KR100270924B1 - Supercritical water oxidation apparatus for treating waste water - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention utilizes only the catalyst and air or oxygen in the supercritical state of domestic wastewater and industrial wastewater, and minimizes sludge generation without using any reagents such as flocculant, neutralizing agent, and oxidizing agent. It is a supercritical wet oxidizer that generates electricity by operating a steam turbine and enables district heating with waste heat, as well as highly purified wastewater.

Description

Supercritical Wet Oxidizer for Wastewater Treatment.

The present invention utilizes only the catalyst and air or oxygen in the supercritical state of domestic wastewater and industrial wastewater, and minimizes sludge generation without using any reagents such as flocculant, neutralizing agent, and oxidizing agent. It is a supercritical wet oxidizer that generates electricity by operating a steam turbine and enables district heating with waste heat, as well as highly purified wastewater.

In industrialized countries, the amount of industrial wastewater and domestic wastewater including dyeing wastewater, leather wastewater, paper wastewater, animal husbandry wastewater, and petrochemical wastewater is greatly increased, and wastewater treatment is used to smoothly supply high-quality monasteries, industrial water, and agricultural water. It is putting a huge budget into it.

However, in the high purification process of wastewater, the amount of reagents such as coagulant neutralizer and oxidizing agent is added in a large amount to deteriorate the economic feasibility, and water pollution by reagent addition is also a problem. In addition, all wastewater purification treatments, including biological wastewater treatment using activated sludge, generate a large amount of sludge. Landfilling of this sludge contaminates soil and groundwater, and incineration of toxic gases such as nitrogen oxides (NOx) and dioxins There is a problem that caused air and environmental pollution.

Therefore, the present invention can be highly purified treatment of wastewater using only catalyst and air or oxygen in supercritical state for various wastewaters such as domestic wastewater, industrial wastewater, agricultural and livestock wastewater, and reagents such as flocculant, neutralizing agent and oxidizing agent. It is an object of the present invention to provide a supercritical wet oxidizer capable of minimizing the amount of sludge generated since it is not used at all.

In addition, it is intended to be used as an auxiliary power source of the pump and the electric heater by operating a steam turbine to generate electrical energy by using steam that is ejected at high temperature and high pressure.

In addition, the purpose is to enable the district heating by using the waste heat around 400 ℃.

To achieve the above purpose, a waste water pressure pump and a gas booster pump capable of supplying waste water and air (or oxygen) at a pressure of 100 kg / cm 2 or more, respectively, and preheating to preheat the waste water to a constant temperature of 400 ° C. or higher. It consists of an oven, a reaction tower equipped with a heater, a plurality of honeycomb catalyst plates, and a steam turbine for power generation.

In the preheating oven and the reaction tower to maintain a constant temperature of about 400 ℃ beyond the critical temperature of the water (Tc = 374.2 ℃) to be subjected to wet oxidation in the supercritical state of the wastewater pressurized.

In the present invention, the reaction tower is connected to one or more plural to allow various wastewater to be sufficiently treated, and to connect the bellows and the check valve which is a non-return valve to each connection pipe, so that the height difference or flow and vibration between the devices can be achieved. To overcome, and to prevent backflow due to pressure differences.

The super critical water oxidation (SCWO) device of the present invention, which utilizes the principle of wet oxidation of waste water in a supercritical state at high temperature and high pressure, does not use any of the aforementioned reagents, but also dissolves in supercritical wastewater. By oxidatively decomposing organic matters or heavy metals and precipitating them, the waste water is purified and treated, which does not cause secondary pollution or air pollution by treatment reagents, and minimizes sludge generation.

The supercritical wet oxidizer for wastewater treatment of the present invention has high thermal efficiency and, when purifying high concentration wastewater of 20,000 ppm or more, operates a steam turbine for power generation with steam emitted at a high temperature of about 400 ° C. and a high pressure of about 100 kg / cm 2 or more. Self-operation is also possible with generated power generation, while waste heat has particularly good advantages of heating and hot water.

Therefore, the wastewater purification treatment using supercritical wet oxidation has the most excellent function in the advanced purification treatment of various industrial wastewater, domestic wastewater, agricultural and livestock wastewater, and it is desirable to use the supercritical wet oxidation apparatus for wastewater treatment having such special advantages. An embodiment is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings as follows.

1-a block diagram of the present invention.

2-a plan view of the reaction tower of the present invention.

3-an enlarged cross-sectional view of the present invention preheating oven.

4 is an exploded cross-sectional view of the cooling structure of the present invention preheating oven and reaction tower.

5 is a cross-sectional view before the fastening of the electric heater of the present invention.

6 is a cross-sectional view after the fastening of the heat transfer heater of the present invention.

7-Power (Utility) Utilization Diagram of the Invention.

<Description of the code | symbol about the principal part of drawing>

(2)-waste water (4)-waste water tank

(6)-Preheating Oven (8)-Waste Water Pressurized Pump

(10) (12)-reaction tower (14)-gas turbine generator

(16)-Gas Booster Pump (18) (24) (30) (46)-Connector

(20) (26) (32) (48)-Bellow (22) (28) (34) (50)-Check Valve

(36)-Drain tube (40)-Static pressure valve

(42)-Heat Exchanger (44)-Gas Compression Tank

(52) (54) (56)-Electric Heater (58) (60) (62) (64)-Drain Valve

(66) (68) (70) (72)-Drain Tube (74)-Pressure Gauge

(76)-Relief Valve (78) (80) (82)-Thermostat

(84)-base (86)-bottom

(88)-Base (90)-Public

(92)-(Ceramic) Honeycomb Catalyst Plate (94)-Cover

(96)-Tank (98) (100) -Flange

(38) (102)-Bolt (104) (158)-Nut

(106)-Washer (108)-O-Ring

(114) (116) (118) (120) (122) (124)-Indentation groove

(110) (112)-Bolt Ball (126) (128)-Cover

(130) (132)-Cooling Canister (134)-Water Cooling Pump

(136)-Water Pipe (138) (140)-Water Pipe

(142)-Copper Gasket (144)-Open

(146)-protrusion (148) (150) (154) (156)-protrusion

(152)-Original (160) (162)-Indentation

1 shows a wastewater tank 4 in which various wastewaters 2 to be treated (living water, industrial wastewater, agricultural and livestock wastewater, and the like) are dehydrated, and wastewater 2 of the wastewater tank 4. Wastewater pressurized pump 8 for pressurized conveying to the preheating oven 6, preheating oven 6 for heating the pressurized wastewater to a supercritical state and supplying it to the reaction towers 10 and 12, and preheating oven 6. Rotating the turbine with the reaction tower (10) (12) for discharging the supercritical wastewater supplied from the supercritical state to the supercritical state, and the high pressure steam of about 100kg / ㎠ or more emitted from the reaction tower (10) (12) And a gas booster pump 16 for supplying a gas of high pressure (about 100 kg / cm 2 or more) to the bottom of the reaction towers 10 and 12.

In the connecting pipe 18 connecting the waste water tank 4 and the preheating oven 6, a waste water pressurized pump 8 for feeding the waste water 2, bellows 20, and a check valve 22 for preventing the backflow are installed in order. The wastewater 2 is pressurized to the wastewater tank 4 without backflow.

The bellows 26 and the check valve 28 are sequentially installed in the connecting pipe 24 between the preheating oven 6 and the reaction tower 10 so as to be supplied to the preheating oven 6 without backflow, and the reaction tower 10. The bellows 32 and the check valve 34 are sequentially installed in the connection pipe 30 between the reaction tower 12 and the reaction tower 12 so as to be supplied to the reaction probe 10 without backflow, and the discharge pipe 36 of the reaction tower 12. Thereafter, the positive pressure valve 40, the steam turbine generator 14, and the heat exchanger 42 are sequentially connected to allow the treated steam to be discharged to produce electric power, and finally, the discharged steam and waste heat are used to heat the heat exchanger 42. To be used for heating.

In the above, the constant pressure valve (regulator valve) 40 is adjusted to maintain a constant pressure and temperature of the treated water discharged to the discharge pipe 36 so that the pressure and temperature of the reaction towers 10 and 12 are supercritical. It provides an environment that can be maintained.

A gas compressor 41 and a high pressure gas tank 44 are connected to the front end of the gas booster pump 16 so that combustion gas such as air or oxygen is first compressed and stored, and the compressed gas is about 100 kg / cm 2 or more. The bellows 48 and the check valve 50 are sequentially installed in the connection pipe 46 between the gas booster pump 16 and the reaction tower 10, which are supplied to the reaction tower 10 by secondary compression at high pressure. Gas is supplied to the reaction tower 10 without backflow.

Heat transfer heaters 52 and 54 for heating the pressurized waste water 2 to be 400 ° C. or higher in the preheating oven 6 having a rectangular, circular or elliptical shape and the reaction towers 10 and 12 that are elongated vertically. (56) are internally installed so that the wastewater (2) is maintained in a supercritical state, and the drain valve (58) is disposed on the bottom surface of the wastewater tank (4), the preheating oven (10), and the reaction tower (6) (8). Drain pipes 66, 68, 70, and 72, each having 60, 62, 64, are provided so that various sludges deposited on these floors can be discharged and cleaned.

In addition, a pressure gauge 74 and a safety valve 76 are respectively installed in the preheating oven 10 and the reaction towers 6 and 8 in which a high pressure of about 100 kg / cm 2 or more and a high temperature of about 400 ° C. are maintained to maintain safety. The thermostats 78, 80 and 82 which control the power of the electric heaters 52, 54 and 56 are respectively provided on the side or inside of the preheating oven 10 and the reaction tower 6 and 8, respectively. Installed to maintain a constant temperature of about 400 ℃.

On the bottom of the reaction tower 10, 12, a plurality of support bars 84 are installed to be installed on the floor 86, and the support plate 88 protrudes slightly toward the center as shown in Figs. 1 and 2 on the inner circumferential surface. And a donut shape in which the through-hole 90 through which the heat-transfer heaters 54 and 56 can penetrate in the center and the pores through which the wastewater 2 penetrates are formed in the upper portion of the support piece 88. The (ceramic) honeycomb catalyst plate 92 is fastened to the support plate 88 with a bolt 38 to promote the oxidation reaction.

By fastening the honeycomb catalyst plate 92 to the support plate 88 with the bolts 38, the lifting or shaking by the combustion gas supplied to the bottom of the reaction tower 10 is prevented.

3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the preheating oven 6 used in the present invention, in which the cover 94 on which the heat transfer heater 52 is fixed and the wastewater 2 passing through are preheated and vaporized by the heat transfer heater 52. It consists of a water tank 96 to facilitate installation, repair and cleaning.

On the left and right sides of the water tank 96, the connecting pipes 18 and 24 are integrally fixed or coupled in a flange structure, and a drain pipe 66 having a drain valve 58 is provided at the bottom.

The flanges 98 and 100 protrude from the contact portions of the lid 94 and the water tank 96 so as to be fastened by the bolts 102, the nuts 104 and the washers 106, and the flanges 98 and the flanges 100. While maintaining watertightness with the O-ring 108, the heat resistance of the O-ring (O-ring such as bitten rubber) 108 is 200 ° C ~ 300 ° C lower than the temperature of the preheating oven (6) water cooling as shown in FIG. The device was used to achieve cooling and watertightness.

The O-ring 108 may be inserted by forming the semicircular recessed grooves 114 and 116 around the inner surfaces (contact surfaces) of the flanges 98 and 100 where the bolt holes 110 and 112 are formed. Semicircular concave grooves 118 and 120 are formed on the outer surface of the flanges 98 and 100, and semi-circular concave grooves 122 and 124 are formed on the outer portion of the concave grooves 98 and 100. The cover plates 126 and 128 formed in contact with each other are then contacted and fixed by welding or adhesion to maintain watertightness so that the concave grooves 118 and 122 and the concave grooves 120 and 124 are combined to allow the coolant to flow. Cooling water paths 130 and 132 are formed up and down to protect the O-ring 108 from high heat.

The O-ring 108 is positioned to the outside of the cooling water passages 130 and 132 to increase the cooling efficiency, and the cover plates 126 and 128 are manufactured by pressing or molding a metal plate having good thermal conductivity. Do it.

A water supply pipe 136 having a variable water-cooled water pump 134 is installed on one side of the cooling water passages 130 and 132 to force the supply of cooling water, and the cooling water passages 130 and 132 opposite to the water supply pipe 136. Water outlet pipes (138, 140) are installed in the) to allow the cooling water to be discharged.

The water cooling device having the above structure is applied to the upper and lower coupling portions of the reaction towers 10 and 12 as they are.

5 and 6 illustrate the fastening method of the heat transfer heaters 52, 54 and 56 of the present invention, although the watertightness may be maintained by using an o-ring or a packing at the joint portion, but the preheating oven 6 and the reaction tower are shown. The high pressure and high temperature of (10) and (12) are not used, so in the present invention, a donut-shaped copper gasket 142 formed of soft copper is used to withstand high pressure and high temperature.

That is, as shown in FIG. 5, the downward protrusions 148 and 150 are formed on the left and right sides of the lower surface of the downward protrusion 146 on which the opening 144 is formed, and the insulating disc on which the heat transfer heater 52 is fixed ( A pair of upward protrusions 154 and 156 are formed inside and outside the edge portion of the edge 152, and the downward protrusions 148 and 150 are inserted between the upward protrusions 154 and 156. 160 and 162 are formed round and round to the nut 158, the copper gasket 142 is bent along the protrusions 148, 150, 154, 156 as shown in FIG. will be.

As described above, the watertight holding device by the copper gasket 142 and the protrusions 148, 150, 154, and 156 is applied to the coupling parts of the heat transfer heaters 54 and 56 of the reaction columns 10 and 12 as they are. do.

7 is a power supply (power) use of the present invention, when the initial start-up of the device of the present invention to use a general commercial AC power, the production of the steam turbine generator 14 in the state of operation of the device of the present invention By using the power to be used, energy can be efficiently used, and a heat exchanger 42 can be installed at the end of the discharge pipe 36 to be used as a heating energy source.

As described above, the present invention, the super critical water oxidation (SCWO) apparatus using the principle of wet oxidizing waste water in a supercritical state at high temperature and high pressure, does not use any conventional reagents (coagulant neutralizer and oxidant). In addition, by oxidizing and decomposing organic matter or heavy metal dissolved in wastewater in the supercritical state and precipitating the wastewater, the wastewater is not treated to cause secondary pollution or air pollution, and sludge generation is minimized.

In addition, the supercritical wet oxidizer for wastewater treatment of the present invention has a high thermal efficiency, and when purifying high-density wastewater of 20,000 ppm or more, a steam turbine for power generation is generated by steam emitted at a high temperature of about 400 ° C. and a high pressure of about 100 kg / cm 2 or more. Self-operation is possible with the generated power generated by operation, and waste heat can be used as heating and hot water.

In addition, conventionally, a large amount of reagents such as a flocculant neutralizer and an oxidizing agent are added to deteriorate the economics, and there is a problem of water pollution due to the introduction of reagents, and all wastewater purification treatments, including biological wastewater treatment using activated sludge, generate large amounts of sludge. When landfilled sludge is contaminated, soil and groundwater are contaminated, and when incinerated, toxic gases such as nitrogen oxides (NOx) and dioxins are generated, causing air and environmental pollution, but the present invention wastewater using supercritical wet oxidation. When the purification process is used, it has the most excellent function in the advanced purification treatment of various industrial wastewater, domestic wastewater, and agricultural and livestock wastewater.

Claims (6)

The wastewater tank 4 in which the various wastewaters 2 to be treated are desalted, the wastewater pressurization pump 8 for pressurizing and transporting the wastewater 2 of the wastewater tank 4 to the preheating oven 6, and the wastewater to be pressurized Preheating oven (6) for constant heating in the supercritical state to supply to the reaction tower (10) (12), and the superheated to maintain the supercritical wastewater supplied from the preheating oven (6) to discharge the supercritical state Under the reaction tower (10) (12), the gas turbine generator (14) which produces electric power by rotating a turbine with the high pressure steam spouted from the reaction tower (10) (12), and the reaction tower (10) (12) Gas booster pump 16 for supplying a high pressure gas of about 100 kg / cm 2 or more to the part, and an electric heater 52, 54 for heating the preheating oven 6 and the reaction tower 10, 12 to a supercritical temperature ( 56) Supercritical wet oxidizer for wastewater treatment. The bellows (20) (26) (32) (48) and check valves (22) (28) (34) (50) of the connection pipe (18) (24) (30) (46). And a bellows 38 and a positive pressure valve 40 are installed in the discharge pipe 38, and a plurality of honeycomb catalyst plates 92 are installed in the reaction towers 10 and 12. Critical Wet Oxidizer. The gas compressor 41 and the high pressure gas tank 44 are connected to the front end of the gas booster pump 16 so as to first compress and store combustion gas such as air or oxygen. , Secondary compression of the compressed gas to a high pressure of about 100kg / ㎠ or more to supply to the reaction tower 10, the supercritical wet oxidation apparatus for wastewater treatment. The flange (98) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the flanges (98) and (100) are projected on the contact portions of the cover (94) and the water tank (96) of the preheating oven (6) to be fastened by a fastening means. And semicircular recessed grooves 114 and 116 are formed on the inner surface (contact surface) of the flange 100 to insert the O-ring 108, and the semicircular recessed grooves to the outer surface of the flanges 98 and 100. 118 and 120 are formed in a round shape, and the cover plates 126 and 128 formed with a semicircular concave groove 122 and 124 are formed in contact with an outer portion of the concave groove 98 and 100. Weld-fixed to maintain watertightness to form the cooling water passages 130 and 132, install a water supply pipe 136 having a water cooling pump 134 on one side of the cooling water passages 130 and 132, and the opposite side of the water supply pipe 136. Supercritical wet oxidizer for wastewater treatment, characterized in that for the forced cooling by installing the outlet pipe (138) (140) in the cooling water passage (130) (132). The heat transfer heaters 52 and 54 according to claim 1 or 2, wherein downward projections 148 and 150 are formed on the left and right sides of the lower surface of the downward protrusion 146 on which the opening portion 144 is formed. A pair of upward protrusions 154 and 156 are formed inside and outside the edge portion of the insulating disc 152 to which the 56 is fixed, and a downward protrusion 148 between the upward protrusions 154 and 156. (150) is inserted into the recessed portion 160, 162 is formed around the copper gasket 142 is bent along the protrusions 148, 150, 154, 156 by fastening with a nut 158. Supercritical wet oxidizer for wastewater treatment, characterized in that while maintaining the watertight. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a general commercial AC power source is used for the initial operation of the apparatus, and the power generated from the steam turbine generator 14 is used while the apparatus is in operation. Supercritical wet oxidizer for wastewater treatment, characterized in that the heat exchanger (42) is installed at the end.