KR100254056B1 - Method and apparatus for repairing and reinforcing beams of bridge - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: Device and method for reinforcing and repairing a bridge mold are provided to prevent the damage of an end portion of the bridge by preventing stress focusing generated in a corner of a bracket and to simplify establishment in small space. CONSTITUTION: A method for reinforcing and repairing a bridge mold comprises a first process installing more than one middle supporting bracket(38) in a center portion of a bridge mold(32); a second process placing a fixing hole(34) settling a steel wire(36) with non-fixed typed; a third process surrounding both end portions of the mold with the steel wire; a forth process locating a clearance material(46) on a contacting face of the both ends of the mold, and between a lower face of the mold and the middle supporting bracket to prevent focusing of stress; and a fifth process reinforcing and repairing a crack of the bridge by straining the steel wire mounted on the fixing hole.

Description

Repair reinforcement method and apparatus of bridge mold

The present invention provides an external prestressing system for repairing and reinforcing concrete structures such as molds of bridges that are severely damaged such as cracks when the bridges are excessively bent or sag due to the increase in vehicle load and traffic volume. The present invention relates to a method and a device for repairing and strengthening a bridge mold. More specifically, in a concrete structure such as a bridge, a PS steel wire is formed in a bridge mold when a collapse occurs or is expected to collapse due to cracking or deterioration in a beam. The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for repairing and reinforcing a mold of a bridge by installing an intermediate support bracket and an anchorage.

Currently, half of domestic bridges occupy class 2 bridges with a total weight of 32 tons, and these bridges are accelerating damage due to the passage of vehicles larger than the bridge's load capacity. In order to prevent this, it is urgent to develop an efficient and economical repair and reinforcement method to increase the load capacity of existing bridges and to reinforce it into a bridge having a load capacity of a first class bridge that can endure a total weight of 43 tons.

In general, in a concrete structure, when an overload is applied or when the load capacity is insufficient, as shown in FIG. 1, when the bridge mold 60 installed on the bridge 50 does not overcome the load, the tensile tension due to bending or deflection Cracks occur. The current bridge repair reinforcement method used when the bridge is damaged is an external prestressing method using PS steel wire, or an adhesive reinforcement method such as steel plate reinforcement or carbon fiber reinforcement. If the double attachment reinforcement method is not carried out with strict quality control and construction of the materials used, problems such as dropping of the reinforcement may occur later.

Therefore, in recent years, the external prestressing reinforcement method using PS steel wire is widely used instead of the attachment reinforcement method, and the selection of the applied method depends on the bridge type or condition. Steel plate reinforcement method and carbon fiber reinforcement method can be called reinforcement method suitable for reinforcement of slab bridge, and the bridges that can be applied external prestressing reinforcement method using PS steel wire are I-beam bridge, PS beam bridge, T-beam bridge, steel bridge bridge, etc. . In Korea, there are many slab bridges in the open area, but on the extended side, the bridges of each type are applicable to each reinforcement method. Similarly, almost half of the bridges can be reinforced using the external prestressing method using PS steel wire. It is true. In addition, due to the increase in traffic volume and the increase of heavy vehicles, class 2 and 3 bridges, which are threatening safety aging, have improved load capacity to develop reinforcement method that can have load capacity equivalent to class 1 bridges. This is urgent. Considering these circumstances, the development of an external prestressing reinforcement method using an efficient and inexpensive PS steel wire is very necessary.

External prestressing reinforcement using steel wire has been used for a long time and depends on several methods depending on how anchor is installed at the end of steel wire. In other words, the anchor is formed by drilling through-holes in the abdomen with the anchor at the end, and the anchor bolt is installed on the mold surface near the point, and the anchor is surrounded by the steel brackets. How to make it. The external prestressing reinforcement methods using the known PS steel wires all have some problems, and various problems can be pointed out to be applied to actual bridges.

The oldest reinforcement method is to install the anchorage by drilling through-holes in the abdomen. First of all, it is not preferable to damage the weak part of the existing bridge. When prestressing force is concentrated in the through-hole of the abdomen, There is a problem that a high tensile force is generated around the cracks on the point side of the hole, and ultimately a distorted stress is generated between the anchorage of the reinforcement and the point of the existing bridge because the force by prestressing is not transmitted to the point. Rather, they can promote bridge damage, requiring proper reinforcement around the anchorage.

In order to solve the problem of the aforementioned method, a method of moving the anchorage to the point has been proposed and used, but the PS steel wires installed inside the mold are complicatedly arranged at the ends of the existing bridges, especially at the ends. Since it is widespread, in order not to damage the internal steel wires, it is impossible to install the anchorage by a method of drilling a through hole as in the foregoing method. Therefore, in this method, the fixing bracket of steel is fixed to the surface layer of the existing bridge with a plurality of anchor bolts and used as anchorage. In this method, the number of anchor bolts must be increased or deeply planted to apply a large tension. However, there is a problem in that a deep hole cannot be drilled due to the existing PS steel wire present. Even if the anchor bolt is installed on the surface layer, it should be installed very carefully so as not to damage the steel wire inside.

As one example of the prior art developed to solve the problem of the anchorage in the reinforcement method by the existing PS steel wire, as shown in Figures 2a and 2b, repair method and repair device for the bridge beam using the steel wire Patent Publication No. 96-4668. As shown in Figure 2a and Figure 2b, the repair method and repairing device of a bridge beam using a conventional steel wire is a support bracket (10) at both ends in the longitudinal both ends of the PS beam (2) to be repaired located on the bridge (1) Fixing, fixing the intermediate support bracket (20, 21, 22) in the middle of the PS beam, guide support PS steel wire 11 to the both ends of the support bracket 10 and the intermediate support bracket 20, When the steel wire 11 is tensioned through the fixing unit 15 fixed to the support brackets 10 at both ends, the central portion of the bridge PS beam 2 is raised upward to increase the load capacity of the bridge. This method is designed to solve the problem that the existing reinforcement methods mentioned above are having difficulty in installing the anchorage.

However, in the case of using the reinforcement method, it is practical to fix both ends of the support beams 10 which surrounds both ends of the PS beams to both ends of the PS beams, in fact, as shown in FIG. When 60 is located, it is difficult not only to work by putting the bracket 10 between successive bridge beams 60, but also to fix the bracket 10 on the bridge 50 is easy because the bracket is heavy. Not. In addition, although not shown in Figures 2a and 2b, in addition to the PS beams in the longitudinal direction in the actual bridge, since the horizontal beams to secure the PS beams in the transverse direction are present in both ends and middle portions of the PS beam, brackets in the existing bridge To install at both ends, all crossbeams must be removed. Also, even if all crossbeams are removed, it is almost impossible to install a large bracket because the gap between the mold and the mold of the existing bridge is narrow.

As described above, the repairing method and the repairing apparatus using the conventional steel wire may have a problem that stress concentration occurs or cracks occur at the edge of the bracket, and the installation work of the bracket is not easy, and the bridge during the installation work Since the main member of the mold and cross beams must be drilled or cut a plurality of holes, it is rather easy to seriously damage the bridge. In addition, there is a problem that the maintenance of both ends of the support bracket used as a reinforcing material after the work is difficult for the same reason.

The technical problem to be achieved by the present invention, to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, the reinforcement of the bridge mold to prevent the damage of the end of the existing bridge by preventing the stress concentration phenomenon occurring near the edge of the bracket when tensioning the steel wire It is to provide a method and apparatus.

Another technical problem to be achieved by the present invention is to facilitate the installation work of the anchorage, it is possible to install in a narrow space, while minimizing damage to the existing bridge during construction, and at the same time during the operation or after completing the reinforcement work vehicle traffic under the bridge It is to provide a method and apparatus for repairing and reinforcing bridge molds that do not interfere.

1 is a view showing a state where a bending tensile crack is generated in the bridge mold.

Figure 2a is a perspective view of a concrete structure reinforced using a conventional external prestressing reinforcement method.

FIG. 2B is a plan view illustrating an arrangement of both end support brackets and an intermediate support bracket applied to FIG. 2A.

Figure 3 is a perspective view schematically showing a part of the concrete structure reinforced by the reinforcement method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

4 is a front view of FIG. 3.

5A is a view showing a state of the gap material before the PS steel wire is tensioned at both ends of FIG. 3.

5B is a view showing a state of the gap material after the PS steel wire is tensioned at both ends of FIG. 3.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of the fixing unit of FIG. 4.

7A is a view showing a state of the gap member before the PS steel wire of the intermediate support bracket of FIG. 3 is tensioned.

7B is a view showing a state of the gap material after the PS steel wire of the intermediate support bracket of FIG.

8 is a diagram illustrating an example of the fixing unit of FIG. 3.

9 is a side view of FIG. 8.

<Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

30 ... piers, 32 ...

33 ... cover, 34 ...

36 ... steel, 38 ... medium support bracket

40 slabs, 42 holes

44.Horbo, 46.Gap

The method and apparatus for repairing and reinforcing bridge beams of the present invention for achieving the above object is to guide the PS steel wire to both the longitudinal end of the bridge mold and the intermediate support bracket of the middle portion of the mold, and then to fix the fixtures installed near the both ends. The support tension is used to correct the cracking of bridge molds and to improve the load bearing capacity. At this time, the gap between the mold and the steel is convex in the middle of the mold and the intermediate support bracket is placed between the high strength and high elastic material, and the gap is compressed between the mold and the steel wire to transfer the tension of the PS steel wire. prevent. In addition, repair and reinforcement work is possible by drilling 2-3 through holes in the horizontal beam, which is usually installed at both ends of the mold, so that the work can be easily performed in a way that does not damage the mold, which is the main member of the bridge. There is an advantage to this.

Accordingly, the present invention provides a method for repairing and strengthening a bridge or a bridge mold that requires augmentation of damaged bridges or load-bearing forces due to bending tensile cracking, comprising: non-fixedly installing at least one intermediate support bracket on a lower portion of the bridge mold; Non-fixed positioning of anchorages for anchoring steel wires near both ends of the bridge mold; Installing a steel wire to surround both ends of the mold through the intermediate support bracket and the fixing unit; Placing a center convex gap material between the contact surface of both ends of the anchorage and the mold and the lower surface of the intermediate support bracket and the mold in order to solve the concentration phenomenon of the stress generated at the edge while the steel wire is tensioned; And repairing and reinforcing the crack of the bridge mold by tensioning the steel wire installed in the anchorage after the steel wire and the gap member are installed, and providing a repair reinforcement method for the bridge mold. In addition, the present invention is a device for repairing and strengthening a bridge mold to cause bending tensile cracking or to increase the load capacity, comprising: at least one intermediate support bracket non-fixedly installed in the middle portion of the lower surface of the bridge mold; A fixing unit positioned non-fixedly in the vicinity of both ends of the bridge mold to connect and tension the steel wire; A steel wire installed to surround the mold through the intermediate support bracket and the fixing unit; And a convex gap member provided between the contact surface of both ends of the steel wire and the mold and the middle support bracket and the lower surface of the mold in order to solve the stress concentration phenomenon caused by the tension of the steel wire. Provide a reinforcement device.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of a repair method and a repair apparatus for a bridge beam according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to FIG. 3, which shows a perspective view schematically showing a part of a concrete structure reinforced by the reinforcing method according to the present invention, a bridge mold 32 is placed on a bridge 30, and a cross beam 44 between the bridge molds. ) Is placed. In addition, the slab 40 is mounted on the upper portion of the bridge mold to provide a road for traffic flow such as a vehicle or a person. As the traffic volume increases and the heavy vehicle increases, a flexural tensile crack occurs in the slab or the mold, which accelerates the deterioration of the bridge and simultaneously lowers the load capacity. Such damaged bridges need proper repair and reinforcement to ensure proper safety and to prevent the bridges from collapsing. In the present invention for this purpose, as shown in Figure 3, there is provided a repair and reinforcement method and apparatus of the bridge by the external pre-stressing method using the PS steel wire. In particular, a feature of the present invention is that the PS steel wire surrounds both ends of the beam by using a small gap material at both ends of the beam. This eliminates the need to remove the cross beams, which are the main members, or to drill through the molds, to fix the brackets fixed at both ends.

4 is a side view illustrating the reinforcement method and apparatus according to the present invention with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4.

First, at least one intermediate support bracket 38 is installed in the middle portion of the bridge beam. Then, the PS steel wire 36 is installed to be connected to the gap member 46 surrounding both ends of the beam through the fixing holes 34 located at both ends of the bridge beam. At this time, the gap member 46 for guiding the steel wire 36 is provided at both ends of the beam. The gap member 46 is a part installed between the contact surface between the steel wire 36 and the intermediate support bracket 38 and the bridge 32 to solve the stress concentration phenomenon at the edge of the bridge beam end caused by the tension of the steel wire. It has a convex shape. After the steel wire 36 and the gap member 46 are installed, the steel wire supported by the anchorage 34 is tensioned to reinforce the load capacity of the bridge mold. At this time, if there is a cross beam 44 between the mold and the mold to make a hole in the cross beam 44 so that the steel wire 36 can pass through. Here, the gap member 46 is made of a high-strength high elastic material and uses a material having a small amount of deformation when subjected to a force. In addition, a space between the gap material 46 and the beam is preferably filled with a thin high elastic rubber sheet or the like to induce a more uniform stress distribution.

FIG. 5A shows the state of the gap material before the PS steel wires at both ends of FIG. 3 are tensioned, and FIG. 5B shows the state of the gap material after the PS steel wires at both ends of FIG. 3 are tensioned. As can be seen from the figure, the gap member 46 is a form in which the convex surface is in contact with the middle portion of the beam end before the steel wire 36 is tensioned, but deformation occurs as the tension force is applied, so that the flat surface is formed with the mold. The part which is in contact with the steel wire 36 is deformed convex. Accordingly, when the steel wire 36 is tensioned, the stress is evenly distributed at the end of the beam through the gap member 46 without directly applying force to the end of the beam, thereby preventing the edge of the beam end from being broken. have.

Figure 6 is a view showing an example of the anchorage of Figure 4, the anchorage 34 applied to the present invention is a device for connecting the steel wire, the steel wire surrounding the end of the beam and the steel wire for applying external prestress on both sides of the beam It is a device that is engaged with each other in the form of a wedge. Therefore, since the steel wires on the opposite sides of the beams are fixed to the anchorage 34 while being tensioned with each other, the present invention does not require any additional means for fixing the anchorage 34 to the beams. The detailed view of the anchorage 34 is shown in Figs. 8 and 9, in which the steel wire 36 is positioned on the surface of the anchorage 34, and if it is a means of adopting a conventional steel wire anchoring method, it is functionally sufficient. However, in the present invention, as shown in FIG. 9, the cover part 33 is provided on the outside of the fixing unit 34 so that the externally fixed steel wire is not exposed to the outside to improve the appearance.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 7B showing the state of the gap member after the PS steel wire of the intermediate support bracket of FIG. 3 shows the state of the gap member before the PS steel wire of the intermediate support bracket of FIG. The intermediate bracket 38, which is installed at the lower middle portion of the PS beam, requires an additional fixing means because the bridge member 46 is integrally formed with the gap member 46 applied to the end of the beam with upward force generated when the steel wire is tensioned. I never do that. Even in this case, the gap member 46 causes the convex surface to contact the lower surface of the beam before being tensioned and the contact surface to be flat after being tensioned to alleviate the stress concentration phenomenon occurring at both ends of the bracket 38 when upward force is applied. Let's do it.

As described above, the repairing reinforcement method and apparatus of the bridge mold of the present invention has anchorages in the vicinity of both ends of the beam, has an intermediate support bracket near the center, and when the PS steel wire is tensioned through the anchorage, Placed between the beams so that the stress from the PS steel wire is not evenly distributed at the edges of the beams, so that the edges of the beams are not damaged and there is no need to drill holes for fixing the brackets. There is an easy advantage.

Claims (5)

In the method of repairing and reinforcing bridge molds in which flexural tensile cracks are generated to increase damaged bridges or load capacity, Non-fixedly installing at least one intermediate support bracket at a middle portion of a lower surface of the bridge mold; Non-fixed positioning of anchorages for anchoring steel wires near both ends of the bridge mold; Installing a steel wire to surround both ends of the mold through the intermediate support bracket and the fixing unit; Placing a center convex gap material between the contact surface of both ends of the anchorage and the mold and the lower surface of the intermediate support bracket and the mold in order to solve the concentration phenomenon of the stress generated at the edge while the steel wire is tensioned; And After the steel wire and the gap member is installed, the steel wire installed in the anchorage is tensioned to repair and reinforce the crack of the bridge mold, characterized in that it comprises the step of repairing and strengthening the bridge mold. The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of drilling a hole in the cross beam so that the steel wire can pass. 2. The reinforcing reinforcement of a bridge mold according to claim 1, wherein the gap material is made of a high strength high elastic material, or fills a space between the steel wire and the intermediate support bracket and the bridge mold with high elastic rubber or the like simultaneously. Way. In a device for repairing and strengthening bridge molds in which flexural tensile cracking occurs or load capacity must be enhanced, At least one intermediate support bracket fixedly installed at a middle portion of the lower surface of the bridge mold; A fixing unit positioned non-fixedly in the vicinity of both ends of the bridge mold to connect and tension the steel wire; A steel wire installed to surround the mold through the intermediate support bracket and the fixing unit; And Repairing and reinforcing the bridge of the bridge, characterized in that it comprises a convex gap between the contact surface of the steel wire and the both ends of the mold and the middle support bracket and the lower surface of the mold in order to solve the stress concentration phenomenon caused by the tension of the steel wire Device. The method of claim 4, wherein the gap material is made of a high-strength high-elastic material, the space between the steel wire and the mold and the space between the intermediate support bracket and the mold is filled with high elastic rubber, or at the same time employing them Repair device for bridge molds.

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