is achieved by a method for producing a current collector of a battery comprising the step of drying, rolling the resultant.
상기 강철기판상에 형성된 제1코팅층의 두께는 1 내지 2㎛이고, 제2코팅층의 두께는 2 내지 3㎛이다.The thickness of the first coating layer formed on the steel substrate is 1 to 2㎛, the thickness of the second coating layer is 2 to 3㎛.
상기 강철기판 표면에 니켈 도금시 사용하는 화합물로는 니켈 또는 니켈과 구리, 납, 철, 망간, 아연 및 크롬중에서 선택된 1종의 원소를 포함하는 합금물질을 사용한다.As the compound used for nickel plating on the surface of the steel substrate, an alloy material including nickel or nickel and one element selected from copper, lead, iron, manganese, zinc, and chromium is used.
본 발명에서는 제1차 도금과정과 제2차 도금과정을 단계적으로 실시함으로써 강철기판상에 도금된 니켈 표면의 조도를 높이고자 한 것이다.In the present invention, it is intended to increase the roughness of the nickel surface plated on the steel substrate by performing the first plating process and the second plating process step by step.
즉, 제1차 도금과정에서는 5 내지 10 A/dm2의 적정 전류밀도에서 도금하여 비교적 매끄러운 니켈 표면을 형성한 다음, 제2차 도금과정에서는 10 내지 40A/dm2의 과전류밀도에서 도금을 실시하여 강철 기판상에 니켈 덴드라이트를 형성하여 그 표면을 거칠게 한다.That is, in the first plating process, plating is performed at an appropriate current density of 5 to 10 A / dm 2 to form a relatively smooth nickel surface, and in the second plating process, plating is performed at an overcurrent density of 10 to 40 A / dm 2 . Thereby forming nickel dendrites on the steel substrate to roughen its surface.
이하, 본 발명의 전지의 집전체 제조방법을 제2A-C도를 참조하여 설명하면 다음과 같다.Hereinafter, the current collector manufacturing method of the battery of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 2A-C.
먼저, 강철 기판의 표면을 탈지한 다음, 그 표면을 활성화시킨다.First, the surface of the steel substrate is degreased, and then the surface is activated.
전류밀도 5 내지 10A/dm2인 조건하에서, 상기 활성화된 강천 기판(3) 상부에 니켈 또는 니켈 합금을 1차도금하여 제1코팅층 (4)을 형성한다(제2A도). 이 때 니켈 도금 용액의 pH는 0.5 내지 1정도가 적당하다. 또한 니켈 도금 용액으로는 통상적으로 사용되는 것이라면 모두 사용가능하며, 그 중에서 15 내지 17.5wt%의 황산니켈 용액이 바람직하다.Under conditions of a current density of 5 to 10 A / dm 2 , a first coating layer 4 is formed by first plating nickel or a nickel alloy on the activated steel substrate 3 (FIG. 2A). At this time, the pH of the nickel plating solution is preferably about 0.5 to 1. In addition, as the nickel plating solution, any one conventionally used may be used, and a nickel sulfate solution of 15 to 17.5 wt% is preferable.
이어서 10 내지 40A/dm2전류밀도에서 상기 강철 기판 (3) 상부에 니켈 또는 니켈 합금을 2차 도금하여 니켈 덴드라이트를 형성하여 제2코팅층 (5)을 완성한다(제2B도).Subsequently, nickel or nickel alloy is second plated on the steel substrate 3 at a current density of 10 to 40 A / dm 2 to form nickel dendrites to complete the second coating layer 5 (FIG. 2B).
얻어진 상기 기판을 건조한 다음, 압연함으로써 소정두께의 제1코팅층 (4)과 제2코팅층 (5)을 갖는 본 발명에 따른 전지의 집전체를 완성한다(제2C도).The obtained substrate is dried and then rolled to complete the current collector of the battery having the first coating layer 4 and the second coating layer 5 having a predetermined thickness (FIG. 2C).
이하, 본 발명을 실시예를 들어 상세히 설명하기로 하되, 본 발명이 반드시이에 한정되는 것은 아니다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to Examples, but the present invention is not necessarily limited thereto.
(실시예)(Example)
AB5계 수소저장합금에, 이를 기준으로 하여 팔라듐 0.5중량%, 카본블랙 분말과 SBR을 합한 3중량%를 혼합하여 슬러리를 형성하였다. 약 1㎛ 두께의 제1코팅층과 약 2㎛ 두께의 제2코팅층의 니켈이 도금된 강철 기판상에 상기 슬러리를 도포하였다. 건조한 후, 로울 프레스로 압연하여 수소 음극을 제조하였다.Based on this, 0.5 wt% of palladium, 3 wt% of carbon black powder and SBR were mixed with the AB 5- based hydrogen storage alloy to form a slurry. The slurry was applied onto a nickel plated steel substrate of a first coating layer having a thickness of about 1 μm and a second coating layer having a thickness of about 2 μm. After drying, rolling was carried out with a roll press to prepare a hydrogen cathode.
상기 니켈이 도금된 강철 기판의 제조방법은 다음과 같았다.The nickel plated steel substrate manufacturing method was as follows.
먼저, 강철 기판의 표면을 탈지한 다음, 그 표면을 활성화시킨다.First, the surface of the steel substrate is degreased, and then the surface is activated.
약 16wt%의 황산니켈을 포함한 니켈 또는 니켈 합금 도금 수조에서, 활성화된 강철 기판을 약 7A/dm2전류밀도, pH 0.5∼1.0인 조건하에서 1차도금하여 강철 기판상에 제1코팅층을 형성시켰다. 이어서 얻어진 강철기판을 약 30A/dm2전류밀도에서 2차도금하여 강철기판상에 제2코팅층을 형성하였다.In a nickel or nickel alloy plating bath containing about 16 wt% nickel sulfate, the activated steel substrate was first plated under conditions of about 7 A / dm 2 current density, pH 0.5-1.0, to form a first coating layer on the steel substrate. . Subsequently, the obtained steel substrate was subjected to secondary plating at a current density of about 30 A / dm 2 to form a second coating layer on the steel substrate.
양극으로는 니켈 양극을 사용하여 니켈수소전지를 제조하였다.As a positive electrode, a nickel hydrogen battery was manufactured using a nickel positive electrode.
(비교예)(Comparative Example)
AB5계 수소저장합금에, 이를 기준으로 하여 팔라듐 0.5중량%, 카본블랙 분말과 SBR을 합한 3중량%를 혼합하여 슬려리를 형성하였다. 약 3㎛ 두께의 니켈이 도금된 강철 기판상에 상기 슬러리를 도포하였다. 건조한 후, 로울 프레스로 압연하여 수소 음극을 제조하였다.Based on this, 0.5 wt% of palladium, 3 wt% of carbon black powder, and SBR were mixed with the AB 5- based hydrogen storage alloy to form a slick. The slurry was applied onto a nickel plated steel substrate about 3 μm thick. After drying, rolling was carried out with a roll press to prepare a hydrogen cathode.
상기 니켈이 도금된 강철기판의 제조방법은 다음과 같았다.The method of manufacturing the nickel-plated steel substrate was as follows.
강철 기판의 표면을 활성화시킨 후, 이 기판상에 약 7A/dm2의 전류밀도, pH 0.5∼1.0인 조건하에서 니켈층을 도금하였다.After activating the surface of the steel substrate, a nickel layer was plated on the substrate under a current density of about 7 A / dm 2 and a pH of 0.5 to 1.0.
양극으로는 니켈 양극을 사용하여 니켈수소전지를 제조하였다.As a positive electrode, a nickel hydrogen battery was manufactured using a nickel positive electrode.
상기 실시예 및 비교예에 따라 제조된 집전체의 표면조도를 측정한 결과, 실시예에 따라 제조된 집전체 표면의 조도가 비교예의 경우보다 증가함을 알 수 있었다. 또한 실시예 및 비교예에 따라 제조된 니켈수소전지의 활물질 이용률 및 활물질 탈락률을 측정하였다. 그 결과, 실시예에 따른 니켈수소전지는 비교예의 경우와 비교해 볼 때 활물질 이용률이 보다 증가되었고, 활물질 탈락률이 보다 감소함을 알 수 있었다.As a result of measuring the surface roughness of the current collectors prepared according to the Examples and Comparative Examples, it was found that the roughness of the surface of the current collectors manufactured according to the Examples was increased than that of the Comparative Example. In addition, the active material utilization and the active material dropout rate of the nickel-metal hydride batteries manufactured according to Examples and Comparative Examples were measured. As a result, it was found that the nickel hydride battery according to the embodiment further increased the active material utilization rate and decreased the active material dropout rate as compared with the comparative example.
본 발명에 따르면, 집전체 표면의 조도가 향상되어 집전체에 대한 활물질의 부착력이 증가하고 전도성이 개선된다. 따라서 이를 이용하면 활물질 탈락률이 감소되고 이용률이 향상된 전지를 얻을 수 있다.According to the present invention, the roughness of the current collector surface is improved to increase the adhesion of the active material to the current collector and to improve the conductivity. Therefore, by using this, a drop rate of the active material can be reduced and a battery with improved utilization can be obtained.
제1도는 통상적인 전지의 집전체를 도시한 도면이고,1 is a view showing a current collector of a conventional battery,
제2A도, 제2B도 및 제2C도는 본 발명에 따른 전지의 집전체 제조방법의 각 단계를 개략적으로 나타낸 단면도이다.2A, 2B and 2C are cross-sectional views schematically showing the steps of the current collector manufacturing method of a battery according to the present invention.
* 도면의 주요 부분에 대한 부호의 설명* Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings
1. 집전체 2. 관통공1. Current collector 2. Through hole
3. 강철 기판 4. 제1코팅층3. Steel substrate 4. First coating layer
5. 제2코팅층5. Second coating layer
Claims (6)
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Cited By (2)
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KR100445416B1 (en) * | 1997-07-28 | 2004-10-14 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | Battery collector capable of preventing short circuit and separation of active materials, and manufacturing method thereof |
US20210234169A1 (en) * | 2017-12-07 | 2021-07-29 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Jidoshokki | Electricity storage device, method for producing electricity storage device, and electrolytic plating method |
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JP6938128B2 (en) * | 2016-10-14 | 2021-09-22 | 東洋鋼鈑株式会社 | Battery current collector and battery |
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JPH05217584A (en) * | 1992-01-31 | 1993-08-27 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | Manufacture of sintered substrate for alkaline battery |
JPH0636768A (en) * | 1992-07-21 | 1994-02-10 | Shin Kobe Electric Mach Co Ltd | Electrode substrate for alkaline storage battery, its manufacture, and electrode for alkaline storage battery using it |
JPH0745283A (en) * | 1993-07-28 | 1995-02-14 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Battery use electrode and manufacture thereof |
JPH0757718A (en) * | 1993-08-10 | 1995-03-03 | Katayama Tokushu Kogyo Kk | Covering film forming method for battery negative terminal plate |
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JPH05217584A (en) * | 1992-01-31 | 1993-08-27 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | Manufacture of sintered substrate for alkaline battery |
JPH0636768A (en) * | 1992-07-21 | 1994-02-10 | Shin Kobe Electric Mach Co Ltd | Electrode substrate for alkaline storage battery, its manufacture, and electrode for alkaline storage battery using it |
JPH0745283A (en) * | 1993-07-28 | 1995-02-14 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Battery use electrode and manufacture thereof |
JPH0757718A (en) * | 1993-08-10 | 1995-03-03 | Katayama Tokushu Kogyo Kk | Covering film forming method for battery negative terminal plate |
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KR100445416B1 (en) * | 1997-07-28 | 2004-10-14 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | Battery collector capable of preventing short circuit and separation of active materials, and manufacturing method thereof |
US20210234169A1 (en) * | 2017-12-07 | 2021-07-29 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Jidoshokki | Electricity storage device, method for producing electricity storage device, and electrolytic plating method |
US11936046B2 (en) * | 2017-12-07 | 2024-03-19 | Kabushiki Kaisha Toyota Jidoshokki | Electricity storage device, method for producing electricity storage device, and electrolytic plating method |
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KR970077785A (en) | 1997-12-12 |
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