KR100336305B1 - Magnetic Circuit Using Swiching - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed is a magnetic circuit in which a coil is wound in a forward direction and a reverse direction to a magnetic body, a semiconductor switch is installed at the front end of the coil winding, and current is controlled so that the induction point becomes the inflection point of the magnetic flux.

Therefore, high torque and high torque by electrical energy can be obtained.

Description

Magnetic Circuit Using Swiching

The present invention is a magnetic circuit of an electromagnet (including an electric motor) consisting of a ferromagnetic material or an induction electromagnet composed of only a winding, one of two or more coils of the coil in the forward direction (S direction), the other winding in the reverse direction (Z direction) Presenting a method and means for inducing alternating magnetic flux by one-way direct current / serial current control method by using the phenomenon that the polarity of magnetic flux changes according to the winding direction when current is controlled by the semiconductor switching element in front of the winding of each coil. It relates to an electric (electronic) circuit and a magnetic circuit for.

The alternating magnetic flux induction method has been used so far by rotating the field by mechanical energy in the generator, the magnetic flux of the field is alternately induced to the armature, and the induced magnetic flux is bridged in the coil to generate the electromotive force of the sine wave Power, suction or repulsion was obtained by alternating magnetic flux induced by alternating current through both ends of the coil wound in an electric motor or other electromagnet.

The power supply or current conducting method thus obtained is referred to as alternating current (AC).

As shown in FIG. 1, a coil 2 is wound around an iron core 1 made of a ferromagnetic material, and a direct current (DC) flows from the terminal 4 in the direction of 'ga' as shown in the electrical circuit diagram inducing alternating magnetic flux. In (5), when direct current (DC) flows in the 'I' direction, the power signal 8 appearing at the output terminals 6 and 7 is represented by alternating current (AC), and the waveform of the magnetic flux (9) is also alternating magnetic flux. Appears.

This method is similar to applying alternating current (AC) by applying a current by cross switching across the coil.

Therefore, a method of obtaining alternating magnetic flux by applying a direct current (DC) power source to a coil in a crossover manner is a reactance, that is, a cross-switching opposite to the direction of current flow in addition to the material resistance, that is, a functional resistance (AC resistance). The high voltage is required to obtain a high torque rotational power, because it occurs, which interferes with the application of current by a proportion of the frequency.

In mathematical terms, impedance is divided into reactance X, which varies greatly with material resistance R and frequency, and reactance is divided into inductive reactance and capacitive reactance. . When material resistance R, inductance L, and capacitance C, are connected in series, impedance Z is as below.

In the above formula, the alternating flux can be induced without frequency conversion.

If possible, the assumption that reactance X is eliminated and only material resistance R exists.

However, the push-pull inverter (PUSH-PULL INVERTER) shown in FIG. 2 by the conventional method of applying power can obtain a sine wave or square wave of alternating current (AC) at the output terminal 3 by applying a direct current (DC) power. The coil winding direction is unidirectional, and the current flows to the left and right by the switch around the common ground coil, causing alternating magnetic flux. Therefore, it is difficult to control the switching at both ends in real time. In addition to the interruption, if both switches installed on both ends suddenly turn on and off in order to obtain the alternating flux, the reactance which interrupts the current flow by the current flow inertia appears.

When described in detail with reference to the drawings shown in Figure 2 as follows.

As shown in FIG. 2A, when the switch 24 is turned ON while the switch 25 is turned off, the DC power source 23 starting from the positive (+) terminal flows in the “ga” direction. The common ground 26 leads to the negative terminal of the DC power source 23 along the coil 21 and the switch 24.

At this time, the waveform 27 shown in Fig. 2b appears in the output line 3,

On the contrary, when the switch 25 is turned ON and the switch 24 is turned OFF, the positive (+) of the DC power supply 23 is connected to the coil winding 22 and the switch 25 through the common ground 26 line. This leads to the negative (-) terminal of the DC power supply 23, and the waveform 28 shown in FIG. 2B is produced. When this method is repeated, the electromotive force is generated by the mutual induction at the output stage 3. To quote the digital logic, push-pull inverter (PUSH-PULL INVERTER) eventually belongs to XOR (Exclusive OR) type combined logic switch circuit.

However, this switching method does not induce mutual induction due to saturation of magnetic materials in electromagnets and transformers, and due to an unbalance between the peak values of the two switch currents due to the difference in the switching time of the switches 24 and 25. When the switches are all ON, current is not energized due to current collision, and energy consumption is increased due to leakage inductance of the magnetic material due to mutual induction and hysteresis loss occurring during mutual conversion of the N and S poles.

In particular, since this method can be implemented only with parallel control method, when current is applied to each phase, more current is required than the control method of serial structure, and heat is generated in proportion to the amount of current. May cause malfunction.

In addition, the drive method of the two-power type two-phase hybrid motor inverter shown in FIG. 3 provides a voltage higher than the rated voltage to the instantaneous motor in order to speed up the forward / reverse (CW / CCW) conversion. The purpose is to make it rise.

That is, when Tr1 (33-1) is ON and Tr3 (35-1) is ON while 24V is flowing from the power source 1 (31), forward rotation (CW) is performed (Tr4 (35-2) is OFF). On the contrary, when Tr4 35-2 is ON and Tr3 35-1 is OFF, it is comprised so that reverse rotation (CCW) may be carried out. The characteristic of this circuit is to raise the current rapidly with the help of 6.3V of the power supply 2 32 during the forward / reverse (CW / CCW) conversion so that the response is high.

However, this driving circuit has a problem that high voltage is applied again to a phase already operating with a low voltage power supply and a phase-to-phase driving control method using a parallel structure power input method, so that current efficiency cannot be maximized. .

On the other hand, Figure 4a is a three-phase motor inverter drive circuit conventionally used to obtain an appropriate magnetic field in the delta (Delta) connection or Y connection structure.

In Fig. 4A, when the switch S1 42-1 is turned on by a gate drive circuit (not shown) when the power supply 41 is flowing, the power supply is connected to the coil winding along the Va line 45 to the common ground. The flow is divided into Vb (46) and Vc (47) through the neutral point (44), and the switch S4 (42-5) at a predetermined time interval after the switch S6 (42-6) is turned on according to the switching sequence. Is turned on so that the switch S6 (42-6) and the switch S4 (42-5) are turned on at the same time, minimizing the power interference caused by the current collision, so that the negative of the power supply 41 can be The electromagnetic field is configured to be induced.

Then, in the next switching sequence, when the switch S1 42-1 and the switch S5 42-3 are turned off and the switch S3 42-2 is turned on, the power supply 41 follows Va along the switch S3 42-2. (45), the power supply leading to Vc (47) is negative of the power supply 41 via the electric motor coil 43 wound along the switch S6 (42-6) which is turned ON at a time difference with the switch S2 (42-4) In the winding coil of the motor as it flows to the terminal, a magnetic field is induced to generate power. The rotational power is obtained by repeating the switching in this order.

However, this driving method is performed by a gator driving circuit (not shown), and then the power supply 41 → switch S1 42-1 → motor winding coil 43-1 → neutral point 44 → motor winding coil 43-. 2), (43-3) → switch S6 (42-6), switch S4 (42-5) → power supply 41, and power supply 41 again switches S3 (42-2) → motor winding coil ( 43-2) → neutral point (44) → electric winding coils (43-1), (43-3) → switch S2 (42-4), switch S6 (42-6) → power source 41 Power generated by the rotating magnetic field, but flows from the power source (41) to the switch S1 (42-1) to the motor winding coil (43-1) to the neutral point (44) to the motor winding coil (43-2). Power supply (41) → switch S3 (42-2) → motor winding coil (43-2) → neutral point (44) → switch winding with power flowing into motor winding coil (43-1). The current cannot be applied unless the voltage is large to the power supply to be proceeded due to the collision between the power supply and the power supply to proceed. This is a schematic diagram for the angle of the motor inverter circuit being used or the real time switching control to illustrate dead time. When the U + phase 48 and the U-phase 49 are used, Due to the collision, dead time is required for switching, and this condition determines whether the drive is stable and the device is destroyed.

Therefore, the inverter structure of such a driving method is difficult to drive in series with the AND type combined logic switch circuit, and only the driving method of the mechanical (brush type) motor is changed electronically, and the reactance by frequency conversion is not considered.

The present invention is to solve this problem, the object of the present invention is to control the power so that the alternating magnetic flux is induced even though the current flows only in one direction (one direction) to a plurality of or more winding coils having different winding directions. By providing a ternary power signal.

Another object of the present invention is to reduce the hysteresis loss of the magnetic material.

Another object of the present invention is that the magnetic hysteresis curve is different depending on the winding direction. To provide a point of inflection.

Another object of the present invention is to maximize the efficiency of the current can be configured a phase series drive circuit.

1 is an electric circuit diagram for inducing a conventional alternating flux;

2A is a circuit diagram of a conventional push-pull inverter;

Figure 2b is an output waveform diagram of a conventional push-pull inverter,

3 is a configuration diagram of a conventional two power supply type 2 phase hybrid motor inverter circuit;

Figure 4a is a block diagram of a conventional motor inverter circuit,

4B is a sequence diagram of a conventional motor inverter circuit;

5 is a perspective view of a magnetic circuit winding and a switch of the present invention;

6A is a switching circuit diagram of another embodiment of the present invention;

6B is a power supply switching diagram of a switch of another embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 6c is a diagram of the induced magnetic flux waveform of another embodiment of the present invention,

7A is a switching circuit diagram of still another embodiment of the present invention;

7B is a sequence diagram of another embodiment of the present invention;

According to an aspect of the present invention for achieving the above object, the two power mutually reverse coil winding in a magnetic circuit using only a ferromagnetic material or a coil alone, and the OR type combined logic switching circuit is formed at the front of the coil winding to mutually In the reverse parallel coil winding, one coil is wound in the forward direction (S direction), the other coil is wound in the reverse direction (Z direction), and the semiconductor switch or superconducting switch installed at the front end of the coil winding of one (winding coil in the S direction) is turned on. When turned on (the other semiconductor switch is turned off), a reverse bias is connected in which the positive (+) of the DC power supply is connected to the coil end along the coil winding of one side (winding coil in the S direction). The magnetic flux is induced in the magnetic circuit by the power that flows through the prevention diode and returns to the negative terminal of the DC power source. The induced magnetic flux is positive (+) power wave by the output winding coil. When the mold is formed and the semiconductor switch or superconducting switch installed in front of the coil winding of the other side (the winding coil in the Z direction) is turned on (one semiconductor switch or the superconducting switch is turned off), A magnetic flux is induced in the magnetic circuit by a power source that flows through the coil winding to the reverse bias prevention diode connected to the winding end and returns to the negative terminal of the DC power source, and the induced magnetic flux is negatively generated by the output winding coil. Creates a power waveform

When both the semiconductor switch or the superconducting switch are turned on at the front end of the coil in one direction (winding coil in the S direction) and the other (winding coil in the Z direction), the power flows in both directions and the magnetic flux in the magnetic circuit is not induced. The output waveform of the output winding coil has zero (ZERO) waveform, and the input power is also connected to both ends of the coil wound in two-way anti-parallel by two coil reverse windings in the magnetic circuit. In the common ground connected to the output terminal of the diode), the same DC as the input power is configured and return to the negative terminal of the DC power supply or OR type combined logic type in front of the two coils reverse coil winding for phase control in the motor. Reverse bias prevention diodes are installed at the ends of the reverse coil windings of the switching control means and the two power supplies. And a ground connection line as a medium configured to control the respective phases (phase) to direct and parallel switching control means;

Turn on the semiconductor switch or superconducting switch that is connected to the coil winding front end of one (winding coil in the S direction) in the reverse coil winding of the two power supplies (turn-off of the other semiconductor switch is turned off). When applied, the required amount of current rises from the neutral line (origin) to positive (+) for a turn-on time, and after a constant rise, it is kept in parallel along the time line, before the one and the other coil winding ends. When the semiconductor switch or the superconducting switch connected in parallel configuration are all turned on, the current in the coil winding of one side (the winding coil in the S direction) drops in half (½), and the coil winding of the other (the winding coil in the Z direction) is turned on. In this case, the current rises in half (½) and is not induced in the magnetic material inside both coils, and the semiconductor switch or the superconducting switch connected to the front end of the coil winding of the other (winding coil in the Z direction) is continuously turned on.If the semiconductor switch or the superconducting switch connected to the front end of the coil winding of one side (winding coil in the S direction) is turned off, the coil winding of the other side (winding coil in the Z direction) is repeatedly switched in such a manner that the current is increased. In this case, one side and the other side are formed on the neutral line based on the ½ point of the total power applied, and the newly-induced change point or the change line with the origin (circle line) is the two power cross switching and the two power double switching. Or an alternating magnetic flux inducing means for inducing alternating magnetic flux by applying an m-type power supply by a three-power switching application method.

The operation of the structure will be described as follows.

As shown in FIG. 5, the switch S1 52 is turned on in a state where the power supply Vs 51 is turned on to a magnetic circuit composed of only the ferromagnetic conductor 56 or the coils 54 and 55. When turned on and the switch S2 (53) is turned off, the current flows to the coil winding 54 to induce the magnetic flux of the S pole,

On the contrary, when the switch S2 (53) is turned ON and the switch S1 (52) is turned OFF, current flows to the coil winding (55) to induce magnetic flux of the N pole, and when the switch S1 (52) and the switch S2 (53) are both turned ON Since the direction in which current is applied to both ends is changed by the coil windings having different winding directions, the magnetic flux of the magnetic circuit 56 induces both the N and S poles. It is configured to return to the power supply Vs 51 through the common ground 59 connected to the lead wires of the reverse bias preventing diodes 57 and 58.

At this time, although the alternating magnetic flux is induced, the power flows only in one (direct current) direction by two or three power circuits, and thus, cross switching is performed at both ends of the coil of one component group (one or several strands of enameled coil). Because of the less current collision and hysteresis in the coil than the method of inducing alternating magnetic flux by current application method, there is less reactance and hysteresis loss, which greatly reduces energy loss. Has

And one embodiment of the present invention with respect to such a configuration is as follows.

As shown in FIG. 6A, when the power 51 is applied, the S1 switch 61 is controlled by a gate drive circuit (not shown) to turn on and the S2 switch 62 is turned off. The power supply flows in the direction of " a " and passes through the winding coil 54 to the reverse bias bias diode 57 so that the power returns to the direction of " me " When all of the S2 switch 62 is turned on, the power flows in the direction of “ga” and passes through the winding coil 54 and the inverted winding coil 55 to reverse reverse bias diodes 57 and 58. ), The magnetic flux is not induced while the power returns to the “I” direction. When the S1 switch 61 is turned off and the S2 switch 62 is turned on, the power flows in the “ The winding coil 55 is followed by a “me” direction along a reverse bias preventing diode 57. While the power regression are obtained for the flux polarity is reversed.

Fig. 6B is a graph presented for explaining power input switching according to an embodiment of the present invention, and the S1 switch 61 is turned on the X-axis graph line indicating the change of the current and the time (t). When turned on and the S2 switch 62 is turned off, the S1 switch 61 operates to form a power supply curve 61-1 of the S1 switch 61, and both the S1 switch 61 and the S2 switch 62 are turned on. When turned on, S1 switch 61 decreases by ½ of the power flowing to the S2 switch 62, and when the power is increased by ½ on the X axis, the S1 switch 61 is turned off. A power supply curve 62-1 of the switch 62 is formed, and the curve is continuously switched based on the new power supply change line 63 or controlled by a power supply switching method using a gate drive circuit (not shown). Induced by the induction of three (64, 65, 66) or more output flux waveforms shown in FIG. When the organic electromotive force is used as a transformer or a signal generator for voltage increase, and a magnetic circuit causing a high frequency switching control means and a vortex may be used as a heat generator by induction heating.

FIG. 7A illustrates an electric motor three-phase inverter circuit according to another embodiment of the present invention, in which an AC power source 71 is rectified by a DC power supply rectifier 72 to a switch along a two power distribution ground point 73. After the circuit is configured to do this, the odd-side switches (S1, S3, S5,) are turned on and the even-side switches (S2, S4, S6,) are turned on by controlling the switch with a gate drive circuit (not shown). -When off, magnetic pole of N pole is induced in coil winding (75-1,75-3,75-5) of magnetic circuit, odd side switch (S1, S3, S5,) is turned off and even side switch When (S2, S4, S6,) is turned on, the magnetic flux of S pole is induced in coil winding (75-2, 75-4, 75-6) of magnetic circuit and odd side switch (S1, S3, S5) ,) And even-side switches (S2, S4, S6,) are both turned on or phase-sequence control is used to coil coils (75-1,75-3,75-5,75-2, 75-4,75-6) to control the induction of two power mutual parallel coil By applying the one-way serial line power to the method is also the magnetic flux is induced suggests an inverter circuit adapted to the power generated by the attractive force and repulsive force due to the alternating magnetic flux.

FIG. 7B illustrates a sequence diagram for the four-pole three-phase control of the motor as another embodiment of the present invention. Hereinafter, another embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 7A and 7B.

In FIG. 7A, the AC power source 71 is rectified to DC by the power DC rectifying unit 72 to the switch along the two power distribution ground point 73. The A + phase of the S1 switch 74-1 is 0 according to the sequence sequence of FIG. 7B. ° -94 ° (81), B-phase of S4 switch 74-4 is 0 ° -64 ° (85), C + phase of S5 switch 74-5 is turn-on for 0 ° -34 ° (86) After inducing magnetic flux using a magnetic circuit configured between each switch and the grounded coil winding, the motor returns to the power source 71 through the reverse bias prevention diode 76-5 on C +. Initial driving is performed, and then the A-phase of the S2 switch 74-2 is 86 ° to 184 ° (82), the B + phase of the S3 switch 74-3 is 56 ° to 154 ° (84) and the S6 switch 74 C-phase of -6) is turned on for 26 ° ~ 124 ° (87) to induce magnetic flux by using magnetic circuit composed between each switch and grounded coil winding, and then to prevent reverse bias of C-phase. Diode (76-6) Gina Power (71) In the sequence control structure of the conventional four-pole motor shown in FIG. 4B, the machine angle is configured based on 90 °, but the machine of another embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. The angle is increased by 4 ° forward and backward from the 90 ° reference point (the induction angle can be changed according to design criteria).

That is, in FIG. 7B, the overlap 83 portion between the A + phase and the A-phase is a non-induction region, and as shown in FIG. 6B, the power supply curve 61 is formed based on the new power supply change line 63 as a reference line. It is formed.

In the present invention, the neutral line in the general AC power supply method is different from the conventional inverter for the purpose of generating alternating current in that the line on which the induction is formed is not the power supply change line but the induction point of the magnetic pole becomes the power supply change line. do.

The circuit diagram according to the present invention can obtain the following effects through some embodiments.

Since the intersection point of the magnetic poles becomes the induction line newly proposed in the present invention, the alternating magnetic flux generated by the frequency can be significantly reduced because the alternating magnetic flux can be induced by the direct current means rather than the alternating means to obtain the attraction force and the repulsive force of the magnetic flux. High current can be flowed even at low voltage. Especially, induction point of motor can reduce energy loss by maximizing rotational inertia and control magnetic circuit by switching means of ferromagnetic material. Since the hysteresis curve always changes polarity along the reference point, it has a good advantage of minimizing iron loss due to low loss area.

In addition, since the power supply method by the switching means of the present invention can be configured in series circuit between each phase it is possible to maximize the efficiency of the current than the parallel configuration circuit is a great effect of the present invention.

Claims (1)

In the magnetic circuit, two power mutually reverse coil windings are formed, and an OR type combined logic switching circuit is formed at the front end of the coil winding, so that one coil is in the forward direction (S direction) and the other coil is in the reverse direction (Z direction). ) And turn on the switch installed at the front end of the coil winding of one winding coil in the S direction (the other switch is turned off). Magnetic flux is induced in the magnetic circuit by the power that flows to the reverse bias prevention diode connected to the coil end along the coil winding of the winding coil in the S direction and returns to the negative (-) terminal of the DC power source. If a positive power supply waveform is generated by the output winding coil, and the switch installed in front of the coil winding of the other side (the winding coil in the Z direction) is turned on (one switch is turned off) ) Along the other coil winding The magnetic flux is induced in the magnetic circuit by the power that flows to the reverse bias prevention diode connected to the end of the line and returns to the negative terminal of the DC power source. The magnetic flux is induced in the magnetic circuit by the output winding coil. Generate a waveform, If all the switches are turned on at the front end of the coil in one direction (winding coil in the S direction) and the other side (winding coil in the Z direction), the power flows in both directions, and the magnetic flux in the magnetic circuit is not induced. The output waveform is 0 (ZERO) waveform, and the input power is also output from both reverse bias prevention diodes connected to both ends of the coil wound in two directions mutually antiparallel by two coil reverse windings on the magnetic circuit. The common ground connected to the terminal is composed of the same DC as the input power, returning to the negative terminal of the DC power supply or OR type combined logic switching control means in front of the reverse coil windings of the two power supplies for phase control in the motor. Reverse bias cable (diode) is installed at the end of reverse parallel coil winding of power supply and two power supply Switching control means is configured by a parameter to control the respective phases (phase) with straight and parallel; 2 Turn on the switch connected to the front end of the coil winding of one side (winding coil in the S direction) in the reverse coil winding of the two power supplies, and apply the current to the required amount by applying the current. During the turn-on time, after rising from the neutral line (the origin) to the positive (+) and after a constant rise, maintain the parallel along the time line, and then connect all the switches connected in parallel in front of one and the other coil windings. When turned on, the current drops in half (½) to the coil winding of one side (winding coil in the S direction), and the current rises in half (½) to the coil winding of the other (winding coil in the Z direction). It is not induced in the magnetic material inside the coil and is connected to the front end of the coil winding of one side (winding coil in the S direction) while the switch connected to the front end of the coil winding of the other (winding coil in the Z direction) is continuously turned on. Turn off the other side (Z) In the coil winding of the winding coil), if the current is repeatedly applied, the inductive point is formed based on ½ of the total power applied on one side and the other, and the newly inverted point is formed based on the half point of the total applied power. Or alternating magnetic flux inducing means for inducing alternating magnetic flux by applying a m-type power source by a two-power cross switching and a two-power double-electric switching or a three-power switching application method using the polarization line as the origin; Magnetic circuit consisting of.