KR100323735B1 - Multi-domain liquid crystal display device - Google Patents
Multi-domain liquid crystal display device Download PDFInfo
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- KR100323735B1 KR100323735B1 KR1019990005898A KR19990005898A KR100323735B1 KR 100323735 B1 KR100323735 B1 KR 100323735B1 KR 1019990005898 A KR1019990005898 A KR 1019990005898A KR 19990005898 A KR19990005898 A KR 19990005898A KR 100323735 B1 KR100323735 B1 KR 100323735B1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
- G02F1/133707—Structures for producing distorted electric fields, e.g. bumps, protrusions, recesses, slits in pixel electrodes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
- G02F1/133753—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers with different alignment orientations or pretilt angles on a same surface, e.g. for grey scale or improved viewing angle
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1343—Electrodes
- G02F1/134309—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement
- G02F1/134363—Electrodes characterised by their geometrical arrangement for applying an electric field parallel to the substrate, i.e. in-plane switching [IPS]
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/136—Liquid crystal cells structurally associated with a semi-conducting layer or substrate, e.g. cells forming part of an integrated circuit
- G02F1/1362—Active matrix addressed cells
- G02F1/136213—Storage capacitors associated with the pixel electrode
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Abstract
본 발명의 멀티도메인 액정표시소자는 대향하는 제1기판 및 제2기판과, 상기한 제1기판 상에 형성된 전계왜곡 도전층과, 상기한 제2기판 상에 형성된 컬러필터층과, 상기한 컬러필터층 상에 형성된 전계왜곡돌기와, 상기한 전계왜곡돌기 상에 형성된 공통전극과, 상기한 제1기판과 제2기판 사이에 형성된 액정층으로 이루어진다.The multi-domain liquid crystal display device of the present invention includes an opposing first substrate and a second substrate, an electric field distortion conductive layer formed on the first substrate, a color filter layer formed on the second substrate, and the color filter layer. And a liquid crystal layer formed between the first and second substrates, and a common electrode formed on the field distortion protrusions.
Description
본 발명은 액정표시소자에 관한 것으로, 특히, 컬러필터층 상에 전계왜곡돌기를 형성하여 전계를 왜곡시키는 멀티도메인 액정표시소자(multi-domain liquid crystal display device)에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device, and more particularly, to a multi-domain liquid crystal display device for distorting an electric field by forming an electric field distortion protrusion on a color filter layer.
최근, 액정을 배향하지 않고, 화소전극과 전기적으로 절연된 보조전극에 의해 액정을 구동하는 액정표시소자가 제안된 바 있다. 도 1은 상기한 종래 액정표시소자의 단위화소의 단면도이다.Recently, a liquid crystal display device for driving a liquid crystal by an auxiliary electrode electrically insulated from the pixel electrode without aligning the liquid crystal has been proposed. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a unit pixel of the above-described conventional liquid crystal display device.
종래의 액정표시소자는, 제1기판 및 제2기판과, 제1기판 위에 종횡으로 형성되어 제1기판을 복수의 화소영역으로 나누는 복수의 데이터배선 및 게이트배선과, 제1기판 상의 화소영역 각각에 형성되고 게이트전극, 게이트절연막, 반도체층, 오믹콘택층(Ohmic contact layer) 및 소스/드레인전극으로 구성된 박막트랜지스터(Thin Film Transistor ; TFT)와, 상기한 게이트절연막 상에 형성된 보조전극(15)과, 그 위에 상기한 제1기판 전체에 걸쳐 형성된 보호막(37)과, 상기한 보호막(37) 위에서 상기한 보조전극(15)의 일부와 겹쳐지도록 형성된 화소전극(13)으로 이루어진다.The conventional liquid crystal display device includes a first substrate and a second substrate, a plurality of data wirings and gate wirings formed vertically and horizontally on the first substrate to divide the first substrate into a plurality of pixel regions, and the pixel regions on the first substrate, respectively. A thin film transistor (TFT) formed on the gate electrode, a gate insulating film, a semiconductor layer, an ohmic contact layer, and a source / drain electrode, and the auxiliary electrode 15 formed on the gate insulating film. And a protective film 37 formed over the entire first substrate thereon, and a pixel electrode 13 formed to overlap with a part of the auxiliary electrode 15 described above on the protective film 37.
그리고, 상기한 제2기판 위에 상기한 게이트배선, 데이터배선, 및 박막트랜지스터에서 누설되는 빛을 차단하는 차광층(25)과, 상기한 차광층 위에 형성된 컬러필터층(23)과, 상기한 컬러필터층(23) 위에 형성된 공통전극(17)과, 그리고, 제1기판과 제2기판 사이에 형성된 액정층으로 이루어진다. 상기한 공통전극(17)에는, 오픈영역(27)을 형성하여 액정층에 인가되는 전계를 왜곡시키는 효과를 낸다.The light blocking layer 25 for blocking light leaking from the gate wiring, the data wiring, and the thin film transistor on the second substrate, the color filter layer 23 formed on the light blocking layer, and the color filter layer. The common electrode 17 formed on the upper portion 23 and the liquid crystal layer formed between the first substrate and the second substrate. In the common electrode 17, an open area 27 is formed to distort an electric field applied to the liquid crystal layer.
화소전극(13)의 둘레에 형성된 보조전극(15)과, 공통전극(17)의 오픈영역(27)은 상기한 액정층에 인가되는 전기장을 왜곡시켜 단위화소 내에서 액정분자를 다양하게 구동시킨다. 이것은 상기한 액정표시소자에 전압을 인가할 때, 왜곡된 전기장에 의한 유전 에너지가 액정 방향자를 원하는 방향으로 위치시킴을 의미한다.The auxiliary electrode 15 formed around the pixel electrode 13 and the open region 27 of the common electrode 17 distort the electric field applied to the liquid crystal layer, thereby driving various liquid crystal molecules in the unit pixel. . This means that when a voltage is applied to the liquid crystal display, the dielectric energy due to the distorted electric field places the liquid crystal director in a desired direction.
그러나, 상기한 액정표시소자는, 멀티도메인 효과를 얻기 위해 화소전극(13) 또는 공통전극(17)에 오픈영역(27)이 필요하며, 이를 위해서 액정표시소자의 제조공정 중 상기한 전극들을 패터닝하는 공정이 추가된다.However, the liquid crystal display device requires an open area 27 in the pixel electrode 13 or the common electrode 17 in order to obtain a multi-domain effect, and for this purpose, the electrodes are patterned during the manufacturing process of the liquid crystal display device. The process to add is added.
또한, 상기한 오픈영역(27)이 없거나 그 폭이 작으면 도메인 분할에 필요한 전기장 왜곡 정도가 약하므로, 액정의 방향자(director)가 안정한 상태에 이르는 시간은 상대적으로 길어진다는 문제점이 있다.In addition, if the open area 27 is not present or the width thereof is small, the degree of electric field distortion required for domain division is weak. Therefore, the time for reaching the stable state of the liquid crystal director is relatively long.
본 발명은 상기한 종래 기술의 문제점을 감안하여 이루어진 것으로, 상판의 컬러필터층 상에 전계왜곡돌기를 형성하고, 하판에 전계유도창 및/또는 보조전극을 형성하여, 멀티도메인 효과를 구현한 멀티도메인 액정표시소자를 제공하는 것을 목적으로 한다.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems of the prior art, and forms a field distortion protrusion on a color filter layer of an upper plate and forms an electric field induction window and / or an auxiliary electrode on a lower plate, thereby implementing a multi-domain effect It is an object to provide a liquid crystal display device.
상기한 목적을 달성하기 위해, 본 발명에 따른 멀티도메인 액정표시소자는, 대향하는 제1기판 및 제2기판과, 상기한 제1기판 상에 형성된 전계왜곡 도전층과, 상기한 제2기판 상에 형성된 컬러필터층과, 상기한 컬러필터층 상에 형성된 전계왜곡돌기와, 상기한 전계왜곡돌기 상에 형성된 공통전극과, 상기한 제1기판과 제2기판 사이에 형성된 액정층으로 이루어진다.In order to achieve the above object, the multi-domain liquid crystal display device according to the present invention includes an opposing first substrate and a second substrate, an electric field distortion conductive layer formed on the first substrate, and the second substrate on the second substrate. And a color filter layer formed on the substrate, a field distortion protrusion formed on the color filter layer, a common electrode formed on the field distortion protrusion, and a liquid crystal layer formed between the first substrate and the second substrate.
상기한 전계왜곡돌기는, 패터닝되어 형성되며, 차광층 역할도 하며, 상기한전계왜곡돌기의 유전율은, 상기한 액정층의 유전율 보다 작은 것을 특징으로 한다.The field distortion protrusion is formed by patterning and serves as a light shielding layer, and the dielectric constant of the field distortion protrusion is smaller than that of the liquid crystal layer.
상기한 전계왜곡돌기는, 감광성물질로 이루어지며, 아크릴(photoacrylate) 및 BCB(BenzoCycloButene)를 들 수 있다.The field distortion protrusion is made of a photosensitive material, and may include acryl (photoacrylate) and BCB (BenzoCycloButene).
본 발명의 멀티도메인 액정표시소자는, 상기한 전계왜곡 도전층과 동일 층 또는 다른 층에, 보조전극을 추가로 포함한다.The multi-domain liquid crystal display device of the present invention further includes an auxiliary electrode in the same layer or a different layer from the above-described field distortion conductive layer.
상기한 전계왜곡 도전층은, 그 내부에 전계유도창을 가지며, 상기한 액정층을 구성하는 액정은, 양 또는 음의 유전율 이방성을 가지며, 카이랄도펀트를 포함한다.The above-mentioned electric field distortion conductive layer has an electric field induction window therein, and the liquid crystal constituting the above-mentioned liquid crystal layer has positive or negative dielectric anisotropy and contains a chiral dopant.
도 1은 종래의 액정표시소자의 단면도.1 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional liquid crystal display device.
도 2a 및 2b는 본 발명의 제1실시예에 따른 멀티도메인 액정표시소자의 단면도.2A and 2B are cross-sectional views of a multi-domain liquid crystal display device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
도 3a, 3b, 3c는 본 발명의 제2실시예에 따른 멀티도메인 액정표시소자의 단면도.3A, 3B and 3C are cross-sectional views of a multi-domain liquid crystal display device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
도 4a 및 4b는 본 발명의 제3실시예에 따른 멀티도메인 액정표시소자의 단면도.4A and 4B are cross-sectional views of a multi-domain liquid crystal display device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
도 5a 및 5b는 본 발명의 제4실시예에 따른 멀티도메인 액정표시소자의 단면도.5A and 5B are cross-sectional views of a multi-domain liquid crystal display device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
도 6a, 6b, 6c는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 여러 가지 전계유도창 및 전계왜곡돌기를 나타내는 도면.6A, 6B, and 6C are views illustrating various field induction windows and field distortion protrusions according to an embodiment of the present invention.
도 7a, 7b, 7c는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 여러 가지 전계유도창 및 전계왜곡돌기를 나타내는 도면.7A, 7B, and 7C illustrate various electric field induction windows and electric field distortion protrusions according to an embodiment of the present invention.
도 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 여러 가지 전계유도창 및 전계왜곡돌기를 나타내는 도면.8A, 8B, 8C, and 8D are views illustrating various field induction windows and field distortion protrusions according to an embodiment of the present invention.
도 9a, 9b, 9c는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 여러 가지 전계유도창 및 전계왜곡돌기를 나타내는 도면.9A, 9B, and 9C are views illustrating various field induction windows and field distortion protrusions according to an embodiment of the present invention.
도 10a, 10b, 10c는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 여러 가지 전계유도창 및 전계왜곡돌기를 나타내는 도면.10A, 10B, and 10C are views illustrating various electric field induction windows and electric field distortion protrusions according to one embodiment of the present invention.
도 11a, 11b, 11c는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 여러 가지 전계유도창 및 전계왜곡돌기를 나타내는 도면.11A, 11B, and 11C illustrate various field induction windows and field distortion protrusions according to an embodiment of the present invention.
도 12a, 12b, 12c는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 여러 가지 전계유도창 및 전계왜곡돌기를 나타내는 도면.12A, 12B, and 12C are views illustrating various electric field induction windows and electric field distortion protrusions according to one embodiment of the present invention.
도 13a, 13b, 13c는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 여러 가지 전계유도창 및 전계왜곡돌기를 나타내는 도면.13A, 13B, and 13C are views illustrating various field induction windows and field distortion protrusions according to an embodiment of the present invention.
도 14a, 14b, 14c는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 여러 가지 전계유도창 및 전계왜곡돌기를 나타내는 도면.14A, 14B, and 14C are diagrams illustrating various electric field induction windows and electric field distortion protrusions according to one embodiment of the present invention.
도 15a, 15b, 15c는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 여러 가지 전계유도창 및 전계왜곡돌기를 나타내는 도면.15A, 15B, and 15C are views illustrating various electric field induction windows and electric field distortion protrusions according to an embodiment of the present invention.
도 16은 본 발명의 제2실시예에 따른 멀티도메인 액정표시소자의 평면도.16 is a plan view of a multi-domain liquid crystal display device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
* 도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명 *Explanation of symbols on the main parts of the drawings
1 : 게이트배선1: Gate wiring
3 : 데이터배선3: Data wiring
7 : 소스전극7: source electrode
9 : 드레인전극9: drain electrode
11 : 게이트전극11: gate electrode
13 : 화소전극13: pixel electrode
15 : 보조전극15: auxiliary electrode
17 : 공통전극17: common electrode
23 : 컬러필터층23: color filter layer
25 : 차광층25: light shielding layer
27 : 오픈영역27: open area
29 : 위상차 필름29: retardation film
31 : 제1기판31: first substrate
33 : 제2기판33: second substrate
35 : 게이트절연막35 gate insulating film
37 : 보호막37: protective film
39 : 콘택홀39: contact hole
43 : 스토리지 전극43: storage electrode
45 : 오버코트층45: overcoat layer
51 : 전계유도창(홀 또는 슬릿)51: electric field induction window (hole or slit)
53 : 전계왜곡돌기53: field distortion protrusion
이하, 도면을 참조하여 본 발명에 따른 멀티도메인 액정표시소자를 상세하게 설명한다.Hereinafter, a multi-domain liquid crystal display device according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
도 2a, 2b는 본 발명의 제1실시예에 따른 멀티도메인 액정표시소자의 단면도이다.2A and 2B are cross-sectional views of a multi-domain liquid crystal display device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
상기한 도면에 나타낸 바와 같이, 본 발명의 멀티도메인 액정표시소자는, 제1기판(31) 및 제2기판(33)과, 상기한 제1기판 위에 종횡으로 형성되어 제1기판을 복수의 화소영역으로 나누는 복수의 데이터배선(3) 및 게이트배선과, 제1기판(31) 상의 화소영역 각각에 형성되고 게이트전극, 게이트절연막(35), 반도체층, 오믹콘택층 및 소스/드레인전극으로 구성된 박막트랜지스터와, 상기한 제1기판 전체에 걸쳐 형성된 보호막(37)과, 그리고, 상기한 보호막 위에서 드레인전극과 연결된 화소전극(13)으로 이루어진다.As shown in the above drawings, the multi-domain liquid crystal display device of the present invention is formed vertically and horizontally on the first substrate 31 and the second substrate 33 and the above-described first substrate to form a plurality of pixels. A plurality of data wirings 3 and gate wirings divided into regions, and formed in each of the pixel regions on the first substrate 31 and composed of a gate electrode, a gate insulating film 35, a semiconductor layer, an ohmic contact layer, and a source / drain electrode. The thin film transistor includes a thin film transistor, a passivation layer 37 formed over the entire first substrate, and a pixel electrode 13 connected to the drain electrode on the passivation layer.
그리고, 상기한 제2기판(33) 위에서 상기한 게이트배선, 데이터배선, 및 박막트랜지스터에서 누설되는 빛을 차단하는 차광층(25)과, 상기한 차광층(25) 위에 형성된 컬러필터층(23)과, 상기한 컬러필터층 상에 형성된 전계왜곡돌기(53)와, 상기한 전계왜곡돌기 상에서 일체로 형성된 공통전극(17)과, 그리고, 제1기판(31)과 제2기판(33) 사이에 형성된 액정층으로 이루어진다.The light blocking layer 25 for blocking light leaking from the gate wiring, the data wiring, and the thin film transistor on the second substrate 33 and the color filter layer 23 formed on the light blocking layer 25. And between the field distortion protrusion 53 formed on the color filter layer, the common electrode 17 integrally formed on the field distortion protrusion, and between the first substrate 31 and the second substrate 33. It is made of a liquid crystal layer formed.
상기한 구조의 멀티도메인 액정표시소자를 제조하기 위해서는, 우선, 제1기판(31)의 화소영역 각각에 게이트전극, 게이트절연막(35), 반도체층, 오믹콘택층 및 소스/드레인전극으로 이루어진 박막트랜지스터를 형성한다. 이 때, 제1기판(31)을 복수의 화소영역으로 나누는 복수의 게이트배선 및 데이터배선(3)이 형성된다.In order to manufacture the multi-domain liquid crystal display device having the above structure, first, a thin film made of a gate electrode, a gate insulating film 35, a semiconductor layer, an ohmic contact layer, and a source / drain electrode in each pixel region of the first substrate 31 is formed. Form a transistor. At this time, a plurality of gate wirings and data wirings 3 are formed which divide the first substrate 31 into a plurality of pixel regions.
상기한 게이트전극, 게이트배선은 Al, Mo, Cr, Ta 또는 Al합금 등과 같은 금속을 스퍼터링(sputtering)방법으로 적층한 후 패터닝(patterning)하여 형성하고, 그 위에 게이트절연막(35)을 SiNX또는 SiOX를 PECVD방법으로 적층한 후 패터닝하여 형성한다. 계속해서, 반도체층 및 오믹콘택층은 각각 a-Si 및 n+a-Si을 PECVD(Plasma Enhancement Chemical Vapor Deposition)방법으로 적층한 후 패터닝하여 형성한다. 또는, 상기한 게이트절연막(35), a-Si, 및 n+a-Si을 PECVD로 연속증착하여 패터닝할 수 있다. 그리고, Al, Mo, Cr, Ta 또는 Al합금 등과 같은 금속을 스퍼터링방법으로 적층한 후 패터닝하여 데이터배선 및 소스/드레인전극을 형성한다.The gate electrode and the gate wiring are formed by stacking and patterning a metal such as Al, Mo, Cr, Ta, or Al alloy by a sputtering method, and forming the gate insulating film 35 thereon by SiN X or SiO X is deposited by lamination by PECVD and then patterned. Subsequently, the semiconductor layer and the ohmic contact layer are formed by laminating a-Si and n + a-Si, respectively, by PECVD (Plasma Enhancement Chemical Vapor Deposition). Alternatively, the gate insulating film 35, a-Si, and n + a-Si may be continuously deposited by PECVD and patterned. Then, metals such as Al, Mo, Cr, Ta, or Al alloys are laminated by sputtering, and then patterned to form data wirings and source / drain electrodes.
이어서, 제1기판(31) 전체에 걸쳐 BCB(BenzoCycloButene),아크릴수지(acrylic resin), 폴리이미드(polyimide) 화합물, SiNX또는 SiOX등의 물질로 보호막(37)을 형성하고, ITO(indium tin oxide), Al 또는 Cr 등과 같은 금속을 스퍼터링방법으로 적층한 후 패터닝하여 화소전극(13)을 형성한다. 이 때, 상기한 화소전극(13)은 콘택홀을 통해 상기한 드레인전극과 연결된다.Subsequently, the protective film 37 is formed of a material such as BCB (BenzoCycloButene), an acrylic resin, a polyimide compound, SiN X or SiO X , and the ITO (indium) over the first substrate 31. A metal electrode 13 is formed by stacking a metal such as tin oxide), Al, or Cr by a sputtering method and then patterning the metal. In this case, the pixel electrode 13 is connected to the drain electrode through the contact hole.
제2기판(33) 위에는 차광층(25)을 형성하고, R, G, B(Red, Green, Blue) 소자가 화소마다 반복되도록 컬러필터층(23)을 형성한다. 상기한 컬러필터층(23) 위에 감광성 물질을 적층한 후, 포토리소그래피(photolithography)로 패터닝하여 여러 가지 형상으로 전계왜곡돌기(53)를 형성한다. 이어서, 공통전극(17)을 화소전극(13)과 마찬가지로 ITO 등과 같은 투명전극으로 형성하며, 그리고, 상기한 제1기판(31)과 제2기판(33) 사이에 액정을 주입하므로써 멀티도메인 액정표시소자를 완성한다.The light blocking layer 25 is formed on the second substrate 33, and the color filter layer 23 is formed such that R, G, and B (red, green, blue) elements are repeated for each pixel. After the photosensitive material is laminated on the color filter layer 23, the photoelectric material is patterned by photolithography to form the field distortion protrusions 53 in various shapes. Subsequently, the common electrode 17 is formed of a transparent electrode such as ITO or the like as the pixel electrode 13, and a liquid crystal is injected between the first substrate 31 and the second substrate 33 by the liquid crystal. Complete the display element.
상기한 전계왜곡돌기(53)를 구성하는 물질은 상기한 액정층의 유전율(dielectric constant)과 동일하거나 작은 유전율을 가진 물질이 좋으며, 3이하가 바람직하고, 예를 들어, 아크릴(photoacrylate) 또는 BCB(BenzoCycloButene)와 같은 물질을 들 수 있다.The material constituting the electric field distortion protrusion 53 is preferably a material having a dielectric constant equal to or smaller than the dielectric constant of the liquid crystal layer, and preferably 3 or less, for example, acrylic or BCB. And substances such as (BenzoCycloButene).
덧붙여, 상기한 제1기판(31) 또는 제2기판(33) 중 적어도 한 기판 상에 고분자를 연신하여 위상차필름(29)을 형성한다.In addition, the retardation film 29 is formed by stretching the polymer on at least one of the first and second substrates 31 and 33.
상기한 위상차필름(29)은 음성일축성 필름(negative uniaxial film)으로서 광축이 하나인 일축성 물질로 형성하며, 기판에 수직인 방향과 시야각 변화에 따른 방향에서 사용자가 느끼는 보상해주는 역할을 한다. 따라서, 계조반전(grayinversion)이 없는 영역을 넓히고, 경사방향에서 콘트라스트비(contrast ratio)를 높이며, 하나의 화소를 멀티도메인으로 형성하는 것에 의해 더욱 효과적으로 좌우방향의 시야각을 보상할 수 있다.The retardation film 29 is a negative uniaxial film, and is formed of a uniaxial material having one optical axis, and serves to compensate for a user's feeling in a direction perpendicular to the substrate and a change in viewing angle. Accordingly, the viewing angle in the left and right directions can be more effectively compensated by widening the region without grayinversion, increasing the contrast ratio in the oblique direction, and forming one pixel in a multi-domain.
본 발명의 멀티도메인 액정표시소자에 있어서, 상기한 음성일축성 필름 이외에, 위상차필름으로서 음성이축성 필름(negative biaxial film)을 형성하여도 되며, 광축이 둘인 이축성 물질로 구성되는 음성이축성 필름은 상기한 일축성 필름에 비해 넓은 시야각(viewing angle) 특성을 얻을 수 있다.In the multi-domain liquid crystal display device of the present invention, in addition to the negative uniaxial film described above, a negative biaxial film may be formed as a retardation film, and a negative biaxial film composed of a biaxial material having two optical axes. Compared to the uniaxial film described above, a wide viewing angle characteristic can be obtained.
그리고, 상기한 위상차필름을 부착한 후 양 기판에는 편광자(polarizer)(도면에 나타내지 않음)를 부착하며, 이 때, 상기한 편광자는 상기한 위상차필름과 일체로 형성하여 부착할 수 있다.After attaching the retardation film, a polarizer (not shown) is attached to both substrates, and the polarizer may be formed integrally with the retardation film.
도 2b에 나타낸 액정표시소자는, 상기한 컬러필터층(23) 상에 오버코트층(45)을 추가로 형성한 후 전계왜곡돌기(53)를 형성한 구조로써, 상기한 오버코트층(45)이 BCB(BenzoCycloButene), 아크릴수지(acrylic resin), 또는 폴리이미드(polyimide) 화합물 등의 유기물로 이루어져 전계왜곡돌기와의 점착성을 향상시킬 수 있다.The liquid crystal display device shown in FIG. 2B has a structure in which the overcoat layer 45 is further formed on the color filter layer 23 and the field distortion protrusion 53 is formed. The overcoat layer 45 is formed of BCB. (BenzoCycloButene), acrylic resin (acrylic resin), or a polyimide (polyimide) compound, such as a polyimide (polyimide) compound can be made to improve the adhesion with the electric field distortion protrusion.
이 때, 상기한 전계왜곡돌기(53)를 도 6 ~ 15에 나타낸 형상과 같이 형성하므로써, 종래의 액정표시소자에서 화소영역 내에 전경(disclination)이 생기는 부분을 해소하는 효과를 낸다.At this time, by forming the electric field distortion protrusion 53 as shown in Figs. 6 to 15, the conventional liquid crystal display device has the effect of eliminating the part where the foreground occurs in the pixel area.
도 3a, 3b, 3c는 본 발명의 제2실시예에 따른 멀티도메인 액정표시소자의 단면도이다. 본 발명의 제2실시예는, 상기한 화소전극(13)과 동일 층에 화소영역을둘러싸도록 보조전극(15)을 형성한 것으로써, 전계왜곡돌기(53)와 더불어 액정층에 인가되는 전계를 더욱 효과적으로 왜곡시킨다. 상기한 실시예의 평면도를 도 16에 나타내었다.3A, 3B, and 3C are cross-sectional views of a multi-domain liquid crystal display device according to a second embodiment of the present invention. In the second embodiment of the present invention, the auxiliary electrode 15 is formed on the same layer as the pixel electrode 13 so as to surround the pixel region, and the electric field applied to the liquid crystal layer together with the electric field distortion protrusion 53. Distort more effectively. The top view of the above-mentioned embodiment is shown in FIG.
상기한 보조전극(15)은, 상기한 화소전극(13)과 동일한 금속으로 1회, 또는 서로 다른 종류의 금속으로 2회 패터닝하여 형성하는 것이 가능하다. 상기한 보조전극(15)을 화소전극(13)과 동일 물질로 사용하여 형성할 때는 동일 마스크로 동시에 형성하고 상기한 공통전극(17)과 전기적으로 연결시키며, 다른 물질로 형성할 때는 추가 마스크를 사용하여 다른 금속으로 구성하거나, 서로 다른 이중 층으로 할 수도 있다. 또한, 상기한 보조전극(15)은 게이트전극(9)과 동일 층에 형성할 수 있다(도 3c).The auxiliary electrode 15 may be formed by patterning once with the same metal as the pixel electrode 13 or twice with different kinds of metals. When the auxiliary electrode 15 is formed using the same material as the pixel electrode 13, the auxiliary electrode 15 is simultaneously formed with the same mask and electrically connected to the common electrode 17. It may be made of different metals, or may be made of different double layers. In addition, the auxiliary electrode 15 may be formed on the same layer as the gate electrode 9 (FIG. 3C).
이 때, 상기한 게이트배선(1) 및/또는 보조전극(15)과 오버랩되도록 스토리지전극(43)을 동시에 형성하며, 상기한 스토리지전극(43)은 상기한 게이트배선(1) 및/또는 공통보조전극(15)과 스토리지 캐패시터 역할을 한다.At this time, the storage electrode 43 is formed simultaneously so as to overlap the gate wiring 1 and / or the auxiliary electrode 15, and the storage electrode 43 is the gate wiring 1 and / or common. The auxiliary electrode 15 serves as a storage capacitor.
상기한 평면도에 나타낸 바와 같이, 본 발명의 멀티도메인 액정표시소자는 고개구율 박막트랜지스터(L-lined Thin Film Transistor) 구조로서, 보조전극(15) 상에도 스토리지 전극(43)을 형성하여, 스토리지 캐패시터를 확장시키는 효과를 얻을 수 있다. 도면에 나타내진 않았지만, 상기한 보조전극(15)과 화소전극(13)을 오버랩시킨 구조도 가능하다.As shown in the above plan view, the multi-domain liquid crystal display device of the present invention has a high-throughput thin film transistor (L-lined Thin Film Transistor) structure, and the storage electrode 43 is formed on the auxiliary electrode 15 to form a storage capacitor. The effect of expanding is obtained. Although not shown, a structure in which the auxiliary electrode 15 and the pixel electrode 13 overlap with each other is also possible.
상기한 L형 TFT는 게이트배선(1) 상에 L자 형상으로 TFT를 형성하므로써, 종래의 박막트랜지스터에 비해 개구율이 향상되는 효과가 있으며, 게이트배선(1)과드레인전극(9) 사이에서 발생하는 기생용량(parasitic capacitor)을 줄일 수 있다.The L-type TFT forms an L-shaped TFT on the gate wiring 1, thereby improving the aperture ratio compared to a conventional thin film transistor, and is generated between the gate wiring 1 and the drain electrode 9. The parasitic capacitor can be reduced.
상기한 보조전극(15)에 전압(Vcom)을 인가하는 방법은, 제1기판(31) 상에서 액정표시소자의 구동영역의 각 모서리에 Ag-Dotting부를 형성하므로써, 제2기판(33)에 전계를 인가하여 상하 전위차에 의해 액정을 구동시킨다. 상기 각 모서리의 Ag-Dotting부와 보조전극(15)을 연결하여 전압(Vcom)을 인가하며, 이 공정은 상기한 보조전극(15)을 형성함과 동시에 이루어진다.In the method of applying the voltage Vcom to the auxiliary electrode 15, an Ag-Dotting portion is formed at each corner of the driving region of the liquid crystal display element on the first substrate 31, whereby the electric field is applied to the second substrate 33. Is applied to drive the liquid crystal by the vertical potential difference. A voltage Vcom is applied by connecting the Ag-Dotting portion and the auxiliary electrode 15 at each corner, and this process is performed simultaneously with forming the auxiliary electrode 15.
도 3b에 나타낸 액정표시소자는, 상기한 컬러필터층(23) 상에 오버코트층(45)을 추가로 형성한 후 전계왜곡돌기(53)를 형성하여, 전계왜곡돌기와의 점착성을 향상시킨 구조이다.The liquid crystal display device shown in FIG. 3B has a structure in which an overcoat layer 45 is further formed on the color filter layer 23 described above, and then an electric field distortion protrusion 53 is formed to improve adhesion to the electric field distortion protrusion.
도 4a 및 4b는 본 발명의 제3실시예에 따른 멀티도메인 액정표시소자의 단면도이다. 본 발명의 제3실시예는, 상기한 전계왜곡돌기(53)를 차광층(25) 영역에 형성한 것으로써, 전계왜곡 효과와 더불어 차광역할도 할 수 있도록 구성한 것이다.4A and 4B are cross-sectional views of a multi-domain liquid crystal display device according to a third embodiment of the present invention. According to the third embodiment of the present invention, the above-described field distortion protrusions 53 are formed in the light shielding layer 25 region so as to serve as light shielding functions as well as the field distortion effect.
도 4b에 나타낸 액정표시소자는, 상기한 컬러필터층(23) 상에 오버코트층(45)을 추가로 형성한 후 전계왜곡돌기(53)를 형성하여, 전계왜곡돌기와의 점착성을 향상시킨 구조이다.The liquid crystal display device shown in FIG. 4B has a structure in which an overcoat layer 45 is further formed on the color filter layer 23 described above, and then an electric field distortion protrusion 53 is formed to improve adhesion to the electric field distortion protrusion.
도 5a 및 5b는 본 발명의 제4실시예에 따른 멀티도메인 액정표시소자의 단면도이다. 본 발명의 제4실시예는 상기한 화소전극(13) 내에 슬릿(slit)의 전계유도창(51)을 패터닝하여 형성한 것으로써, 상기한 전계유도창(51)은 액정층 내의 전계왜곡효과를 극대화한다. 또한, 게이트절연막(35) 및/또는 보호막(37)에 홀(hole)을 형성할 수도 있다.5A and 5B are cross-sectional views of a multi-domain liquid crystal display device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. The fourth embodiment of the present invention is formed by patterning a slit electric field induction window 51 in the pixel electrode 13, wherein the electric field induction window 51 has a field distortion effect in the liquid crystal layer. Maximize. In addition, holes may be formed in the gate insulating layer 35 and / or the protective layer 37.
도 5b에 나타낸 액정표시소자는, 상기한 컬러필터층(23) 상에 오버코트층(45)을 추가로 형성한 후 전계왜곡돌기(53)를 형성하여, 전계왜곡돌기와의 점착성을 향상시킨 구조이다.The liquid crystal display device shown in FIG. 5B has a structure in which an overcoat layer 45 is further formed on the color filter layer 23 described above, and then an electric field distortion protrusion 53 is formed to improve adhesion to the electric field distortion protrusion.
덧붙여, 본 발명의 멀티도메인 액정표시소자는, 상기한 화소전극 상에 유전체 구조물을 형성하거나, 상기한 보호막, 게이트절연막, 컬러필터층, 및/또는 공통전극을 패터닝하여, 그 내부에 홀(hole) 또는 슬릿(slit)과 같은 전계유도창을 형성하므로써 전계 왜곡 효과 및 멀티도메인을 구현하는 것도 가능하다.In addition, in the multi-domain liquid crystal display device of the present invention, a dielectric structure is formed on the pixel electrode, or the protective film, the gate insulating film, the color filter layer, and / or the common electrode are patterned to form a hole therein. Alternatively, it is possible to realize electric field distortion effects and multi-domains by forming an electric field induction window such as a slit.
도 6 ~ 15는 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 여러 가지 전계유도창 및 전계왜곡돌기를 나타내는 도면이다.6 to 15 are diagrams showing various field induction windows and field distortion protrusions according to an embodiment of the present invention.
상기한 전계유도창(51) 또는 전계왜곡돌기(53)는, 가로, 세로, 및 양 대각선으로 길게 패터닝하여 2도메인으로 분할한 효과를 내거나, ×자 형상, ＋자 형상, ◇ 형상, 빗살형상, 더블와이(도 8c)형상 및 ×자와 ＋자 형상을 동시에 패터닝하여 4도메인 및 멀티도메인으로 분할한 효과를 구현하고, 양 기판 상에 독립적으로 또는 혼용하여 적용하는 것도 가능하다.The electric field induction window 51 or the electric field distortion protrusion 53 has the effect of dividing into two domains by patterning the pattern horizontally, vertically, and diagonally in length, or in the shape of ×, +, ◇, and comb. In addition, the double-wire (FIG. 8C) shape and the X and + shape can be patterned at the same time to realize the effect of dividing into 4 domains and multi-domains, and can be applied independently or mixedly on both substrates.
추가하여, 본 발명의 멀티도메인 액정표시소자는 상기한 제1기판 및/또는 제2기판 전체에 걸쳐 배향막(도면에 나타내지 않음)을 형성한다. 이 때, 상기한 배향막을 구성하는 배향물질로서는 폴리아미드(polyamide) 또는 폴리이미드(polyimide)계 화합물, PVA(polyvinylalcohol), 폴리아믹산(polyamic acid) 또는 SiO2등의 물질을 사용하며, 러빙법을 사용하여 배향방향을 결정하는 경우, 그 밖의 러빙처리에 적합한 물질이라면 어떤 것이라도 적용 가능하다.In addition, the multi-domain liquid crystal display device of the present invention forms an alignment film (not shown) over the entirety of the first substrate and / or the second substrate. In this case, a material such as polyamide or polyimide compound, PVA (polyvinylalcohol), polyamic acid or SiO 2 may be used as the alignment material constituting the alignment layer. In the case of determining the orientation direction by use, any material suitable for other rubbing treatments can be applied.
또한, 상기한 배향막을 광반응성이 있는 물질, 즉, PVCN(polyvinylcinnamate), PSCN(polysiloxanecinnamate), 또는 CelCN(cellulosecinnamate)계 화합물 등의 물질로 구성하여 광배향막을 형성할 수 있으며, 그 밖의 광배향처리에 적합한 물질이라면 어떤 것이라도 적용 가능하다. 상기한 광배향막에는 광을 적어도 1회 조사하여, 액정분자의 방향자가 이루는 프리틸트각(pretilt angle) 및 배향방향(alignment direction) 또는 프리틸트방향(pretilt direction)을 동시에 결정하고, 그로 인한 액정의 배향 안정성을 확보한다. 이와 같은, 광배향에 사용되는 광은 자외선 영역의 광이 적합하며, 비편광, 선편광, 및 부분편광된 광 중에서 어떤 광을 사용하여도 무방하다.In addition, the alignment layer may be formed of a photoreactive material, that is, a material such as PVCN (polyvinylcinnamate), PSCN (polysiloxanecinnamate), or CelCN (cellulosecinnamate) -based compound to form a photoalignment film, and other optical alignment treatment Any material suitable for is applicable. The photoalignment film is irradiated with light at least once to determine the pretilt angle and alignment direction or pretilt direction of the liquid crystal molecules at the same time, and thereby Secure the orientation stability. As for the light used for the optical alignment, light in the ultraviolet region is suitable, and any light among non-polarized light, linearly polarized light, and partially polarized light may be used.
그리고, 상기한 러빙법 또는 광배향법은 제1기판 또는 제2기판 중 어느 한 기판에만 적용하거나 양 기판 모두에 처리하여도 되며, 양 기판에 서로 다른 배향처리를 하거나, 배향막만 형성하고 배향처리를 하지 않는 것도 가능하다.The rubbing method or the photo-alignment method may be applied to only one of the first substrates or the second substrates, or may be treated on both substrates, or may be subjected to different alignment treatments on both substrates, or only an alignment film is formed and the alignment treatment is performed. It is also possible not to.
또한, 상기한 배향처리를 함으로써 적어도 두 영역으로 분할된 멀티도메인 액정표시소자를 형성하여, 액정층의 액정분자가 각 영역 상에서 서로 상이하게 배향하도록 할 수 있다. 즉, 각 화소를 ＋자 또는 ×자와 같이 네 영역으로 분할하거나, 가로, 세로 또는 양 대각선으로 분할하고, 각 영역에서와 각 기판에서의 배향처리 또는 배향방향을 다르게 형성하므로써 멀티도메인 효과를 구현한다. 분할된 영역 중 적어도 한 영역을 비배향 영역으로 할 수 있으며, 전 영역을 비배향 영역으로 하는 것도 가능하다. 그리고, 상기한 a-Si 박막트랜지스터(TFT ; Thin Film Transistor) 외에 poly-Si TFT, 또는 MIM(metal-insulator-metal) 방식과 같은 다이오드 등의 어떠한 표시장치에도 적용할 수 있다.In addition, by performing the above-described alignment process, a multi-domain liquid crystal display device divided into at least two regions can be formed so that the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer can be differently aligned on each region. That is, the multi-domain effect is realized by dividing each pixel into four regions, such as + or × characters, or by dividing them into horizontal, vertical, or diagonal lines, and by forming different alignment processes or orientation directions in each region and each substrate. do. At least one of the divided regions may be a non-oriented region, and the entire region may be a non-oriented region. In addition to the a-Si thin film transistor (TFT) described above, the present invention can be applied to any display device such as a poly-Si TFT or a diode such as a metal-insulator-metal (MIM) method.
본 발명의 멀티도메인 액정표시소자는, 상판의 컬러필터층 또는 오버코트층 상에 전계왜곡돌기를 형성하고, 하판에 보조전극을 추가로 형성하거나 전계유도창을 형성하므로써, 멀티도메인 효과를 극대화하여 광시야각을 구현하는 효과가 있다.In the multi-domain liquid crystal display device of the present invention, the field distortion protrusions are formed on the color filter layer or the overcoat layer of the upper plate, and the auxiliary electrode is further formed on the lower plate or the field induction window is formed, thereby maximizing the multi-domain effect and wide viewing angle. Has the effect of implementing
또한, 배향처리를 하여 형성되는 프리틸트 및 앵커링 에너지에 의해 빠른 응답속도(response time) 및 안정한 액정구조를 얻을 수 있다.In addition, it is possible to obtain a fast response time and a stable liquid crystal structure by pretilt and anchoring energy formed by the alignment treatment.
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| JP2001142073A (en) * | 1999-11-05 | 2001-05-25 | Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv | Liquid crystal display device |
| KR100806900B1 (en) * | 2001-09-07 | 2008-02-22 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Liquid crystal display |
| KR100956335B1 (en) * | 2002-05-09 | 2010-05-06 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Liquid crystal display |
| KR100853778B1 (en) * | 2002-06-21 | 2008-08-25 | 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 | Multi domain Liquid Crystal Display Device |
| KR100880216B1 (en) * | 2002-06-28 | 2009-01-28 | 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 | Multi domain Liquid Crystal Display Device |
| KR100845714B1 (en) | 2003-12-30 | 2008-07-10 | 엘지디스플레이 주식회사 | Device and fabrication method for liquid crystal display of multi domain |
| US20050270462A1 (en) * | 2004-05-21 | 2005-12-08 | Norio Koma | Liquid crystal display device |
| CN100476554C (en) * | 2004-08-31 | 2009-04-08 | 卡西欧计算机株式会社 | Vertical alignment active matrix liquid crystal display device |
| CN101604087A (en) | 2004-09-30 | 2009-12-16 | 卡西欧计算机株式会社 | Vertical alignment active matrix liquid crystal display device |
| US8068200B2 (en) | 2004-12-24 | 2011-11-29 | Casio Computer Co., Ltd. | Vertical alignment liquid crystal display device in which a pixel electrode has slits which divide the pixel electrode into electrode portions |
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