KR100314309B1 - Vibration control apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

1. TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION

Vibration Control Device

2. Technical problem to be solved by the invention

It is possible to switch between passive and active, and to adjust the natural vibration of the vibration damping device efficiently in a small place.

3. Summary of Solution to Invention

The intermediate frame 8 installed above the base frame 4 and displaced in one direction, and the additional mass mounted above the intermediate frame 8 and displaced in a direction orthogonal to the displacement direction of the intermediate frame 8. Vibrates the frame 12, the plurality of X springs 17 whose one end is locked to the base frame 4 and the other end is locked to the intermediate frame 8, and the intermediate frame 8 in one direction The X driving mechanism for applying the load, a plurality of Y springs at which one end is interlocked with the intermediate frame 8 and the other end is engaged with the additional mass attachment frame 12, and the additional mass attachment frame 12 is an intermediate frame. The Y drive mechanism which applies a vibration to the direction orthogonal to the displacement direction of (8) is provided.

4. Important uses of the invention

It is installed in structures such as high-rise buildings, bridges, and steel towers, and is used to reduce the shaking of structures generated from disturbance caused by earthquake vibration and strong wind.

Description

Vibration Control Equipment {VIBRATION CONTROL APPARATUS}

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a vibration isolator for installing on structures such as high-rise buildings, bridges, steel towers, and the like to reduce shaking of structures generated from disturbances caused by earthquake vibrations and strong winds.

When the conventional vibration suppression apparatus is largely divided into two types, a passive vibration suppression apparatus and an active vibration suppression apparatus are classified. To briefly describe each feature,

1) Passive vibration damper

This type is designed to reduce vibrations by attaching a passive damping element to the structure and absorbing the vibration energy of the structure, as represented by a conventional vibration reducer.

2) Active vibration damper

This form supplies vibration damping energy to the structure from the outside and actively reduces the vibration of the structure.

However, these conventional vibration dampers have the following problems, respectively.

Regarding the passive vibration damper,

a. Since there is friction in the supporting portion of the added mass, the added mass does not vibrate against a small disturbance, and the damping effect is not obtained.

As for the active vibration damper,

a. In the case of a large disturbance, when the vibration is prevented with only the active vibration isolator, the drive system becomes quite large, which is not suitable for space saving.

b. There are things that do not work during a power outage.

In addition, it is necessary to adjust the spring constant between the spring in the X direction and the spring in the Y direction orthogonal to the vibration of the vibration damper itself. It was.

The present invention, in order to solve this conventional problem and to compensate for the disadvantages of the passive vibration suppression device and the active vibration suppression device, enables the switching between the passive and the active vibration according to the strength and weakness of the vibration, and adjusts the natural vibration of the vibration suppression device. An object of the present invention is to provide a vibration isolator that efficiently performs work in a small place.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a front view which looked at the example of embodiment of this invention from the I direction of FIG.

2 is a plan view of an example of an embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a side view seen from the direction III of FIG. 2.

4 is a IV-IV horizontal cross-sectional view of FIG.

5 is a V-V horizontal sectional view of FIG.

6 is a block diagram showing the outline of the present invention.

It is a side view which shows an example of embodiment of the adjustment mechanism of a Y spring.

8 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a connection portion between the Y spring and the adjustment wire.

It is a front view which shows an example of embodiment of the adjustment mechanism of a X spring.

<Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

1: floor 2, 5: dustproof rubber

3: reaction force prop 4: base frame

6: X rail 7, 11: shock absorber

8: middle frame 9: X bearing

10: Y rail 12: frame with additional mass

13: Y bearing 14: Additional mass

15, 16: X spring fixing bracket 17: X spring

18: attenuation mechanism 19, 27: servo motor

20: X drive mechanism 21: clutch

22, 30: bearing 23, 24: Y spring fixing bracket

25: Y spring 26: damping mechanism

28: Y drive mechanism 31, 47: temporary fixing bracket

32, 33: pulley 34: wire support bracket

35: Y spring adjustment wire 36: chain block

37: threaded block 38: threaded cup

39: set screw 40: hole

41: washer 42, 45: male thread

43: fixing nut 44: tension socket

46: female thread hole 48: door-shaped post

49: pulley 50: chain block

51: X spring adjustment wire A: Actuator

B: Structure G: Ground

R: Passive and active switching control mechanism R1: Sensor amplifier

R2: Integrator R3: Integrator

R4: A / D Converter R5: Controller

R6: D / A Converter R7: Servo Amplifier

R8: power supply T1, T2: sensor

The invention of the first embodiment of the present invention includes a base frame elastically supported on a structure to be damped, an intermediate frame provided above the base frame and displaced in one direction with respect to the base frame, and above the intermediate frame. An additional mass attachment frame provided and displaced in a direction orthogonal to the displacement direction of the intermediate frame, an additional mass fixed to the additional mass attachment frame, and one end mounted in parallel with the displacement direction of the intermediate frame, A plurality of X springs which are stopable and whose other end is stopped by the intermediate frame, an attenuation mechanism provided between the base frame and the intermediate frame, an X drive mechanism which vibrates the intermediate frame in one direction, and the addition It is installed parallel to the displacement direction of the mass attachment frame and one end hangs on the intermediate frame. Y springs capable of being connected to the additional mass attachment frame at different ends, the damping mechanism provided between the intermediate frame and the additional mass attachment frame, and the additional mass attachment frame in a direction orthogonal to the displacement direction of the intermediate frame. The vibration suppression apparatus is provided with the Y drive mechanism which applies a vibration, and it becomes possible to absorb the vibration energy with respect to the small vibration and big vibration with respect to a structure.

In the vibration suppression apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention, in the vibration suppression apparatus according to the first embodiment, when the displacement amount of the frame with additional mass is equal to or larger than a set value, between the X drive mechanism and the intermediate frame, and the Y drive mechanism and the intermediate frame. It is characterized in that it is provided with a passive and active switching control mechanism which cuts and drops the space between, and small vibration to a structure actively vibrates an additional mass, and large vibration makes an additional mass a passive movement, and large and small vibration Can be efficiently absorbed.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the vibration damping apparatus according to the first embodiment, one end is stopped at one end of the X spring, and is pulled upward through a pulley attached to the base frame. X spring adjustment wire, the other end of which is locked to the chain block at the top of the attachment mass frame, one end of which is engaged to one end of the Y spring, drawn upwards via a pulley attached to the intermediate frame, and the other It is characterized in that the end is provided with a Y spring adjustment wire, which is suspended on the chain block at the top of the additional mass attachment frame, so that the natural frequency of the structure can be adjusted in a narrow installation place.

Embodiment of the Invention

EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Hereinafter, embodiment of this invention is described based on drawing.

Fig. 6 is a block diagram showing an outline of the present invention, in which a structure B to be damped on the ground G is provided, and on the structure B, a moving mechanism for linearly moving the added mass M ( L) is provided, and between the structure B and the additional mass M, the spring S for absorbing the vibration energy of the earthquake by making the structure B and the additional mass M mutually known. The damping devices D are arranged in parallel.

In addition, an actuator A having a servo mechanism is provided in the structure B, and a drive mechanism E is attached to the additional mass M, and a clutch is provided between the actuator A and the drive mechanism E. FIG. (C) is present in between. And the vibration damping apparatus of this invention functions as an active vibration damping apparatus in the state in which the clutch C couple | couples the actuator A and the drive mechanism E, and the clutch C actuates the actuator A and the drive mechanism ( In the state in which E) is uncoupled, it functions as a passive vibration damper.

Moreover, in order to control the actuator A, the passive and active switching control mechanism R is provided. This passive and active switching control mechanism R is an electrical signal from the sensor T1 for detecting the acceleration of the structure B and an electrical signal from the sensor T2 for detecting the speed and displacement of the additional mass M. Consisting of a computer that processes signals from the sensor amplifier (R1), differential (R2), integrator (R3), A / D converter (R4) for converting analog signals into digital signals, and A / D converter (R4). The actuator A is operated by the D / A converter R6 for converting the digital signal from the control device R5, the control device R5 into an analog signal, and the analog signal from the D / A converter 6. By turning on and off the clutch power supply R8 for operating the servo amplifier R7 and the clutch C, the passive and active are switched. In the actual apparatus, each of the above-described mechanisms, sensors T1, T2, and passive and active switching control mechanisms R, which are independent of each other in the left and right directions shown in FIG. ) Is installed.

Next, a specific embodiment of the vibration suppression apparatus according to the present invention will be described.

1 is a front view of an example of an embodiment of the present invention as seen from the direction I of FIG. 2, FIG. 2 is a plan view of an example of an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 3 is a side view seen from the direction III of FIG. 2, FIG. IV-IV horizontal sectional drawing of FIG. 1, FIG. 5 is a VV horizontal sectional drawing of FIG. The base frame 4 is fixedly attached on the rubber and the reaction force prop 3, and as shown in FIG. 4, the anti-vibration anti-vibration 5 is formed in the reaction force transmission column 3. It is fitted. These longitudinal anti-vibration rubbers 2 and the lateral anti-vibration rubbers 5 are provided for the purpose of preventing the vibration generated from the actuator A (see FIG. 6) from being transmitted to the floor 1.

The X rail 6 is fixedly attached to the upper surface of the base frame 4 in the left and right directions of FIGS. 1 and 4, and shock absorbers 7 such as oil bumpers are attached to both ends of the X rail 6. have. And above the base frame 4, the intermediate frame 8 is arrange | positioned with the space | interval necessary for installing the passive and active switching control mechanism R of FIG. 6, and on the lower surface of the intermediate frame 8, A plurality of X bearings 9 (see FIGS. 1 and 4) extending downward are fixedly attached, and the lower end of the X bearing 9 is along the X rail 6 in the left and right directions in FIGS. 1 and 4. It is made to be movable.

The Y rail 10 (refer FIG. 3, FIG. 5) is fixedly attached to the upper surface of the intermediate frame 8 in the direction orthogonal to the above-mentioned X rail 6, At both ends of the Y rail 10, A shock absorber 11 such as an oil bumper is attached. And above the intermediate frame 8, the additional mass attachment frame 12 is arrange | positioned at intervals necessary for providing the passive and active switching control mechanism R, as shown to FIG. 1, FIG. On the lower surface of the mass attachment frame 12, a plurality of Y bearings 13 extending downwards are fixedly attached, and the lower ends of the Y bearings 13 are Y rails 10 (see FIGS. 3 and 5). It is movable along. On the upper surface of the additional mass attachment frame 12, the additional mass 14 shown in Figs. 1 and 3 is fixed by an attaching bolt (not shown), and the number of the additional mass 14 to be fixed is appropriately increased and decreased. It is possible to change.

1 and 4, the X spring fixing bracket 15 is fixedly attached to the upper surface of the base frame 4, and the X spring fixing bracket 16 is fixedly attached to the lower surface of the intermediate frame 8. A plurality of X springs 17 are provided in a state where a plurality of X springs 17 are pulled in parallel with the X rail 6 between the X spring fixing brackets 15 and 16.

In addition, between the base frame 4 and the intermediate frame 8, a damping mechanism 18 such as an oil damper is arranged in parallel with the X rail 6, as shown in FIG. The right end in FIG. 4 is fixed to the upper surface of the base frame 4, and the left end in FIG. 4 of the damping mechanism 18 is fixed to the lower surface of the intermediate frame 8. The upper surface of the base frame 4 is provided with a servo motor 19 corresponding to the actuator A of FIG. 6 and an X drive mechanism 20 such as a screw corresponding to the drive mechanism E. The servo motor 19 and the X drive mechanism 20 are engaged by the clutch 21, or the engagement is released. The bearing 22 such as a ball screw fixed to the lower surface of the intermediate frame 8 is engaged with the X drive mechanism 20 such as a screw.

3 and 5, the Y spring fixing bracket 23 is fixedly attached to the upper surface of the intermediate frame 8, and the Y spring fixing bracket 24 is also attached to the lower surface of the additional mass attachment frame 12. A plurality of Y springs 25 are formed in a state of being pulled in parallel with the Y rails 10 between the Y spring fixing brackets 23 and 24.

In addition, between the intermediate frame 8 and the frame with an additional mass 12, a damping mechanism 26 such as an oil damper is disposed in parallel with the Y rail 10, as shown in FIG. The lower end in Fig. 5 is fixed to the intermediate frame 8, and the upper end in Fig. 5 of the damping mechanism 26 is fixed to the additional mass attachment frame 12. In addition, the upper surface of the intermediate frame 8 is provided with a servo motor 27 corresponding to the actuator A of FIG. 6 and a Y drive mechanism 28 such as a screw corresponding to the drive mechanism E. The 27 and the Y drive mechanism 28 are engaged by the clutch 29, or the engagement is released. A bearing 30 such as a ball screw fixed to the lower surface of the additional mass attachment frame 12 is engaged with the Y drive mechanism 28.

The natural frequency of the structure in which the vibration isolator is installed corresponds to a pre-calculated value, and the number or the respective tensions of the X spring 17 and the Y spring 25 are determined, but there is an error between the natural frequency and the actual design value. Occurs. In order to eliminate this error, in the vibration damping apparatus of the present invention, it is possible to provide an efficient vibration damping action by providing an adjusting mechanism for changing the effective number of X springs 17 and Y springs 25.

Fig. 7 is a side view showing an example of an embodiment of the adjustment mechanism of the Y spring 25, in which the intermediate frame 8 and the additional mass attachment frame 12 are temporarily fixed when the effective number of operations of the Y spring 25 is changed. Temporarily fixed with a bracket 31, the pulley 32 is attached to the back of the Y spring fixing bracket 23, and the pulley 33 and the wire support bracket 34 are temporarily fixed to the upper surface of the additional mass (14). Prepare the same number of Y spring adjustment wires 35 as the number of Y springs 25 to change the effective operation, and one end of the Y spring adjustment wire 35 tries to change the effective operation as described below. Connected to the outer end of the Y spring 25, the Y spring adjustment wire 35 is pulled upward via the pulley 32, and again via the pulley 33, so that the Y spring adjustment wire 35 The other end is chain block 35 for winding on top of additional mass 14 Connect.

8 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a connecting portion of the Y spring 25 and the Y spring adjustment wire 35, the outer end of the Y spring 25 is screwed block 37 is screwed on the inside, Y spring At the outside of the outer end of the (25) the threaded cup 38 is fitted out, so that the outer end of the Y spring 25 is fitted by the threaded block 37 and the threaded cup 38, have. At the center of the spring fitting block 37 and the threaded cup 38, it is possible to penetrate the set screw 39. Usually, the front end of the set screw 39 is drilled through the Y spring fixing bracket 23. Insert the washer 41 into the front end of the fixing screw 39 from the rear surface of the Y spring fixing bracket 23 by inserting it into the hole 40 provided, and the outer circumference of the front end of the fixing screw 39 The fixing nut 43 is screwed onto the male screw 42, which is formed by shaving, and the Y spring 25 is provided through the fixing nut 43, the fixing screw 39, the screw fitting block 37, and the threaded cup 38. ) To the Y spring fixing bracket 23, and the Y spring 25 is pulled between the Y spring fixing bracket 24 (see FIG. 7) and the Y spring fixing bracket 24 Is maintained and effective operation.

In order not to operate a part of the Y spring 25, as shown in FIG. 8, as shown in FIG. 8, the male screw cut | disconnected and formed in the outer periphery of the tension socket 44 fastened to one end of the Y spring adjustment wire 35 ( 45 is screwed into the female screw hole 46 formed by shaping the center of the front end of the fixing screw 39, and then the fixing nut 43 is removed from the male screw 42 of the fixing screw 39, When operating the chain block 36 to slow the Y spring adjustment wire 35, the outer end is pulled out of the Y spring fixing bracket 23, as in the upper Y spring 25 in FIG. Becomes in a state of not operating effectively. After making it into this state, the temporary fixing bracket 31, the pulleys 32, 33, the wire support bracket 34, and the chain block 36 are removed.

FIG. 9 is a front view showing an example of an embodiment of the adjustment mechanism of the X spring 17. When changing the number of effective operations of the X spring, the intermediate frame 8 and the base frame 4 are replaced by the temporary fixing bracket 47. As shown in FIG. Temporary fixation, temporary installation of the door-shaped posts 48 vertically on the base frame 4, the pulley 49 is attached to the back of the X spring fixing bracket 15, the upper part of the door-shaped posts 48 Attach the chain block 50 for winding.

Outer end view of the X spring 17, X spring fixed through the threaded block 37, the threaded cup 38, the set screw 39, the wire 41, the fixing nut 43 described in FIG. It is fixed to the bracket 15, and the same number of X spring fixing wires 51 as the number of X springs 17 to be deactivated are provided, and one end thereof is outside the X springs 17 to be deactivated. Connect to the end of the page. Then, the X spring adjustment wire 51 is pulled upward through the pulley 49, and the other end of the X spring adjustment wire 51 is connected to the chain block 50 attached to the upper portion of the door post 48. do.

Next, when the outer end of the X spring 17 which is to be disabled from operation is removed from the X spring fixing bracket 15, and the chain block 50 is operated to loosen the X spring adjusting wire 51, the bottom of FIG. As in the lower X spring 17, the outer end is pulled out of the X spring fixing bracket 15, and this X spring 17 is in a state in which it does not operate effectively. After making it into this state, the temporary fixing bracket 47, the pulley 49, the chain block 50, and the door post 48 are taken out.

Next, the operation of the above-described apparatus will be described.

The passive and active switching control mechanism R shown in FIG. 6 divides the disturbances such as the earthquake and the like received by the structure B into three levels and operates to cope with them.

That is, when small disturbances such as shaking of the structure B due to strong winds, relatively small earthquake, etc. are applied to the structure B, the sensor T1 fixed to the structure B and the additional mass M 14 are applied. From the fixed sensor T2, electric signals corresponding to acceleration, speed and displacement are input to the passive and active telephone control mechanism R.

A small disturbance value is set in advance in the passive / active switching control mechanism R, and the input electrical signal is compared with the small disturbance value in advance. When the electrical signal becomes larger than the small disturbance value, the passive / active switching control mechanism R ) Sends an operation signal to the clutches C (21, 29), and connects the actuator A [servo motors 19, 27] and the drive mechanism E [X drive mechanism 20, Y drive mechanism 28], and simultaneously The operation signal is sent to the actuator A (servo motors 19 and 27) so that the additional mass M 14 is in the proper moving direction and moving speed.

At this time, the additional mass 14 vibrates in the natural vibration period of the drive system including the additional mass 14, the X spring 17, and the Y spring 25, but the passive and active switching control mechanism R is a sensor ( By feeding back the electric signals from T1) and T2 and controlling the operation of the drive mechanisms E (X drive mechanism 20, Y drive mechanism 28), an effective vibration damping action is obtained.

When a large disturbance is applied to the structure B, the large disturbance value preset in the passive / active switching control mechanism R and the electrical signals from the sensors T1 and T2 are compared and judged. When the disturbance is higher than the disturbance value, the passive / active switching control mechanism R sends an operation signal to the clutches C and 21 and the actuator A [servo motors 19 and 27] and the drive mechanism E [X drive mechanism 20]. , Y drive mechanism 28] is separated. As a result, the vacuum system composed of the additional mass 14, the X spring 17, the Y spring 25, and the damping mechanisms 18 and 26 passively absorbs large disturbance vibration energy.

When a larger disturbance is applied to the structure B, the additional mass 14 gradually shakes with a large amplitude, and X is respectively applied to the buffers 7 and 11 fixed to the base frame 4 and the intermediate frame 8. The bearing 9 and the Y bearing 13 collide with each other and vibration is reduced.

In the case of adjusting the number of effective operations of the X spring 17 and the Y spring 25 to adjust the natural oscillation period of the vibrometer, the Y spring adjustment wire 35, X from the upper side by the chain blocks 36 and 50. Since the spring adjustment wire 51 can be pulled and slowed while adjusting, the adjustment operation of the natural vibration cycle can be easily performed even when there is no space around the installation place of the vibration suppression device.

The invention of the first embodiment of the present invention has the effect that both of the small vibration and the large vibration with respect to the structure can absorb the vibration energy very effectively.

According to the invention of the second embodiment of the present invention, the small vibration of the structure actively vibrates the additional mass, and the large vibration makes the additional mass a passive movement, which has the effect of efficiently absorbing large and small vibrations. .

The invention of the third embodiment of the present invention has the effect of easily adjusting the natural frequency of the structure even in a narrow installation place.

Claims (3)

A base frame elastically supported on the structure to be damped, An intermediate frame installed above the base frame and displaced in one direction with respect to the base frame, An additional mass attachment frame provided above the intermediate frame and displaced in a direction orthogonal to the displacement direction of the intermediate frame; An additional mass fixed to the frame with the additional mass, A plurality of X springs installed in parallel with the direction of displacement of the intermediate frame, the one end of which is stopable on the base frame and the other end of which is stopped on the intermediate frame; A damping mechanism provided between the base frame and the intermediate frame, An X drive mechanism for applying vibration to the intermediate frame in one direction; A plurality of Y springs installed in parallel with the displacement direction of the additional mass attachment frame, the one end of which is interlockable with the intermediate frame and the other end of which is engaged with the additional mass attachment frame; A damping mechanism provided between the intermediate frame and the additional mass attachment frame; And a Y drive mechanism for applying said additional mass attachment frame to vibration in a direction orthogonal to the displacement direction of said intermediate frame. The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a passive and active switching control mechanism for separating the X drive mechanism and the intermediate frame and the Y drive mechanism and the intermediate frame when the displacement amount of the frame with additional mass is equal to or larger than a set value. Damping device. 2. The X according to claim 1, wherein one end is engaged at one end of the X spring, withdrawn upwards via a pulley attached to the base frame, and the other end is engaged with the chain block at the top of the additional mass attachment frame. With spring adjustment wire, With Y-spring adjustment wires, one end of which is engaged at one end of the Y spring, withdrawn upwards via a pulley attached to the intermediate frame, and the other end is engaged with the chain block at the top of the additional mass attachment frame. Vibration damper, characterized in that.