KR100350049B1 - Fluidized BioFilm Media and Method of Manufacturing The Same - Google Patents
Fluidized BioFilm Media and Method of Manufacturing The Same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- KR100350049B1 KR100350049B1 KR1019990045262A KR19990045262A KR100350049B1 KR 100350049 B1 KR100350049 B1 KR 100350049B1 KR 1019990045262 A KR1019990045262 A KR 1019990045262A KR 19990045262 A KR19990045262 A KR 19990045262A KR 100350049 B1 KR100350049 B1 KR 100350049B1
- Authority
- KR
- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- fluidized bed
- biofilm carrier
- bed biofilm
- contact material
- specific gravity
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
- C02F3/10—Packings; Fillings; Grids
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)
Abstract
본 발명은 접촉산화공법에 의한 하폐수처리시설의 포기조에 충전하는 유동상 생물막담체 및 그 제조방법에 관한 것으로, 외부에서 수류 및 기포가 원활히 통과될수 있는 망상구조로 된 합성수지 소재의 구형케이스 내부에 미생물이 부착증식되는 미생물접촉재와 비중을 조절하는 비중조절물체가 내장된 유동상 생물막담체에 있어서, 상기 합성수지 소재의 구형 케이스는 상하부 2개의 반구형케이스를 열융착하여 견고하게 일체화시키므로서 결합부위가 해체되지 않고 조립이 용이한 유동상 생물막담체 및 그 제조방법를 제공하는 것이다.The present invention relates to a fluidized bed biofilm carrier and a method for manufacturing the same, which are filled in an aeration tank of a wastewater treatment facility by a catalytic oxidation method, and include microorganisms in a spherical case of a synthetic resin material having a network structure through which water and bubbles can pass smoothly from the outside. In the fluidized bed biofilm carrier having the attached microorganism contact material and the specific gravity control object to control the specific gravity, the spherical case of the synthetic resin material is firmly integrated by heat-sealing the two hemispherical cases of the upper and lower parts and dismantling the coupling site. The present invention provides a fluidized bed biofilm carrier easy to assemble and a method of manufacturing the same.
Description
본 발명은 접촉산화공법에 따른 하폐수처리시설의 포기조에 충전하는 유동상 생물막담체 및 그 제조방법에 관한 것으로, 특히 망상의 케이스 내부에 합성수지소재의 수세미상, 세라믹 또는 활성탄 소재로 성형되었거나 입상인 미생물접촉재 등을 삽입시킨 다음 상하부의 반구형 케이스를 열융착으로 일체화시켜 결합부위가 해체되지 않고 조립이 용이한 유동상 생물막담체 및 그 제조방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a fluidized bed biofilm carrier and a method for manufacturing the same, which are filled in an aeration tank of a wastewater treatment plant according to the catalytic oxidation method, and in particular, a microorganism that is molded or granulated with a scrubber phase, ceramic or activated carbon material of a synthetic resin material inside a mesh case. The present invention relates to a fluidized bed biofilm carrier which is easy to assemble without disassembly of a bonding site by inserting a contact material and then integrating the upper and lower hemispherical cases by heat fusion.
생물막담체는 미생물을 부착 증식시켜 하폐수중의 유기성 오염물질을 분해시키는 접촉산화공법에 사용되는 것으로, 활성슬러지공법 등 다른 공법과 비교하여 슬러지 발생량이 적고, 슬러지 반송을 생략할수 있으며, 부지 소요면적이 작고, 부하변동에 탄력적으로 대응할수 있는 여러가지 장점이 있어 이용이 증가하고 있다.Biomembrane carriers are used in the contact oxidation method to attach and propagate microorganisms to decompose organic pollutants in sewage water.The sludge generation amount is smaller than that of other methods such as activated sludge method, and sludge conveyance can be omitted. Its use is increasing because it is small and has various advantages to respond flexibly to load fluctuations.
이와 같은 생물막담체는 고정상과 유동상으로 구분되며, 고정상 생물막담체는 시설비 소요가 크고, 설치에 장시간이 소요되며, 담체가 포기장치의 보수작업에 장애가 될 수 있고, 추가 증설이 어려운 문제점이 있다. 반면에 유동상 생물막담체는 포기조내에 생물막담체를 투입하는 것으로 설치가 완료되므로 설치가 용이하고, 필요에 따라 추가 투입 또는 제거가 용이하므로 충진량을 임의로 조절할 수 있는 등 여러가지 장점이 있어 사용이 증가되는 추세이다.Such biofilm carriers are classified into a fixed bed and a fluidized bed. The fixed bed biofilm carriers require large facility costs, require a long time to be installed, and carriers may interfere with the maintenance work of the aeration device, and additional expansion is difficult. On the other hand, the fluidized bed biofilm carrier is easy to install because the installation is completed by putting the biofilm carrier in the aeration tank, and it is easy to add or remove as needed. to be.
본 출원인은 유동상 생물막담체를 지속적으로 연구하여 한국특허 제105715호 오·폐수 처리용 미생물접촉재 유니트, 제108262호 비중조절이 가능한 오·폐수 처리용 미생물접촉재 유니트를 개발하여 공개한 바 있으며, 제98-26781호 세라믹담체의 비중을 조절한 생물막접촉재유니트를 특허출원중에 있다.The present applicant has continuously developed a fluidized bed biofilm carrier and developed and disclosed Korean Patent No. 105715 microorganism contact unit for wastewater treatment and No. 108262 microorganism contact unit for specific gravity control. No. 98-26781 has applied for a biofilm contact material unit that controls the specific gravity of ceramic carrier.
이 기술을 도 1에 도시된 유동상 생물막담체로 간략히 설명하면, 그 표면(10)이 망상구조의 케이스로 구성되고, 내부에는 일정한 공간이 형성된 상하부 2개의 반구형 케이스(12)가 착탈가능하게 결합된 합성수지소재의 구형케이스로 된 구조로서, 표면(10)의 개구부를 통하여 외부에서 수류와 기포가 통과되면서 내장된 미생물접촉재에 부착 증식되는 미생물에 의해 하폐수중의 유기물이 분해되며, 이 담체가 바닥이나 수면에 편중되지 않고 고르게 분포하여 원활히 유동되도록 담체내부에는 비중조절물체가 삽입되는 구조이다.Briefly described this technique as the fluidized bed biofilm carrier shown in Figure 1, the surface 10 is composed of a case of the network structure, the upper and lower two hemi-spherical case 12 having a constant space therein is detachably coupled As a spherical case of synthetic resin material, organic matter in the wastewater is decomposed by microorganisms attached to and propagated to the built-in microbial contact material as water and bubbles pass from the outside through the opening of the surface 10, and the carrier The specific gravity adjusting object is inserted into the carrier so that it is evenly distributed and smoothly distributed without being biased on the floor or the water surface.
그러나, 이와 같은 종래의 유동상 생물막담체를 실용화한 결과 다음과 같은 문제점이 발견되었다. 즉, 반구형케이스에 성형된 조립핀을 수납구에 삽입하는 방법으로 조립하여 사용함으로 유동하면서 포기조의 벽체와 충돌하여 돌출된 결합부위가 마모되어 해체되는 경우가 발생되고 상하반구의 결합부위가 일치되도록 인력으로 조립해야 하는 어려움이 있었다.However, as a result of practical use of such a conventional fluidized bed biofilm carrier, the following problems were found. In other words, by assembling and using the assembly pin formed in the hemispherical case by inserting it into the receiving port, the colliding part protruded due to collision with the wall of the aeration tank is worn out and dismantled. There was a difficulty to assemble.
본 발명은 상기한 문제점을 해소하기 위한 것으로, 조립이 용이하고 결합부위가 해체되지 않고 견고한 유동상 생물막담체 및 그 제조방법의 제공이 목적이다.The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a fluid bed biofilm carrier which is easy to assemble and is not dismantled and a solid fluidized bed biofilm carrier.
상기한 목적을 달성하기 위하여 본 발명에서는 미생물이 부착증식되는 미생물접촉재와 비중을 조절하는 비중조절물체가 내장되고 외부에서 수류 및 기포가 통과할수 있는 망상구조의 합성수지 구형케이스로 구성된 유동상 생물막담체에 있어서, 상기 합성수지소재의 구형케이스는 상하부 2개의 반구형케이스를 서로 맞대어 열융착시켜 조립한 것을 특징으로 하는 유동상 생물막담체를 제공한다.In order to achieve the above object, in the present invention, a fluidized bed biofilm carrier composed of a synthetic resin spherical case having a network structure through which a microorganism contact material to which microorganisms adhere and proliferate and a specific gravity control object to control specific gravity and through which water and bubbles can pass from the outside In the spherical case of the synthetic resin material provides a fluidized bed biofilm carrier, characterized in that the upper and lower two hemispherical cases are assembled by heat-sealing against each other.
그리고 상기 상하부 2개의 반구형 케이스를 맞대어 열융착시키는 방법은 회전시켜 발생되는 마찰열에 의해 융착시키는 방법과 각각의 상하부 반구형케이스의 접촉부위를 가열한 후 이를 압착시키는 융착방법을 사용할 수 있다.In addition, the two upper and lower hemispherical cases may be thermally fused to each other by a method of fusion by heat of friction generated by rotation and a fusion method of heating and contacting the upper and lower hemispherical cases with heat.
이와 같이 조립이 용이하고 결합부위가 넓고 견고한 열융착방법을 사용하게 되면 종래 조립핀과 조립핀 수납구를 결합시키는 조립방법에서 발생되는 조립작업의 어려움과 해체되는 문제점을 해소할 수 있게 된다.As such, when the assembly is easy, the coupling part is wide, and the rigid heat fusion method is used, it is possible to solve the problems of disassembly and disassembly caused by the assembly method of combining the assembly pin and the assembly pin receiving port.
또한 상기 케이스 내부에 삽입되는 미생물접촉재는 합성수지사에 의한 수세미상 미생물접촉재에 국한되지 않고 생체친화성과 비표면적이 큰 소재는 자유로이 사용할수 있는바, 다공성 세라믹 또는 활성탄을 일정형태로 성형하여 사용하거나 입상으로 사용할수 있다. 습윤비중이 큰 세라믹 또는 활성탄 미생물접촉재를 사용할 경우에는 비중조절물체의 삽입을 생략하거나 부력이 발생되는 가벼운 비중조절체물을 삽입하여 사용할수 있다.In addition, the microbial contact material inserted into the case is not limited to a loofah-like microbial contact material by a synthetic resin, and a material having a high biocompatibility and a specific surface area can be freely used, or formed by forming a porous ceramic or activated carbon in a predetermined form. Can be used as a granularity. In the case of using a ceramic or activated carbon microorganism contact material having a large wet specific gravity, it is possible to omit the insertion of the specific gravity control material or to insert a light specific gravity control body in which buoyancy is generated.
도 1은 종래의 유동상 생물막담체의 정면도,1 is a front view of a conventional fluidized bed biofilm carrier,
도 2a는 본 발명에 따른 유동상 생물막담체의 부분절개 단면도이고, 도 2b는 정면도이며, 도 2c는 평면도이다.Figure 2a is a partial cutaway cross-sectional view of the fluidized bed biofilm carrier according to the present invention, Figure 2b is a front view, Figure 2c is a plan view.
*도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명** Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings *
10 : 표면 12 : 반구형케이스10: surface 12: hemispherical case
100 : 미생물접촉재 102 : 비중조절물체100: microbial contact material 102: specific gravity control object
104 : 구형케이스104: spherical case
이하, 본 발명의 구성 및 작용을 첨부된 예시도면을 통하여 상세하게 설명한다.Hereinafter, the configuration and operation of the present invention will be described in detail through the accompanying drawings.
도 2a는 본 발명에 따른 유동상 생물막담체의 부분절개 단면도이고, 도 2b는 정면도이며, 도 2c는 평면도이다.Figure 2a is a partial cutaway cross-sectional view of the fluidized bed biofilm carrier according to the present invention, Figure 2b is a front view, Figure 2c is a plan view.
이 구조의 유동상 생물막담체는 미생물이 부착증식되는 수세미상 미생물접촉재(100)와, 비중을 조절하는 비중조절물체(102)가 내장되고, 외부에서 수류 및 기포가 원활히 통과될 수 있도록 망상구조의 상하부 2개의 반구형케이스를 서로 맞대어 열융착시킨 합성수지소재의 구형케이스(104)로 이루어진 유동상 생물막담체를 도시하고있다.The fluidized bed biofilm carrier of this structure has a scrubber-like microbial contact material 100 to which microorganisms adhere and grow, and a specific gravity control object 102 to control specific gravity, and has a network structure so that water and bubbles can pass smoothly from the outside. It shows a fluidized bed biofilm carrier consisting of a spherical case 104 of a synthetic resin material heat-sealed two hemispherical cases of the upper and lower sides of the.
상기 유동상 생물막담체는 다음과 같은 제조공정으로 제조될 수 있다.The fluidized bed biofilm carrier may be prepared by the following manufacturing process.
첫째는 적절한 크기로 재단된 수세미상의 미생물접촉재(100)와 비중조절물체(102)를 반구형케이스 내부에 삽입시킨 다음, 상하부의 반구형케이스의 결합부를 서로 맞대고, 상부 또는 하부의 반구형케이스중 어느 한 개의 반구형케이스를 고속 회전시키거나 두 개의 반구형케이스를 서로 반대방향으로 고속 회전시켜서 발생되는 마찰열로 융착되도록 하여 유동상 생물막담체를 제조하는 방법이다.First, insert the scrubber-like microorganism contacting material 100 and the specific gravity control object 102 cut into an appropriate size into the hemispherical case, and then engage the upper and lower hemispherical cases with each other, and then either the upper or lower hemispherical case. It is a method of manufacturing a fluidized bed biofilm carrier by fusion of friction heat generated by rotating two hemispherical cases at high speed or by rotating two hemispherical cases at high speed in opposite directions.
두번째는 적절한 크기로 재단된 수세미상의 미생물접촉재(100)와 비중조절물체(102)를 반구형케이스 내부에 삽입시키고 상하부의 반구형케이스의 결합부위를 전열판등을 이용하여 직접 가열한 다음 가열부위를 서로 맞대고 압착시켜서 융착되도록 하여 유동상 생물막담체를 제조하는 방법이다.Second, insert the loofah-like microorganism contacting material 100 and the specific gravity control object 102 cut into appropriate sizes into the hemispherical case, and directly heat the joint portions of the upper and lower hemispherical cases by using a heat transfer plate, and then heat the heating parts to each other. It is a method of producing a fluidized bed biofilm carrier by butting and fusion.
이와 같이 본 발명의 유동상 생물막담체는 상하부의 반구형케이스가 열융착되어 일체화됨으로 결합부위가 견고하여 해체되지 않고 조립이 용이하므로 종래 방법에 의한 조립작업의 어려움도 해소할 수 있게 된다.As described above, the fluidized bed biofilm carrier of the present invention has a hemispherical case of the upper and lower parts which are heat-sealed and integrated, so that the coupling part is solid and not disassembled, so that the assembly can be easily performed.
상술한 바와 같이 본 발명의 유동상 생물막담체는, 미생물접촉재와 비중조절물체를 반구형케이스 내부에 삽입한 다음 이를 열융착하는 방법으로 제조하므로 조립이 용이하고 결합부위가 견고하게 융착되어 있으므로 포기조에서 유동 및 충돌하더라도 결합부위가 해체되지 않고 반영구적으로 사용할 수 있는 효과가 있다.As described above, the fluidized bed biofilm carrier of the present invention is manufactured by inserting the microbial contact material and the specific gravity control object into the hemispherical case and then thermally fusion them, so that the assembly is easy and the bonding part is firmly fused. Even if flows and impacts, there is an effect that can be used semi-permanently without disassembling the coupling site.
Claims (5)
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR1019990045262A KR100350049B1 (en) | 1999-10-19 | 1999-10-19 | Fluidized BioFilm Media and Method of Manufacturing The Same |
| CNB001214799A CN1173894C (en) | 1999-10-19 | 2000-07-25 | Fluidized biomembrane carrier and its making method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR1019990045262A KR100350049B1 (en) | 1999-10-19 | 1999-10-19 | Fluidized BioFilm Media and Method of Manufacturing The Same |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| KR20010037626A KR20010037626A (en) | 2001-05-15 |
| KR100350049B1 true KR100350049B1 (en) | 2002-08-24 |
Family
ID=19615882
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR1019990045262A KR100350049B1 (en) | 1999-10-19 | 1999-10-19 | Fluidized BioFilm Media and Method of Manufacturing The Same |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| KR (1) | KR100350049B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1173894C (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20180109774A (en) | 2018-08-22 | 2018-10-08 | 한상배 | The Rotary Fluidized BioFilm Media with Improved Fluidity and Reaction Efficiency |
| KR20200014670A (en) | 2018-10-04 | 2020-02-11 | 한상배 | The Fluidized BioFilm Media with Improved Fluidity and Reaction Efficiency |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100453233B1 (en) * | 2002-03-20 | 2004-10-15 | 한상배 | Novel Bio-Media with improved specific surface area, bio-affinity and water-fluidization |
| CN101474549B (en) * | 2008-12-24 | 2011-07-27 | 浙江工业大学 | Stuffing with wing veins for biological treatment of exhaust gas |
| CN104261554A (en) * | 2014-09-22 | 2015-01-07 | 王迎春 | Method for treating sewage by using architectural regenerated aggregate as biomembrane carrier |
| CN108996662A (en) * | 2018-08-29 | 2018-12-14 | 郑州轻工业学院 | A kind of combined bio filler and preparation method thereof of nickel foam and iron carbon |
| CN110563170A (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2019-12-13 | 佛山市大新农生物技术股份有限公司 | Aeration ball and fluid bed using same |
| CN110526468B (en) * | 2019-09-06 | 2022-01-21 | 南京水滴环境工程有限公司 | Industrial wastewater treatment system based on high-salinity wastewater and treatment method thereof |
| KR102468429B1 (en) * | 2020-06-08 | 2022-11-22 | 경북대학교 산학협력단 | Biofilm formation inhibiting device and separation membrane water treatment system comprising the same |
| CN112376983B (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2024-05-17 | 国网河南省电力公司安阳供电公司 | Device for manufacturing terminal connection structure of pole stay wire |
| KR102614611B1 (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2023-12-15 | 주식회사 동성하이텍 | Toilet purifier |
-
1999
- 1999-10-19 KR KR1019990045262A patent/KR100350049B1/en active IP Right Grant
-
2000
- 2000-07-25 CN CNB001214799A patent/CN1173894C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20180109774A (en) | 2018-08-22 | 2018-10-08 | 한상배 | The Rotary Fluidized BioFilm Media with Improved Fluidity and Reaction Efficiency |
| KR20200014670A (en) | 2018-10-04 | 2020-02-11 | 한상배 | The Fluidized BioFilm Media with Improved Fluidity and Reaction Efficiency |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1173894C (en) | 2004-11-03 |
| CN1293156A (en) | 2001-05-02 |
| KR20010037626A (en) | 2001-05-15 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| KR100350049B1 (en) | Fluidized BioFilm Media and Method of Manufacturing The Same | |
| KR100780194B1 (en) | The Fluidized BioFilm Medias | |
| CN103553208B (en) | Aerator | |
| KR100959911B1 (en) | Floating body with a biofilm | |
| RU95122755A (en) | BIOREACTOR WITH A STABLE LAYER, ELEMENTS CARRIERS FOR SUCH REACTOR AND METHODS OF THEIR PRODUCTION | |
| CA2419778A1 (en) | Heat exchanger | |
| KR100636706B1 (en) | The Fluidized BioFilm Medias and Assembling Method thereof with Thermal Expansion and Cooling Contraction | |
| CN101648745A (en) | Magnetic seed filler taking sludge as main raw material and preparation method thereof | |
| JP2010279943A (en) | Air-diffusing pipe and method for manufacturing the same | |
| ID21580A (en) | ION EXCHANGE SYSTEM WITH MEDIA COMPLETED WHEN OPERATION OR REGENERATION BASED ON THE PRINCIPLES OF RELATED CLUSTERS | |
| JPH11226588A (en) | Microorganism carrier element for water treatment | |
| KR200417037Y1 (en) | Functional media unit having aerobic and anaerobic function | |
| CA2591700A1 (en) | Method and apparatus for the anaerobic treatment of waste | |
| US4865778A (en) | Composite diffuser assembly | |
| JP3121063B2 (en) | Microorganism carrier storage device | |
| KR960009384B1 (en) | Microorganic contactor unit for treating wastewater biologically | |
| KR20220160920A (en) | Flow-phase ceramic solid using floating housing and ceramic balls | |
| JP2003305461A (en) | Element for removing ammonia-nitrogen in liquid and method for manufacturing the same | |
| CN206407966U (en) | Expanded bed bioreactor | |
| KR200218729Y1 (en) | BioFilm Media | |
| KR102440936B1 (en) | DMR:(Dai-ho Microbe Revolution | |
| KR200324892Y1 (en) | Microorganism carrier for wastewater transaction | |
| KR20020013186A (en) | Biofilm media | |
| RU2151183C1 (en) | Fermenter | |
| CN108954340B (en) | Plastic refuse burns purification integral type's refuse treatment device |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| A201 | Request for examination | ||
| E902 | Notification of reason for refusal | ||
| E701 | Decision to grant or registration of patent right | ||
| GRNT | Written decision to grant | ||
| FPAY | Annual fee payment |
Payment date: 20120719 Year of fee payment: 11 |
|
| FPAY | Annual fee payment |
Payment date: 20130718 Year of fee payment: 12 |
|
| FPAY | Annual fee payment |
Payment date: 20140812 Year of fee payment: 13 |
|
| FPAY | Annual fee payment |
Payment date: 20150812 Year of fee payment: 14 |
|
| FPAY | Annual fee payment |
Payment date: 20160805 Year of fee payment: 15 |
|
| FPAY | Annual fee payment |
Payment date: 20170803 Year of fee payment: 16 |
|
| FPAY | Annual fee payment |
Payment date: 20180730 Year of fee payment: 17 |
|
| FPAY | Annual fee payment |
Payment date: 20190730 Year of fee payment: 18 |