KR100328869B1 - Zirconium alloy powder material for amorphous spray coating - Google Patents

Zirconium alloy powder material for amorphous spray coating Download PDF

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KR100328869B1
KR100328869B1 KR1019980054808A KR19980054808A KR100328869B1 KR 100328869 B1 KR100328869 B1 KR 100328869B1 KR 1019980054808 A KR1019980054808 A KR 1019980054808A KR 19980054808 A KR19980054808 A KR 19980054808A KR 100328869 B1 KR100328869 B1 KR 100328869B1
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amorphous
coating
alloy powder
spray coating
present
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KR20000039464A (en
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김형준
임경묵
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신현준
재단법인 포항산업과학연구원
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/04Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
    • C23C4/06Metallic material
    • C23C4/08Metallic material containing only metal elements
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C16/00Alloys based on zirconium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C2200/00Crystalline structure
    • C22C2200/02Amorphous

Abstract

본 발명은 내마모, 내부식, 그리고 내열성이 우수하며, 각종 롤이나 유리, 금속의 성형용 몰드의 수명 연장 및 제품 품질 향상을 도모할 수 있는 비정질상을 형성할 수 있는 용사 코팅용 지르코늄(Zr)계 합금분말 소재에 관한 것으로, 중량%로, Al: 1∼9%, Cu: 5∼24%, Ni: 2∼14% 및 잔량의 Zr을 포함하여 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 한다.The present invention is excellent in abrasion resistance, corrosion resistance and heat resistance, zirconium (Zr) for thermal spray coating that can form an amorphous phase that can extend the life of the mold for forming various rolls, glass, metal and improve product quality The present invention relates to a system alloy powder material, characterized in that, by weight%, Al: 1 to 9%, Cu: 5 to 24%, Ni: 2 to 14%, and a residual amount of Zr.

본 발명에 의하면, 비정질 구조를 지니는 지르코늄계 합금 분말을 사용하여 코팅을 형성함으로써 내마모성과 내부식성이 향상되며, 두꺼운 코팅을 형성시에도 용이하게 비정질 구조를 형성할 수 있어서 향상된 강도와 인성을 지니는 코팅을 형성할 수 있으며, 비정질 구조이므로 코팅 형성시(응고시) 수축이 거의 없어서 잔류 압축응력이 형성되어 열응력이 발생되는 경우, 즉 높은 온도와 낮은 온도가 반복되는 열 사이클 상황에서도 코팅이 박리되지 않고 우수한 특성을 보이게 된다.According to the present invention, by forming a coating using a zirconium-based alloy powder having an amorphous structure, the wear resistance and corrosion resistance is improved, and even when a thick coating is formed, the amorphous structure can be easily formed, thereby improving coating strength and toughness. Because of its amorphous structure, there is almost no shrinkage during coating formation (coagulation), so that residual compressive stress is formed and thermal stress is generated. That is, the coating does not peel off even in a thermal cycle where high and low temperatures are repeated. Excellent properties.

Description

비정질 용사코팅용 지르코늄계 합금분말소재Zirconium alloy powder material for amorphous spray coating

본 발명은 내마모, 내부식, 그리고 내열성이 우수한 용사 코팅 소재에 관한 것으로, 보다 상세하게는 각종 롤이나 유리, 금속의 성형용 몰드의 수명 연장 및 제품 품질 향상을 도모할 수 있는 비정질상을 형성할 수 있는 용사 코팅용 지르코늄(Zr)계 합금분말 소재에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a spray coating material having excellent wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and heat resistance, and more particularly, to form an amorphous phase capable of extending the life of a mold for forming various rolls, glass, and metals and improving product quality. The present invention relates to a zirconium-based alloy powder material for thermal spray coating.

일반적으로 금속의 구조는 내부원자 구조가 규칙성을 띠는 결정 구조이나, 금속이 응고시 급냉하게 되면 원자 배열이 불규칙하게 되는 비정질(Amorphous) 구조를 지니게 된다.In general, the structure of the metal has a regular crystal structure of the internal atomic structure, but when the metal is quenched, it has an amorphous structure in which the atomic arrangement becomes irregular.

이러한 비정질 구조를 지닌 재료는 특이한 물리적, 화학적, 기계적 특성을 띠게 된다. 특히, 비정질 구조는 결정 구조에 비하여 우수한 내마모성과 내부식성을 지니는 것으로 알려져 있다.Materials with these amorphous structures will have unusual physical, chemical and mechanical properties. In particular, the amorphous structure is known to have excellent wear resistance and corrosion resistance compared to the crystal structure.

그러나, 이러한 우수한 특성을 지니는 비정질 구조를 얻기 위해서는 급냉이 요구되고, 따라서 상업적으로 사용되는 비정질 소재는 대개 급냉을 얻을 수 있는 리본이나 와이어로 국한되며, 소재마다 급냉 요구 조건이 각각 상이하게 된다. 즉, 비정질화하기 용이한 소재와 아무리 급냉을 하여도 비정질화되지 못하는 소재가 있게 된다.However, quenching is required to obtain an amorphous structure having such excellent characteristics, and thus, commercially used amorphous materials are usually limited to ribbons or wires which can obtain quenching, and the quenching requirements are different for each material. That is, there are materials that are easy to be amorphous and materials that cannot be amorphous no matter how quenched.

열 용사 기법은 분말이나 선재를 플라즈마나 전기 아크 등의 열원으로 용융시켜서 고속으로 코팅시키는 방법으로서, 0.05 내지 2mm 정도의 두꺼운 코팅 방법으로서는 가장 저렴하고 생산적인 방법이다.The thermal spraying technique is a method of melting powder or wire by heat source such as plasma or electric arc and coating at high speed, and is the cheapest and most productive method as a thick coating method of about 0.05 to 2 mm.

용사코팅방법은 대개 사용하는 열원에 따라 플라즈마, 화염, 아크 그리고 고속 용사법으로 구분된다.Spray coating methods are generally classified into plasma, flame, arc and high speed thermal spraying depending on the heat source used.

코팅시키고자 하는 소재는 금속, 세라믹, 고분자 등 거의 모든 소재가 가능한 장점이 있으며, 주로 코팅 소재에 따라 열원을 달리하게 된다.The material to be coated has an advantage that almost all materials such as metal, ceramic, polymer, etc. are possible, and the heat source is mainly changed according to the coating material.

용사코팅 방법도 소재를 용융하고 빠르게 냉각하여 코팅시키는 방법이므로 일반적인 주조방법 보다는 급냉조건을 지니게 된다.The thermal spray coating method also melts the material and rapidly cools the coating so that it has a quenching condition rather than the general casting method.

따라서 이러한 용사코팅의 급냉조건을 이용하여 비정질을 얻기 위한 특허로서, 미국 특허 제 4,854,980호, 일본 특허 01-205062호, 미국특허 제 4,692,305호, 제4,822,415호, 제4,854,980호, 일본특허 8-134620호, 일본 특허 7-011417호, 일본특허 57-063679호, 일본특허 8-176783호, 일본특허 8-176783호, 프랑스 특허 2691478호, 일본 특허 3-260475호, 미국특허 제 5,032,469호, 일본 특허 1-237069호, 미국특허 4,854,980호, 일본특허 1-205061호, 62-520478호, 미국특허 4,606,977호 등 최근에 수많은 특허가 나오고 있다.Therefore, as a patent for obtaining amorphous by using the quenching conditions of the thermal spray coating, US Patent No. 4,854,980, Japanese Patent 01-205062, US Patent 4,692,305, 4,822,415, 4,854,980, Japanese Patent 8-134620 , Japanese Patent 7-011417, Japanese Patent 57-063679, Japanese Patent 8-176783, Japanese Patent 8-176783, French Patent 2691478, Japanese Patent 3-260475, US Patent 5,032,469, Japanese Patent 1 Numerous patents have been recently published, such as -237069, US Patent 4,854,980, Japanese Patent 1-205061, 62-520478, and US Patent 4,606,977.

상기 특허들은 모두 Fe, Ni, Co계 합금의 분말 혹은 이러한 분말을 용사 코팅시, 비정질을 용이하게 얻을 수 있는 합금에 관한 것으로서, 비정질 코팅을 얻음으로써 우수한 내마모성 및 내부식성을 도모할 수 있다고 설명하고 있다.The above patents all relate to powders of Fe, Ni, Co-based alloys or alloys that can easily obtain amorphous when thermally coating such powders, and by obtaining an amorphous coating, excellent wear resistance and corrosion resistance can be achieved. have.

그러나, 용사기법을 이용하여 비정질 구조를 얻는 방법은 급냉하기 위하여 요사시 기판 후면을 공기나 액체 질소를 사용하여 냉각하거나 연속적으로 용사 작업을 하지 않고 어느 정도 작업후 냉각시킨후 다시 작업하는등 상업적 사용에 제약을 받고 있다.However, the method of obtaining the amorphous structure by using the thermal spraying technique is commercial use such as cooling the back surface of the substrate using air or liquid nitrogen to cool it rapidly, or cooling it again after a certain amount of work without continuous spraying work. Being constrained.

본 발명은 상기 설명한 종래 기술의 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 이루어진 것으로, 후면 냉각을 하지 않고 연속 코팅 작업으로도 많은 비정질을 함유하는 코팅을 용이하게 얻을 수 있으며, 비정질을 형성하기 위한 절대 냉각속도가 낮은 합금으로 용사코팅을 실시함으로써 비정질 코팅을 용이하게 얻을 수 있는 비정질 열용사 코팅용 지르코늄 합금분말 소재를 제공함에 그 목적이 있다.The present invention has been made to solve the problems of the prior art described above, it is possible to easily obtain a coating containing a large amount of amorphous even without continuous cooling in the continuous coating operation, the alloy having a low absolute cooling rate for forming amorphous It is an object of the present invention to provide a zirconium alloy powder material for amorphous thermal spray coating that can be easily obtained by performing a thermal spray coating.

도 1 은 본 발명을 적용하여 형성한 용사코팅층의 단면 조직사진이며,1 is a cross-sectional texture photograph of the thermal spray coating layer formed by applying the present invention,

도 2 는 본 발명을 적용하여 형성한 용사코팅층 표면의 X선 회절시험 분석 결과를 나타낸 도면이다.2 is a view showing the results of X-ray diffraction test analysis on the surface of the thermal spray coating layer formed by applying the present invention.

상기 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명의 비정질 코팅용 지르코늄 합금 소재는, 강이나 세라믹, 고분자 모재 위에 용사에 의해 비정질 코팅을 실시하기 위한 소재로, 중량%로, Al: 1∼9%, Cu: 5∼24%, Ni: 2∼14% 및 잔량의 Zr을 포함하여 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 한다.The zirconium alloy material for amorphous coating of the present invention for achieving the above object is a material for performing an amorphous coating by thermal spraying on steel, ceramic, polymer matrix, Al: 1 to 9%, Cu: 5 -24%, Ni: 2-14%, and remainder Zr, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

또한 본 발명에서 지르코늄 합금분말의 입도는 5-100㎛ 이다.In addition, the particle size of the zirconium alloy powder in the present invention is 5-100㎛.

이하에서는 양호한 실시예와 관련하여 본 발명을 상세하게 설명한다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments.

본 발명에서는, 비정질 코팅 형성용 지르코늄(Zr) 합금분말 소재를 중량%로, Al: 1∼9%, Cu: 5∼24%, Ni: 2∼14% 및 잔량의 Zr을 포함하여 이루어지는 구성으로 하는데, 상기 조성 범위로 한정하는 것은 너무 작은 양의 경우 비정질의 형성이 어려우며, 너무 많은 양을 포함시는 비정질을 형성하기 위한 절대 냉각속도가 증가하기 때문이다.In the present invention, the zirconium (Zr) alloy powder material for forming an amorphous coating in weight%, Al: 1 to 9%, Cu: 5 to 24%, Ni: 2 to 14%, and a residual amount of Zr The reason for this is to limit the composition range because it is difficult to form amorphous materials in too small amounts, and the absolute cooling rate for forming amorphous materials containing too large amounts increases.

본 발명에서 가장 바랍직한 조성은, 중량%로, Al: 6%, Cu: 14%, Ni: 7% 및 잔량의 Zr을 포함하여 이루어지는 합금으로 용사코팅 기법으로 비정질을 형성하는 것이 용이한 조성이다.In the present invention, the most preferred composition is, by weight, an alloy comprising Al: 6%, Cu: 14%, Ni: 7%, and the balance of Zr, and it is easy to form amorphous by thermal spray coating. .

지르코늄 합금분말의 입도는 5∼100㎛ 범위의 것으로 하는데, 입도 범위가 넓으면 소재의 용융 온도 범위가 넓어져 비정질 형성이 용이하지 않으며, 입도가 100㎛ 이상이면 용융이 곤란하여 비용융 상태의 입자가 발생할 가능성이 크기 때문이다.The particle size of the zirconium alloy powder is in the range of 5 to 100 μm. If the particle size range is wide, the melting temperature range of the material is wide, making it difficult to form amorphous particles. This is because it is likely to occur.

용사코팅 방법은 용사코팅층의 산화물 생성을 최대로 억제하기 위하여 진공이나 불활성 가스 분위기에서 실시함이 가장 바람직하며, 대기중에서는 고속용사 기법을 사용하여야 한다.The thermal spray coating method is most preferably carried out in a vacuum or inert gas atmosphere in order to maximize the generation of oxide in the thermal spray coating layer, the high-speed spraying technique should be used in the air.

합금분말은 비정질 형성이 용이한 합금을 사용하여 대부분이 비정질 분말이므로 용사코팅시 나타나는 완전하게 용융되지 않은 분말입자가 있어도 비정질 구조를 그대로 유지한다.Since the alloy powder is made of an alloy which is easy to form amorphous, most of it is an amorphous powder, the amorphous structure is maintained even if there are powder particles that are not completely melted during spray coating.

이하에서는 실시예와 관련하여 본 발명을 보다 상세하게 설명한다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples.

실시예Example

표 1에 나타낸 조성의 모합금을 진공중에서 아크 용해기를 사용하여 100∼200g 정도 제조하였고, 이들 모합금을 사용하여 진공중 가스 분무기를 이용하여 분말을 제조하였다. 표 1 에는 발명예와 비교예의 분말 및 상업적으로 비정질 용사코팅용으로 사용되는 분말의 조성이 기재되고 있다.The mother alloys of the compositions shown in Table 1 were prepared in the vacuum using an arc dissolver in the range of 100 to 200 g, and powders were prepared using the gas atomizer in vacuum using these master alloys. Table 1 lists the compositions of the inventive and comparative examples and the powders used commercially for the thermal spray coating.

시험예Test Example 조 성(중량%)Composition (% by weight) 비 고Remarks 종래예1Conventional Example 1 Fe45Cr6B2SiFe45Cr6B2Si 상업용 판매제Commercial sale 종래예2Conventional Example 2 Fe21Cr7Ni3Mo3B2Cu2SiFe21Cr7Ni3Mo3B2Cu2Si 상업용 판매제Commercial sale 비교예1Comparative Example 1 Zr10Al14Cu7NiZr10Al14Cu7Ni 비교예2Comparative Example 2 Zr3Al25Cu7NiZr3Al25Cu7Ni 비교예3Comparative Example 3 Zr3Al14Cu15NiZr3Al14Cu15Ni 발명예1Inventive Example 1 Zr2.6Al14.5Cu7.2NiZr2.6Al14.5Cu7.2Ni 발명예2Inventive Example 2 Zr3Al14.2Cu6.7NiZr3Al14.2Cu6.7Ni 발명예3Inventive Example 3 Zr3Al14.8Cu7.4NiZr3Al14.8Cu7.4Ni 발명예4Inventive Example 4 Zr3Al14.2Cu6.7NiZr3Al14.2Cu6.7Ni 발명예5Inventive Example 5 Zr2.9Al11Cu6.3NiZr2.9Al11Cu6.3Ni

상기 분말중 20∼90㎛의 범위에 드는 분말만을 선별하여 강제 기판 위에 고속용사기를 사용하여 후면 냉각 없이 연속 작업으로 약 100㎛의 코팅층을 형성하였다. 용사코팅시 얻어진 코팅의 특성을 표 2 에 나타내고 있다.Only the powder in the range of 20 ~ 90㎛ of the powder was selected to form a coating layer of about 100㎛ in a continuous operation without cooling the rear surface using a high-speed sprayer on the steel substrate. Table 2 shows the properties of the coatings obtained during thermal spraying.

비정질 형성 유무는 X선 회절기의 피크 브로드닝(Broadening)으로 조사하였고, 정량적인 비정질 분율은 질량분석기에서 결정화 에너지를 구하여 100% 비정질 상태인 분말과의 결정화 에너지를 비교하여 계산하였다.The presence of amorphous formation was investigated by peak broadening of the X-ray diffractometer, and the quantitative amorphous fraction was calculated by obtaining crystallization energy in a mass spectrometer and comparing the crystallization energy with 100% amorphous powder.

시험예Test Example 비정질분율 (%)Amorphous fraction (%) 종래예1Conventional Example 1 55 종래예2Conventional Example 2 결정decision 비교예1Comparative Example 1 1010 비교예2Comparative Example 2 55 비교예3Comparative Example 3 88 발명예1Inventive Example 1 9090 발명예2Inventive Example 2 8080 발명예3Inventive Example 3 6363 발명예4Inventive Example 4 6262 발명예5Inventive Example 5 5858

표 2로부터 알 수 있는 바와같이, 발명예의 경우 비정질 분율이 모두 50% 이상이며, 비교예의 경우는 비정질 형성이 매우 미미함을 알 수 있다.As can be seen from Table 2, in the case of the invention example, all of the amorphous fraction is 50% or more, and in the case of the comparative example, it can be seen that the amorphous formation is very small.

도 1은 발명예의 대표적인 단면 조직 사진인데, 어두운 부위는 비정질화되지 못한 산화물층이다. 따라서, 용사코팅시 변수 조절을 통하여 산화물 생성을 억제한다면 발명예의 경우는 거의 100% 비정질 형성이 가능함을 알 수 있다.1 is a representative cross-sectional tissue photograph of the invention, wherein the darker areas are oxide layers that are not amorphous. Therefore, it can be seen that in the case of the invention example, almost 100% amorphous formation can be achieved by suppressing the oxide generation through the parameter adjustment during the spray coating.

도 2에서는 발명예 4의 코팅 표면에 대해 X 선 회절 시험을 실시한 결과를 보이고 있는데, 다른 발명예의 경우도 거의 유사한 형태를 보여, 산화물 피크외에는 비정질 형성에 의해 결정에 의한 뚜렷한 피크가 나타나지 않고 피크가 확산된 듯한 모양을 보인다. 이러한 형태는 재료가 비정질일 때 나타나는 전형적인 형태이다.In FIG. 2, X-ray diffraction tests were performed on the coating surface of Inventive Example 4, and the other Inventive Examples showed a similar form. In addition to the oxide peak, there was no apparent peak due to crystal formation except amorphous peaks. It seems to be spread. This form is typical when the material is amorphous.

따라서, 상기 설명한 바와같은 본 발명에 의하면, 비정질 구조를 지니는 지르코늄 합금 분말을 사용하여 코팅을 형성함으로써 내마모성과 내부식성이 향상되며, 두꺼운 코팅을 형성시에도 용이하게 비정질 구조를 형성할 수 있어서 향상된 강도와 인성을 지니는 코팅을 형성할 수 있으며, 비정질 구조이므로 코팅 형성시(응고시) 수축이 거의 없어서 잔류 압축응력이 형성되어 열응력이 발생되는 경우, 즉 높은 온도와 낮은 온도가 반복되는 열 사이클 상황에서도 코팅이 박리되지 않고 우수한 특성을 보이게 된다.Therefore, according to the present invention as described above, wear resistance and corrosion resistance is improved by forming a coating using a zirconium alloy powder having an amorphous structure, and can easily form an amorphous structure even when forming a thick coating, thereby improving the strength It is possible to form a coating with toughness, and because of its amorphous structure, there is almost no shrinkage during coating formation (coagulation), so that residual compressive stress is formed and thermal stress occurs, that is, a thermal cycle in which high and low temperatures are repeated. Even in the coating does not peel off and exhibits excellent properties.

Claims (3)

강이나 세라믹, 고분자 모재 위에 용사에 의해 비정질 코팅을 실시하기 위한 용사코팅용 소재로, 중량%로, Al: 1∼9%, Cu: 5∼24%, Ni: 2∼14% 및 잔량의 Zr을 포함하여 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 비정질 용사코팅용 지르코늄계 합금 분말소재.Spray coating material for spray coating amorphous on steel, ceramic, polymer base by spraying, in weight%, Al: 1-9%, Cu: 5-24%, Ni: 2-14%, and residual amount of Zr Zirconium-based alloy powder material for amorphous thermal spray coating comprising a. 제 1 항에 있어서, 합금 분말의 입도는 5∼100㎛인 것을 특징으로 하는 용사코팅용 지르코늄계 합금 분말소재.The zirconium-based alloy powder material for thermal spray coating according to claim 1, wherein the alloy powder has a particle size of 5 to 100 µm. 제 1 항 또는 제 2 항에 있어서, 상기 합금 분말은 Al :6%, Cu :14%, Ni :7% 및 잔량의 Zr을 포함하여 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 용사코팅용 지르코늄계 합금 분말소재.The zirconium-based alloy powder material for thermal spray coating according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the alloy powder comprises Al: 6%, Cu: 14%, Ni: 7%, and a residual amount of Zr.
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