KR100318164B1 - Disposal method of excretion for an institution - Google Patents
Disposal method of excretion for an institution Download PDFInfo
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- KR100318164B1 KR100318164B1 KR1019990015563A KR19990015563A KR100318164B1 KR 100318164 B1 KR100318164 B1 KR 100318164B1 KR 1019990015563 A KR1019990015563 A KR 1019990015563A KR 19990015563 A KR19990015563 A KR 19990015563A KR 100318164 B1 KR100318164 B1 KR 100318164B1
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- South Korea
- Prior art keywords
- manure
- tank
- stored
- fermentation
- fermentation tank
- Prior art date
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 230000029142 excretion Effects 0.000 title 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 241001148471 unidentified anaerobic bacterium Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001079 digestive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000010828 animal waste Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 6
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010053567 Coagulopathies Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035602 clotting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000010840 domestic wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010800 human waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012958 reprocessing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003900 soil pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003911 water pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
- C05F3/04—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure from human faecal masses
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
본 발명은 하수처리 시설이 마련되지 않은 지역에서 생활할 때 발생되는 인체의 배설물 및 축분 등을 환경에 친화적인 상태로 처리함과 아울러 연료 또는 비료로 활용할 수 있게 한 독립시설물의 분뇨 처리방법에 관한 것으로,The present invention relates to a method for treating manure of an independent facility that can be used as fuel or fertilizer while treating human excreta and animal waste generated when living in an area where no sewage treatment facility is provided. In that,
즉, 분뇨가 저장되는 탱크를 그 투입구로부터 유기물을 발효시켜 메탄가스를 생성하게 구성하되 저장탱크의 내부에 모터의 구동에 의해 간헐적으로 교반되면서 응고 또는 침전현상을 방지하는 교반장치를 설치하며, 상기 탱크의 내부에 미생물의 활성에 적합한 적정온도를 유지하는 가열장치와 pH 조정장치를 설치함에 따라, 고분자의 유기성물질을 효율적으로 저하시킴과 아울러 장기간 저장된 분뇨의 물성변화로 인한 기능저하를 방지하여 최적상태로 분뇨를 처리하게 된 것이다.That is, the tank to store the manure is configured to produce methane gas by fermenting organic matter from the inlet, while the intermittent stirring by the drive of the motor inside the storage tank to install a stirring device to prevent the phenomenon of coagulation or sedimentation, By installing a heating device and a pH adjusting device to maintain a proper temperature suitable for microbial activity inside the tank, the organic material of the polymer is effectively lowered and the function is prevented from being deteriorated due to the change of physical properties of the stored manure for a long time. Manure has been processed in a state.
Description
본 발명은 독립시설물의 분뇨 처리방법, 보다 상세하게는 하수처리 시설이 마련되지 않은 지역에서 생활할 때 발생되는 인체의 배설물 및 축분 등을 환경에 친화적인 상태로 처리함과 아울러 연료 또는 비료로 활용할 수 있게 한 독립시설물의 분뇨 처리방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention can be used as a fuel or fertilizer as well as the treatment of manure of independent facilities, more specifically, human waste and animal waste generated when living in an area where no sewage treatment facilities are provided. The present invention relates to a method of treating manure of an independent facility that enables to be made.
일반적으로, 밀집된 주거지역에서는 주거환경과 공공위생을 고려하여 일상 생활에서 필수적으로 파생되는 생활 하수를 처리하기 위한 제반 시설이 이미 마련되어 있으나, 밀집 주거지역으로부터 떨어진 농어촌 지역에서는 위생관련 시설을 자체적으로 해결하였다.Generally, in dense residential areas, there are already facilities for treating sewage, which is essential in daily life, considering residential environment and public hygiene, but in farming and fishing areas away from dense residential areas, sanitary-related facilities are solved by themselves. It was.
즉, 급수와 하수시설을 독자적으로 구축하여 생활 오폐수를 처리하였으므로 시설비용이 매우 과중한 반면, 오염물의 처리 효율이 떨어지게 되었음은 물론 미처리된 하수를 자연에 방출시킴으로써 2차 오염을 유발하는 결점이 있었다.In other words, since the sewage and sewage facilities were built independently to treat domestic wastewater, the cost of the facility was very heavy, while the treatment efficiency of pollutants was reduced, and there was a drawback of causing secondary pollution by releasing untreated sewage into nature.
특히, 땜이나 취수원에 인접된 지역 또는 급수와 하수설비가 불가능한 지역에서는 대부분이 재래식에 의존하여 분뇨와 축산폐기물을 처리함으로써 비위생적이고 처리방법이 불편하였음은 물론 심한 경우에는 수질을 오염시키게 되는 문제점이 있었다.In particular, in areas adjacent to soldering or intake sources, or in areas where water supply and sewage facilities are impossible, most of them rely on conventional methods to treat manure and livestock waste, which is unsanitary and inconvenient for treatment, and contaminates water quality in severe cases. there was.
한편, 재래식 분뇨처리방법으로 분뇨를 저장탱크에 잔류되게 한 상태에서 혐기성균의 활동에 의해 미생물이 소화작용을 일으키면서 오니를 발효 및 안정화시켜 메탄가스를 생산하게 된 기술이 공지되었다.On the other hand, a technique known to produce methane gas by fermenting and stabilizing sludge as a microorganism causes digestion by the activity of anaerobic bacteria in a state in which manure is left in a storage tank by a conventional manure treatment method.
그러나 상기 종래의 발효식 처리방법은 탱크내에 저장된 분뇨가 시간의 경과에 의해 슬러지 형태로 딱딱하게 응고 및 침전되므로 함수율이 높은 분뇨가 저장탱크에 투입될 때 교반이 제대로 이루어지지 않게 되었고, 이에 의해 분뇨농도가 변화되면서 미생물의 소화기능에 장애가 유발되는 문제점이 있었다.However, in the conventional fermentation treatment method, the manure stored in the tank solidifies and precipitates in the form of sludge over time, so that the agitation is not properly performed when the manure having a high moisture content is introduced into the storage tank, thereby making the manure As the concentration was changed, there was a problem that caused a disorder in digestion of microorganisms.
또한 상기와 같이 농도의 변화로 인하여 저장된 분뇨의 소화기능이 상실될 경우 분뇨의 저장기능도 상실되면서 포화상태가 초래되어 새로운 분뇨처리시설을 마련해야 되는 결점도 있었다.In addition, when the digestion function of the stored manure is lost due to the change in concentration as described above, there is a drawback that the storage function of the manure is also lost, resulting in a saturation state and a new manure treatment facility should be prepared.
본 발명은 위와 같은 종래의 문제점을 감안하여 안출한 것으로서, 그 목적은 분뇨를 저장탱크에 저장하여 처리할 때 미생물의 소화활동을 활성화시킬 수 있는 독립시설물의 분뇨 처리방법을 제공하는 것이다.The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and an object thereof is to provide a manure treatment method of an independent facility that can activate the digestion activity of microorganisms when the manure is stored and processed in a storage tank.
본 발명의 다른 목적은 탱크내에 저장된 분뇨의 응고 및 침전으로 인한 슬러지화를 방지하여 항상 균일한 농도를 유지할 수 있는 독립시설물의 분뇨 처리방법을 제공함에 있다.Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for treating manure of an independent facility which can maintain a uniform concentration at all times by preventing sludge formation due to coagulation and precipitation of manure stored in a tank.
이러한 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 고안은, 분뇨가 저장되는 탱크를 그 투입구로부터 유기물을 발효시켜 메탄가스를 생성하게 구성하되 저장탱크의 내부에 모터의 구동에 의해 간헐적으로 교반되면서 응고 또는 침전현상을 방지하는 교반장치를 설치하며, 상기 탱크의 내부에 미생물의 활성에 적합한 적정온도를 유지하는 가열장치와 pH 조정장치를 설치함에 따라, 고분자의 유기성물질을 효율적으로 저하시킴과 아울러 장기간 저장된 분뇨의 물성변화로 인한 기능저하를 방지하여 최적상태로 분뇨를 처리하게 됨을 특징으로 한다.The present invention for achieving this purpose, while the tank to store the manure is configured to ferment organic matter from the inlet to produce methane gas, while intermittently stirring by the drive of the motor inside the storage tank to prevent solidification or precipitation phenomenon By installing a stirring device to adjust the heating temperature and pH adjusting device to maintain the proper temperature suitable for the microorganism activity in the inside of the tank, it effectively lowers the organic material of the polymer and changes the physical properties of the stored manure for a long time It is characterized by treating the manure to the optimal state by preventing the functional degradation caused by.
도 1은 본 발명의 실시예의 분뇨처리를 위한 저장탱크의 전체구성도,1 is an overall configuration diagram of a storage tank for manure treatment of an embodiment of the present invention,
도 2는 본 발명의 분뇨 처리방법에 대한 플로우차트이다.2 is a flowchart of the manure treatment method of the present invention.
< 도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명 ><Description of Symbols for Major Parts of Drawings>
10 : 탱크본체 11 : 투입구10 tank body 11: inlet
20, 21 : 격벽 20', 21' : 개구부20, 21: bulkhead 20 ', 21': opening
30 : 산성발효조 31 : 산성저하조30: acid fermentation tank 31: acid lowering tank
32 : 알카리성발효조 40 : 경사면32: alkaline fermentation tank 40: inclined surface
50 : 교반기 51 : 모터50: stirrer 51: motor
60 : 가스분출관 61 : 밸브60 gas ejection pipe 61 valve
70 : 점검구70: check hole
이하, 본 발명의 독립시설물의 분뇨 처리방법을 첨부도면을 참조하여 설명하면 다음과 같다.Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings the manure treatment method of the independent facility of the present invention.
도 1은 본 발명의 실시예의 분뇨처리를 위한 저장탱크의 일예이고, 도 2는 본 발명의 분뇨 처리방법에 대한 플로우차트이다.1 is an example of a storage tank for manure treatment of an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 is a flow chart for the manure treatment method of the present invention.
분뇨 또는 축분 등이 저장되는 탱크본체(10)의 내부에 통성 혐기성균의 작용에 의해 단계별로 발효되게 그 투입구(11)로부터 내부공간을 구획하는 적어도 두개의 격벽(20)(21)이 소정 간격으로 형성되어 있고, 각 격벽의 하부측에는 통로기능을 하게 되는 개구부(20')(21')가 형성되어 있다.At least two partitions 20 and 21 partitioning the inner space from the inlet 11 so as to be fermented step by step by the action of aerobic anaerobic bacteria in the tank body 10 in which the manure or shaft powder are stored are predetermined intervals. Openings 20 'and 21' are formed on the lower side of each partition wall to function as a passage.
탱크본체(10)의 내부공간은 분뇨가 투입되는 투입구(11) 측으로부터 산성발효조(30)와 산성저하조(31) 및 알카리성발효조(32)로 구분되어 있되 각 조의 바닥에는 격벽(20)(21)의 개구부(20')(21')를 통해 발효단계별로 분뇨가 흘러내리도록 하향으로 기울어진 경사면(40)이 형성되어 있다.The inner space of the tank body 10 is divided into an acid fermentation tank 30, an acid lowering tank 31, and an alkaline fermentation tank 32 from the inlet 11 side into which the manure is introduced, but at the bottom of each tank partition 20 ( An inclined surface 40 is inclined downward so that the manure flows through each fermentation step through the openings 20 'and 21' of the 21.
상기 산성발효조(30)에는 분뇨의 주성분을 이루는 고분자의 유기물을 미생물의 소화활동에 의해 저분자의 유기물로 발효되게 하는 통성 혐기성균이 투입되어 있으며, 내부 일측에는 저장된 분뇨가 시간의 경과에 의해 응고 또는 침전되는 현상을 방지하게 모터(51)의 구동에 의해 간헐적으로 동작되는 교반기(50)가 설치되어 있다.The acidic fermentation tank 30 is fed with anaerobic bacteria which ferment the organic matter of the polymer constituting the manure into low molecular weight organic matter by the digestion activity of microorganisms, and the stored manure is solidified by the passage of time. The stirrer 50 which is intermittently operated by the drive of the motor 51 is provided in order to prevent the sedimentation phenomenon.
상기 산성저하조(31)는 일차적으로 발효되어 유입된 분뇨의 지방산을 더욱 분해시켜 농도를 묽게 하면서 메탄가스를 생성하게 되며, 산성저하조(31)의 상측에는 생성된 메탄가스가 일정압 이상일 때 실외로 배출되게 밸브(61)를 구비한 가스분출관(60)이 배관되어 있다.The acid lowering tank 31 is primarily fermented to further decompose the fatty acid of the introduced manure to produce methane gas while diluting the concentration, and when the generated methane gas is above a predetermined pressure above the acid lowering tank 31. The gas ejection pipe 60 provided with the valve 61 is piped so that it may be discharged outdoors.
이때, 기온이 낮은 동절기의 경우 미생물의 활동을 활성화시키기 위해 산성저하조(31) 또는 산성발효조(30)의 적어도 한곳에 가열기 또는 산성도(pH) 조정기 등을 설치하는 것이 바람직하다.At this time, in the case of a low temperature winter season, it is preferable to install a heater or an acidity (pH) adjuster or the like in at least one of the acid lowering tank 31 or the acidic fermentation tank 30 to activate the activity of the microorganisms.
산성저하조(31)의 경사하부측에 위치한 알카리성발효조(32)는 상기 발효과정을 통해 알카리성을 띤 액체 형태의 액비를 수용하게 되며, 그 상측에는 저장된 액비의 슬러지화를 감응하여 미생물의 소화활동에 최적의 조건을 유지하게 하는 점검구(70)가 설치되어 있다.The alkaline fermentation tank 32 located on the inclined lower side of the acid lowering tank 31 receives the liquid fertilizer in the form of an alkaline liquid through the fermentation process, and the digestion activity of the microorganisms is detected on the upper side by sensing the sludge of the stored liquid fertilizer. Is provided with a check hole 70 to maintain an optimum condition.
따라서, 상기와 같은 본 발명의 탱크본체(10)는 통상적인 바와 같이 지중에 설치되어 그 투입구(11)를 통해 인체 또는 가축으로부터 배설되는 분뇨와 축분 등이 투입되고, 투입된 분뇨는 일차적으로 산성발효조(30)에 저장된 상태에서 통성 혐기성균의 작용에 의해 단계별로 발효된다.Therefore, the tank body 10 of the present invention as described above is installed in the ground as usual, the manure and livestock excreted from the human body or livestock through the inlet 11 is injected, the manure is the acid fermentation tank primarily It is fermented step by step by the action of aerobic anaerobes in the state stored in (30).
즉, 산성발효조(30)에서 생존하는 통성 혐기성균의 미생물이 소화활동을 함에 따라 분뇨의 주성분을 이루는 고분자 유기물이 저분자 유기물로 발효된다.That is, as the microorganisms of the anaerobic bacteria that survive in the acidic fermentation tank 30 are digested, the high molecular weight organic matter, which constitutes the main component of the manure, is fermented.
상기 발효과정에서 산성발효조(30)에 분뇨가 저장된 상태에서 시간이 경과될 경우 그 일측에 설치된 모터(51)의 구동에 의해 교반기(50)를 동작시켜 분뇨가 응고 또는 침전되는 현상을 방지하게 되어 분뇨의 투입시차로 인한 변화를 방지하고 교반효율을 높이게 되어 미생물의 활동에 최적조건을 제공하게 된다.In the fermentation process, when the manure is stored in the acidic fermentation tank 30, when time elapses, the stirrer 50 is operated by driving the motor 51 installed at one side to prevent the manure from clotting or sedimentation. Preventing changes due to manure disparity and increasing agitation efficiency provides optimum conditions for the activity of microorganisms.
그러므로 일차적인 발효과정을 거친 분뇨는 그 농도가 묽게된 상태로 격벽(20)의 개구부(20')를 통해 하향상태로 경사진 경사면(40)을 따라 인접된 산성저하조(31)로 보내지게 되고, 이 산성저하조(31)에서 분뇨의 지방산을 더욱 분해시켜 메탄가스를 생성하게 된다.Therefore, the manure that has undergone the primary fermentation process is to be sent to the adjacent acid lowering tank 31 along the inclined surface 40 inclined downwardly through the opening 20 'of the partition wall 20 in a diluted state. The acid lowering tank 31 further decomposes fatty acids of manure to produce methane gas.
산성저하조(31)에서 생성된 메탄가스는 그 공간 및 인접된 공간들에 영향을 미치면서 상호간에 균형을 유지하도록 적정 압력을 가하게 되며, 만약 생성된 메탄가스압력이 설정된 압력기준치에 비해 높게될 경우에는 압력을 감지하는 센서(도시하지 않음)의 작용에 의해 밸브(61)를 개방시켜 가스분출관(60)을 통해 실외로 메탄가스를 배출시키게 된다.The methane gas generated in the acid lowering tank 31 is applied with an appropriate pressure to balance each other while affecting the space and adjacent spaces, and if the generated methane gas pressure is higher than the set pressure reference value, In this case, the valve 61 is opened by the action of a pressure sensor (not shown) to discharge methane gas to the outside through the gas ejection pipe 60.
이때 상기 메탄가스는 가압작용에 의해 연료로 사용이 가능하게 되어 자원을 재활용할 수 있는 효과가 있다.At this time, the methane gas can be used as a fuel by the pressure action has the effect of recycling the resources.
한편, 산성저하조(31)의 경사하부측에 위치한 알카리성발효조(32)는 상기 발효과정을 통해 알카리성을 띤 액체 형태로 변화된 소위 액비를 수용하게 되며, 그 상측에 설치된 점검구를 통해 저장된 액비의 슬러지화를 감응하여 미생물의 소화활동에 최적의 조건을 유지하게 한다.On the other hand, the alkaline fermentation tank 32 located on the inclined lower side of the acid lowering tank 31 accommodates the so-called liquid fertilizer changed into an alkaline liquid form through the fermentation process, the sludge of the liquid fertilizer stored through the inspection port installed on the upper side Respond to anger to maintain optimal conditions for the digestive activity of microorganisms.
이와 같은 본 발명의 독립시설물의 분뇨 처리방법은 사람이 생활하는 과정에필수적으로 발생되는 분뇨 또는 각종 유기물을 간단한 구조와 설비를 이용하여 보다 청결하고 간편하게 처리함으로써 수질 및 토양오염 등으로 인한 환경오염의 원인을 방지할 수 있는 효과가 있다.Such a manure treatment method of the independent facility of the present invention is to clean the environment of manure or various organic matter which is indispensable in the course of human life using simple structure and equipment more clean and simple, thereby preventing environmental pollution due to water and soil pollution. There is an effect that can prevent the cause.
또한 분뇨처리과정에서 발생되는 부산물중 메탄가스를 연료로서 재사용하여 연료비 부담을 줄이는 한편, 액체 형태로 생성되는 알카리성의 액비는 농작물의 비료로 사용하게 됨으로써 별도의 재처리로 인한 불편과 경제적인 부담을 저감시킬 수 있는 장점도 있다.In addition, the fuel cost burden is reduced by reusing methane gas as a fuel in the by-products generated during the treatment of manure, while the alkaline liquid fertilizer produced in liquid form is used as fertilizer for crops, thereby reducing the inconvenience and economic burden of separate reprocessing. There is also an advantage that can be reduced.
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