KR100280018B1 - Opening and closing method of valve opened and closed by air pressure and valve device - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for opening and closing a valve that is opened and closed by pneumatic pressure, and a valve device. In general, the opening and closing operation shifting valve reciprocated by pneumatic pressure is made in a single structure in which the disk is pressurized and spaced to achieve the opening and closing operation of the valve. It is difficult to maintain the excellent airtightness, and the flow control of the fluid cannot be precisely controlled due to the damage of the opening / closing operation valve and the disk, and also the fluid flow through the valve cannot be provided quickly and smoothly. Had a disadvantage.

Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, the present invention performs the opening and closing operation of the valve by the dual structure for opening and closing the internal flow path with pressure contact and separation operation of the opening and closing operation variable disk and the opening and closing operation variation disk, Of course, the opening and closing operation of the disk is configured to alleviate the shock applied when the disc is pressurized, thereby preventing the breakage, thereby providing excellent rigidity, and passing through the internal flow path of the opening / closing valve. The method of opening and closing the valve which is opened and closed by pneumatic pressure to allow the fluid and the like to have a centrifugal force to quickly and smoothly transport and discharge the valve, as well as to control the opening and closing operation of the on-off valve by a separate means as well as air pressure. It is characterized by providing the valve device.

Description

Opening and closing method of valve opened and closed by air pressure and valve device

The present invention relates to a method for opening and closing a valve that is opened and closed by pneumatic pressure, and more particularly, to a valve device. The present invention relates to a valve opening and closing method and a valve device which are opened and closed by air pressure to allow the transfer of fluid and the like to be quickly and smoothly performed.

In general, the on-off valve is used as a means for opening and closing the pipe is installed on the pipe to transfer the fluid and the like.

The structure of such a conventional on-off valve will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.

The main body 10 in which the divided parts 11 and 12 divided into left and right sides are coupled to each other has an inlet hole 13a and an outlet hole 13b and a curved guide groove 13c toward the outlet hole 13b. Open and close to form a circular inner flow path 13 to form a) and the inner flow path 13 and the outside diameter coincides with the inner center and the opening and closing surface 22 on one side with the distribution hole 21 inside The operating side 20 is installed to reciprocate a predetermined distance, and the through hole 29b is formed circumferentially inside the guide groove 13c, and the opening and closing surface 22 of the opening operation side 20 is pressurized. The disk 30 is fixedly installed to open and close the inner flow path 13 while being in contact.

At this time, the opening and closing operation side 20 protrudes the pressure actuating projection 25 along the outer circumference to form a pneumatic chamber (15a, 15b), but each of the pneumatic chamber (15a, 15b) closed air injection hole ( 16a), the open air pressure injection hole (16b) is formed and the opening and closing operation side 20 is reciprocated by injecting air pressure thereto.

Looking at the operation relationship of the on-off valve, first, in the opening operation as shown in Figure 1 by injecting air pressure through the open air pressure injection hole (16a) to pressurize the pressing operation projection 25 of the opening and closing operation valve 20 When the opening and closing operation side 20 is moved to the inlet hole (13a) at the same time, the opening and closing surface 22 of the tip of the opening and closing operation side 20 is spaced apart from the disk 30 to open the flow path (13) Done.

As such, the opening and closing operation side 20 opens between the disk 30 and the fluid introduced through the inlet portion 13a and the inner flow passage 13 is curved guide groove 13c on the flow passage 13. While being guided to it is to be conveyed through the through hole 31 and the outlet hole (13b) of the disk (30).

In addition, when the closing operation of the valve as shown in Figure 2 when the air pressure is injected through the closed air injection hole (16b) to pressurize the pressing operation projection 25 of the opening and closing operation valve 20, the opening and closing operation valve As the 20 moves toward the exit hole 13b, the opening / closing surface 22 at the front end of the disk 30 presses the disk 30 to close the flow path 13.

In this way, the opening and closing operation side 20 is closed between the disk 30, so that the fluid flowing through the inlet 13a and the inner passage 13 is no longer the through hole 31 and the outlet of the disk 30 Will not be transported through the ball (13b) is to block the flow of fluid and the like.

However, such an open / close valve cannot be opened and closed excellently because only one portion of the open / close valve 20 is in pressure contact with the disk 30 during open / close operation of the valve. The disk 30 or the opening / closing operation valve 20 in the fixed state in the process of pressurizing and contacting the opening / closing operation valve 20 to the outer periphery of the disk 30 by the air pressure injected into the injection hole 16b. There is a possibility that the opening and closing surface 22 of the breakage is broken, and the opening and closing operation edge 20 of the opening and closing operation of the disk 20 makes it difficult to secure excellent airtightness with the disk 30. Will have

In addition, the opening and closing valve is controlled only by the air pressure injected into the open, closed air pressure injection hole (16a, 16b) simply open and close the reciprocating movement of the opening and closing operation valve 20 during the opening and closing operation valve 20 By the pressure of the pneumatic pressure injected to move the), the fine adjustment operation of the opening and closing operation valve is difficult, and of course, in an emergency in which it is difficult to provide the air pressure, the opening and closing control cannot be performed separately.

In addition, the opening and closing valve is located in the outside of the flow path 13 in the process that the fluid flowing through the inner flow path 13 is guided through the curved guide groove 13c of the flow path 13 and transported. The fluid is transported through the curved guide groove 13c relatively quickly, but the fluid located inside thereof requires friction with the disk 30 and guided to the guide groove 13c. There is a problem of failing to provide a smooth discharge.

Accordingly, the present invention has been made in consideration of the above-described problems of the prior art and has the following object.

An object of the present invention is to provide excellent tightness by preventing the damage of parts in the opening and closing operation process of the opening and closing valve to provide excellent robustness, as well as double opening and closing operation.

The present invention has an object to finely control the opening and closing operation of the on-off valve in a variety of ways by a separate means as well as air pressure.

It is an object of the present invention to achieve a rapid and smooth transfer of fluids through the on / off valves.

In order to achieve the above object, in the present invention, the operating opening and closing valve is moved away from the disk while the operating opening and closing valve moves to the inlet side by injecting air pressure through the opening and closing air injection hole of the valve or by rotating the control lever by a separate means. Primary opening, and the operation opening and closing continuously moving with the disk while the disk is spaced from the exit hole of the main body to make a second opening to open the internal passage, the operation opening and closing movement while moving to the exit side. The primary closure is closed by pressing the disk, and the operation opening and closing continuously moving with the disk, and the disk is in secondary contact closing the inner passage by pressure contact with the exit hole, and also inside the valve body Provide centrifugal force for quick and smooth transfer of fluids through the flow path By W by the rotational force so as to move along the outer circumferential edge of the interior distribution was able to complete the present invention.

1 and 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional valve,

1 shows the valve is opened,

2 shows the valve is closed.

3 and 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a valve of the present invention,

Figure 3 shows the valve is closed,

4 shows an open state of the valve.

5 is a cross-sectional configuration of the valve of the present invention in the disassembled state,

6 is a sectional view showing the main parts of the valve of the present invention;

7 and 8 is a cross-sectional view showing the operation relationship to the valve of the present invention,

7 shows the operation of opening the valve,

8 shows the operation in which the valve is closed.

Figures 9a, b, c, d is a side view showing various embodiments of the disk of the present invention,

10 is a diagram comparing and testing the fluid flow rate by the disk of FIG.

Figure 11a, b is a plan view showing another operating relationship of the opening and closing operation valve of the present invention,

12 is a conceptual view showing an example of connecting and installing the valve of the present invention.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

10; Valve bodies 11 and 12; Left and right partition 13; Internal channel

13a; Inlet hole 13b; Outlet hole 13c; Home

20; Switching opening and closing valve 23; Step opening and closing surface 25; Pressurized Operation Projection

25a; Adjusting groove 26; Support 30; disk

33; Stepped grooves 34a, 34b, 34c, 34d; Inclined guide surface 35; Working rod

37; Stopper 40; Rotating body 55; Adjusting lever

Hereinafter will be described in detail with respect to the valve opening and closing method of the present invention.

The inner body of the main body formed by combining the left and right partitions has a circular inner flow path having inlet and outlet holes on both sides and a curved guide groove in the exit hole direction, and the inner portion of the inner flow path is located inside. Opening / closing operation side of the flow path coincides with the outer diameter and forms a distribution hole inside the valve to allow a reciprocating movement for a certain distance, and a disc is installed inside the curved guide groove to open and close the pneumatic injection hole of the main body. In the valve which is configured to open or close the inner flow hole of the main body by the air pressure is injected through the pressurizing operation projection of the opening and closing operation valve so that the opening and closing operation valve is moved in pressure contact or spaced to the disk,

Inside the opening and closing operation side is installed in the support unit having a support hole and a guide hole in the center, the support hole is inserted into the operating rod coupled to the disc at the distal end, the guide rod is guided along one side of the operating rod At the same time, the opening and closing operation side is spaced apart from the disk to move back and forth by a predetermined distance, and then install a stopper having a locking jaw formed on the support body so that the opening and closing operation is further retracted and the locking jaw is moved while the opening and closing operation is performed. After the sides move forward by a certain distance, the disc is pressurized by contacting the disk, so that the disk is pushed and moved together while moving further,

When the air pressure is injected through the open air pressure injection hole, the opening / closing movement of the stopper is moved to the inlet side until the position of the stopper is caught by the stopper, and the tip is separated from the disk to form the first opening, and the operating opening and closing edge of the stopper is continuously supported. The disk is spaced apart from the exit hole along with the working rod while moving on the locking jaw to form a second opening to open the internal passage of the main body,

When the air pressure is injected through the closed pneumatic injection hole, the operation opening and closing edge moves to the outlet side, and the front end of the disk makes a primary closure by pressurizing the disk, and the operating opening and closing valve moves together with the pressure contacting the disk, while the disc moves the exit hole. It provides a method of opening and closing the valve is made of a secondary closing to close the internal passage of the main body by pressing.

In addition, the present invention is to provide a centrifugal force to the fluid passing through the inner flow path of the main body by moving along the outer circumference of the inner flow path by the rotational force quickly through the curved guide groove formed on the outer circumference of the exit hole side Provide a method to be transported.

Referring to the preferred embodiment of the valve opening and closing method of the present invention in detail with reference to Figures 3 to 6 as follows.

Inside the main body 10 formed by joining the left and right partitions 11 and 12 having the flanges 11a and 12a, the inlet hole 13a and the outlet hole 13b are formed on both sides of the outlet hole 13b. A circular inner flow path 13 having a curved guide groove 13c in the direction of (), and an inner flow path and an outer diameter coincide with a center of the inner flow path 13 and have a distribution hole 21 therein. The opening and closing operation side 20 forming a) is installed to be reciprocated by a predetermined distance, and the disc 30 is installed inside the curved guide groove 13c to open and close the air pressure injection of the main body 10. Since the air pressure injected through the balls 16a and 16b pressurizes the pressurizing operation protrusion 25 of the opening and closing operation side 20, the opening and closing operation side 20 moves so that the tip thereof is pressurized or spaced from the disc. In the opening or closing of the inner distribution hole 13, the opening and closing operation of the inner side 20, the support hole 26a and the inside of the center The support 26 having the ball 26b is screwed and installed, and the support rod 26a is movably inserted into the support rod 35 to which the disk 30 is coupled to the front end thereof. At one side of the guide hole (26b) is guided along the opening and closing operation side 20 at the same time spaced apart from the disk 30 is moved back by a predetermined distance after the engaging jaw (37a) formed to be caught on the support 26 The stopper 37 is installed to allow the opening and closing operation side 20 to move back and forth while holding the locking jaw 27a.

In addition, the front end of the opening and closing operation edge 20 forms a step opening and closing surface 23 forming a step, and on the outer periphery of the disk 30 corresponding to the opening and closing operation edge 20 is moved forward by a predetermined distance and the The step opening / closing surface 23 of the opening and closing operation side 20 forms a stepped groove 33 in pressure contact so that the opening and closing operation side 20 moves and moves the disc 30 together while moving forward. .

In addition, the disk 30 forms an inclined guide surface 34 which is inclined with an outer circumference so as to guide the flow of the fluid on one side, and the pressure sheet 38 made of urethane or rubber on the other side of the inner flow path 13. It is provided to open and close.

In addition, the support 26 is formed to form a plurality of through holes 26c inclined in a twisted state toward the outside direction, and also to form a plurality of inclined blades 41 in a twisted state in the inlet portion (13a) The whole 40 is installed on the rotatable working rod 35 to impart centrifugal force to the fluid passing through the through hole 26c and the tilting blade 41.

6 shows various embodiments of the inclined guide surface 34 inclined in the outer circumferential direction so that the inside of the disk 30 guides the flow of the fluid, and the inclined guide surface 34 is concave. The surface 34a, the flat surface 34b, and the convex surfaces 34c and 34d are formed.

As shown in the diagram of Figure 7, the inclined guide surface is formed by varying the flow coefficient for each opening can be selectively used according to the amount to transfer the fluid, etc. in the pipe to which the valve of the present invention is applied For example, in the state where 50% is opened, the flow coefficient of the concave surface 34a is about 80%, the flow coefficient of the plane 34b is about 50%, the flow coefficient of the convex surface 34c is about 35%, and the convex surface The flow rate coefficient of 34d forms about 20%, so that the inclined guide surface 34 protrudes outwardly rather than concave, so that the flow rate is increased. Therefore, the flow coefficient of 34d may be applied to the valve of the present invention.

As shown in the figure, 46 is a state in which the rotatable body 40 is rotatably installed in the inner flow path 13 and the spacer rings 42, 44 and the packing rings 43, 45 are installed outside thereof. Fixing screw ring to support the combined, 52 is a packing member, 54 is a fixing member for fixing the left and right split body (11, 12), respectively.

This operation of the device of the present invention will be described in detail.

Referring to the operation of opening the valve of the present invention first when the air pressure is injected through the open air pressure injection hole (16a) formed on the main body 10 as shown in Figs. The opening and closing operation side 20 is moved toward the inlet hole 13a while extending to the pressing operation protrusion 25 of the opening and closing operation side 20 through.

The opening and closing step 23 of the tip is spaced apart from the step groove 33 of the disc 30 by the moving operation of the opening and closing operation side 20 as described above to achieve the first opening operation.

At this time, the operating rod 35 is guided to the support 26 fixed to the inner center of the opening and closing operation side 20 to the guide hole 26a at the center thereof, and one side stopper 37 of the operating rod 35 is a support ( While being guided to the support hole 26b of the 26, the engaging jaw 37a of the stopper 37 is in a state of being positioned to be caught by the support 26.

As such, in the state where the first opening operation is performed by the opening / closing operation valve 20, the fluid, etc., introduced through the internal flow path 13 of the main body 10 is stepped with the step opening / closing surface 23 of the opening / closing operation valve 20. It is guided between the inclined guide surface 34 of the disk 30 to the conveying position to the guide groove (13c), but the one side of the pressing sheet 38 of the disk 30 is in a state of closing the inner flow hole (13) exit The ball 13b is in a state of interrupting the transfer of fluid or the like.

In this state, the opening / closing operation side 20 moves the locking step 37a of the stopper 37 hanging on the support 26 together with the operating rod 35 by the continuous movement of the opening / closing operation side 20. do.

By moving the operating rod 35, the disk 30 screwed to the front end of the disk 30 is spaced apart from the outlet hole 13b, so that the inner passage 13 of the main body is opened, and thus the second opening is completed to complete the opening operation. .

In such a secondary opening operation, the fluid and the like remaining in the curved guide groove 13c are transferred and discharged through the outlet hole 13b.

Moreover, the fluid and the like conveyed through the inner flow hole 13 of the valve body 10 is a twisted rotary blade 41 and the opening and closing operation side 20 of the rotating body 40 rotatably installed on the inlet (13a) side. It is guided through the through-hole 26c which is inclined to be twisted outward to the support 26 fixedly installed on the inner side of the support 26, so that it has a centrifugal force in the outward direction, so that it can be quickly conveyed along the outer circumference of the inner flow path 13. Of course, it is particularly easily guided to the curved guide groove (13c) while minimizing the frictional resistance with the disk 30, the inclined guide surface 34 of the outlet portion (13b) side to effectively provide the flow of fluid and the like.

In addition, as described above, the inclined guide surface 34 of the disk 30 selectively applies the concave surface 34a, the flat surface 34b, and the convex surfaces 34c and 34d according to the fluid transfer amount of the valve. It is possible to more effectively control the transfer of fluid and the like.

Next, the operation of closing the valve will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 4 and 8. When the air pressure is injected through the closed air injection hole 16b formed on the main body 10, the air pressure is in the pneumatic chamber ( The opening and closing operation side 20 moves in the direction of the exit hole 13b while extending to the pressing operation protrusion 25 of the opening and closing operation side 20 through 15b).

By the movement of the opening and closing operation side 20 such that the opening and closing step surface 23 of the tip is in pressure contact with the step groove 33 of the disk 30 to perform the first closing operation to the internal flow path of the main body 10 ( The fluid introduced through 13) can no longer be transferred to the guide groove 13c and the flow is blocked.

At this time, while the tip opening / closing step surface 23 of the opening and closing operation side 20 is pressurized in contact with the step groove 33 of the disc 30, the airtight maintenance to block the flow of fluid and the like is more effectively provided. Since the disk 30 is not stopped against the impact applied while the opening / closing operation side 20 is in contact with the disk 30, the disk 30 is continuously stopped in the direction in which the opening / closing operation side 20 operates, and the shock is alleviated. It is to prevent the possibility of damage to the side 20 or the disk 30.

In this way, the opening and closing operation side 20 is pressure-contacted to the disk 30, the opening and closing operation side 20 is moved with the disk 30 by the continuous movement of the opening and closing operation 20 in the state that the primary closing operation is made. One side of the seat member 33 of the disk 30 to close the outlet hole (13b) elastically closes the internal flow path 13 of the main body so as to close the secondary to complete the closing operation.

As such, the present invention provides a more excellent airtightness since the closing operation of the opening / closing operation side 20 is provided in pressure contact with the disk 30 and the disk 30 is in pressure contact with the outlet hole 13b. In order to ensure the blocking of the fluid and the like, as well as the passage 13 by the pressure sheet 38 of the disk 30 even when breakage occurs in a portion where the opening / closing operation side 20 and the disk 30 come into contact with each other. ) Closed operation is maintained so that the transfer of fluid, etc. is kept completely blocked.

Meanwhile, the present invention forms an adjustment recess 25a at the center of the pressure actuating projection 25 formed on the circumference of the opening and closing operation 20 as shown in FIGS. 3, 4, and 11, and the adjustment recess ( Insert the control rod 56 of the control lever 55 rotatably installed on the main body 10 to the upper center of the 25a), the control rod 56 is a certain angle on the horizontal line on the outer periphery of the control lever 55 It is installed in a displaced state so that the opening and closing operation side 20 moves by the same distance in the same moving direction according to the direction in which the control lever 55 rotates and the moving distance.

The present invention is to provide the opening and closing operation of the valve in the case of the air pressure applied to the opening and closing operation valve 20 can not provide the air pressure in the emergency and difficult operation to adjust the fine movement of the opening and closing operation valve 20. When the control rod 56 of the control lever 55 is rotated about the control lever 55 by rotating the control lever 56 in the open or closed direction. The opening / closing operation side 20 is pushed and moved in the rotational direction thereof while being guided along the adjustment recess 25a of the inserted opening / closing operation side 20.

At this time, the moving distance of the opening and closing operation side 20 is determined according to the rotational moving distance of the control bar 56 by the control lever 55.

In addition, the rotation lever or the rotational movement distance of the control lever can be operated by manual operation such as a lever or an override hand wheel, as well as a position shifter and a contact switch. SWITCH), proximity sensor, etc. can be controlled to control precise rotation operation is possible.

On the other hand, the operation of the control lever can be carried out in a variety of ways in addition to the above-described examples, it is noted that the degree of change of the means for operating the control lever belongs to the scope of the present invention.

Therefore, by precisely adjusting the rotational direction or the rotational movement distance of the control rod 56 while operating the control lever 56 as described above is to precisely adjust the movement direction or the movement distance of the opening and closing operation side 20. .

The precise control of the moving distance of the opening and closing operation valve 20 as described above is the primary opening spaced apart from the disk 30 while the opening and closing operation valve 20 moves during the valve opening operation, the opening and closing operation valve 20 ) Is to finely control the degree of opening the inner passage 13 in the course of the secondary opening to open the inner passage 13 while continuously moving with the disk 30,

In addition, during the closing operation, the opening and closing operation side 20 is moved while the primary closing the pressure contact with the disk 30, the opening and closing operation side 20 while moving continuously with the disk 30, the inner flow path 13 In the process of closing the secondary to close the) to finely control the degree of closing the inner flow path 13 can be finely adjusted the amount of transfer of the fluid, such as the fluid supplied through the distribution path (13) will be.

In addition, the present invention detects the degree of rotation of the control lever 55 in accordance with the opening and closing degree of the valve in one valve installed on the pipe as shown in Figure 12 and the degree of rotation to the actuator, oil, pneumatic, etc. It is connected to be delivered to other valves by the multiple valves will be able to control the opening and closing the same state.

As described above, according to the present invention, the switching channel of the valve is opened and closed by pressurizing contact and spaced operation of the opening / closing operating disk and opening / closing the inner passage along with the disk. Not only providing excellent airtightness, but also the structure of the opening and closing operation to reduce the impact applied to the disk while pressing the pressure to prevent the fear of damage is provided with excellent robustness,

In addition, since the fluid passing through the internal flow path of the on-off valve has a centrifugal force, the fluid can be quickly and smoothly transferred and discharged, and the opening / closing operation of the on-off valve is finely controlled by a separate adjustment lever as well as air pressure. It is to have an effect.

Claims (10)

Pressurizes the disk installed on one side of the distribution passage by reciprocating a certain distance on the distribution passage that forms the opening and closing operation opening, the exit hole, and the curved guide groove by the air pressure injected through the valve body opening and closing air injection holes. In the valve to be in contact or spaced apart to open or close the flow path, the support opening and the support hole is installed in the opening and closing of the operation valve to the support hole to move the operating rod coupled to the disc at the support hole Inserted, the side of the operating rod is guided along the guide hole and at the same time the opening and closing operation side is spaced apart from the disk to move back and forth by a predetermined distance, and then install a stopper formed with a locking jaw to be caught on the support while the opening and closing operation side is moved further The opening and closing operation side by a certain distance to move the hanging jaw After moving forward, the disk is pressurized by contacting the disk so that the disk is pushed and moved together while moving further, and when the air pressure is injected through the open air injection hole, the operating opening / closing support moves to the inlet side up to the position of the stopper of the stopper. The tip is spaced apart from the disk to form a primary opening, and the operation opening and closing edge is continuously moved by holding the stopper of the stopper to the support, and the disc is separated from the exit hole with the operating rod to open the internal passage of the main body. When the air pressure is injected through the closed pneumatic injection hole, the operation opening / closing side moves to the outlet side, and the front end of the disk presses the disk to form a primary closure. The secondary closing to close the internal passage of the main body by pressing the exit hole Opening and closing method of the valve which is opened and closed by the air pressure, characterized in that made. The method of claim 1, wherein a centrifugal force is applied to the fluid passing through the inner passage of the main body and moved along the outer circumference of the inner passage by the rotational force, thereby quickly passing through a curved guide groove formed at the outer circumference of the outlet hole. Opening and closing method of the valve that is opened and closed by the air pressure, characterized in that for conveying. Opening / closing operation side 20 of the valve body 10 is opened and closed by the air pressure injected through the air injection hole (16a, 16b) the inlet hole (13a) and the outlet hole (13b) and the curved guide groove ( 13c) is configured to open or close the flow path 13 by pressing or contacting the disk 30 provided on one side of the flow path 13 while reciprocating a predetermined distance on the flow path 13 forming the 13c). In the inner center of the opening and closing operation side 20, the support 26 having a support hole 26a and a guide hole 26b in the center is screwed and installed, and the support hole 26a has a disk 30 at its tip. The movable rod 35 is coupled to be installed to be movable, and one side of the operating rod 35 is guided along the guide hole 26b of the support 26 while simultaneously opening and closing the operating side 20 from the disk 30. ) And the stopper 37 formed with the engaging jaw 37a formed so as to be caught by the support 26 after being moved backward by a predetermined distance. The valve device which is opened and closed by pneumatic pressure, characterized in that the opening and closing the operation opening 20 is further configured to open and close the flow path 13 by moving the locking step (27a) while retreating. Opening / closing operation side 20 of the valve body 10 is opened and closed by the air pressure injected through the air injection hole (16a, 16b) the inlet hole (13a) and the outlet hole (13b) and the curved guide groove ( 13c) is configured to open or close the flow path 13 by pressing or contacting the disk 30 provided on one side of the flow path 13 while reciprocating a predetermined distance on the flow path 13 forming the 13c). The front end of the opening and closing operation side 20 forms a step opening and closing surface 23 forming a step, and on the outer circumference of the disc 30 corresponding thereto, the opening and closing operation side 20 moves forward by a predetermined distance. The step opening / closing surface 23 of the opening and closing operation side 20 forms a step groove 33 in contact with pressure, so that the opening and closing operation side 20 moves forward and pushes the disks 30 together and moves forward. 13) the valve is opened and closed by air pressure, characterized in that the structure made to block . The disk 30 is pressurized to form an inclined guide surface 34 inclined with an outer periphery so as to guide the flow of the fluid to one side and to open and close the inner passage 13 on the other side. The valve device is opened and closed by air pressure, characterized in that the seat 38 is provided. The valve device of claim 5, wherein the inclined guide surface (34) of the disk (30) is formed as a concave surface (34a). 6. The valve device of claim 5, wherein the inclined guide surface (34) of the disk (30) is formed in a flat surface (34b). 6. The valve device according to claim 5, wherein the inclined guide surface (34) of the disk (30) is formed of a convex surface (34c) (34d). 5. The inclined state of claim 3 or 4, wherein the support 26 forms a plurality of through holes 26c that are inclined in a twisted state toward the outside direction, and the inlet portion 13a is inclined in a twisted state. Rotating body 40 forming a plurality of blades (41) rotatably installed on the operating rod 35, characterized in that made to impart a centrifugal force to the fluid passing through the through hole (26c) and the warp blade (41) Valve device that opens and closes by air pressure. The method of claim 3 or 4, wherein the opening and closing operation 20 is formed in the center of the pressing operation projection 25 formed in the circumference of the adjustment groove (25a), and to the upper center of the adjustment groove (25a) Insert the control rod 56 of the control lever 55 rotatably installed on the main body 10, the control rod 56 is installed on the outer periphery of the control lever 55 in a state where a predetermined angle is shifted from the horizontal line Valve opening and closing by the pneumatic pressure, characterized in that the control lever 55 is made to move by the same distance in the same moving direction in accordance with the rotation direction and the rotational movement distance.