KR100329265B1 - Apparatus and Method for driving a single phase Switched Reluctance Motor - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a single-phase Switched Reluctance Motor driving apparatus and method, comprising: a smoothing circuit unit for smoothing an input power source; A motor driver for generating a voltage for supplying the motor according to a control signal by inputting the voltage smoothed in the smoothing circuit part; A plurality of sensors for sensing the rotational speed and phase of the motor; And a microcomputer that selectively receives signals of the plurality of sensors and outputs a control signal for controlling the motor driver.

In addition, according to the present invention as described above, it is possible to drive the SRM stably, there is an effect that can drive the SLM at high speed / high efficiency even with a low-cost microcomputer.

Description

Apparatus and Method for driving a single phase Switched Reluctance Motor}

The present invention relates to a single-phase Switched Reluctance Motor (SRM) driving device and method, and more particularly, to a single-phase RM driving device and method for driving a motor separately by starting and operating sensors. It is about.

SLM is a type of motor that is currently being actively researched in Korea, and is classified as a special type of motor combined with a switching control device.

In addition, SM has both a stator and a rotor with a salient pole structure, and each has a different number of poles. In particular, since the winding is wound only on the stator part, and the rotor part does not have any type of winding or permanent magnet, this simple structure can be regarded as the biggest feature of SLM.

Due to the structural characteristics of SLM, it has considerable advantages in terms of production and production. In addition, it has good starting characteristics and a large torque like a DC motor, while maintaining and repairing brushes such as changing brushes on a regular basis. Compared with the induction motor driven by the inverter, the structure of the driving device is simple, and it has excellent characteristics in many parts such as torque per unit volume, efficiency, and converter rating.

In addition, in the part requiring ultra-low speed operation of a wide variable speed range, the use field is increasing, especially in developed countries, because it shows very excellent characteristics.

1 is a block diagram schematically showing a conventional single-phase SM drive device.

Referring to FIG. 1, the conventional single-phase SM drive device includes a smoothing circuit unit 102 for smoothing an AC voltage applied from a commercial (AC) power source 101 to a DC voltage, and a voltage supplied from the smoothing circuit unit 102. And a Hall sensor 105 that receives a control signal from the microcomputer 106 and senses the position and speed of the motor driver 103 and the motor 104 to drive the motor 104, and outputs a signal to the microcomputer 106. It is composed of

Hereinafter, the operation of the conventional single-phase SM drive device configured as described above will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 1.

First, the smoothing circuit unit 102 smoothes the input commercial power supply 101. The voltage smoothed as described above is supplied to the motor driver 103, and the motor driver 103 supplies the voltage to the motor 104 according to the control signal of the microcomputer 106.

Thereafter, the hall sensor 105 detects the rotational speed and phase of the motor 104 and generates a signal, and the microcomputer 106 receives the signal generated by the hall sensor 105 as an input and outputs the motor driver 103. ) To control the voltage supplied from the motor driver 103 to the motor 104.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a structure of a general single phase SLM, and FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an inductance profile according to a phase change of the single phase SLM.

2 and 3, the supply of voltage from the motor driver to the motor will be described in more detail.

First, FIG. 2 shows a structure of a single phase 6 / 6-pole SLM, which includes a stator 201, a rotor 202, a motor winding 203, a position detecting magnet 204, and a parking magnet 205. Consists of

When measuring the inductance in the SLM configured as described above, as shown in FIG. 3, the inductance is greatest when the protrusion of the stator 201 and the protrusion of the rotor 202 exactly match (Align state), and the stator ( If the protrusions of 201 and the protrusions of the rotor 202 are exactly misaligned (Misaligned state), the inductance will be the smallest.

In the case of the single-phase SM 6 / 6-pole structure, the highest and lowest inductances appear alternately every 30 degrees.

In order to drive the motor in the SLM as described above, a Hall sensor (not shown) senses the position of the rotor 202 so that the position (a) of the rotor 202 is at the b or b 'position of the stator 201. When moving, that is, when a signal is generated and sent to the microcomputer at the time when the inductance starts to increase, the microcomputer generates a control signal to control the motor driving unit and supplies a voltage to the motor winding 203.

However, in spite of the voltage increase, the current increase rate is slower than the voltage increase rate, so there is a problem in a product requiring high-speed rotation.

As a way to solve this problem, the point of exciting the current in the winding of the motor advances the phase before the stator and the rotor misaligned in response to the rotational speed of the motor. In other words, according to the rotational speed of the motor to advance the phase (Phase) to excite the current.

However, even in the case described above, the system may become unstable because the motor drive unit needs to be controlled by calculating the rotation speed and the phase to be advanced in the micom, and an expensive micom has to be used.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the problems of the prior art as described above, and provides a single-phase SM driving device and method for enabling high speed / high efficiency operation by driving a motor separately from a starting and driving sensor. have.

1 is a block diagram schematically showing a conventional single-phase SM drive device.

Figure 2 is a view showing the structure of a typical single-phase SL.

3 is a view showing an inductance profile according to the phase change of the single-phase SLM.

Figure 4 is a block diagram schematically showing a single-phase SM drive of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an inductance profile according to a phase change of a single phase SLM and a signal generated by a starting sensor and a driving sensor constituting the present invention.

6 is a cross-sectional view and a partial cross section of a permanent magnet of the present invention.

<Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

101,401 ... commercial power supply 102,402 ... smooth circuit

103,403 ... motor drive 104,404 ... motor

105 ... Hall sensor 106,407 ... Micom

201 ... stator 202 ... rotor

203 ... Motor windings 204,604 ... Magnet for position detection

205,605 ... Parking magnet 405,606 ... Driving sensor

406,607 ... starting sensor

Single-phase SM drive device of the present invention for achieving the above object,

A smoothing circuit unit for smoothing input power;

A motor driving unit generating a voltage for supplying the motor according to a control signal with the voltage smoothed by the smoothing circuit unit as an input;

A plurality of sensors for sensing the rotational speed and phase of the motor; And

And a micom configured to selectively receive signals of the plurality of sensors and output a control signal for controlling the motor driving unit.

Preferably, the plurality of sensors are characterized by detecting different positions of the rotor.

In addition, the method of operating the single-phase SM drive of the present invention as described above,

(a) detecting a rotational speed of the motor and a position of the rotor through a plurality of sensors to generate a signal;

(b) selecting one of the plurality of sensors and generating a control signal according to a signal generated by the selected sensor to control a voltage supplied to the motor;

(c) continuously detecting the rotational speed of the motor and comparing the rotational speed of the motor with a reference speed determined by the system;

(d) If the rotational speed of the motor is faster than the reference speed determined by the system as a result of the comparison in the step (c), select another sensor and generate a control signal according to the signal generated from the sensor to adjust the voltage supplied to the motor. It characterized by including the step of controlling.

Figure 4 is a block diagram schematically showing a single phase SM drive of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 4, the single-phase SM driving device of the present invention is provided with a smoothing circuit section 402 and a smoothing circuit section 402 for smoothing an AC voltage applied from a commercial (AC) power supply 401 to a DC voltage. A start sensor that receives a control signal from a voltage and a microcomputer 407, detects a rotational speed and a phase of the motor driving unit 403 for driving the motor M, and outputs a signal to the microcomputer 407. 405 and driving sensor 406.

Hereinafter, the operation of the single-phase SM driving device of the present invention configured as described above with reference to FIG. 4 will be described in detail.

First, the smoothing circuit unit 402 smoothes the input commercial power supply 401. The smoothed voltage is supplied to the motor driver 403, and the motor driver 403 supplies the voltage to the motor 404 according to the control signal of the microcomputer 406.

Thereafter, the starting sensor 405 and the driving sensor 406 detect the rotational speed and phase of the motor M to generate a signal.

At this time, the start sensor 405 and the driving sensor 406 detect different phases of the rotor. In more detail, the driving sensor 406 detects an image ahead of the starting sensor 405.

As described above, the signals generated by the start sensor 405 and the driving sensor 406 are input to the microcomputer 407. When the motor starts for the first time, the motor driver selects the signals generated by the start sensor 405 in the microcomputer. Generate a control signal for controlling 403.

However, as mentioned in the conventional problem, when the motor driving unit 403 is driven with a signal sensed by the start sensor 405 due to a problem of increasing speed of the current supplied to the motor winding (not shown), there is a problem in the product for high speed rotation. Therefore, at the initial stage of starting the motor, a signal generated by the start sensor 405 is input to generate a control signal for controlling the motor driving unit 405.

When the speed of the motor is equal to or higher than the reference speed determined by the system, a signal generated by the driving sensor 406 is selected and input, and a control signal for controlling the motor driving unit 403 is output.

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an inductance change according to a phase change of SLM and a signal generated by sensing by a start sensor and a driving sensor of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 5, when the protrusion of the rotor of the SM and the protrusion of the stator are exactly misaligned (when misaligned), the inductance is the smallest. At the time when the inductance starts to increase, the motor driver supplies the voltage to the SM. Current flows through the motor windings.

The starting sensor employed in the SM drive of the present invention generates a signal by detecting a phase in which inductance starts to increase, and the driving sensor detects a phase ahead of the phase detected by the starting sensor.

As described above, the starting sensor and the driving sensor detect a rotational speed and phase of the motor, and then generate a signal and send the signal to the microcomputer. In the microcomputer, one of the generated signals of the two sensors input according to the rotational speed of the motor is selected and input. The control signal is outputted to the motor driving unit.

For example, the standard for selecting the signal generated by the start-up sensor or the driving sensor, for example, is the signal generated by the start sensor when the RPM of SRM is 1000RPM ~ 2000RPM. .

6 is a cross-sectional view and a partial cross section of the permanent magnet of the present invention.

As described above, by driving the motor separately from the start sensor and the driving sensor can drive the SRM stably, there is an effect that can drive the SLM at high speed / high efficiency even with a low-cost microcomputer.

Claims (8)

A smoothing circuit unit for smoothing input power; A motor driving unit generating a voltage for supplying the motor according to a control signal with the voltage smoothed by the smoothing circuit unit as an input; A plurality of sensors for sensing the rotational speed and phase of the motor; And And a micom configured to selectively receive signals of the plurality of sensors and output a control signal for controlling the motor driver. The method of claim 1, Single-phase SM drive device, characterized in that the plurality of sensors sense a different phase (Phase). The method of claim 1, Single-phase SM drive device, characterized in that the plurality of sensors. The method of claim 1, The micom single-phase SM drive device, characterized in that for receiving a signal by selecting one of the plurality of sensors according to the speed of the motor. The method of claim 1, Single-phase SM drive of the plurality of sensors, characterized in that the image is detected ahead of the sensor that is selected later than the sensor first selected by the microcomputer. (a) generating a signal by detecting a rotation speed and a phase of the motor through a plurality of sensors; (b) selecting one of the plurality of sensors and generating a control signal according to a signal generated by the selected sensor to control a voltage supplied to the motor; (c) continuously detecting the rotational speed of the motor and comparing the rotational speed of the motor with a reference speed determined by the system; (d) If the rotation speed of the motor is faster than the reference speed determined by the system as a result of the comparison in step (c), select another sensor, generate a control signal according to the signal generated from the sensor, Single-phase SM drive method comprising the step of controlling. The method of claim 6, The plurality of sensors is a single-phase SM drive method, characterized in that for detecting different phases. The method of claim 6, The method of claim 1, wherein if the detected rotational speed of the motor is slower than the reference speed determined by the system, the signal is continuously input from the first selected sensor.