KR100367672B1 - Turbo charger engine equiped sofety device - Google Patents

Abstract

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a safety device for preventing an engine damage caused by abnormal exhaust gas and supercharged air pressure, reducing exhaust gas emissions, and detecting a damage of a waste gate actuator that bypasses the exhaust gas to alert the driver. To provide a turbocharger engine and a method for limiting the fuel amount for the safety of the turbocharger engine, the present invention is provided in the middle of the exhaust manifold and the turbine rotated by the flow energy from which the exhaust gas, and the turbine and the rotating shaft A blower connected to the intake system and suctioned and pressurized outside air to supercharge the cylinder;

A waste gate actuator installed to open and close the bypass pipe to bypass the turbine when the exhaust gas pressure is higher than a reference value;

A turbocharger engine comprising a boost pressure operating tube branched from an intake machine to supply boost air to a fuel injection amount adjustment mechanism whose fuel injection amount is adjusted in proportion to the boost air pressure,

A valve body installed in the middle of the boost pressure operation pipe;

A plunger guide hole formed so that a part of the boost air flows into the valve body;

A plunger inserted into the plunger guide hole so as to be slidably moved, one side of which is provided with a boost air pressure, and the other side of which is supported by a return spring;

A space portion formed at an outer circumference of the plunger;

A distribution hole formed in the valve body to guide the boost air to the space part;

A communication hole formed in the valve body so as to communicate with the space pressure portion and the boost pressure operating tube on the fuel injection amount adjustment mechanism in a state where the boost air pressure is lower than an allowable value;

The charge air discharge hole is formed in the valve body so that the plunger moves while compressing the return spring so that the boost air pressure is higher than the allowable value, and the charge hole is formed in the valve body to communicate with the space part and the atmosphere when the communication hole is blocked by the plunger. It is characterized by being provided.

Description

Turbocharger engine equiped sofety device

The present invention relates to a turbocharger engine, in particular a turbocharger engine having a safety device that detects a failure state of a waste gate actuator for bypassing exhaust gas and prevents damage to the engine.

If air is charged to the engine at a pressure higher than atmospheric pressure, the engine can charge a large amount of air even with the same displacement.Increasing the amount of fuel injected in proportion to this charge can improve the engine output. Diesel engines that require power are equipped with turbo chargers to supercharge the air supplied to the engines.

The turbocharger is a kind of blower that rotates the turbine 3 using the flow energy of the exhaust gas discharged from the cylinder 1 through the exhaust manifold 2, as shown in FIG. By rotating the blower (5) connected to the turbine (3) and the rotating shaft (4) according to the air is sucked by the rotation of the blower (5) is configured to send to the cylinder (1) through the intake machine (6) have.

Accordingly, when the amount of exhaust gas increases, the rotation speed of the turbine 3 also increases, and at the same time, the rotation speed of the blower 5 also increases, thereby supplying more air to the cylinder.

Therefore, it is difficult to expect the effect in a low speed operation region in which the exhaust gas flow rate of the engine is low due to the operation principle of the turbocharger that supplies the charged air to the cylinder 1.

However, since a large amount of smoke is generated at a low speed in a diesel engine, a turbine having a small size is generally used to reduce smoke and improve engine power. The size refers to the size of the nozzle for injecting the exhaust gas for rotating the turbine to the turbine, the smaller the nozzle is to increase the flow rate to increase the rotational speed of the turbine to reduce the occurrence of smoke by increasing the amount of charge air at low speed.

However, when the turbocharger is designed based on the operating conditions at low speed, on the contrary, in the high speed operation, the amount of supercharged air is excessively increased and the durability deterioration due to the high speed rotational motion of the turbine occurs.

As a solution to this problem, when the exhaust gas pressure becomes higher than the reference value, the bypass pipe 7 is provided so that the exhaust gas is bypassed without passing through the turbine, and a waste gate for opening and closing the bypass pipe 7 is provided. An actuator (Waste gate actuator) 8 is provided.

This waste gate actuator 8 includes a pressure chamber 10 branched from the housing 9, a diaphragm 11 partitioning the pressure chamber 10, and a bypass conduit 7 as shown in the detailed view of FIG. A waste gate valve 12 operable to open and close the diaphragm, an operation rod 13 connecting the diaphragm 11 and the valve 12, and an operation rod 13 and diaphragm 11 connecting the diaphragm 12. ) Is composed of a spring (14) which emits force so as to return to normal.

Accordingly, when the exhaust gas pressure is higher than the reference, the diaphragm 11 overcomes the elastic force of the spring 14 and is deformed, and the bypass pipe 7 is opened by the valve 12 falling from the valve seat. A portion of the turbine 3 is prevented by being discharged by bypassing the turbine through the bypass pipe 7 without passing through the turbine 3.

However, according to the conventional waste gate actuator 8 described above, the mounting position of the device is close to the exhaust manifold and the turbocharger through which the high-temperature exhaust gas flows, and thermal damage may occur. There is a problem that can cause a loss of functionality.

If the waste gate actuator 8 loses its function due to a failure, the turbocharger will be overwhelmed and the durability of the engine will be seriously damaged.

For this reason, as shown in FIG. 4, the safety valve provided in the intake machine 6 is provided if a separate safety device is provided on the intake machine side 6 when the air charged by the blower 5 is above a certain pressure. 15) is open to discharge the charge air into the atmosphere.

However, if the safety valve 15 is used more than a certain number of times, its function is lost, and in the engine using the mechanical injection pump, the fuel injection amount is adjusted in proportion to the boost pressure, so that the supercharged air is released into the atmosphere. In other words, the amount of fuel injection is high, but the amount of air is insufficient, causing the exhaust emissions excessively, there is a problem causing side effects such as environmental pollution.

Accordingly, the present invention has been proposed in view of the above-described objects, and an object thereof is to provide a turbocharged engine having a safety device capable of preventing engine damage caused by abnormal exhaust gas and boost pressure and reducing exhaust gas emissions. .

Another object of the present invention is to provide a turbocharger engine having a safety device capable of detecting damage to a waste gate actuator of a turbocharger engine and alerting a driver.

1 is a schematic view showing a turbocharger engine according to the present invention

2 (a) and (b) is a view showing the operating state of the safety device of the present invention

3 shows a typical mechanical injection pump

4 is a conventional turbocharged engine

5 is a detailed view of a waste gate actuator

※ Explanation of codes for main parts of drawing

3: turbine 5: blower

7: intake machine 18: fuel injection amount adjustment mechanism

19: boost pressure operating tube 20: valve body

21: plunger guide 22: plunger

23: return spring 24: space

25: distribution hole 26: communication hole

27: discharge hole 28: screw portion

31: buzzer

To this end, the present invention is installed in the middle of the exhaust manifold and the turbine is rotated by the flow energy from which the exhaust gas is discharged, and the blower is connected to the turbine and the rotating shaft is installed on the intake side, the suction to pressurize the outside air to supercharge the cylinder Wow,

A waste gate actuator installed to open and close the bypass pipe to bypass the turbine when the exhaust gas pressure is higher than a reference value;

A turbocharger engine comprising a boost pressure operating tube branched from an intake machine to supply boost air to a fuel injection amount adjustment mechanism whose fuel injection amount is adjusted in proportion to the boost air pressure,

A valve body installed in the middle of the boost pressure operation pipe;

A plunger guide hole formed so that a part of the boost air flows into the valve body;

A plunger inserted into the plunger guide hole so as to be slidably moved, one side of which is provided with a boost air pressure, and the other side of which is supported by a return spring;

A space portion formed at an outer circumference of the plunger;

A distribution hole formed in the valve body to guide the boost air to the space part;

A communication hole formed in the valve body so as to communicate with the space pressure portion and the boost pressure operating tube on the fuel injection amount adjustment mechanism in a state where the boost air pressure is lower than an allowable value;

The charge air discharge hole is formed in the valve body so that the plunger moves while compressing the return spring so that the boost air pressure is higher than the allowable value, so that the communication hole communicates with the space and the air to discharge the charge air when the communication hole is blocked by the plunger. It is characterized by being provided.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, when the plunger compresses and moves the return spring, an electrical contact portion which contacts the rear end of the plunger and conducts electricity is formed in the valve body, and a buzzer or a lighting indicator which operates when the plunger and the contact portion come into contact with each other. It is characterized in that is installed in the driver's seat.

According to claim 3 of the present invention, when the waste actuator of the turbocharger fails or an abnormally high boost pressure occurs, the boost pressure supplied to the fuel supply amount adjustment mechanism of the injection pump is operated so that the fuel injection amount is adjusted according to the change of the boost pressure. By bypassing the discharge to the outside it is characterized by a fuel amount limiting method for the safety of the turbocharged engine to reduce the fuel injection amount itself injected to the engine through the fuel supply amount adjustment mechanism.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, the configuration and operation of the present invention will be described in detail.

1 is a schematic diagram of a turbocharger engine according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a detailed view of a safety device that is a main component of the present invention, (a) is an operating state diagram in a state where a supercharged air pressure is normal, and (b) is a waste gate Fig. 3 is a view showing a mechanical injection pump used as a fuel injection amount adjusting mechanism when a supercharged air pressure is increased due to a failure of an actuator.

In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, the same reference numerals are used for the same configurations as the prior art, and duplicate descriptions and illustrations are omitted.

As a safety device of the present invention, reference numeral 17 is provided in the middle of the boost pressure operating pipe 19 which feeds and guides the boost air to the fuel injection amount adjustment mechanism 18 shown in FIG. The safety device 17 includes a valve body 20 having a plunger guide hole 21, a plunger 22, a return spring 23, a space 24, a distribution hole 25 and a communication hole 26 and a supercharger. It consists of an air discharge hole (27).

The valve body 20 is connected in the middle of the intake machine 6 via the threaded portion 28, and the plunger guide hole 21 formed in the valve body 20 has an intake machine for guiding the charge air to the cylinder side 1 ( It is formed so as to communicate with 6) is formed so as to have an axial direction corresponding to the inflow direction of the air when a part of the charge air is introduced into the plunger guide hole 21.

The plunger 22 is tightly inserted in the plunger guide hole 21 and accommodated to slidably move in the axial direction. A plunger 22 is provided with a space 28 formed by a recess on the outer circumference of the body.

The space 28 communicates with the intake machine 6 through a distribution hole 25 formed at the tip of the valve body 20.

The return spring 23 is inserted into the plunger guide hole 21 so as to strike the plunger 22 against the boost air pressure, and its elastic force is designed to match the allowable upper limit of the boost air pressure, that is, the upper limit allowed.

In the state where the boost air pressure is within the allowable value, the space 28 communicates with the boost pressure operating pipe 19 and the intake machine 6 through the communication hole 26, and when the boost air pressure becomes higher than the allowable value, The communication hole 26 is blocked by the plunger 22 body by moving while compressing the return spring 23, while the space 28 is moved to the supercharged air discharge hole while the plunger 22 is moved. Communicate to the atmosphere through (27).

And the electrical contact portion 29 is installed at the rear of the valve body 20, the plunger 22 is in contact with the rear end of the plunger when the retracted to energize the electricity, the battery 30 is supplied with a buzzer in the driver's seat ( 31) Or the lighting indicator is activated.

Referring to the operation of the present invention having such a configuration as follows.

When the engine is started and the exhaust gas is discharged, the turbine 3 and the blower 5 rotate to inhale and pressurize air, and then supply the cylinder 11 to the cylinder 11 through the intake machine 6.

At this time, part of the boost air moves the control rack 32 of the fuel injection amount adjusting mechanism 18 through the boost pressure operating pipe 19 to rotate the plunger 33 to change the effective stroke of the plunger 33 to inject the fuel. Is adjusted in proportion to the amount of charge air.

When the engine moves at high speed and the exhaust gas pressure rises above the allowable value, the waste gate actuator 8 is operated to open the bypass pipe 7 so that a part of the exhaust gas passes through the turbine 3 and passes through the turbine 3. Prevent over-rotation.

However, if the waste gate actuator 8 fails and the exhaust gas is not bypassed, the turbine 3 and the blower 5 rotate at high speed, and the boost air pressure becomes higher than the allowable value.

Accordingly, if the boost air pressure acting on the plunger 22 is higher than the allowable value, the elastic force of the return spring 23 is overcome and the plunger 22 moves to block the communication hole 26 and open the charge air discharge hole 27. To discharge part of the charge air.

When the communication hole 26 is blocked and the boost air pressure does not act on the control rack 32 of the fuel supply adjustment mechanism 18, the control rack 32 returns to its original state by the spring 34 and the plunger 33 It rotates to the minimum fuel injection position and thereby injects less fuel than the normal operating state (this is referred to as the base fuel amount and about 50 to 70% of the maximum injection fuel amount).

Therefore, since the fuel injection amount is drastically reduced, the fuel rich phenomenon caused by the external discharge of the charge air is prevented, and the exhaust gas emission is also reduced, so that the rotation speed of the turbine 3 is lowered.

On the other hand, when the plunger 22 is retracted and the boost air discharge hole 27 is opened, the rear end of the plunger 22 and the electrical contact portion 29 come into contact with each other so that the buzzer 31 of the driver's seat rings, so that the driver has a waste gate actuator ( 8) is broken down and exhaust gas is not bypassed, so the supercharged air pressure is judged to have surged, and the repair shop is repaired by checking the waste gate actuator 8 at the repair shop.

According to the present invention as described above, when the waste gate actuator, which operates to bypass the exhaust gas pressure higher than the allowable value, breaks down the charge air supplied to the fuel injection amount adjusting mechanism that adjusts the fuel supply amount in proportion to the boost air pressure. It is equipped with a safety device to discharge to the outside, thereby minimizing the fuel supply amount, thereby preventing the deterioration of exhaust gas due to the richness of the mixer, and lowering the exhaust gas pressure as the fuel injection amount decreases, thereby preventing damage due to over-rotation of the turbine. In addition, the alarm installed in the driver's seat operates to allow the driver to recognize that the waste gate actuator is in a faulty state, so that repairs can be made immediately, thereby preventing engine damage.

Claims (3)

A turbine provided in the middle of the exhaust manifold and rotating by the flow energy from which the exhaust gas is discharged, connected to the turbine and the rotating shaft, and installed on the intake machine side, and a blower that sucks and pressurizes outside air to supercharge the cylinder; A waste gate actuator installed to open and close the bypass pipe to bypass the turbine when the exhaust gas pressure is higher than a reference value; A turbocharger engine comprising a boost pressure operating tube branched from an intake machine to supply boost air to a fuel injection amount adjustment mechanism whose fuel injection amount is adjusted in proportion to the boost air pressure, A valve body installed in the middle of the boost pressure operation pipe; A plunger guide hole formed so that a part of the boost air flows into the valve body; A plunger inserted into the plunger guide hole so as to be slidably moved, one side of which is provided with a boost air pressure, and the other side of which is supported by a return spring; A space portion formed at an outer circumference of the plunger; A distribution hole formed in the valve body to guide the boost air to the space part; A communication hole formed in the valve body so as to communicate with the space pressure portion and the boost pressure operating tube on the fuel injection amount adjustment mechanism in a state where the boost air pressure is lower than an allowable value; A charge air discharge hole formed in the valve body to discharge charge air by communicating with the space and the air when the communication hole is blocked by the plunger by moving the plunger by compressing the return spring by increasing the charge air pressure above the allowable value; An electrical contact portion formed at a rear end of the valve body such that the plunger moves while compressing a return spring to contact the rear end of the plunger to form an electrically energized state when the supercharged air outlet hole is opened; A buzzer installed in the driver's seat and operating when the plunger and the electrical contact portion come into contact with each other; Turbocharger engine with a safety device, characterized in that it comprises a. delete delete