KR100348816B1 - Light modulating sandwiched structure and preparation thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a light control medium comprising at least one selected from a water-soluble high molecular ether derivative and at least one selected from a water-soluble high molecular material, and one side is transparent or translucent to surround the light control medium while the light control medium is visible. A light regulating sandwich structure composed of a sealed cell for wrapping and a method of manufacturing the same.

The light control sandwich of the present invention can automatically adjust the light transmittance only as the ambient temperature rises and falls without forcibly supplying external energy, and can be manufactured from a small area to a large area at low cost. In addition, the light-controlled sandwich of the present invention is a window of a building, a window of a transportation system, a car rearview mirror, a car sunroof, a glass door, a greenhouse, a partition, a shower stall, a bath tub enclosure, a sunshade ( Sun shades, curtains, various blinds, roll screens, toys, advertising means, fashion and accessories, such as bottles, cups, plates, lampshades, etc. can be applied to a variety of applications such as light control, aesthetic design and energy saving.

Description

Sandwich structure having a light control medium and a light control medium and a method for manufacturing the same

The present invention relates to a light control medium for reducing light transmittance as temperature rises in a cell in which at least one part is transparent or translucent, and a light control sandwich structure sealed therewith, and a method of manufacturing the same. Glass doors, greenhouses, partitions, shower stalls, bath tub enclosures, glass containers, sun shades, curtains, various blinds, roll screens, toys, advertising means, fashion and accessories, bottles, It can be applied to light control and aesthetic design such as lamp and energy saving use. The invention can also be used with heating and / or cooling means.

Conventional light control media are sensitive to electrical signals or degrees of light. One example of such a photoactive means is photochromic glass, which darkens as the level of incident light increases. Another example of a light control medium is a layered liquid crystal, an electrochromic coating film, which is electrically controlled and separates several parts such as two electrode layers and an insulating or polarizing layer. in need.

For example, in US Pat. No. 4,190,451 (by Cornig Glass Works), there is a photochromic glass that adjusts light as the level of incident light becomes darker. However, the invention has not been widely used in addition to sunglasses due to cost problems due to efficiency and large manufacturing difficulties. US Pat. No. 4,959,247 (by Donnelly Corporation) has an electrochromic coating that modulates color by applying an electric field to control light. However, the present invention is not yet commercialized due to the efficiency in manufacturing (expensive coating equipment is required to implement a large area light control system) and expensive raw materials and separate parts (two transparent conductive layers). Type degree comes out. In addition, an external energy supply, such as electricity, is essential for operation. In US Patent No. US Pat. No. 5,150,233 (by Canon Kabushiki Kaisha), there is a layered liquid crystal in which light is controlled by changing the direction of the liquid crystal in molecular units when an electric field is applied. Like electrochromic, expensive raw materials (liquid crystal) and separate parts (two transparent conductive layers, insulating layers, and polarizing layers) are required, and a high degree of cleanliness is required to implement a light control system. In order to realize the cost, the cost is greatly increased, and it is mainly used for the display of small area information devices (eg, laptop computer screen, electronic clock, etc.). In addition, the light control system can only realize changes in the translucent and relatively clear levels. In fact, some Japanese companies and France's raw spinning yarns sell large-area layered liquid crystal systems for office partitions and store windows, but their demand was extremely limited due to their high price (about 1 million won / square meter).

Accordingly, the present invention has been made to solve the above problems, the object of the present invention is to use a relatively inexpensive raw material (composition), and does not require separate parts such as electrodes and insulating layers or polarizing plates, so small to large It is possible to easily and inexpensively manufacture up to an area, and also to provide a light control medium and a light control sandwich structure sealing the light transmission medium which can automatically adjust the light transmittance according to the change of the ambient temperature without requiring forcible external energy. In addition, according to the present invention, not only two transparent and opaque transmittances, such as layered liquid crystals and electrochromic, but also transparent or translucent at room temperature (about 20 ° C.) according to the type of the composition of the present invention, the transmittance gradually changes when the temperature rises. Various translucent or opaque transmittances can be realized, that is, having a transmittance gradient with respect to temperature, the transmittance gradually decreases as the temperature increases, and the reaction temperature of the composition is different according to the composition ratio design of each material in one composition. There is an advantage that can have a reaction temperature.

Figure 1a shows a slightly diagonal cut of the upper layer of the perspective view of the light control sandwich structure of the most basic form consisting of a light control medium and two cover layers, spacers and sealants of the present invention.

FIG. 1B shows a portion of a side cross-sectional view of a light control sandwich structure in the form of the light control medium of the present invention and two cover layers, one intermediate layer, a dry air or inert gas layer, a spacer and a sealant.

1C shows a portion of a side cross-sectional view of a light control sandwich structure consisting of the light control medium of the present invention and two cover layers, one interlayer, a spacer or partition, a dry air or inert gas layer, a spacer and a sealant.

FIG. 1D shows a portion of a side cross-sectional view of a light control sandwich structure composed of spacers and sealants of the light control medium of the present invention and two cover layers, one intermediate layer, gas and liquid, and an inlet and outlet.

Figure 1e shows a part of a side cross-sectional view of a light control sandwich structure consisting of a light control medium of the present invention, two cover layers, heating or / and cooling means and a protective layer, electrical energy supply means, wires, spacers and sealants.

1F shows a portion of a side cross-sectional view of a light control sandwich structure consisting of a light control medium, two cover layers, a pattern or picture or photo layer, a spacer and a sealant of the present invention.

1G shows a portion of a side cross-sectional view of a light control sandwich structure consisting of a light control medium, two cover layers, spacers or partitions, spacers and sealants of the present invention.

Figure 2a is a slight diagonal cut of the top layer of a perspective view of a light control sandwich structure of the most basic configuration consisting of a light control medium of the present invention, two cover layers and a hot melt seal that partially melts and seals the cover layer thereof. To show.

FIG. 2B is a light control sandwich structure consisting of a hot-melt seal in which a light control medium of the present invention, two cover layers, and a hot melt seal are partially melt-bonded and sealed in various forms, such as a continuous lattice shape or a honeycomb shape, at the edge and the middle of the cover layer. Will show part of the side cross-sectional view.

FIG. 2C shows a portion of a side cross-sectional view of a light control sandwich structure consisting of a light control medium of the present invention, two cover layers of two layers, and a hot melt seal that is adhesively sealed by partially melting the edge of the cover layer.

Figure 3 is a mixture of Figures 1a and 2a, the light control medium of the present invention, four cover layer, the light control sandwich consisting of a hot melt seal, spacer and sealant bonded by partially melting the edges of the two cover layers of the present invention; A portion of the side cross section of the structure is shown.

Figure 4 shows a perspective view cut in half of the light control sandwich structure consisting of the light control medium and the cover layer and the sealant of the present invention.

<Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

10: cover layer 20: cover layer

30: light control medium 40: primary sealant

50: spacer or primary sealant 60: secondary sealant

70: hot melt seal or adhesive 80: intermediate layer

90: gas and liquid inlet and outlet 100: patterned partition or spacer

110: dry air or inert gas 120: heating and / or cooling means

130: protective layer 140: pattern or photo or painting layer

150: electric energy supply means 160: electric wire

200: cover layer 220: cover layer

200 ': cover layer 220': cover layer

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Figures 1a and 2a is the most basic form of the light control sandwich structure of the present invention, which is a light layer of the intermediate light modulating medium (30) as shown, at least one portion of the transparent cover layer (visible inside) A light control sandwich structure surrounded by a cover layer and filled and sealed in a cell made of a spacer 50 and sealants 40 and 60 which maintain and seal the gap of the cover layer, and intermediate light. Light-controlled sandwich structure filled and sealed in a cell consisting of a hot melt seal 70 in which the conditioning medium 30 partially melts and seals the lid layers 10, 20 instead of the spacer 50 and sealants 40, 60. The upper part of the perspective view of the is cut slightly diagonally. The gap between the cover layers 10 and 20 filled with the light control medium 30 of the present invention is not particularly limited, and may be about 0.01 to 10 mm, but the thickness may be about 0.1 to 3.0 mm. It is enough to block the light. The cover layers 10 and 20 used in the present invention may be glass, plastic, ceramic, and metal, but part of the cover layers 10 and 20 should be transparent so that the inside of the cell can be seen in one direction, and the cover layers 10 and 20 on one side thereof. May be a multilayer of one or more layers. Types of glass that can be used include, but are not limited to, general transparent glass, translucent glass, etched glass, colored glass, tempered glass, laminated glass, wired glass, heat absorbing glass, heat reflecting glass, ultraviolet absorbing glass, metal coated glass, and the like. Silver transparent or translucent acrylic resin, polycarbonate, as well as general PET film, heat shield film, UV protection film, metal coated film or Saran film ( There is no limitation such as a special film such as Saran film made by Dow Product) and Aclar film made by Allied Product, and the metal may be a general aluminum plate, a color coated aluminum plate, or a copper plate. Sealants 40 and 60 used in the present invention serves to suppress the water contained in the light control medium of the present invention to evaporate and reduce the outside of the cell, polyvinyl buty used in the manufacture of ordinary multilayer glass or laminated glass Polyvinyl butyral, epoxy resin, acrylic resin, polyisobutylene or polysulfide, etc. may be used, or frit, a low temperature molten glass paste, may be used. have. These sealants have different characteristics such as heat curability and photocurability, and thus may be selected and used as needed in the manufacturing process of the light control sandwich structure of the present invention. The reason why the sealant is used as the primary sealant 40 and the secondary sealant 60 is to provide a more solid seal. The spacer 50 of the present invention serves to maintain a constant gap of the light control medium in the cell between the cover layers 10 and 20, and may be glass, plastic, ceramic, metal, or the sealant material described above. This can be used.

The present invention is based on the basic structure of Figures 1a and 2b is possible light control sandwich structure having a variety of different structures depending on the application or needs.

FIG. 1B shows that the light control medium 30 of the present invention is surrounded by two layers, namely the cover layer 10 and the intermediate layer 80, and another cover layer 20 at intervals between the empty spaces. By providing a space 110 filled with dry air or an inert gas in the empty space, it is possible to obtain a light control sandwich structure having an improved sound insulation and insulation effect. The gap between the cover layer 10 and the intermediate layer 80 filled with the light control medium 30 of the present invention is not particularly limited, but may be between 0.01 and 10 mm, but a thickness of about 0.1 to 3.0 mm is appropriate. Space intervals filled with dry air or inert gas can be from 0.5mm to 28mm, and the wider the gap, the better the sound insulation and insulation effect. The intermediate layer 80 may use the same material as the cover layer 10.

FIG. 1C illustrates a light control sandwich structure in which a spacer 50 or a partition wall 100 having a desired shape is added to a space 110 filled with dry air or an inert gas based on the basic structure of FIG. 1A. By adding the spacer 50 or the partition wall 100 of a desired shape, the gaps filled with the dry air or the inert gas may be kept constant, and a light control sandwich structure having a simple feeling may be realized.

1D is based on the basic structure of FIG. 1A, wherein the light control medium 30 of the present invention is surrounded by two layers, a cover layer 10, and an intermediate layer 80, and another spaced one is spaced apart. Partial side cross-sectional view of a light control sandwich structure enclosed by two cover layers 20 and having an inlet and outlet 90 to allow a particular gas or liquid to enter or exit a portion of the cover layer 20. By providing such an inlet and outlet 90, a natural or forcible cold or hot liquid or gas can be allowed to enter and exit to arbitrarily control the reaction of the light regulating medium 30 to the heat, that is, light control.

FIG. 1E shows that the light control medium 30 of the present invention is surrounded by two cover layers 10, 20 based on the basic structure of FIG. 1A, between the light control medium 30 and the cover layer 10 on one side. Shows a part of a side cross-sectional view of a light control sandwich structure having a heating and / or cooling means 120 and a protective layer 130. The heating means 120 may be a transparent conductive coating, that is, an indium tin oxide coating (ITO coating), a carbon paste (carbon paste), a metal paste (metal paste), or an exothermic metal wire may be used. . The structure of the present invention can be applied to a field capable of forcibly and arbitrarily controlling light by providing a heating means, deviating from the basic form of automatically adjusting light according to the ambient temperature. In addition, in the basic structure of FIG. 1E, a means having a heating and cooling function may be adopted instead of the heating means 120. The heating and / or cooling means 120 may be a thermo electric module. Can be used. In the case of using a thermoelectric element, unlike the heating means 120 in the cover layer in FIG. 1E, it is applied to the outside of the cover layer, and the protective layer 130 is unnecessary. The thermoelectric device utilizes a thermoelectric semiconductor that performs heating and cooling, which is produced and sold by Hanmac Co., Ltd. in Korea, and manufactured and sold by Komatsu Electric Co., Ltd. in Japan.

FIG. 1F illustrates the light control medium 30 of the present invention surrounded by two cover layers 10 and 20 based on the basic structure of FIG. 1A, between the light control medium 30 and the cover layer 20 on one side. A portion of the side cross-sectional view of a light control sandwich structure in the form of a desired pattern, picture or photo layer 140 is shown. It is mainly a structure that can be used to give an aesthetic aspect.

Figure 1g is based on the basic structure of Figure 1a, divides the cell into a plurality of empty spaces with a spacer 50 or a partition wall 100 between the two cover layers (10, 20), each blank space of the present invention A portion of the side cross-sectional view of a light control sandwich structure in the form of a light control medium 30 filled with different composition ratios of different characteristics is shown. In this way, the light control medium 30 reacting at different temperatures can be divided and arranged in accordance with a desired pattern, thereby enabling application in aesthetic applications or displays. In addition, a structure including a heating means such as a heating metal wire may be implemented in the center portion of the spacer 50 or the partition wall 100.

FIG. 2B shows the light control medium 30 of the present invention surrounded by two cover layers 200 and 220 based on the basic structure of FIG. 2A, and a lattice continuous between the edges and the middle of the cover layers 200 and 220. A portion of a side cross-sectional view of a light control sandwich structure consisting of cells consisting of a hot melt seal 70 that is adhesively sealed by partially melting the cover layer in shape or honeycomb is shown. It is a structure useful mainly when the cover layers 200 and 220 are made of a flexible thermoplastic resin or a selected film, and may have two or more cover layers on one side.

FIG. 2C shows that the light control medium 30 of the present invention is surrounded by two cover layers 200/200 'and 220/220' on each side based on the basic structure of FIG. 2A. / 200 ', part of a side cross-sectional view of a light control sandwich structure in the form of a cell consisting of a hot melt seal 70 that is partially melted and adhesively sealed at the edges. When the material of the cover layer (200/200 ', 220/220') is mainly a weak material that suppresses the evaporation of moisture of the light control medium 30 or the cover layer (200/200 ', 220/220') It is used to add strength, and the cover layer on one side may further be two or more layers.

FIG. 3 is a mixture of FIGS. 1A and 2A, wherein the light control sandwich structure of FIG. 2A is filled and sealed in a cell consisting of a hot melt seal 70 in which the cover layer is partially melted and adhesively sealed to cover the lid layer. Is inserted into a cell consisting of two cover layers (10, 20), the light control sandwich filled with dry air or an inert gas in the space between the light control sandwich structure of Figure 2a and the two outer cover layers (10, 20) Show part of the side cross section of the structure. By doing so, it is possible to achieve a structure having the light control medium layer 30 and the dry air or inert gas layer 110 of the present invention without making the gap between the outermost cover layers large, thereby improving the thermal insulation while occupying a small space. And a sound insulation effect can be obtained.

The present invention is not limited to the above structure, and the above structures can be combined in various forms as shown in FIG. 3. For example, the hot melt seal 70 used in FIGS. 2A and 2B, 2C and 3 may be applied to the seal in the light control sandwich structure of FIG. 1B instead of the spacer 50 and sealants 40 and 60. have. Likewise, in the light control sandwich structures of FIGS. 1C to 1G, the hot melt seal 70 may be substituted, and in FIG. 3, the light consisting of several cells of FIG. 2B instead of the single light control sandwich structure of FIG. 2A. The control sandwich structure may be adopted, or the light control sandwich structure in which one cover layer 200/200 ', 220/220' of FIG. 2C is doubled may be adopted, and each structure may be It is also possible to attach an a- or c-shaped metal and plastic frame at the edges for further sealing with a sealant, ie a seal with a tertiary sealant. In addition, the shape of the light control sandwich structure can be implemented in various forms, such as planar, dish, oval, cylindrical, conical, irregular shape as shown in FIG. 4 without limitation. For example, the columnar shape can be applied in the form of a cup or a bottle as shown in Figure 4, the conical shape in the form of a lampshade for dimming.

The light control medium 30 is a composition consisting of at least one water-soluble polymeric ether derivative, at least one water-soluble polymeric material, and water. ) Is transparent or translucent at room temperature and then decreases light transmittance as the temperature increases. The water used for the light control medium 30 is selected from purified water or alcohol water. Water soluble high molecular ether derivatives useful in the present invention include functional groups of the ether. Specific examples of water soluble high molecular ether derivatives include cellulose methyl ether containing 25% to 33% methoxy groups, cellulose ethyl ether containing 24% to 41% ethoxy groups, cellulose 2 At least one group consisting of cellulose 2-hydroxypropyl methyl ether, cellulose 2-hydroxy-propyl ether, poly methyl vinyl ether May be selected, and water-soluble polymer ether derivatives having an average molecular weight in the range of approximately 10,000 to 1,000,000 are useful. Several substances have been known to aggregate and precipitate as the temperature rises in an aqueous solution. According to the reference, these water-soluble transparent solutions coagulate and precipitate as the temperature rises to change into an opaque state, and finally, phase separation occurs into two layers, a transparent upper layer and an opaque lower layer. This precipitation is known to be due to an increase in temperature or to interference with the hydration of an aqueous solution of thermally sensitive material by certain ions. However, phase separated solutions are an obstacle to the practical use of light control structures that require relatively stable and reversible media.

Thus, the inventors disperse at least one water soluble polymer ether derivative in at least one water soluble polymer material in order to overcome this phase separation and to obtain a relatively stable and reversible light control medium. Specific examples of water-soluble high molecular materials useful in the present invention include polyacrylic acid, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyacrylamide, hydroxyethyl cellulose ), Carboxy methyl cellulose (sodium salt), gelatin, copolymer of acrylamide with vinyl alcohol, vinylpyrrolidone-acrylamide copolymer at least one of the group consisting of acrylamide with vinyl pyrrolidone, copolymer of acrylamide with diacetone acrylamide, and copolymer of methyl vinyl ether with maleic acid Can be selected. The average molecular weight of the water soluble high molecular material useful in the present invention is in the range of approximately 9,000 to 1,000,000. By dispersing the water soluble high molecular ether derivative in the water soluble high molecular material, the tendency of phase separation is significantly reduced. At elevated temperatures, small droplets of the dispersed aqueous solution of polymeric ether derivatives become cloudy and opaque, but the water-soluble polymeric material reduces coagulation as a matrix, thereby reducing phase separation in the entire area of the medium and making the polymer opaque. Dispersed droplets of an ether derivative aqueous solution are believed to scatter light and reduce light transmission. And, although loose, some selected water soluble polymeric materials, such as polyvinyl alcohol, have chemical bonds at the surface of some selected substrates, such as glass, in the substrates of the cells of the inventive sandwich structures, resulting in light conditioning media as matrices. It is believed to further improve the stability. Approximately 10 parts by weight of the water-soluble polymer ether derivative may be dispersed in approximately 10-860 parts by weight of the water-soluble polymer material. The lower the concentration of the water-soluble polymer ether derivative relative to the water-soluble polymer material, the more stable the light control medium is. That is, when 10 parts by weight or more of the water-soluble polymer ether derivative is dispersed in a high concentration in 10 parts by weight of the water-soluble polymer material, the light control medium tends to become unstable and phase separation occurs, making it impossible to use, 860 parts by weight of the water-soluble polymer If the water-soluble polymer ether derivative is dispersed at an extremely low concentration of 10 parts by weight or less with respect to the material, the light control medium becomes more stable, but it is difficult to achieve the purpose of lowering the light transmittance due to the poor characteristics of the temperature reaction. With exceptions, it is preferred that the average molecular weight of the water soluble polymeric material is higher than that of the water soluble polymeric ether derivative. Usually, the higher the average molecular weight, the higher the viscosity. The dispersibility and stability of the water-soluble polymer ether derivatives with respect to the water-soluble polymer substance vary depending on the type of substance, the characteristics, and the concentrations.

In addition, the dispersion of the water-soluble polymer ether derivative in the water-soluble polymer material allows various light transmittances, ie, transparent, bright translucent, translucent, dark translucent and opaque, depending on the concentration and the respective characteristics.

The water used for the light control medium will be selected from ordinary purified water or alcohol water. The amount of water in the light control medium is 10 to 14,000 parts by weight, preferably 20 to 11,000 parts by weight based on 10 parts by weight of the water-soluble polymer ether derivative. Dilute concentrations up to 11,000 parts by weight for substantially 10 parts by weight of water soluble polymer ether derivatives result in low costs.

The temperature of induction of the light control medium mainly depends on the inherent precipitation temperature of the water soluble polymer ether derivative. Each water soluble high molecular ether derivative has an inherent settling temperature, but is generally concentration dependent. To some extent, the lower the concentration, the higher the precipitation temperature point. The precipitation temperature point can be adjusted by adding any inorganic or organic material. Inorganic materials such as metal salts are known to reduce the precipitation temperature point of water soluble high molecular ether derivatives. It is believed that the ions of the metal salts inhibit the hydration of the aqueous polymer ether derivative. According to the inventor's experiments, almost all water-soluble metal salts have been observed to lower the precipitation temperature point, but water-soluble metal salts having alkali or alkaline earth ions such as lithium, sodium, potassium and calcium are useful. I knew that. Preferred examples are chlorides, sulfur oxides, sulfites, nitrates and hydroxides having the above metal ions of alkali or alkaline earth. It is not essential to add water soluble metal salts to the light control medium, but about 0.1 to 35 parts by weight, preferably 0.3 to about 10 parts by weight of the water soluble polymer ether derivative, when it is necessary to lower the sensitivity temperature depending on the application. ˜25 parts by weight may be added. The concentration of the metal salt that does not cause precipitation of the water-soluble polymer ether derivative at room temperature depends on the kind, properties and concentration of the water-soluble polymer ether derivative.

The aqueous solution of the water soluble polymeric material and / or the water soluble polymeric ether derivative may comprise at least one or more selected water-soluble cross-linking agents for stable media. When at least one selected water soluble crosslinking agent is included, at least one water soluble high molecular material or water soluble high molecular ether derivative must be capable of crosslinking by UV reaction with at least one water soluble crosslinking agent, and the water soluble crosslinking agent useful in the present invention is dichromic acid. Ammonium dichromate, sodium dichromate, benzidine tetrazonium chloride, 3,3'-dimethylbenzidine tetrazonium chloride, 4,4'-dia Formalin condensates of minodiphenylamine tetrazonium chloride (4,4'-diaminodiphenylamine tetrazonium chloride), 3,3'-diethylbenzidine tetrazonium sulfate (3,3'-diethylbenzidine tetrazonium sulfate), and diazodiphenylamine A formalin condensation product of diazodiphenylamine, or a double salt apparent, 4,4'-dia Midostylben-2,2'-disulfonic acid or salts thereof (4,4'-diazidostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid or a salt thereof), 4,4'-diazidobenzalacetophenone-2-sulfonic acid (4,4'-diazidobenzalacetophenone-2-sulfonic acid), 4,4'-diazidostilbene-2-carboxylic acid or a salt thereof), 4,4 One or more may be selected from the group consisting of '-diaminostilben-2,2'-disulfonic acid disodium salts (4,4'-diaminostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid disodium salt). It is believed that the droplets of the dispersed aqueous solution of polymeric ether derivatives are trapped in the crosslinked network of the above water-soluble polymer material, thereby making the light control medium more stable. That is, it is believed that the crosslinked network of water soluble high molecular materials reduces the aggregation of dispersed droplets of aqueous polymer ether derivatives.

At least one water soluble crosslinker may also be used as an organic material to lower the temperature of the sensitive water ether derivative. Fully crosslinked water soluble high molecular ether derivatives are insoluble in water. However, it is believed that partially crosslinked water soluble high molecular ether derivatives have both water soluble and insoluble functional groups to lower the temperature point at which they gel or become hazy. In addition, crosslinking of the at least one selected water soluble polymer ether derivative with at least one selected water soluble polymer material will somewhat reduce the tendency to agglomerate and precipitate at high temperatures to phase separate, thus making the light control medium more stable. As a result, the water-soluble crosslinking agent has a complex action, that is, not only the crosslinking of the water-soluble polymer material itself, but also the crosslinking between the water-soluble polymer material and the water-soluble polymer ether derivative, and the light control medium of the present invention is relatively loose because it contains a large amount of water. It is to improve the chemical bonding between the water-soluble polymer material and the substrate of the cell constituting the sandwich structure, and to lower the reaction temperature of the water-soluble polymer ether derivative. The content of the water soluble crosslinker will be 0.05 to 3.0, preferably 0.1 to 2.5 parts by weight, relative to 10 parts by weight of the water soluble high molecular material and / or the water soluble high molecular ether derivative.

In addition, other materials, such as surfactants or pigments, may be included in the light control medium to improve fluidity or to achieve the desired color. Specific examples of surfactants can be Triton X series and Tween series. The amount of such surfactant added is preferably 0.01 to 0.3 parts by weight based on 10 parts by weight of the light control medium. The pigments will be almost all kinds of water soluble dyes and pigments. The addition amount of the water-soluble dye is suitably 0.001 to 0.3 parts by weight with respect to 10 parts by weight of the light control medium. In addition, antioxidants and ultraviolet absorbers may be added to reduce degradation of the light control medium by ultraviolet rays or oxygen. Such antioxidants and / or ultraviolet absorbers should be water soluble and their addition amount is suitably 0.001 to 0.3 parts by weight relative to 10 parts by weight of the light control medium. In addition, since the light control medium contains a large amount of water, it may freeze when used at sub-zero temperatures as well as the temperature of the image. As the organic material, at least one selected alcohol from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, butanol, 2-butanol, ethylene glycol and propylene glycol may be used as alcohol water of the light control medium of the present invention. Can be used. The organic material not only prevents freezing but also increases or decreases the temperature response of the light control medium to heat, thereby improving the dispersibility or stability of some light control media. The amount of the organic substance added depends on the function of focusing on preventing freezing or increasing the response temperature or improving the dispersibility, or depending on the concentration, mutual affinity and respective characteristics of the light control medium, but the weight of water in the light control medium 10 0.01-10 weight part is suitable with respect to a part.

The manufacturing process of the light control sandwich structure of the present invention can be largely made of two. In the first process, substrates such as cover layers 10, 20, 200, 220, 200 ′, 220 ′ or intermediate layers 80 and hot melt seals such as spacers 50 and sealants 40, 60 ( 70) or the cell 100 is formed by the partition 100, and the light control medium 30 of this invention is inject | poured into the empty space of the cell, and there exists a process of sealing.

Referring to the manufacturing process of Figure 1a, which is the most basic structure of the present invention by way of example, the cover layer, washing or foreign material removal, spacer containing sealant arrangement, assembly, adhesion, injection, injection port sealing, secondary sealing, inspection, etc. As the layer, substrates of various materials are used, and impurities such as oil or other organic substances on the surface of the substrate are removed in a cleaning or debris removing process, and a sealant containing spacers in a desired shape or size is arranged on one of the cleaned substrates. Subsequently, in the assembling process, the opposite substrate is covered on the substrate on which the sealant is arranged, and the assembled substrates are bonded by hot pressing, pressing, and ultraviolet curing according to the type of the sealant arranged to form a cell. do. At this time, the arrangement of the sealant, that is, the method of forming the partition wall constituting the cell is arranged according to the type and characteristics of the sealant, the film cut to a predetermined width and height, by using a sealant extruder, or by screen printing There is a method of arranging the sealant by printing the sealant at least once or more times. The light control medium 30 of the present invention is injected into the empty space of the formed cell, which is injected after a defoaming process of removing bubbles from the light control medium before injection, and defoaming process once again before the injection hole sealing. Also go through. When the crosslinking agent is contained in the light control medium, defoaming is performed after irradiating UV light for about 10 seconds to 24 hours according to the concentration and properties of the crosslinking agent, the water-soluble polymer ether derivative and the water-soluble polymer material, and the ultraviolet light lux. Seal the inlet after roughing. Defoaming process is performed by a vacuum pump (vacuum pump). As the injection method, a forced injection method using a pump and a cell assembled and bonded to a vacuum chamber (chamber) are put into a vacuum state, and then the injection method using a pressure difference according to the vacuum state is suddenly removed. The injection port of the cell into which the light control medium is injected is sealed with the primary sealant used in the spacer-containing sealant arrangement, followed by secondary sealing with the secondary sealant. After the second sealing, the light-controlled sandwich structure is finally inspected and finalized.

In addition, the manufacturing process of Figure 2a, which is the basic structure of the present invention will be described as an example, it consists of a cover layer, washing or removing the foreign matter, assembling, gluing, injecting, sealing the inlet, inspection, etc. The same process is followed by an assembling process in which the cleaned substrates are opposed to each other, followed by a hot melt sealing in which the edges of the substrate are partially melted and bonded, or an adhesion process in which the adhesive is applied. The light control medium 30 of the present invention is injected into the empty space of the formed cell, which is injected after a defoaming process of removing bubbles from the light control medium before injection, and defoaming process once again before the injection hole sealing. Go through When the crosslinking agent is contained in the light control medium, defoaming is performed after irradiating UV light for about 10 seconds to 24 hours according to the concentration and properties of the crosslinking agent, the water-soluble polymer ether derivative and the water-soluble polymer material, and the ultraviolet light lux. Seal the inlet after roughing. Defoaming process is performed by a vacuum pump (vacuum pump). As the injection method, a forced injection method using a pump and a cell assembled and bonded to a vacuum chamber (chamber) are put into a vacuum state, and then the injection method using a pressure difference according to the vacuum state is suddenly removed. The inlet of the cell into which the light control medium is injected is again hot melt sealed or inlet sealed with primary or secondary sealant. After the injection port is sealed, the light control sandwich structure is finally inspected and finalized.

In a second process, one of the substrates 10, 200, such as at least two cover layers 10, 20, 200, 220, 200 ′, 220 ′ or the intermediate layer 80, which constitutes the cell. 200/200 ', after applying the light control medium 30 of the invention on one side, it is surrounded by another substrate 20, 220, 220/220', 80 and spacer 50, sealant (40, 60) or hot melt 70 is a process for producing a light control sandwich structure of the present invention by forming a cell with a sealing means.

Referring to the manufacturing process of FIG. 1A, which is the basic structure of the present invention, as an example, a cover layer, washing or removing foreign matter, temporary partition wall arrangement, light control medium application, drying, temporary partition wall removal, spacer-containing sealant array, assembly, adhesion, water Or light control media injection, injection port sealing, secondary sealing, inspection, etc., and the cleaning or debris removing process is the same as the first step, and temporary partitions are arranged with a tape having a constant thickness and width on one of the cleaned substrates. . The light regulating medium of the present invention is applied to a substrate on which temporary barrier ribs are arranged and completely or partially dried. When the light control medium is dried, the temporary bulkhead is removed and the sealant containing the spacer is arranged in a desired shape or size. Subsequently, in the assembling process, the opposite substrate is covered on the substrate on which the sealant is arranged, and then assembled according to the type of the sealant arranged. The substrates are adhered by a selected method such as hot press or pressure or ultraviolet curing to form a cell. Purified water or light control medium is injected into the empty space of the formed cell by the volume of the previously designed empty space. At this time, the light control medium 30 having the original composition ratio or the light control medium 30 having another composition ratio can be achieved by arranging the spacer-containing sealant according to the predesigned conditions and adjusting the conditions of the assembly and bonding process. Can be. Defoaming is also performed before sealing the inlet. When the crosslinking agent is contained in the light control medium, defoaming is performed after irradiating UV light for about 10 seconds to 24 hours according to the concentration and properties of the crosslinking agent, the water-soluble polymer ether derivative and the water-soluble polymer material, and the ultraviolet light lux. Seal the inlet after roughing. Defoaming process is performed by a vacuum pump (vacuum pump). The inlet of the cell is sealed with the primary sealant that was used in the spacer containing sealant arrangement followed by secondary sealing with the secondary sealant. After the second sealing, the light-controlled sandwich structure is finally inspected and finalized. In addition, the sealant arrangement process may be performed next to the partition wall immediately after the application of the light control medium without the drying step or the partition wall removal step. At this time, the partition wall serves as a spacer.

In addition, the manufacturing process of Figure 2a, which is the basic structure of the present invention will be described by way of example, cover layer, cleaning or debris removal, temporary partition wall arrangement, light control medium application, drying, temporary partition wall removal, assembly, adhesion, water or light control medium It consists of injection, injection port sealing, inspection, and the like until the temporary bulkhead is removed, and then in the assembly process, the opposite substrate is covered on the substrate on which the dried medium is placed, and the edge of the substrate is partially heated and melted to bond. Hot melt sealing is performed, or an adhesion process for adhering the substrates to which the adhesive is applied in advance is performed. Purified water or light control medium is injected into the empty space of the formed cells. Defoaming process is performed before sealing the inlet. When the crosslinking agent is contained in the light control medium, defoaming is performed after irradiating UV light for about 10 seconds to 24 hours according to the concentration and properties of the crosslinking agent, the water-soluble polymer ether derivative and the water-soluble polymer material, and the ultraviolet light lux. Seal the inlet after roughing. Defoaming process is performed by a vacuum pump (vacuum pump). The inlet of the cell is sealed with the primary sealant that was used in the spacer containing sealant arrangement followed by secondary sealing with the secondary sealant. After the second sealing, the light-controlled sandwich structure is finally inspected and finalized. In the above drying process, if only partial drying of the light control medium is performed as previously designed without completely drying the light control medium, it may proceed without water or light control medium injection process in the latter part.

Based on the two manufacturing processes of the light control sandwich structure described above, it is possible to add or remove other necessary processes to manufacture the light control sandwich structure according to FIGS. 1B to 3 and other various combinations.

Hereinafter, the specific configuration and operation of the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Comparative Examples and Examples. The invention is not limited to the following examples.

Comparative Example 1

An aqueous polymer ether solution consisting of 10 parts by weight of poly methyl vinyl ether and 200 parts by weight of purified water was prepared. The prepared aqueous polymer ether solution was injected and sealed in an inner space made of cells of 5 millimeters in intervals with two sheets of soda ash glass of 2 millimeters thick and 10 square centimeters. The light transmittance of the sandwich structure began to decrease around 38 ° C., but phase separation precipitation began from about 50 ° C.

Comparative Example 2

An aqueous polymer ether solution consisting of 10 parts by weight of cellulose 2-hydroxy-propyl ether (average molecular weight: about 1,000,000), 3.0 parts by weight of sodium sulfate and 457 parts by weight of purified water was prepared. The prepared aqueous polymer ether solution was injected and sealed in an inner space made of cells of 5 millimeters in intervals with two sheets of soda ash glass of 2 millimeters thick and 10 square centimeters. Although the light transmittance of the sandwich structure began to decrease around 39 ° C, phase separation precipitation started from about 60 ° C.

Example 1.

A light control medium consisting of 10 parts by weight of cellulose 2-hydroxy-propyl ether (average molecular weight: about 1,000,000), 500 parts by weight of hydroxyethyl cellulose (average molecular weight: 250,000), 6.5 parts by weight of sodium sulfate and 13,000 parts by weight of purified water was prepared. . The prepared light control medium was made of a cell having an area of 8 square centimeters with a bubble of 2 millimeters thick, 2 square sheets of soda ash glass and 5 millimeters thick spacer (or / and sealant) after removing bubbles using a vacuum pump. It was injected into the inner space, and again sealed using a vacuum pump to remove bubbles. The edge of the sandwich structure was again sealed with a secondary sealant. The light control sandwich structure was transparent at room temperature 25 ° C., but the light transmittance was decreased from about 38 ° C., thereby making it translucent. Repeated tests at 25 ° C and 65 ° C showed stable results without phase separation precipitation.

Example 2

A light control medium consisting of 10 parts by weight of cellulose 2-hydroxypropyl methyl ether (average molecular weight: about 10,000), 10 parts by weight of hydroxyethyl cellulose (average molecular weight: 250,000) and 140 parts by weight of purified water was prepared. In the same manner as in Example 1, a sandwich structure having a 5-mm spacing was made, and the light control medium was injected and tested. Stable results were obtained without phase separation precipitation even at high temperatures up to 65 ° C, and the light transmittance began to decrease from about 39 ° C.

Example 3

10 parts by weight of cellulose 2-hydroxy-propyl ether (average molecular weight: about 370,000), 24 parts by weight of cellulose methyl ether (average molecular weight: about 86,000 methoxy groups: about 27.5-31.5%), 51.5 parts by weight of sodium silicate solution, 132.2 weight A light control medium consisting of parts of hydroxyethyl cellulose (average molecular weight: 250,000) and 2,875 parts by weight of purified water was prepared. A sandwich structure was made in the same manner as in Example 1, and the light control medium was injected and tested. The result was stable even at temperatures up to 65 ° C, and the light transmittance began to decrease from about 45 ° C.

Example 4

A light control medium consisting of 10 parts by weight of poly methyl vinyl ether, 64 parts by weight of polyvinyl alcohol (80% hydrolyzed), 11 parts by weight of sodium dichromate and 1,025 parts by weight of purified water was prepared. An adhesive cell of approximately 1.5 millimeters thick and width is placed on a 2 millimeter thick, 10 square centimeter soda ash glass plate to form an open cell having an area of 8 square centimeters, and the light control medium prepared in the open cell is applied and dried. I was. When properly dried, the adhesive tape is removed, and then another sheet of soda ash of the same size is opened with a sealant (Dow Corning's silicone sealant) in an open area of 8 square centimeters with a bulkhead of approximately 1.5 millimeters thick and 2 millimeters wide. The cell was made, and the adhesive tape was removed to squeeze the glass plate with only the dried medium remaining to make the cell. In making an open cell, the partition of the cell with the sealant was provided with a spacer (glass egg) about 1.0 millimeter thick. After the sealant was sufficiently dried, purified water was injected into the cell again, and the dried medium was left to stand for about 2 hours to sufficiently absorb the water and temporarily sealed. The temporarily sealed structure was exposed to ultraviolet light for about 3 hours 30 minutes. The medium first turned yellow and then gradually turned dark brown and finally dark green. As the color changed, bubbles were generated. After removing the temporary seal, bubbles in the structure were removed with a vacuum pump, and then sealed with a secondary sealant. The light control sandwich structure was made and tested, and showed a stable result even at the temperature up to 65 degreeC, and light transmittance began to fall from about 30 degreeC.

Example 5

A light control medium was prepared consisting of 10 parts by weight of poly methyl vinyl ether, 106 parts by weight of maleic acid-methylvinyl ether copolymer, and 1080 parts by weight of alcoholic water (containing 24.5 weight percent of propylene glycol). In the same manner as in Example 1, a sandwich structure having a 5-mm spacing was made, and the light control medium was injected and tested. The result was stable even at the temperature up to 65 degreeC, and the light transmittance began to fall from about 40 degreeC.

Example 6

A light control medium consisting of 10 parts by weight of cellulose 2-hydroxy-propyl ether (average molecular weight: about 100,000), 100 parts by weight of polyvinyl alcohol, 0.3 parts by weight of sodium sulfate, 13.5 parts by weight of sodium dichromate, and 1,300 parts by weight of purified water was prepared. A sandwich structure was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and the light control medium was injected and irradiated with ultraviolet rays for 1 hour to cause a crosslinking reaction. The result was stable even at the temperature up to 65 degreeC, and the light transmittance began to fall from about 40 degreeC.

Example 7

10 parts by weight of cellulose 2-hydroxy-propyl ether (average molecular weight: about 370,000), 68 parts by weight of polyvinyl pyrrolidone (average molecular weight: about 360,000), 4.0 parts by weight of sodium sulfate, 13 parts by weight of 4,4'-diazido A light control medium consisting of stilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid and 1,190 parts by weight of purified water was prepared. The prepared light control medium was degassed using a vacuum pump, and then injected into an inner space made of a cell having an area of 8 square centimeters by hot melt sealing with two 0.2 mm thick, two 10 square centimeter 2-layer PET films. In order to cause a crosslinking reaction, ultraviolet rays were irradiated for 12 hours, and then degassed again and sealed. The result was stable even at temperatures up to 65 ° C, and the light transmittance began to decrease from about 46 ° C.

As described above and described through the Examples and Comparative Examples, the light control sandwich of the present invention can automatically adjust the light transmittance according to the rise and fall of the ambient temperature without forcibly supplying external energy, and the small size at low cost. It can manufacture from area to large area. In addition, the light-controlled sandwich of the present invention is a window of a building, a window of a transportation system, a car rearview mirror, a car sunroof, a glass door, a greenhouse, a partition, a shower stall, a bath tub enclosure, a sunshade ( Sun shades, curtains, various blinds, roll screens, toys, advertising means, fashion and accessories, such as bottles, cups, plates, lampshades, etc. can be applied to a variety of applications such as light control, aesthetic design and energy saving.

Claims (8)

At least one water-soluble high molecular ether derivative selected from cellulose methyl ether, cellulose ethyl ether, cellulose 2-hydroxypropyl methyl ether, cellulose 2-hydroxy-propyl ether, poly methyl vinyl ether and polyacrylic acid, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl Pyrrolidone, Polyacrylamide, Hydroxyethyl cellulose, Carboxymethyl cellulose (sodium salt), Gelatin, Vinylalcohol-acrylamide copolymer, Vinylpyrrolidone-acrylamide copolymer, Diacetone acrylamide-acrylamide copolymer 10 parts by weight of a water-soluble polymer ether derivative in a transparent or translucent solution consisting of at least one water-soluble polymer material selected from maleic acid-methylvinyl ether copolymer, and purified water or alcoholic water. To 860 parts by weight of a water-soluble polymer material Transparent at room temperature, but light control medium, characterized in that the light transmittance decreases as the temperature rises. The light control medium according to claim 1, wherein at least one water-soluble metal salt selected from chlorides, sulfur oxides, sulfites, nitrates and hydroxides having alkali or alkali earth metal ions is added. The method of claim 1, wherein ammonium dichromate, sodium dichromate, benzidine tetrazonium chloride, 3,3'-dimethylbenzidine tetrazonium chloride, 4,4'-diaminodiphenylamine tetrazonium chloride, 3,3'-diethylbenzidine Tetrazonium sulfate, formalin condensate of diazodiphenylamine or its double salt, 4,4'-diazidostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid or its salt, 4,4'-diazidobenzalacetophenone One or more water-soluble crosslinks selected from 2-sulfonic acid, 4,4'-diazidostilbene-2-carboxylic acid or salts thereof, and 4,4'-diaminostilben-2,2'-disulfonic acid disodium salt Light control medium, characterized in that the binder is added. The light regulating sandwich structure of claim 1, wherein the light regulating medium of claim 1 is filled and sealed in a cell in which at least one portion is transparent and visible inside. 5. The light regulating sandwich structure according to claim 4, comprising heating or cooling means in whole or in part between the light regulating medium and the cover layer on one side. 5. The light regulating sandwich structure according to claim 4, wherein at least one portion constituting the cell is any image pattern. 10 parts by weight of a water-soluble polymer ether derivative in a transparent or translucent solution consisting of at least one water-soluble polymer ether derivative having an average molecular weight of 10,000 to 1,000,000, at least one water-soluble polymer substance having an average molecular weight of 9,000 to 1,000,000 and purified or alcoholic water At least one portion of the light regulating medium dispersed in the water-soluble polymer material in parts by weight to 860 parts by weight is injected into a hollow object constituting a cell in which the inside is visible and sealed, or one of the pair of substrates constituting the cell. Method of manufacturing a light control sandwich structure characterized in that the light control medium is applied (coated) on the substrate and dried to cover and seal the other substrate. 5. The light regulating sandwich structure according to claim 4, comprising heating and cooling means in whole or in part between the light regulating medium and the cover layer on one side.