KR100243037B1 - The method of fabricating a liquid crystal cell - Google Patents

The method of fabricating a liquid crystal cell Download PDF

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KR100243037B1
KR100243037B1 KR1019970050497A KR19970050497A KR100243037B1 KR 100243037 B1 KR100243037 B1 KR 100243037B1 KR 1019970050497 A KR1019970050497 A KR 1019970050497A KR 19970050497 A KR19970050497 A KR 19970050497A KR 100243037 B1 KR100243037 B1 KR 100243037B1
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liquid crystal
crystal cell
substrate
heat
room temperature
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KR1019970050497A
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KR19990027966A (en
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권영완
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구본준
엘지.필립스 엘시디주식회사
론 위라하디락사
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
    • G02F1/13725—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on guest-host interaction
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
    • G02F1/139—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on orientation effects in which the liquid crystal remains transparent
    • G02F1/1391—Bistable or multi-stable liquid crystal cells
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
    • G02F1/139—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on orientation effects in which the liquid crystal remains transparent
    • G02F1/1393—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on orientation effects in which the liquid crystal remains transparent the birefringence of the liquid crystal being electrically controlled, e.g. ECB-, DAP-, HAN-, PI-LC cells

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal (AREA)

Abstract

본 발명은 러빙처리 되지 않은 배향막을 도포한 제1기판 및 제2기판을 준비하는 단계와, 상기 제1기판 및 제2기판을 합착하여 액정패널을 형성하는 단계와, 상온에서 상기 액정패널 안으로 액정을 주입하는 단계와, 상기 액정패널에 열처리를 한 후 천천히 냉각하는 단계로 이루어진 a-N*-게스트 호스트(amorphous chiral nematic guest host) 액정셀의 제조방법이다.The present invention comprises the steps of preparing a first substrate and a second substrate coated with a non-rubbing alignment film, forming a liquid crystal panel by bonding the first substrate and the second substrate, the liquid crystal into the liquid crystal panel at room temperature The method of manufacturing a liquid crystal cell aN * -Guest host (Amorphous chiral nematic guest host) consisting of a step of injecting, and slowly cooling after heat-treating the liquid crystal panel.

Description

액정셀 제조방법Liquid Crystal Cell Manufacturing Method

본 발명은 액정셀의 제조방법에 관한 것으로, 특히 GH(Guest Host)모드 액정표시소자의 히스테리시스(hysteresis)를 감소시킨 아모포스-카이랄네마틱 게스트호스트(a-N*-GH, amorphous chiral nematic guest host) 액정셀의 제조방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention with reduced, in particular GH (Guest Host) mode hysteresis (hysteresis) of the liquid crystal display element as a method of manufacturing a liquid crystal cell, amorphous-chiral nematic guest host (aN * -GH, amorphous chiral nematic guest host ) Relates to a method for producing a liquid crystal cell.

액정표시소자는 백라이트를 이용한 투과형 액정표시소자와, 외부의 광원을 이용한 반사형 액정표시소자로 구분할 수 있는데, 근래에는 소비전력이 작고 휴대하기에 적합한 반사형 액정표시소자에 대한 관심이 증가하고 있다. 반사형 액정표시소자는 반사율의 증가를 위하여 편광판을 사용하지 않는 W＆T-GH( White ＆ Taylor Guest Host)액정셀을 이용하는데, W＆T-GH 액정셀의 히스테리시스(hysteresis)가 반사형 액정표시소자의 계조표시(Gray Level) 구동에 걸림돌이 되고 있다.The liquid crystal display device can be classified into a transmissive liquid crystal display device using a backlight and a reflective liquid crystal display device using an external light source. Recently, there has been a growing interest in reflective liquid crystal display devices having low power consumption and suitable for carrying. . The reflective liquid crystal display device uses a W & T-GH (White & Taylor Guest Host) liquid crystal cell that does not use a polarizing plate to increase the reflectance. It is an obstacle to driving the gray level.

도 1은 액정을 고온에서 주입하여 히스테리시스를 감소시킨 a-N*-GH 액정셀의 제조방법을 나타내는 도면으로서, 도 1a와 같이 러빙처리 되지 않은 배향막(3)을 도포한 제1기판(1) 및 제2기판(2)을 합착하여 액정셀(5)을 형성한 후, 도 1b에 도시하듯이 Tni(nematic-isotropic phase transition temperature, 네마틱-등방성 상전이온도) 이상에서, 카이랄도판트(chiral dopant) 및 이색성 색소(dichroic dye)가 첨가된 네마틱액정을 액정주입구(4)를 통하여 액정셀(5) 안으로 주입한다. 계속해서, 도 1c에 도시하듯이 상기 액정셀을 상온으로 천천히 냉각하여 a-N*-GH 액정셀을 형성한다. 상기 제조방법으로 형성된 a-N*-GH 액정셀은 상온에서 네마틱상(nematic phase) 액정을 주입하는 W＆T-GH 액정셀과 달리, 고온에서 등방성상(isotropic phase) 액정이 주입되기 때문에 메모리효과(memory effect)에 따른 불 균일한 시야각 특성이 없고, 히스테리시스가 감소되는 장점이 있다. 도 2는 W＆T-GH 액정셀(도 2a)과 a-N*-GH액정셀(도 2b)의 구동전압에 따른 반사율을 도시한 것으로서, W＆T-GH 액정셀에서 나타나는 히스테리시스가 a-N*-GH 액정셀에서는 현저하게 줄어듦을 볼 수 있다.FIG. 1 is a view illustrating a method of manufacturing an aN * -GH liquid crystal cell in which hysteresis is reduced by injecting a liquid crystal at a high temperature, and the first substrate 1 and the first substrate 1 coated with an unrubbed alignment layer 3 as shown in FIG. 1A. After the two substrates 2 are bonded together to form the liquid crystal cell 5, a chiral dopant (chiral) is shown above T ni (nematic-isotropic phase transition temperature) as shown in FIG. 1B. A nematic liquid crystal containing dopant and a dichroic dye is injected into the liquid crystal cell 5 through the liquid crystal inlet 4. Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 1C, the liquid crystal cell is slowly cooled to room temperature to form an aN * -GH liquid crystal cell. Unlike the W & T-GH liquid crystal cell which injects the nematic phase liquid crystal at room temperature, the aN * -GH liquid crystal cell formed by the above manufacturing method has a memory effect because the liquid crystal is injected in an isotropic phase at high temperature. There is no non-uniform viewing angle characteristic according to), there is an advantage that the hysteresis is reduced. FIG. 2 illustrates reflectance according to driving voltages of the W & T-GH liquid crystal cell (FIG. 2A) and the aN * -GH liquid crystal cell (FIG. 2B), and the hysteresis of the W & T-GH liquid crystal cell is shown in the aN * -GH liquid crystal cell. It can be seen that it is markedly reduced.

상기 제조방법으로 형성된 a-N*-GH 액정셀은 히스테리시스가 제거되어 계조표시(gray level)구동이 가능하다는 장점이 있지만, 고온주입에 따른 액정/색소분자의 휘발 및 변성 가능성이 있고, 복잡한 구조의 고온주입장치가 필요하다는 단점이 있다.The aN * -GH liquid crystal cell formed by the manufacturing method has the advantage that hysteresis is removed and gray level driving is possible, but there is a possibility of volatilization and denaturation of liquid crystal / pigment molecules due to high temperature injection, and high temperature of complex structure The disadvantage is that an injection device is required.

본 발명은 액정의 고온주입에 따른 상기 문제점을 감안하여, 액정의 상온주입에 의해 a-N*-GH 액정셀을 제조하는 것을 목적으로 한다.In view of the above problems caused by high temperature injection of liquid crystals, an object of the present invention is to manufacture an aN * -GH liquid crystal cell by room temperature injection of liquid crystals.

상기한 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명에 따른 a-N*-GH 액정셀의 제조방법은 러빙처리 되지 않은 배향막을 도포한 제1기판 및 제2기판을 준비하는 단계와, 상기 제1기판 및 제2기판을 합착하여 액정셀을 형성하는 단계와, 상온에서 상기 액정셀 안으로 액정을 주입하는 단계와, 상기 액정셀의 온도를 Tni이상에서 열처리하는 단계와, 상기 액정셀의 온도를 상온까지 내리는 단계로 이루어진다.In order to achieve the above object, a method of manufacturing an aN * -GH liquid crystal cell according to the present invention includes the steps of preparing a first substrate and a second substrate coated with a non-rubbing alignment layer, and the first and second substrates. Forming a liquid crystal cell, injecting a liquid crystal into the liquid crystal cell at room temperature, heat-treating the temperature of the liquid crystal cell above T ni , and lowering the temperature of the liquid crystal cell to room temperature. Is done.

본 발명에 따른 a-N*-GH모드 액정셀은 균일한 시야각특성을 갖고 히스테리시스가 감소될 뿐만 아니라, 액정을 상온에서 주입하기 때문에 액정분자 및 색소분자의 휘발 및 변성 가능성이 없으며, 고온주입장치가 필요 없다는 장점이 있다.The aN * -GH mode liquid crystal cell according to the present invention not only has a uniform viewing angle characteristic and reduces hysteresis, but also injects liquid crystal at room temperature, thereby eliminating the volatilization and denaturation of liquid crystal molecules and pigment molecules, and requires a high temperature injection device. There is no advantage.

도 1은, 종래의 a-N*-GH 액정셀 제조방법을 나타낸 도면.1 is a view showing a conventional aN * -GH liquid crystal cell manufacturing method.

도 2는, W＆T-GH 액정셀(도 2a)과 a-N*-GH 액정셀(도 2b)의 구동전압에 따른 반사율 그래프.2 is a reflectance graph according to the driving voltages of the W & T-GH liquid crystal cell (FIG. 2A) and the aN * -GH liquid crystal cell (FIG. 2B).

도 3은, 본 발명에 따른 a-N*-GH 액정셀 제조방법을 나타낸 도면.3 is a view showing a method for producing an aN * -GH liquid crystal cell according to the present invention.

도 4a는, 히스테리시스율의 정의를 나타낸 도면.4A is a diagram showing a definition of a hysteresis rate.

도 4b∼도 4c는, 종래의 a-N*-GH 액정셀(도 4b) 및 본 발명에 따른 a-N*-GH 액정셀(도 4c)의 히스테리시스율을 나타낸 그래프.4B to 4C are graphs showing the hysteresis rate of the conventional aN * -GH liquid crystal cell (FIG. 4B) and the aN * -GH liquid crystal cell (FIG. 4C) according to the present invention.

-도면의 주요 부분에 대한 부호의 설명-Explanation of symbols on main parts of drawing

10 : 제1기판 11 : 제2기판10: first substrate 11: second substrate

12 : 배향막 13 : 액정주입구12 alignment film 13 liquid crystal inlet

14 : 액정셀14: liquid crystal cell

이하 첨부한 도면을 참조하여 본 발명에 따른 a-N*-GH 액정셀의 제조방법을 상세히 설명한다.Hereinafter, a method of manufacturing an aN * -GH liquid crystal cell according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

우선, 도 3a에 도시하듯이 제1기판(10) 및 제2기판에 러빙처리 안된 배향막[SE-7492](12)을 도포한 후 합착하여 속이 빈 액정셀(14)을 형성한다. 이어서, 도 3b에 도시하듯이 이색성 색소(S-428, 1.5 wt%)와, 카이랄도판트가 첨가된 네마틱액정을 상온에서 진공주입 한 후 액정주입구(13)를 봉한다. 여기에서, 상기 카이랄도판트의 농도를 조절하여 액정의 트위스트각(twist angle)이 300o가 되도록 한다. 계속해서, 도 3c에 도시하듯이 상기 액정셀을 Tni(79℃) 보다 10℃도 높은 온도에서 열처리하여 액정이 등방성상이 되도록 한다. 이 때, 액정주입구(13)를 봉한 상태에서 액정셀(14)에 열을 가하기 때문에 액정분자와 이색성 색소가 열분해되거나 휘발되지 않는다. 이어서, 도 3d에 도시하듯이 상기 액정셀의 온도를 -0.5℃/min 의 비율로 상온까지 냉각하여 a-N*-GH 액정셀을 형성한다. 여기에서 주의할 점은 냉각속도를 느리게 할수록 더 효과적인 a-N*-GH 액정셀이 형성되며, 액정주입 후 열처리가 늦어지면 메모리효과가 증가하며 이를 막기 위해서는 더 높은 온도에서 열처리를 해야 한다.First, as shown in FIG. 3A, an unrubbed alignment film [SE-7492] 12 is applied to the first substrate 10 and the second substrate, and then bonded to form a hollow liquid crystal cell 14. Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 3B, the nematic liquid crystal in which the dichroic dye (S-428, 1.5 wt%) and the chiral dopant is added is vacuum-injected at room temperature, and then the liquid crystal injection hole 13 is sealed. Here, the concentration of the chiral dopant is adjusted so that the twist angle of the liquid crystal is 300 o . Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 3C, the liquid crystal cell is heat-treated at a temperature 10 ° C. higher than T ni (79 ° C.) so that the liquid crystal becomes an isotropic phase. At this time, since heat is applied to the liquid crystal cell 14 in the state in which the liquid crystal injection hole 13 is sealed, the liquid crystal molecules and the dichroic dye are not thermally decomposed or volatilized. Subsequently, as illustrated in FIG. 3D, the temperature of the liquid crystal cell is cooled to room temperature at a rate of −0.5 ° C./min to form an aN * -GH liquid crystal cell. It should be noted that the slower the cooling rate, the more effective aN * -GH liquid crystal cell is formed, and when the heat treatment is delayed after the liquid crystal injection, the memory effect increases.

도 4a은 히스테리시스율(%)=

Figure 1019970050497_B1_M0001
을 정의하기 위한 그래프이며, 도 4b ∼ 도 4c는 고온주입에 의해 형성된 a-N*-GH 액정셀(도 4b)과, 본 발명에 의해 형성된 a-N*-GH 액정셀(도 4c)의 히스테리시스율(%)을 도시한 것으로서, 냉각속도에 따라 실선(-0.1℃/min)과 점선(-10℃/min)으로 나타내었다. 도면에 나타난 바와 같이, 냉각속도를 줄이면 히스테리시스율을 감소시킬 수 있고, 본 발명에 의해, 고온주입을 하지 않고도 열처리와 냉각속도를 조절하여 히스테리시스가 감소한 a-N*-GH 액정셀을 제조할 수 있다.4A shows the hysteresis rate (%) =
Figure 1019970050497_B1_M0001
 The graph for defining, Figure 4b ~ 4c is the hysteresis rate of aN * -GH liquid crystal cell (Fig. 4b) and, aN * -GH liquid crystal cell (Fig. 4c) formed by the present invention is formed by high temperature injection (% ) Is shown as a solid line (-0.1 ° C / min) and a dotted line (-10 ° C / min) depending on the cooling rate. As shown in the figure, reducing the cooling rate can reduce the hysteresis rate, by the present invention, it is possible to manufacture aN * -GH liquid crystal cell by reducing the hysteresis by controlling the heat treatment and cooling rate without high temperature injection.

본 발명에 따른 a-N*-GH 액정셀 제조방법은 종래의 a-N*-GH 액정셀 제조방법과 달리 고온주입에 의한 액정분자와 색소분자의 열분해 및 휘발 가능성이 없으며, 복잡한 구조의 고온주입장치가 필요 없다는 장점이 있다.Unlike the conventional aN * -GH liquid crystal cell manufacturing method, the aN * -GH liquid crystal cell manufacturing method according to the present invention has no possibility of thermal decomposition and volatilization of liquid crystal molecules and pigment molecules by high temperature injection, and requires a high temperature injection apparatus having a complicated structure. There is no advantage.

Claims (5)

배향막이 도포된 제1기판 및 제2기판을 준비하는 단계와,Preparing a first substrate and a second substrate coated with an alignment layer; 상기 제1기판과 상기 제2기판을 합착하여 액정패널을 형성하는 단계와,Bonding the first substrate and the second substrate to form a liquid crystal panel; 상온에서 카이랄도판트(chiral dopant)가 첨가된 액정을 상기 액정패널 안으로 주입하여 액정셀을 형성하는 단계와,Injecting a liquid crystal containing chiral dopant into the liquid crystal panel at room temperature to form a liquid crystal cell; 상기 액정셀을 네마틱-등방성 상전이온도(nematic-isotropic phase transition temperature)이상에서 열처리하는 단계와,Heat-treating the liquid crystal cell above a nematic-isotropic phase transition temperature; 상기 열처리된 액정셀을 상온까지 냉각하는 단계로 구성된 액정셀 제조방법.The liquid crystal cell manufacturing method comprising the step of cooling the heat-treated liquid crystal cell to room temperature. 제1항에 있어서, 상기 액정이 이색성 색소(dichroic dye)가 첨가된 것을 특징으로 하는 액정셀 제조방법.The liquid crystal cell manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein the liquid crystal is added with a dichroic dye. 제1항에 있어서, 상기 열처리하는 온도가 상기 상전이 온도 보다 10℃ 이상임을 특징으로 하는 액정셀 제조방법.The method of claim 1, wherein the heat treatment temperature is 10 ° C. or more than the phase transition temperature. 제1항에 있어서, 상기 열처리된 액정셀을 -0.5℃/분(냉각속도) 보다 느리게 냉각하는 것을 특징으로 하는 액정셀 제조방법.The method of claim 1, wherein the heat-treated liquid crystal cell is cooled slower than −0.5 ° C./minute (cooling rate). 제1항에 있어서, 상기 액정이 카이랄도판트와 이색성 색소가 첨가된 네마틱액정임을 특징으로 하는 액정셀 제조방법.The method of claim 1, wherein the liquid crystal is a nematic liquid crystal to which a chiral dopant and a dichroic dye are added.
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