KR100327305B1 - Prefabricated heat recovery ventilation system of residential building - Google Patents

Abstract

1. TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION

Prefabricated heat recovery ventilation system in residential buildings.

2. The technical problem to be solved by the invention

It provides a ventilation system that recovers and re-heats heating heat energy, controls humidity and ventilates the air in all rooms, and solves the noise problem caused by fans.

3. Summary of Solution to Invention

The air supply fan 12 and the exhaust fan 19 are installed outdoors so as to be in contact with the outside, the heat exchanger 11 is installed indoors, and the first air supply duct 13 is installed between the air supply fan and the heat exchanger. An exhaust duct 18 is installed between the exhaust fan and the total heat exchanger. In addition, the air supply duct 14 having a plurality of air supply units 15 formed therein so as to supply air to all the spaces in the room is connected to the heat exchanger, and the plurality of air vents 17 for discharging air from all the spaces in the room. Is connected to the ventilation duct (16) formed.

4. Important uses of the invention

Used as a ventilation system for residential buildings such as multi-family houses and single-family homes.

Description

Prefabricated heat recovery ventilation system of residential building

The present invention relates to a prefabricated heat recovery ventilation system of a residential building, and more particularly, in a residential building, the heat exchanger and the fan portion are assembled in a prefabricated manner, so that the fan can be installed outdoors, thereby reducing the noise problem caused by the operation of the fan. The present invention relates to a heat recovery ventilation system for a residential building that eliminates, improves the heat energy recovery efficiency of a heat exchange element, saves heating energy, and reduces a relative humidity difference between indoors and outdoors using an absorbent.

At present, buildings are becoming more airtight and insulated due to the problem of energy saving. On the other hand, for the health of the occupants, general office buildings, etc. regulate the amount of ventilation required to reflect the amount of fresh air introduced in the design of the air conditioning system.However, in residential buildings, such ventilation regulations are weak, and the ventilation for indoor air is also natural ventilation or kitchen. The situation is dependent only on the local exhaust of the toilet.

In other words, current apartments use forced exhaust systems in some spaces, such as bathrooms and kitchens, but rely only on non-powered aspirators on the rooftop in the process of discharging air from the interior to the outside. Since the pressure difference is not constant from layer to layer, the effect is not constant for all generations.

In order to solve this problem, a system has been developed for natural ventilation only for a living room, which is a part of the indoor space, but such a ventilation system is expected to be almost expecting the ventilation effect as it is covered by shields such as curtains or blinds installed in the room. It's hard.

In addition, although a small heat exchange type ventilation system has been proposed, most of the conventional ventilation systems are manufactured in a form of simply attaching an integrated package type heat exchanger to be applied to a planar state having a balcony structure like a current apartment. There was a significant problem in the introduction and uniform distribution of air flow into the room as a whole, and because the fan and the heat exchange element are integrated, there is a problem that the volume is large and there is a limit to the applicable space.

In addition, the opening and closing of the door is unnatural due to the pressure difference between the indoor and outdoor, and the discomfort may be caused to the occupants, and the integration of the fan and the heat exchange element may be beautiful in terms of design. Due to the limitation of the noise caused by the operation of the fan had a serious problem.

Therefore, the present invention has been made to solve the problems of the prior art as described above, the object of the present invention in the residential building, by configuring the heat exchanger and the fan portion as a prefabricated, so that the fan can be installed outdoors, To solve the noise problem caused by the operation of the fan, to improve the heat energy recovery efficiency of the heat exchange element to reduce the heating energy, and to provide a heat recovery ventilation system for residential buildings to reduce the relative humidity difference between indoor and outdoor using the absorbent. .

Another object of the present invention is to control the operation of the fan automatically in accordance with the change in the carbon dioxide concentration of the room, and in response to the change in the cross-sectional area of the heat exchange element so as not to generate a negative pressure in the room at a different speed between the air supply fan and the exhaust fan It is to provide a heat recovery ventilation system that is controlled in a range.

1 is a schematic overall structural diagram of a prefabricated heat recovery ventilation system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a perspective view of a prefabricated heat recovery ventilation system according to the present invention.

Figure 3 is a separation structure diagram between the heat exchange element and the fan according to the present invention.

4 is an exemplary view showing an example applied to the balcony wall of the apartment house.

5 is a view for explaining the operating state of the prefabricated heat recovery ventilation system according to the present invention.

6 is a structural diagram of a heat exchange element according to the present invention;

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

11: electric heat exchanger 12: air supply fan

13, 14: air supply duct 15: air supply

16: ventilation duct 17: ventilation holes

18: exhaust duct 19: exhaust fan

20 filter 21 heat exchange element

22: carbon dioxide sensor 23: fan speed control unit

24: control switch

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a ventilation system installed in a residential building, comprising: a first fan installed to be in contact with the outside air to supply the outside air to the room; A second fan installed to contact the outside to discharge the indoor air to the outside; An electric heat exchanger installed in the room and configured to recover heat energy and moisture contained in the air discharged from the room and to resupply it to the room; A first duct for connecting between the first fan and the total heat exchanger; A second duct connected to the total heat exchanger and having a plurality of air supply inlets for supplying air to all the spaces in the room; A third duct connected to the heat exchanger and having a plurality of ventilation holes formed to discharge air from all spaces in the room to the outside; A fourth duct for connecting between the second fan and the total heat exchanger; And a filter installed at a predetermined position for preventing the noise generated by the first and second fans from being transmitted to the room and for filtering the air supply air.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a schematic overall structural diagram of a duct-type heat recovery ventilation system according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 is a perspective view of a prefabricated heat recovery ventilation system according to the present invention, Figure 3 is a heat exchange element according to the present invention And a separation structure between the fan and FIG. 4 is an exemplary view showing an example applied to the wall of the balcony of the apartment house. In addition, Figure 5 is a view for explaining the operating state of the prefabricated heat recovery ventilation system according to the present invention, Figure 6 is a structural diagram of a heat exchange element according to the present invention.

In the figure, 11 is a heat exchanger, 12 is an air supply fan, 13 and 14 is an air supply duct, 15 is an air supply, 16 is a ventilation duct, 17 is a ventilation port, 18 is an exhaust duct, 19 is an exhaust fan, 20 is a filter, 21 is a heat exchanger. The element 22 represents a carbon dioxide sensor, 23 represents a fan speed control unit, and 24 represents a control switch.

The present invention introduces a total heat exchanger (11) in order to save the heating energy in winter by supplying fresh outside air to the room to improve the indoor air environment, as well as to recover the heat energy lost during ventilation to reuse the room heating.

In addition, the present invention introduces a duct-type structure in consideration of aesthetics in order to be able to supply fresh outside air to not only a part of the indoor space but also the entire living space in a residential building, and at the same time using a heat exchange element 21 made of a hygroscopic material Make sure to reduce the difference in relative humidity between indoors and outdoors.

In addition, the present invention is installed so that the air supply fan and the exhaust fan duct end portion is provided in direct contact with the outside air in the farthest part of the actual living space (for example, stairs of the building), the air supply fan ( 12) and the exhaust fan 19, at the same time to install a light-absorbing sound absorption filter at a predetermined position to minimize the noise problem, which is the biggest problem that can appear during forced ventilation in residential buildings.

Such features of the present invention will become more apparent by the specific structure of the present invention described below.

In the present invention, the air supply fan 12 for supplying air to the room and the exhaust fan 19 for discharging the air of the room to the outside are installed in a position that can directly contact the outside air. Here, the air supply fan 12 and the exhaust fan 19 may be configured to be operated by each drive motor, or one fan is polluted while the two fans are simultaneously rotated in the same direction by one drive motor. It is responsible for the function of discharging the indoor air to the outside, the other fan may be configured to serve to supply the fresh air to the room.

In addition, the heat exchanger 11 is installed separately from the fan according to the plane or structural form of the residential building to be installed, the heat exchange element 21 is embedded in the heat exchanger 11 to recover the heat energy.

In addition, a carbon dioxide sensor 22 that can sense the carbon dioxide concentration of the air discharged from the room is installed at a predetermined position of the ventilation duct 16, according to the concentration of carbon dioxide detected by the carbon dioxide sensor 22. The fan speed control unit 23 for adjusting the air volume is provided. The fan speed controller 23 may be configured such that the air supply fan and the exhaust fan are at different speeds, that is, in a similar range of the air supply air flow rate and the exhaust air flow rate, so that a negative pressure is not generated in the room in response to a change in the cross-sectional area of the heat exchange element 21. Control the fan to run. An air supply duct (or air supply pipe) 13 is provided between the air supply fan 12 and the heat exchanger 11 to supply the outside air to the room, and the air exchanger 11 and the exhaust fan 19 are disposed between the air supply fan 12 and the heat exchanger 11. An exhaust duct (or exhaust pipe) 18 for discharging air to the outside is installed.

On the other hand, when looking at the functional unit installed in the room, the air supply duct (or air supply pipe 14) is provided with a plurality of air supply mechanism 15 for supplying clean air to each space in the room. In addition, a ventilation duct (or a ventilation pipe) 16 in which a plurality of ventilation holes 17 are formed for discharging air in each indoor space is installed. These air supply ducts 14 and the ventilation ducts 16 are respectively connected to the heat exchanger 11, which can be located in the air supply space 15 and the ventilation openings 17 in all the room to ventilate all the space in the room. Is extended so that. In this way, the ventilation amount for ventilation is automatically adjusted using the carbon dioxide sensor 22 installed in the indoor exhaust duct. Of course, this may be controlled manually.

On the other hand, one side of the heat exchange element 21 in the heat exchanger 11 to prevent the noise generated by the air supply fan 12 or the exhaust fan 19 to be transmitted to the room, and the specific gravity is light to filter contaminants A sound absorbing filter 20 is provided. The sound absorbing filter 20 may not only be installed in the heat exchanger 11 but may be installed at any position in the ventilation system that may exert the same effect. In addition, the filter has a sound absorption function for preventing noise as well as a function for filtering contaminants such as dust and the like.

Looking at the overall ventilation flow of the present invention having the structure as described above are as follows.

First, the fresh air introduced by the air supply duct 13 and the air supply fan 12 directly connected to the air is supplied to the air supply duct 14 in the room through the heat exchanger 11. And, the indoor air warmed by winter heating is discharged to the outside through the ventilation opening 17, the ventilation duct 16, the heat exchanger 11, the exhaust duct 18 and the exhaust fan 19 as much as the amount of outside air introduced. In the process of discharging, the heat energy in the air passing through the heat exchanger 11 is exchanged by the heat exchange element 21 inside the heat exchanger. That is, when the outside air passes through the heat exchanger 11 in the process of supplying air from the outside to the room as described above, the heat energy contained in the air discharged to the outside is transferred to the air introduced into the room, Allow it to be supplied to the room while it is warmed up. This heat exchange process can provide adequate ventilation to the room and prevent the loss of heating energy.

In addition, the heat exchange element 21 absorbs moisture in the process of discharging the air inside the room, and provides moisture when the outdoor air having a relatively low humidity is supplied to the room, thereby making it easy to control the humidity in the room. .

On the other hand, by installing a sound absorbing filter 20 having a light specific gravity, it minimizes the noise problem, which is the biggest problem that can occur when forced ventilation in a residential building, and the duct connected to the heat exchanger 11 has a flat structure and temperature, air flow distribution According to the variable design, it is possible to supply comfortable air not only in the living room but also throughout the living space such as the bedroom and the small room. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, the air supply fan 12 and the exhaust fan 19 are installed outdoors by using ducts on the walls of the multi-family house, and the heat exchanger 11, the air supply fan 12, and the exhaust air are installed. In separating and installing the fan 19, the heat exchanger 11 and the fans can be connected using a corrugated pipe or the like. Of course, in this case, passages for supply and exhaust are separately provided.

6 is a structural diagram of a heat exchange element according to the present invention, in which 31 is an air supply side plate, 32 is an exhaust side plate, 33 is an air mixing prevention plate, 34 is a heat exchange element frame, and 35 is a filter mounting unit, respectively.

As a material of the heat exchanger according to the present invention, a material having a high thermal conductivity such as an aluminum thin plate may be used, or a material such as a special processed paper of a moisture absorption and moisture absorption material may be used. Using such a material to form the corrugated plate (31, 32) in a concave-convex shape formed. And these corrugated boards 31 and 32 are laminated | stacked alternately so that an uneven shape may orthogonally cross. Here, the air mixing prevention plate 33 is laminated between the corrugated plate and the corrugated plate to prevent the air flowing between the uneven grooves from being mixed. Thus, a stack of corrugated sheets stacked so as to be perpendicular to each other is stacked to manufacture a heat exchange element.

In this structure, in order to further improve the heat exchange efficiency, the present invention uses the at least two or more diaphragms to form the uneven shape in the same direction, that is, in a matched form, in order to further improve the heat exchange efficiency. In this way, the air discharged to the outside has a wider contact surface than the air introduced into the room. Therefore, the thermal energy contained in the air discharged from the room to the outside can be reliably recovered.

The plurality of corrugated plates formed in this way are installed in the frame 34, and a filter mounting part 35 for mounting a filter is installed at one side of the frame 34 in the air supply direction to form a flow such that air flows from the outside into the room. . In addition, the filter mounting part 35 is provided with a high efficiency dust collecting filter 20.

As described above, in the present invention, in order to maximize the heat exchange efficiency between the air flowing into the room and the air discharged to the outside, the exhaust side is formed by stacking at least two or more corrugated plates to match each other, and the air supply side has only one corrugated plate. To form multiple stages.

In the structure of the present invention, an unbalance of the air volume and a pressure difference between the indoor and the outside may be generated, so that the supply / exhaust fan is controlled at different speeds in order to prevent this. On the other hand, when driving the air supply fan and the exhaust fan through one drive motor size of the fan blades are different. In addition, the air supply / exhaust layer maximizes the heat transfer area and sets the gap gap and height so that the resistance of the heat exchange element itself is not large, and the wind speed and noise in the range to satisfy the ventilation required in the room. The cross-sectional area of the heat exchange element is determined from the condition that no discomfort will occur. In addition, in order to control the humidity in the room, it is preferable to use a material having a constant moisture absorption / dehumidification ability, such as a material containing a moisture absorbent or paper.

In this structure of the present invention with reference to Figure 5 looks at the overall operation of the ventilation system.

When the control switch 24 is turned on, the fan speed control unit 23 operates. The fan speed control unit 23 controls the air supply fan 12 and the exhaust fan 19 to operate at different speed ranges so that negative pressure does not occur in the room in response to a change in the cross-sectional area of the heat exchange element, thereby controlling the pressure difference between the indoor and outdoor. Try to solve the problem. On the other hand, when the supply fan and the exhaust fan are operated by one drive motor, the fan speed control unit 23 adjusts the fan speed only according to the concentration of carbon dioxide. In this case, the supply fan and the exhaust fan are driven by the same speed. It is controlled and the fan blade size is different to solve the pressure difference between indoor and outdoor. That is, since the amount of air discharged from the inside to the outside is greater than the amount of air flowing from the outside to the inside, the pressure difference between the indoor and outdoor can be solved by making the blade of the air supply fan larger than the blade of the exhaust fan.

In addition, the fan speed control unit 23 is activated and at the same time the concentration of carbon dioxide in the room is sensed by the carbon dioxide sensor 22 installed in the ventilation duct 16, and the fan speed control unit 23 is a fan according to the detected concentration of carbon dioxide. It will control the operation speed of. The indoor carbon dioxide concentration is continuously measured while the system is operating, and the fan is stopped when the indoor carbon dioxide concentration is below a certain threshold. On the other hand, when the carbon dioxide concentration in the room is above a certain threshold, the fan is operated at the maximum speed.

By this operation, when the carbon dioxide concentration in the room is lowered, the power of the fan required to continuously supply the conventional constant ventilation amount can be reduced, and when the person lives in the room, the necessary ventilation amount is continuously supplied to the human body. You can create a pleasant indoor environment.

According to the present invention configured as described above, by recovering the heat energy lost during ventilation to save the winter heating energy and at the same time to reduce the difference in relative humidity between the indoor and outdoor, by using a duct, the indoor partial space of the current residential building It can create a pleasant indoor air environment by supplying adequate ventilation amount throughout the living space of the occupants, as well as the occupants, and can install the heat exchanger and fan separately even when it is difficult to install due to the problem of the installation space in the residential building. In addition, since the fan can be most suitably used in the balcony flat structure of a domestic MDU, the fan is installed outdoors, thereby solving the noise problem caused by the operation of the fan.

In addition, by minimizing the power required to supply only the minimum required ventilation amount when operating the machine, it is possible to save energy according to the operation of the system to the maximum, and to prevent the negative pressure in the room from occurring due to the change in the cross-sectional area of the heat exchange element. It is possible to create a comfortable indoor environment by allowing the exhaust fans to operate at different speed ranges to solve the pressure difference outside the room.

Claims (6)

In the ventilation system installed in a residential building, A first fan installed to be in contact with the outside air to supply the outside air to the room; A second fan installed to contact the outside to discharge the indoor air to the outside; An electric heat exchanger installed in the room and configured to recover heat energy and moisture contained in the air discharged from the room and to resupply it to the room; A first duct for connecting between the first fan and the total heat exchanger; A second duct connected to the total heat exchanger and having a plurality of air supply inlets for supplying air to all the spaces in the room; A third duct connected to the heat exchanger and having a plurality of ventilation holes formed to discharge air from all spaces in the room to the outside; A fourth duct for connecting between the second fan and the total heat exchanger; And And a filter installed at a predetermined position to prevent the noise generated by the first and second fans from being transmitted to the room and to filter the air supply. The method of claim 1, And a controller for controlling the operation speed of the first and second fans according to the carbon dioxide concentration of the air discharged from the room to the outside. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The total heat exchanger includes a heat exchange element, The heat exchange element, Uneven corrugated plate and plate-shaped diaphragm are sequentially stacked, and a plurality of corrugated plates are laminated so that the uneven shape is perpendicular to each other, and the laminated corrugated plates are fixedly installed by a frame. Ventilation system, characterized in that the part forming the air flow discharged to the outside from the room is configured so that at least two or more corrugated sheets are stacked in a line in a mutually aligned form so that the discharged air is contacted through a larger area. The method of claim 3, wherein Ventilation system, characterized in that for mounting the filter, the filter mounting portion is integrally provided on one side of the frame of the portion forming the flow of air flowing from the outside to the room. The method of claim 4, wherein And the controller controls the speeds of the first and second fans to be different so that a pressure difference does not occur between indoors and outdoors. The method of claim 4, wherein And the first and second fans are operated by one motor, and the vanes of the first fan are larger than the vanes of the second fan.