KR100288973B1 - Selective location/paging area registraion method and stepwise paging method in mobile communication systems - Google Patents

Abstract

1. TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a selective location registration method and a selective multi-stage paging method using the same.

2. The technical problem to be solved by the invention

The present invention provides a selective location registration method for selectively registering a location by dividing a location registration area of one exchange into a plurality of paging areas or a plurality of small location registration areas, and a paging method or a paging area by dividing a location registration area using the same. Its purpose is to provide an optional paging method for selectively performing a multi-level paging method by division.

3. Summary of Solution to Invention

The present invention comprises a first step of dividing a location registration area of one exchange into a plurality of small areas; And a second step of selectively registering the divided plurality of small areas as a plurality of paging areas or a plurality of small location registration areas according to characteristics of a user terminal.

4. Important uses of the invention

The present invention is used in a wireless communication system and the like.

Description

Selective location registration method in wireless communication system and selective multi-level paging method using the same {SELECTIVE LOCATION / PAGING AREA REGISTRAION METHOD AND STEPWISE PAGING METHOD IN MOBILE COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS}

The present invention provides a selective location registration method for selectively registering a location by dividing a location registration area of one exchange into a plurality of paging areas or a plurality of small location registration areas in a wireless communication system, and paging by location registration area division using the same. The present invention relates to an optional paging method for selectively performing a multi-stage paging method by a method or paging area classification.

1 is a view illustrating an incoming call setup procedure of a general mobile communication system.

When an incoming call occurs in a mobile communication system, call setup with a user proceeds through the following process. When there is an incoming call from the caller 101 (102), the system of the calling party network 103 sends (104) a call setup request to the called party's home exchange 105 to which it is connected. When the user requests the location information by sending the information to the registered home location register (HLR) 107 (106), the home location register 107 is sent to the visitor location register (VLR) 109 where the called party is currently registered. Request route information for call setup (108).

Then, the called party visitor location register 109 confirms that the called party is registered and requests the route information from the called party visited exchange 111 (110) to obtain information about the route (112). It is sent back to the home location register 107 (113). When the home location register 107 sends the route information received from the visitor location register 109 and its own location information to the called party home exchanger 105, the called party home exchanger 105 transmits the calling party network 103. In step 115, location information and route information are sent.

Then, the originating network 103 establishes a route to the called party visited exchange 111 using the received location information and route information (116). The destination visitor switch 111 sends a paging message to the base station 118 in the location registration area where the user is registered to establish a call (117). Each base station 118 in the current location registration area transmits a paging message for finding a user (119), and the receiving terminal 120 receiving the transmitted message transmits a response to paging (121).

The base station 118 receiving the response message notifies the called party exchange 111 that the response has been received (122). The destination visitor exchange 111 searches for a response message from each base station 118 to determine which base station the user is currently in, and sets up a call path to the identified base station. After this process is completed, a call is established between the caller 101 and the called party 120 (123).

On the other hand, in the system, each user receives information about his or her location from the first time the user supplies power to the terminal until the power is cut off, the visitor location register (VLR), which is the database inside the exchange, and the home location, which is the user information processing device Register with the Registry (HLR). When the user supplies power, the process of registering his location is as shown in FIG. 2.

2 is an example of a user location registration procedure by a general power supply.

When the user supplies power to the terminal 201, the terminal 201 automatically sends a location registration request message to the visitor location register 203 of the exchange (202). When the visitor location register 203 of the exchange receives the location registration request message, the user's location is registered using this information, and the information is sent back to the home location register 205 to request location registration (204). After registering the location of the user, the home location register 205 sends a message to the terminal 201 through the visitor location register 203 (206, 207).

In this case, the information registered in the visitor location register 203 is information on a location registration area to which the user currently belongs, and the information registered in the home location register 205 is an exchange to which the current user belongs, that is, the visitor location register 203. Information).

If the user moves away from the current location registration area, the current registered location must be updated. At this time, the location update is classified into two types depending on whether the update is performed in one exchange area or an update to another exchange area. 3, which will be described later, shows the location update process in one exchange area and the location update process of two exchange periods.

3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a location update procedure by detecting a general user's location change.

The terminal 301 compares the location registration area information transmitted from each base station with the information recorded in its register and detects that its location has changed when the two informations are different (305). The terminal 301 transmits the location change request message to the exchange 302 through the location update request message 306, and the exchange 302 indicates that the user requesting the location update is already present to the visitor location register 302. It is checked whether the user is a registered user, that is, whether the changed location is in the exchange area (307).

If the user is already registered, after updating only the location in the visitor location register 302 (308), a confirmation message indicating that the location update is completed is sent to the user terminal 301 (309). This change of position is an update of position within one exchange area.

If the user is not a registered user, the exchange 302 sends this location update request information to the home location register 303 to update the location of the home location register 303 (310). After updating the location, the home location register 303 sends a message to the visitor location register 304 of the previously registered exchange to delete the user's location information, and the visitor location register 304 of the previous exchange receives the message. The location information of the user is deleted (311). At the same time, the home location register 303 sends a message indicating that the location has been registered to the visitor location register 302 of the new exchange, and the visitor location register 302 receiving the message registers a new user (312). The exchange 302 sends a message indicating that the registration is completed to the user terminal 301, thereby completing all the location registration procedures. This position change is the position update of the two exchange periods.

The existing location registration method and the paging method as described above have a problem in that the system is overloaded due to location update signal traffic generated every time the location registration area leaves the location registration area.

In other words, when the number of subscribers of a wireless communication system such as a mobile communication system and a personal mobile communication system increases in the future, the cell is gradually changed into a microcell, which is a cell of a smaller size. If the registration area is designed, it is obvious that a problem that a lot of position update signals occur.

In addition, in order to prevent the problem of generating a lot of location update signals as described above, if the number of cells in the location registration area is increased, there is a problem in that a lot of paging signal traffic is generated accordingly, thereby increasing the cost of paging.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a selective location registration method for selectively registering a location by dividing a location registration area of one switch into a plurality of paging areas or a plurality of small location registration areas in a wireless communication system, and It is an object of the present invention to provide a selective paging method for selectively performing a paging method based on location registration area division or a multi-level paging method based on paging area division.

1 is an exemplary view illustrating an incoming call setup procedure of a general mobile communication system.

Figure 2 is an example of a user location registration procedure by a general power supply.

3 is an exemplary view illustrating a location update procedure by detecting a general user's location change.

4 is an exemplary view illustrating a method of applying a paging area classification method of the present invention to a location registration area classification method.

5 is a flowchart illustrating an exemplary location registration procedure by changing a location of a user terminal according to the present invention;

6A is an embodiment structural diagram of an information element recorded in a register of a user terminal for applying a selective paging method according to the present invention;

6B is an embodiment structural diagram of an information element recorded in a visitor location register (VLR) for applying a selective paging method according to the present invention;

7 is an exemplary view illustrating a paging area update procedure inside an exchange according to a change in a paging area of a user terminal according to the present invention.

8 is an exemplary view of a selective paging procedure performed in the destination exchange according to the present invention.

* Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings

800: incoming visitor location register 801: incoming exchange

802: base station 803: called party terminal

In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a selective location registration method, comprising: a first step of dividing a location registration area of one exchange into a plurality of small areas; And a second step of selectively registering the divided plurality of small areas as a plurality of paging areas or a plurality of small location registration areas according to characteristics of a user terminal.

In addition, in the selective location registration method of the present invention, when a location registration signal is generated, the exchange determines the characteristics of the user terminal again, and according to the determination result, the plurality of divided small areas are divided into a plurality of paging areas or a plurality. And a third step of selectively updating to a small location registration area of the.

On the other hand, the selective paging method of the present invention, a selective paging method applied to a wireless communication system, comprising: a first step of dividing a location registration area of one switch into a plurality of small areas; A second step of selectively registering the divided plurality of small areas as a plurality of paging areas or a plurality of small location registration areas according to characteristics of a user terminal; When the location registration signal is generated, the exchange determines the characteristics of the user terminal again and selectively updates the divided plurality of small areas to a plurality of paging areas or a plurality of small location registration areas according to the determination result. step; And a fourth step of selectively performing a paging method according to a location registration area division or a multi-stage paging method according to a paging area division according to a state in which the divided small area is currently registered.

The above objects, features and advantages will become more apparent from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

First, when the relationship between the present invention and the existing method is schematically described, the present invention relates to the existing method of registering a location in the unit of the location registration area on the terminal side of the user. Paging method or paging according to location registration area division (large location registration area that is not divided or small location registration area that is divided) by applying selective location registration method to selectively register location by dividing into multiple small location registration areas The present invention relates to a method for reducing paging signal traffic and location registration signal traffic by selectively performing a multi-level paging method based on area classification.

That is, since each exchange has a visitor location register (VLR), which is an embedded database, if the user's location moves from one exchange area to another exchange area, the changed location in FIG. 3 is not inside the exchange area. Likewise, the location information is deleted from the original visitor location register (VLR), the location information is newly registered in the visitor location register (VLR) of the exchange, and the visitor location, which is information about the user's location, is located in the home location register (HLR). You must update the number of the register (VLR). Therefore, if the change of location outside one switch, the home location register (HLR) has to be updated, so the existing method according to the location registration area classification should also be used.

In conclusion, the present invention uses the location registration method according to the location registration area division, which is the existing method of moving the location of the exchange period. It uses an optional location registration method to selectively register location by dividing it into small location registration areas, and selectively performs paging method by location registration area division or multi-level paging method by paging area division by using such optional location registration method. This can reduce the cost of location registration and paging.

As described above, in the present invention, one exchange area is used as one location registration area to move the location of the exchange period, but one location registration area is divided into several small areas to move the location within one exchange. Depending on the characteristics of the terminal, it is used as a paging area or a small location registration area.

4 is a diagram illustrating a method of applying a paging area classification method of the present invention to a location registration area classification method, wherein a location registration area of one exchange, a paging area divided into several small areas, and a small location registration area are shown. It is a schematic diagram.

In FIG. 4, LA is a location registration area according to area classification, and PA is a paging area. In FIG. 4, a small unit area in which the location registration area of one exchange is divided into several small areas is used as a paging area or a location registration area according to the characteristics of the user terminal.

If the divided small area is used as the location registration area, the information recorded in the register of the user terminal becomes the identification number of the small location registration area. However, when this divided small area is used as a paging area, only a large range of location registration areas is recorded in the register of the user terminal.

As to which of the two areas is used, the exchange decides only when a location registration signal occurs. This decision is determined by speed, call arrival rate, and the like, which are characteristics of the user terminal. If the speed of the user terminal is fast, a small area is used as a paging area to prevent the location registration signal traffic from increasing. If a call arrival rate is large, a small area is used as the location registration area to reduce paging costs. The criteria you choose are dependent on each system because you need to consider the system's characteristic variables.

That is, the selection of the two methods selects a method that generates a lower cost between the cost when used as a paging area and the cost when used as a location registration area. In other words, when a user requests a location registration, subtract (Equation 1) from Equation (2) below, and use it as a paging area when a positive value is derived. . The cost of using the paging area and the location registration area can be obtained as shown in Equation 1 and Equation 2 below.

C _PA = c _P λ ₁ [N _PA (1-P _out ) + N _LA P _out ]

C _LA = c _P λ ₁ N _SA + c _u E [m]

Here, C _PA and C _LA are the costs of writing a small area as a paging area and a cost of writing a location registration area, respectively. The variables used in (Equation 1) and (Equation 2) are defined as follows.

c _P : cost of unit paging

c _u : unit location registration cost

λ ₁ : average call arrival rate of the called user

N _PA : Number of base stations in paging area

N _LA : Number of base stations in large location registration area

N _SA : Number of base stations in small location registration area

P _out ; The probability that the user is out of the registered paging area when an incoming call occurs

E [m]: The expected value of the number of times the user will leave the small location registration area during the unit time

Next, the formula used as the basis of the method selection is the following (Equation 3).

Criterion = c _P λ ₁ N _SA + c _u E [m]-c _P λ ₁ [N _PA (1-P _out ) + N _LA P _out ]

5 is a flowchart illustrating a selective location registration procedure by changing a location of a user terminal according to the present invention.

First, the user terminal 501 compares the location registration area information transmitted from each base station with the information recorded in its register, and detects that its location has changed when the two informations are different (505). The user terminal 501 transmits the location change request message to the exchange 502 through the location update request message (506), and the exchange 302 according to the characteristics (speed and call arrival rate, etc.) or the cost of the user terminal. After selecting the location registration method (the user selects the location registration method of the small area to be used next) (507) whether the user requesting the location update is already a user who is already registered in his visitor location register 502; Verify that the changed location is within the exchange area (508).

If the user is already registered, after updating the location in the visitor location register 502 (509), a confirmation message indicating that the location update is completed is sent to the user terminal 501 (510). In this case, when the small area is used as the paging area, the paging area identification number of the visitor location register is updated. When the small area is used as the location registration area, the location registration area identification numbers of the user terminal and the visitor location register are updated. .

If the user is not a registered user, the switch 502 sends this location update request information to the home location register 503 to update the location of the home location register 503 (511). The home location register 503 updates the location and sends a message to the visitor location register 504 of the previously registered exchange to delete the user's location information, and the visitor location register 504 of the previous exchange receives the message. The location information of the user is deleted (512). At the same time, the home location register 503 sends a message informing the visitor location register 502 of the new exchange that the location has been registered, and the visitor location register 502 having received the message registers the new user (513). The exchange 502 sends a message to the user terminal 501 indicating that the registration is completed, thereby completing all the location registration procedures.

At this time, the location information stored in the visitor location register 502 of the exchange is as shown in Figure 6b. Of the information of FIG. 6, the same parts as those of the existing method are omitted.

FIG. 6A is an exemplary structural diagram of an information element recorded in a register of a user terminal for applying a selective paging method according to the present invention, and FIG. 6B is a visitor location register (VLR) for applying a selective paging method according to the present invention. 1 is a structural diagram of an information element recorded in FIG.

In FIG. 6, LAI is an identification number of a location registration area LA, which is the same as a conventional method, and PAI is an identification number of a paging area PA divided within one location registration area LA. The information stored in the user terminal is the same as the existing method, and the information stored in the visitor location register (VLR) of the exchange has the information (identification number) of the paging area PA in addition to the information on the user terminal side.

That is, in the case of having the same user identification number as shown in FIG. 6, the location registration area identification number (LAI) is the same, and the visitor location register (VLR) additionally includes a paging area belonging to the time when the user terminal registers a location ( It will have more identification number of PA). This information is grasped by the exchange and registered regardless of the user terminal. Each base station always transmits location information but transmits only a location registration area identification number (LAI) and does not transmit a paging area identification number (PAI). That is, the division of the paging area identification number (PAI) is information that only the exchange needs, and this information is not used in any other element system.

On the other hand, for each user, the visitor location register VLR has information on whether a small area is currently used as a location registration area or a paging area. This information is the flag area FLAG_AREA in FIG. A flag area FLAG_AREA of 0 indicates that a small area is currently used as a location registration area, and a value of 1 indicates that it is used as a paging area.

The updating of the paging area PA is updated only by an implicit registration method when there is an incoming call, an outgoing call or a handoff call. The implicit registration procedure is as follows in FIG. 7. Since the updating of the paging area by this implicit registration method occurs only in one exchange and the visitor location register (VLR), there is no information flow between the element systems and no additional signal traffic occurs.

7 is an exemplary view illustrating a paging area update procedure inside an exchange according to a change in a paging area of a user terminal according to the present invention.

When there is an originating call, an incoming call, or a handoff call, the exchange may know the current location of the user through the information for call setup (701). If the current location (paging area identification number) is different from the registered location (paging area identification number), if it is the same (702), if the paging area is not changed, the process is terminated immediately, and if it is different, the paging area is changed. Updates the paging area identification number (PAI) to the current paging area identification number in the location information of the user in the visitor location register (VLR) and ends (703).

8 is an exemplary diagram of a selective paging procedure performed in the destination exchange according to the present invention.

When an incoming call occurs, the exchange attempts to make a call through the procedure as shown in FIG. However, the selective paging method as shown in FIG. 8 is used in place of the paging processes 117, 119, 121 and 122 of FIG. Although there may be a large number of stages in multi-stage paging among the selective paging methods, an example of two stages is given here. After performing a process 116 of establishing a path between the source network 103 and the destination visited exchange 111 in the procedure shown in FIG. 1, the exchange should select the actual wireless section connection path with the user.

To this end, when the destination exchanger 801 first requests information about the paging area of the called party to the destination visitor location register 800 (804), the destination visitor location register 800 grasps the paging area information and receives the destination exchange 801. 805. The incoming exchange 801 receives this to check whether the user is using the paging area (check whether the flag area is 1) (806).

As a result of the check 806, if the flag area is not '1', a paging request is made for paging at all base stations in the registered location registration area (small location registration area or large location registration area) (807). The base station 802 receiving the paging request transmits a paging message to perform paging (808). If the called terminal 803 receives the paging message, the base station 802 transmits a paging response to the base station 802 (809). The base station 802 sends the received paging response to the destination exchange 801 (810). The destination exchange 801 checks whether there is a paging response until the timer expires (811), and upon receiving the paging response, selects one of the base stations that have sent the paging response and sets up a call in the radio section (812). If not, release the abnormal case and end.

If the check result 806 indicates that the flag area is '1', the first stage paging is requested to be paged by all base stations in the registered paging area (813). The base station 802 receiving the first stage paging request transmits a paging message to perform paging (814), and if the called terminal 803 is in the first stage paging area, and receives the paging message, the base station 802 paging to the base station 802. Send a response (815). The base station 802 sends 816 the received paging response to the destination exchange 801. The destination exchange 801 checks whether there is a paging response until the timer expires (817), and upon receiving the paging response, selects one of the base stations that have sent the paging response and sets up a call in the radio section (818). As such, when the call is set up in the first stage of paging, all paging processes are terminated.

If the paging response is not received in step 1 paging, a paging message is sent to the base stations that were not paged in step 1 to perform a paging process (step 2) to set up a call in the radio section (819 to 824). If the paging response is not received in step 2, call cancellation by the abnormal case is made (825).

The present invention described above is not limited to the above-described embodiments and the accompanying drawings, and various substitutions, modifications, and changes can be made in the art without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention. It will be apparent to those of ordinary knowledge.

As described above, the present invention divides the location registration area of one switch into a plurality of paging areas or a plurality of small location registration areas in a wireless communication system, and selectively registers the location. By selectively performing the multi-stage paging method by the method or the paging area classification, paging signal traffic and location update signal traffic can be minimized.

As such, by reducing the heavy location registration signal traffic and paging signal traffic that occur when the system is microcellized, it is possible to expand the capacity of the system and reduce the operating costs required for location registration and paging.

Claims (16)

In the selective location registration method applied to a wireless communication system, A first step of dividing the location registration area of one exchange into a plurality of small areas; And A second step of selectively registering the divided plurality of small areas as a plurality of paging areas or a plurality of small location registration areas according to characteristics of a user terminal; Optional location registration method comprising a. The method of claim 1, When the location registration signal is generated, the exchange determines the characteristics of the user terminal again and selectively updates the divided plurality of small areas to a plurality of paging areas or a plurality of small location registration areas according to the determination result. step Optional location registration method further comprising. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The registration process of the second step, And registering information including a flag area indicating whether the user terminal uses the divided small area as a paging area or a small location registration area. The method of claim 3, wherein The information including the flag area is Selective location registration method, characterized in that stored in the visitor location register of the exchange. The method of claim 3, wherein Characteristics of the user terminal, Optional location registration method comprising the speed and the call arrival rate. The method of claim 5, The selective registration process of the second step, If the speed of the user terminal is high, the divided small area is used as a paging area to prevent the location registration signal traffic from increasing. If the call arrival rate is high, the divided small area is registered to reduce the paging cost. Optional location registration method characterized in that used as an area. The method of claim 5, The selective registration process of the second step, Selective location registration, characterized in that to calculate the cost when used as a paging area and the cost when used as a location registration area using the speed and the call arrival rate to select a method that generates the least cost of the two costs Way. The method of claim 7, wherein The selective registration process of the second step, Calculate the cost when used as a paging area as C _PA = c _P λ ₁ [N _PA (1-P _out ) + N _LA P _out ], and calculate the cost when used as a location registration area as C _LA = c Calculated as _P λ ₁ N _SA + c _u E [m], Criterion = c _P λ ₁ N _SA + c _u E [m]-c _P λ ₁ [N _PA (1-P _out ) + N _LA P _out ] to select and register (where c _P : unit paging cost, c _u : unit location registration cost, λ ₁ : average call arrival rate of the called user, N _PA : number of base stations in the paging area, N _LA : Number of base stations in large location registration area, N _SA : Number of base stations in small location registration area, P _out ; Probability that user is out of the registered paging area when an incoming call occurs, E [m]: User And an expected value of the number of times of leaving the small location registration area during the unit time. In the selective paging method applied to a wireless communication system, A first step of dividing the location registration area of one exchange into a plurality of small areas; A second step of selectively registering the divided plurality of small areas as a plurality of paging areas or a plurality of small location registration areas according to characteristics of a user terminal; When the location registration signal is generated, the exchange determines the characteristics of the user terminal again and selectively updates the divided plurality of small areas to a plurality of paging areas or a plurality of small location registration areas according to the determination result. step; And A fourth step of selectively performing a paging method based on a location registration area division or a multi-stage paging method based on a paging area division according to a state in which the divided small area is currently registered Optional paging method comprising a. The method of claim 9, The registration process of the second step, And registering information including a flag area indicating whether the user terminal uses the divided small area as a paging area or a small location registration area. The method of claim 10, The information including the flag area is Selective paging method, characterized in that stored in the visitor location register of the exchange. The method of claim 10, Characteristics of the user terminal, Selective paging method comprising a rate and a call arrival rate. The method of claim 12, The selective registration process of the second step, If the speed of the user terminal is high, the divided small area is used as a paging area to prevent the location registration signal traffic from increasing. If the call arrival rate is high, the divided small area is registered to reduce the paging cost. Selective paging method, characterized in that used as an area. The method of claim 12, The selective registration process of the second step, Selective paging method characterized by selecting the method of generating the lesser of the two costs by calculating the cost when used as a paging area and the cost when used as a location registration area using the speed and call arrival rate . The method of claim 14, The selective registration process of the second step, Calculate the cost when used as a paging area as C _PA = c _P λ ₁ [N _PA (1-P _out ) + N _LA P _out ], and calculate the cost when used as a location registration area as C _LA = c Calculated as _P λ ₁ N _SA + c _u E [m], Criterion = c _P λ ₁ N _SA + c _u E [m]-c _P λ ₁ [N _PA (1-P _out ) + N _LA P _out ] to select and register (where c _P : unit paging cost, c _u : unit location registration cost, λ ₁ : average call arrival rate of the called user, N _PA : number of base stations in the paging area, N _LA : Number of base stations in large location registration area, N _SA : Number of base stations in small location registration area, P _out ; Probability that user is out of the registered paging area when an incoming call occurs, E [m]: User Selective paging method, characterized in that it indicates the expected value of the number of times to leave the small location registration area during the unit time. The method according to any one of claims 9 to 15, The fourth step, A fifth step of determining whether the divided small area is currently registered as a paging area or a small location registration area; A sixth step of performing paging based on the location registration area classification if the small location registration area is registered as a result of the fifth step; And A seventh step of performing multi-stage paging according to the paging area classification, if it is registered as the paging area as a result of the determination of the fifth step Optional paging method comprising a.