KR100238690B1 - Illumination control device - Google Patents

Abstract

The daylight sensor is arranged in such a way that a predetermined number of photodetector elements A are disposed so as not to be exposed to direct sunlight when there is direct sunlight, and the remaining photodetector elements B are arranged to detect direct sunlight. It includes a plurality of photodetectors, characterized in that the presence of direct sunlight according to the difference between the signals obtained from the photodetectors.

Description

Lighting controller

1 is a block diagram of a lighting control device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a configuration diagram of an example of a daylight sensor used in the lighting control device.

3 is a configuration diagram of another example of the daylight sensor used in the lighting control device.

Figure 4 shows the change over time of the output signal from the daylight sensor used in the lighting control device.

5 is a configuration diagram of another example of the daylight sensor used in the lighting control device.

6 is a block diagram of an example of the shade control signal processing circuit.

7 is a block diagram of another example of the shade control signal processing circuit.

8 is a block diagram of another example of the shade control signal processing circuit.

9 is a block diagram of an example of a signal processing circuit of the lighting control device.

10 is a block diagram of a lighting control device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

11 is a diagram showing a relationship between a near-infrared sensor residual pressure value and an illuminance value of a lighting control device.

12 is a block diagram of an example of a signal processing circuit of the lighting control device.

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing the relationship between the illuminance value and the light control amount from the near infrared sensor. FIG.

14 is a diagram showing the relationship between the illuminance value and the light control amount from the near infrared sensor.

FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a relationship between an output signal from a near infrared sensor and an indoor illuminance setting level. FIG.

FIG. 16 is a diagram showing a relationship between an illuminance signal from a near infrared sensor and a light control amount. FIG.

17 is a block diagram of an example of a signal processing circuit of the lighting control device.

18 is a diagram showing a relationship between an illuminance signal and a control signal;

19 is a diagram showing signal processing in a conventional lighting control apparatus.

<Explanation of symbols for main parts of drawing>

1: daylight sensor 2: window

3: direct sunlight 4: lighting fixtures

5: Light load control terminal 6: Indoor

7: motor control terminal 8: shade

9 control unit 10 photodetector

11: antireflection plate 12: highest level detection means

13: lowest level detecting means 14: direct light detecting means

15 shading control means 16 solar position determination means

18: incident illuminance detection means 19: scattered light illuminance calculation means

20: direct light illuminance calculation means 21: slat angle determination means

23: indoor illuminance distribution determination means 24: light control level determination means

[Background of invention]

[Field of Invention]

The present invention detects the presence of direct sunlight in the daylight, or by separately detecting the indoor lighting source into daylight and artificial light, to control the elevation operation of the window shade, adjust the slat angle of the shade, the lighting load of the artificial light By controlling the lighting, the artificial light is turned on or off according to the daylight enters the room, or the amount of artificial light is adjusted so that the occupants do not feel glare due to the direct sunlight incident through the window to maintain a comfortable indoor environment as well as a lighting device. It relates to a lighting control device that can reduce the power consumption of the.

[Description of the Prior Art]

In the prior art, for example, by controlling the opening and closing of the sunshade installed in the window to adjust the amount of daylight entering the room through the window, and thus to maintain the illuminance of the room, for example, the illuminance on the desk surface above or below a predetermined value There is proposed a lighting control device for controlling the.

19 is a schematic diagram showing the conventional lighting control device, wherein the photoelectric conversion element (the upper surface of which is a light receiving surface) installed at a predetermined position in the box 42 having an open end and imitating the indoor environment in which illuminance is to be measured 43 A daylight sensor consisting of) is used, and the sensor measures the illuminance of daylight including direct sunlight and scattered light incident through the window, and controls the illumination load through the photosensitive member according to the measured illuminance.

However, in the conventional lighting control device, the daylight sensor detects the sunlight illuminance level without distinguishing the scattered light from the direct light, and controls the opening of the shade by comparing the detection level with the reference illuminance level. As a result, the illuminance level is not very high, such as on a cloudy day, but when there is direct sunlight, the daylight control device is opened according to the detected illuminance level, and direct directional light enters the room, resulting in inconvenience for the occupant due to the glare of the direct sunlight. The situation you feel can happen. Moreover, since the opening and closing operation of the sunshade is controlled only according to the fixed illuminance reference level, the reference level tended to be set to a value higher than necessary to minimize glare caused by direct sunlight.

In addition, the human eye has a function of adapting to the surrounding light environment, and the brightness of the object recognized by the human eye changes depending on the surrounding environment even when the illuminance of the object does not change. For example, the visibility of CRT screens varies greatly between day and night.

This phenomenon occurs because the sensitivity of the human eye changes depending on the surrounding light environment. Therefore, a problem arises in that the visibility cannot be maintained at a constant level only by controlling the illuminance and luminance of the visible object at a constant level.

Moreover, in the case of glare-controlled luminaires used in offices and the like recently, the brightness of the light source is reflected in the glare of the human eye or reflection on the CRT screen when viewed from the worker's normal seating position (from 60 ° to 85 ° from the vertical). 50 cm / m 2 or less in order to prevent glare or the like. This can lead to situations where workers do not know whether the lighting fixtures are on or off.

In such situations, office workers may feel anxious because they do not know the direction in which light is incident. Moreover, when natural light is incident, light is also distributed to the ceiling surface, but when natural light is not incident and only turned on by the glare-controlled luminaire, the light is not distributed to the ceiling surface and the ceiling surface becomes dark. It gets dark and the visible environment gets worse.

[Overview of invention]

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to give illuminance to the work surface to maintain visibility at an almost constant level without the glare of direct sunlight coming through the window, and also to give a bright and lively atmosphere throughout the room, and at the same time lighting It is to provide a lighting control device that can reduce the power consumption of the device.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention detects the ratio of the direct light amount and the scattered light amount to provide the presence or absence of direct sunlight and vertical roughness to control the shade and lighting load, and also separately detect the indoor light source by daylight and artificial light It provides lighting control device that can control the lighting load considering human psychological state and human eye adaptation function to create pleasant indoor environment and reduce power consumption of lighting equipment.

The first means of the present invention for achieving the above object is provided at a position capable of detecting direct sunlight, the output signal level from the surface exposed to direct sunlight and the output signal from the surface not exposed to direct sunlight It is a daylight sensor that can detect the presence of direct sunlight according to the difference between the levels.

The second means of the present invention for achieving the above object is the direct sunlight and the scattered sunlight according to the signal from the plane where the direct sunlight and scattered sunlight is incident and the signal from the plane where only scattered sunlight is incident, as well as the amount of direct sunlight It is a daylight sensor that can detect the presence or absence.

A third means of the present invention for achieving the above object is to control the lifting operation of the shade according to the direct sunlight presence or absence detection signal supplied from the daylight sensor.

Fourth means of the present invention for achieving the above object is the slat of the awning and the lifting operation of the awning according to the apparent position of the sun calculated according to the longitude, latitude, time and date and the direct sunlight presence detection signal supplied from the sun sensor To control the angle.

A fifth means of the present invention for achieving the above object is the shade by calculating the brightness on the sunshade from the apparent position of the sun calculated by the longitude, latitude, time and date and the amount of direct sunlight and scattered sunlight from the sun sensor The shade is controlled so that the luminance on the surface is controlled to be equal to or less than a predetermined value.

The sixth means of the present invention for achieving the above object is to shade the sun from the apparent position of the sun, the shaded slat angle signal, and the amount of direct sunlight and scattered sunlight from the sun sensor, calculated according to longitude, latitude, time and date. The lighting load is controlled so that the indoor illuminance is maintained at a predetermined level by calculating the indoor illuminance distribution by the incident daylight.

A seventh means of the present invention for achieving the above object is provided by daylight only with or without fluorescent lamp illumination using a photodetector having sensitivity in the near-infrared region within the range of daylight wavelength but outside the fluorescent lamp wavelength range. The illuminance can be calculated.

An eighth means of the present invention for achieving the above object is to use a photoelectric detection device having a sensitivity in the near-infrared region and the illuminance provided by both daylight and fluorescent lamp illumination using a photoelectric detection device having a sensitivity in the visible region The illuminance provided by daylight alone can be calculated to calculate the illuminance provided only by fluorescent lamp illumination in a room where daylight is incident.

A ninth means of the present invention for achieving the above object is to calculate the illuminance by daylight only by using a photodetector having a sensitivity in the near infrared region and to control the illumination load by comparing it with the indoor illuminance setting level.

The tenth means of the present invention for achieving the above object is to calculate the illuminance provided by the daylight and the illuminance provided by the fluorescent lamp illumination to calculate the indoor illuminance distribution according to the light distribution characteristics of the two light sources and then the indoor illuminance distribution. Calculate the brightness from the control the lighting load to maintain the brightness at a constant level.

An eleventh means for achieving the above object is to calculate the background illuminance and luminance of the luminaire using the daylight sensor and the room light sensor, and according to the background illuminance and the luminance of the luminaire, the light emitting unit has a luminance and a size within a predetermined range. Controls the lighting load of sparkle luminaires to improve brightness to suit the indoor environment.

A twelfth means for achieving the above object is to compare the illuminant structure in the absence of daylight with the signals from the illuminance set level in the absence of daylight according to the two signals of illuminance and illuminator structure diagram from the indoor light sensor. Deterioration is detected and the light control signal of the luminaire is corrected.

The thirteenth means for achieving the above object is to control the shade according to the direct sunlight detection signal from the room light sensor and the signals indicating the amount of direct sunlight and scattered sunlight in the room where the shade is installed, The lighting load is controlled in accordance with the signals from the indoor light sensor indicating to realize an appropriately controlled indoor lighting environment.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

EXAMPLE

Example 1

1 is a block diagram of a lighting control device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. In the drawings, reference numeral 1 denotes a daylight sensor, 2 a window, 3 a direct light, 4 a luminaire, 5 a light load control terminal, 6 a room, 7 a motor control terminal, 8 a shade, 9 a main control board or It is a control unit like a computer.

2 shows the configuration of the daylight sensor used in the lighting control device. In FIG. 2, reference numeral 10 denotes three photodetector elements, which are provided near the window to detect direct sunlight. Two of these photodetection elements installed near the window are installed perpendicular to the window 2 and their light receiving surfaces face each other, and the third is installed perpendicular to the two detection elements. The light-receiving surface is facing the sky, so that at least one detection element is not exposed to direct sunlight at any time between sunrise and sunset.

In addition, reference numeral 11 denotes an antireflection plate made of a low reflectance material which can eliminate the influence of light reflected from the room and from the window frame. You may comprise this anti-reflective plate in the method of adding.

FIG. 4 shows the change over time of the output signal generated by voltage or current from photodetector elements 10a to 10c installed in three yarns with a view of the hexahedron sky as shown in FIG. It is. In the graph shown in FIG. 3, in the morning time, the direct sunlight 3 falls on the photodetector 10a but does not fall on the photodetector 10c.

The output signal can be reduced as the amount of light increases.

As used herein, the term direct sunlight refers to sunlight that reaches the ground directly without being absorbed or scattered by air particles, moisture, water vapor, etc. contained in the atmosphere, and the term scattered light refers to all directions through the atmosphere. It refers to sunlight that is scattered from and reaches the ground from all directions regardless of the sun's direction.

The intensity of these two types of light measured from the ground varies depending on the absorption and scattering characteristics of the atmosphere, the position of the sun in the sky, and the direction of the light receiving surface, and the amount of light reaching the specific surface varies greatly between these two types of light. This is because direct light is directional, while scattered light has diffusivity. More specifically, direct light is obtained only on the surface where the sun is visible, so measurements vary greatly depending on the direction of the surface, while scattered light is obtained on all surfaces where the sky can be seen, although it depends on the size of the sky seen from the surface. The dependence of the measurements is relatively small.

As described above, sunlight is roughly classified into direct sunlight and scattered light, and direct sunlight having high directivity causes glare. Therefore, it is desirable to reduce this amount of direct sunlight when bringing sunlight into the room.

5 is a block diagram of a daylight sensor for separately detecting the amount of direct light and scattered light in the daylight entering the window. The photodetector elements 10a to 10d are provided on four surfaces of which the sky is visible from the hexahedron, of which the detection element 10d is for detecting illuminance on the window surface.

If the brightness of the sky is assumed to be uniform, the amount of scattered light falling on each side is proportional to the solid angle of the sky on that side. Therefore, the amount of scattered light falling on the surface of the detection elements 10a to 10d, which is not exposed to direct sunlight, is calculated by correcting the stereoscopic angle as the amount of scattered light received by the vertical plane, and calculating the difference between the amount of light on the vertical plane and the amount of scattered light. Find the amount of direct sunlight falling on the vertical plane.

6 is a block diagram showing an example of a signal processing circuit in the shade control apparatus. The same reference numerals are used for the same components as in FIG. Reference numeral 11 denotes an AD converter and 12 denotes a highest level detecting means, and the highest signal is obtained from a plurality of signals output from the AD converter 12. 13 is the lowest level detecting means, and obtains the lowest signal from the plurality of signals output from the AD converter 11. Reference numeral 14 denotes direct sunlight detecting means, which detects the presence or absence of direct sunlight depending on the difference between the output signal level of the highest level detecting means 12 and the output signal level of the lowest level detecting means 13. 15 is a shade control means, which supplies a signal for controlling the lifting operation of the shade to the motor 7 according to the signal supplied from the direct light detection means 14.

7 is a block diagram showing a second example of a signal processing circuit in the shade control apparatus. In Fig. 7, reference numeral 16 denotes position determination means for determining the position of the sun according to the longitude, latitude, time and date. Reference numeral 17 denotes a shade control means for supplying a signal to the motor to control the slat angle of the shade under the sun lift operation according to the position of the sun supplied from the direct light detection means 14 and the position determination means 16. . In this example, the slat angle is controlled according to the position of the sun to prevent direct sunlight from entering the room.

8 is a block showing the third example of the signal processing circuit in the shade control apparatus. In Fig. 8, reference numeral 18 denotes the incident illuminance detecting means, which detects the vertical illuminance from the signal supplied from the photodetecting element 10d provided on the vertical plane. 19 is the scattered light intensity calculating means, and calculates the amount of scattered light falling on the vertical plane from the signal supplied from the lowest level detecting means 13. Denoted at 20 is a direct light illuminance calculating means, and calculates a difference between the vertical surface illuminance supplied from the incident illuminance detecting means 18 and the scattered light vertical illuminance supplied from the scattered light illuminance calculating means 19 to obtain the direct illuminance on the vertical plane. 21 denotes a slat angle determining means on the surface of the sun from the position of the sun supplied from the position determining means 16, the scattered light illuminance supplied from the scattered light illuminance calculating means 19, and the direct light illuminance supplied from the direct light illuminance calculating means 20. The slat angle is determined in order to calculate the luminance and control the luminance on the shade surface to be less than or equal to a predetermined value. Reference numeral 22 denotes a shade control means, which controls the lifting operation of the shade as well as the slat angle of the shade according to the slat angle control signal supplied from the slat angle determination means 21 and the direct sunlight presence or absence signal supplied from the direct light detection means 14. To the motor.

9 is a block diagram showing an example of a signal processing circuit of an indoor lighting control device provided with a sunshade. In the drawing, reference numeral 23 denotes an indoor illuminance distribution determining means, the solar position supplied from the position determining means 16, the scattered light illuminance supplied from the scattered light illuminance calculating means 19, and the direct light supplied from the direct illuminance illuminating means 20. The illuminance distribution of the room is calculated from the slat angle control signal supplied from the illuminance and slat angle determination means 21. 24 denotes a light control level determining means, which determines whether the illumination load is on or off and calculates a light control command by comparing the indoor illuminance distribution signal supplied from the indoor illuminance distribution determining means 23 with the indoor illuminance setting level.

As described above, according to the embodiment of the present invention, the presence or absence of direct sunlight in the outside light is detected in order to reduce the amount of direct sunlight that has a high directivity causing glare to the occupants, and also according to the sun position in the sky Since the slat angle of the is controlled, it is possible to prevent as much sunlight as possible while preventing direct sunlight from entering the room.

Furthermore, by controlling the brightness on the sunshade to be below a predetermined value, glare caused by the high brightness of the sunshade can be reduced, and at the same time, the eye sensitivity of the occupant's eyes can be maintained at a predetermined level or more.

In addition, by combining the sunshade control with the illumination control, the external light can be used without causing inconvenience to the loser caused by glare, and the indoor illumination can be maintained at a substantially constant level, thereby realizing a comfortable visual environment.

Example 2

Hereinafter, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described.

10 is a block diagram of a lighting control device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

In FIG. 10, reference numeral 25 denotes a near infrared sensor having sensitivity in the near infrared region, 26 a visible light sensor having sensitivity in the visible region of the spectrum, 27 an indoor light sensor, 28 a human body sensor, 29 a control unit, 30 Is an AD converter, 31 is an ambient light control unit, 32 is a work light control unit, 33 is an ambient light, 34 is a work light, 35 is a shade, and 36 is a desk.

This work / ambient lighting method has attracted attention since the 1980s in the process of reviewing the overall lighting environment by using energy saving requests, improving the lighting environment, and individualizing the lighting system (adjustable lighting system according to the needs of a specific individual). Have been received.

In such an illumination system, a specific work surface (e.g., desk surface) is illuminated by a work light, and the surrounding area is illuminated by a light source having a brightness intensity of about 1/2 to 1/3 of the brightness of the work light. This is an economical lighting system compared to lighting systems designed to illuminate uniformly over the entire area.

The near-infrared sensor 25 of the indoor light sensor 27 useful in the above lighting system has a spectral region that does not include the dominant wavelength range (about 0.3 μm to 0.7 μm) of a fluorescent lamp which is widely used as an artificial light source in Japan. Sensitivity of about 0.7 μm to about 1.0 μm). The sensor can be easily implemented using a photodiode and a color filter that reflects shorter wavelengths than 0.7 μm and transmits longer wavelengths. Since the spectral component of sunlight exists in the range of 0.2-3.0 micrometers, it is possible to detect only natural light amount by detecting near-infrared rays.

11 is a diagram showing a relationship between an output voltage signal obtained from a near-infrared sensor measuring sunlight and an illuminance value measured by an illuminometer. As can be seen from the figure, there is a linear relationship between the illuminance value and the voltage value of the near infrared sensor. Therefore, it is possible to convert the output voltage value of the near-infrared sensor into the illuminance value and compare it with the indoor illuminance setting level.

Other artificial light sources include HID lamps or light bulbs, all of which emit light whose spectral components include wavelengths in the near infrared region. Therefore, it is impossible to distinguish between natural light and artificial light with the above-described configuration. However, in the case of a HID lamp operating at a commercial frequency or a high frequency, it is possible to remove AC light by passing an output signal of a near infrared sensor through a circuit having a time constant, and to detect only DC and natural light. However, in the case of a light bulb, natural light cannot be distinguished from artificial light by any of the above configurations. The lighting control device is therefore applicable to lamps other than light bulbs.

12 is a block diagram showing an example of a signal processing circuit in the lighting control device including the indoor light sensor described above. In FIG. 12, the same reference numerals are used for the same components as in FIG. Reference numeral 37 is a first light control determination unit, and 38 is a second light control determination unit.

FIG. 13 shows the change over time of the illuminance level output from the near-infrared sensor having sensitivity in the near-infrared region compared with the indoor illuminance setting level.

Curve "a" shows the illuminance level output from the near infrared sensor 25, and straight line "b" shows the room illuminance setting level. The difference between the straight line "b" and the curve "a" corresponds to the amount of ambient light control.

The first light control determination unit 37 converts the output voltage value of the near-infrared sensor having sensitivity in the near-infrared region into the illuminance value of daylight, calculates the difference between this and the room illuminance setting level, and calculates the illuminance value, and calculates the ambient light control amount (c). It also outputs a light control signal providing this illuminance value. Therefore, the lighting control unit 31 controls the lighting load for the ambient light from t0 to t1 and after t2, and the artificial illuminance is adjusted to control the illumination setting level required as the basic indoor lighting regardless of whether the personal work light is on or off. The lighting.

Work light can be freely adjusted according to the individual. However, in order to further improve economically, the lighting of the work lights should be switched on and off, and the work lights should be adjusted automatically.

In order to achieve this, the second light control determination unit 38 detects the presence or absence of a person from the output signal of the human body detection sensor, and controls the turning on and off of the work light in accordance with the detection result. This prevents power wastage even if a person forgets to turn off his work lights.

FIG. 14 shows a time-dependent change in the illuminance value output from the near-infrared sensor 25 having sensitivity in the near-infrared region when the amount of light from the sky changes rapidly. In FIG. 14, the same signals as in FIG. 13 are denoted by the same reference numerals. " d " represents the average value of the output signals of the near infrared sensor 25 during the predetermined period.

The first light control unit 37 calculates an average value d of the natural light amount for a predetermined period of time, and calculates the light control amount c according to the average value, and accordingly, the illumination control unit 31 controls the illumination load. Therefore, it is possible to minimize the change of artificial lighting caused by daylight change.

FIG. 15 shows the relationship between the output signal of the near-infrared sensor and the indoor illuminance setting level calculated by the first light control unit 37. FIG. FIG. 16 shows another reference numeral compared with FIG. 13, and the same reference numerals are used for the same signals as those of FIG. Here, "e" represents the indoor illuminance setting level determined in consideration of the adaptation function of the human eye.

Studies on the brightness that humans feel when they see an object have been done by many researchers, such as R. Hopkinson, S.S.Stenens, C.A.Padgham, and H.Hewitt. These studies show that brightness is determined by compliance and object luminance.

Scaling od Brightness of an Object Seen In Complex Luminance Field, M. Inohara, Publication CIE No. 56 (1983) E33 / 1).

Therefore, it is possible to provide an illumination environment in which the human judgment judges that the brightness is maintained at a substantially constant level by adjusting the interior illumination to maintain this value at a substantially constant level.

To this end, the indoor illuminance level should be set to be adjusted to the brightness of the window, wall, and ceiling that are considered to be the main ambient light sources in the office environment.

In the night time without natural light, artificial light is the only light source incident on these planes, so the eye's sensitivity is high even at a relatively low luminance, and a suitable and constant luminance level can be realized as a lower indoor luminance setting level than during the daytime.

On the other hand, in daytime, the brightness of the window, wall, and ceiling changes greatly depending on the natural light incident through the window, and therefore the compliance changes. To maintain the brightness at a constant level, daytime It is necessary to increase the room illuminance setting level for artificial light by an amount that increases the compliance of walls or other surfaces and decreases eye sensitivity.

In the related art, since the indoor illuminance setting level is determined in accordance with the state of daytime, illuminance more than necessary may be given during the daytime.

In the present embodiment, in consideration of the adaptation function of the human eye, by using a brightness meter (brightness meter) to make the brightness constant, while measuring the relationship between the ambient light setting level and the illumination value output from the near infrared sensor, As shown in FIG. 15, the indoor illuminance level during the daytime when a lot of natural light is incident is obtained from the indoor illuminance setting level during the night time without natural light.

The relationship is calculated in the first light control unit 37, and the illuminance amount is adjusted to match the curve " e " shown in FIG. Accordingly, it is possible to implement a visible environment in which the brightness is maintained at a constant level more economically than the light control according to the straight line "b" determined without considering the compliance function of the human eye.

In order to adjust the amount of work illumination, the work illumination setting level is determined by considering the adaptation effect of the combination of natural and artificial light from the output signal of the visible light sensor, and the second light control panel determines whether the work illumination is on or off. The light control amount is calculated according to the signals supplied from the visible light sensor 26 and the human body sensor 28 having sensitivity in the visible region, and the calculated light control signal is supplied to the working light control unit 32.

Unlike in the above case where artificial lighting hardly affects illuminance of walls and ceilings, in an indoor lighting environment where the walls and ceilings are sufficiently illuminated by artificial lighting, the first light control panel 37 is a The work illumination setting level is determined from the output of the visible light sensor having sensitivity in the visible region in consideration of the adaptation effect by the synthesis, and the indoor illumination setting level which is 1/2 to 1/3 of the work illumination level is obtained. Next, the light control amount is calculated by calculating the difference between the illumination signal output from the near infrared sensor 25 having sensitivity in the near infrared region and the indoor illuminance setting level, and the obtained light control signal is supplied to the ambient light control unit 31. do.

The second light control unit 32 receives a signal from the human body sensor 28 and the remaining light control amount from the first light control determination unit 37 to determine whether the work light is turned on or off, After the adjustment amount is calculated, the calculated light control signal is supplied to the work light control unit 32.

Therefore, the lighting control device provides an indoor visual environment in which the indoor illuminance is maintained at a constant level and the in-patients have almost constant visibility.

17 is a diagram showing a second example of the signal processing circuit in the lighting control device. The same reference numerals are used for the same components as in FIG.

In FIG. 17, reference numeral 39 is a third light control determination unit, 40 is a specific light control unit, and 41 is a lamp.

Recently, lighting fixtures used in offices are equipped with louvers on the lower surface to prevent reflected glare on the CRT screen. This configuration strictly limits the light distribution on the vertical surface under the luminaire to within 60 ° to adjust the brightness of the light source to 50 cd / m2 or less, as seen from the operator's normal seating position (from 60 ° to 85 ° information from the vertical plane). It is designed to. This may cause a situation in which an operator may feel anxiety because the operator does not know whether the lighting device is on or off and does not know the direction in which light is incident. Another problem is that the ceiling is darkened, making the entire interior look dim and worsening the visible environment.

To overcome these problems, certain luminaires have been devised. This particular lighting fixture has a light emitting part in which the external size (stereoscopic angle ω) and the luminance are within a range represented by the following expression (1).

3.3 log L -0.3 logω + 2.63 (1)

In the room illuminated with such a luminaire, the psychological brightness sensation was increased by 1.1 to 1.4 times as the illuminance ratio compared to the room illuminated with the conventional luminance control luminaire having a light source luminance controlled at 50 cd / m 2. This particular light creates a sparkling effect on the luminaire, and because of this sparkling phenomenon, the ceiling (background) does not appear dark even if the ceiling is not distributed. This prevents the visible environment from becoming dark and makes the interior look brighter.

A second example of the signal processing circuit shown in FIG. 17 relates to a method of controlling the specific lighting. This luminaire has little effect when natural light is incident and a sufficient amount of light is distributed over the entire ceiling surface.

Therefore, the third light control determination unit 39 operates the specific light or the like in accordance with the output signal from the near infrared sensor 25 having the sensitivity in the near infrared region and the luminance due to natural light (background) falls below a certain level. The ambient light level is detected from the output of the visible light sensor 26 having sensitivity in the visible region, for example, when the ambient light level is low, the illuminance is reduced, and when the ambient light level is high, the light intensity is increased. Adjust to suit sensitivity. According to this signal, the light control part 40 can adjust the specific light quantity, and can visually make the whole room look brighter without illuminating the specific light more than necessary.

Since the luminous flux decreases with time, the relationship between the illuminance value for determining the light control amount C and the light control signal is not constant.

18 shows the relationship between the illuminance output value from the luminaire and the light control signal. The luminous flux of the lamp decreases with time, and accordingly the relationship between the illuminance output value and the light control signal changes from (a) to (b). Therefore, when the output signal level of the near infrared sensor 25 is 0, the first light control unit 37 checks whether the illuminance level from the visible light sensor 26 has reached the indoor illuminance setting level C. . If the light control signal A cannot reach the indoor illuminance setting level C, the relationship is corrected from (a) to (b) to output the light control signal (B). Alternatively, such correction can be performed even when the work intensity control level from the second light control unit 38 is zero or only the ambient light is turned on at night once a month according to the time program.

In addition, when the lighting control device using the indoor light sensor of the present embodiment is provided with a shade control unit using a daylight sensor, the light change due to direct sunlight is insignificant and the slat angle roughness of the shade can be controlled to be below a predetermined value.

Therefore, it is possible to efficiently enter the daylight into the room without giving inconvenience to the occupants due to the high illumination and lowering the sensitivity of the occupants' eyes.

Since the sensitivity of the human eye changes in accordance with the ambient brightness, it decreases as the ambient brightness becomes brighter. Therefore, in order to make the visibility of the object constant, the luminance given to the object must increase as the brightness of the surrounding becomes brighter. Then, when daylight enters the room, shade control is needed to prevent too much illumination.

Furthermore, by using such shade control and light control with a sensor, the power consumption can be reduced, and the light can be maintained with good visibility because light control of the luminaire is performed so that the visibility is not below a certain level. The control device can be realized.

Claims (13)

At least three photoelectric conversion elements, one of the three elements being disposed perpendicular to the other two photoelectric conversion elements, wherein the photoelectric conversion elements have one direct light and one diffused light for one light source or the like; Maximum output detection means for arranging each other so that only diffused light reaches one of the other photoelectric conversion elements when reaching the photoelectric conversion element, and detecting the maximum output output from the photoelectric conversion element, and outputting from the photoelectric conversion element. A minimum output detection means for detecting a minimum output of power, and a direct light detection means for determining whether or not direct light exists based on a difference between an output of the maximum output detection means and an output of the minimum output detection means. Sunlight sensor. The method according to claim 1, wherein the amount of direct sunlight and diffused light of daylight is detected on the basis of a signal from the photoelectric conversion light receiving element on the surface where direct sunlight does not reach and a signal from the photoelectric conversion light receiving element on the surface where the direct sunlight arrives. Daylight sensor. A sunshade control device comprising the sun sensor as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the sunshade moves up and down according to the output of the sun sensor. A sunshade control comprising the daylight sensor as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the sunshade movement and the slat angle control of the sunshade are performed according to the position of the sun corresponding to the longitude, latitude, time and date. Device. 5. The solar system according to claim 4, comprising the sun sensor as claimed in claim 2, wherein the brightness of the sunshade is calculated from the position of the sun corresponding to the longitude, latitude, time and date and the output of the sunbeam sensor. A shade control device for controlling the shade angle of the shade so that the luminance becomes equal to or less than a predetermined value. A daylight sensor as claimed in claim 2, comprising: a sun position corresponding to longitude, latitude, time and date, illuminated by daylight incident through the shade from the sunbeam's output, sunshade elevation, and slat angle conditions The illuminance distribution of the indoor room is calculated, and the illuminance distribution is compared with the indoor illuminance setting level to determine whether the illumination lamp is on or off, and to determine the light control amount to control the lighting load. Calculating means for calculating an indoor illuminance distribution from the illuminance values, calculating a BRIGHTNESS of a specific object in the room from the illuminance distribution, and calculating a light control amount for the luminaire so that the brightness is kept below a predetermined level Lighting control device comprising a. 8. An illumination control apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the illuminance values are obtained from illuminance derived from the output of the indoor light sensor claimed in claim 10 and illuminance by fluorescent lamp illumination. (Formula) (1) {3.3 log L -0.3 logω + 2.63 ... (1)} includes a background illuminance or background luminance of the luminaire having a light emitting unit having a luminance and a size within a certain range, and according to the background illuminance and background luminance Indoor lighting control device, characterized in that the lighting load is controlled. Irrespective of fluorescent lamp illumination, fluorescent lamps can be used indoors, and includes an indoor light sensor that calculates illuminance by daylight only using a photodetector having sensitivity in the near-infrared region. In the lighting control device which compares daylight illumination with the indoor illumination setting level to determine whether the lamp is on or off, and determines the amount of light control to control the lighting load, the illumination of daylight and fluorescent lamp illumination has sensitivity in the visible region. It includes an indoor light sensor that is calculated by using a photodetector device, the illuminance calculated only by the fluorescent lamp illumination from the calculated illuminance and illuminance only by daylight, and in the absence of daylight And the relationship between the light control signals is corrected by comparing only the indoor light setting level and the fluorescent lamp light by using the output of the indoor light sensor. Irrespective of fluorescent lamp lighting, it may be used indoors where fluorescent lamps are used, and includes an indoor light sensor that calculates illuminance by daylight only by using a photodetector having sensitivity in the near-infrared region. In the lighting control device for controlling the lighting load by determining whether the lighting is on or off by comparing with the indoor illuminance setting level, the shade control device as claimed in any one of claims 3 to 5. And the shade is controlled in accordance with a signal from the daylight sensor, and the illumination load is controlled in accordance with a signal from the room light sensor. The illuminance according to claim 7 or 8 can be used indoors in which fluorescent lamps are used, with or without fluorescent lamp illumination, and the illuminance of only daylight is calculated using a photodetector having sensitivity in the near infrared region. And an illuminance by daylight and fluorescent lamp illumination is calculated using a photodetector having sensitivity in the visible region, and the illuminance by only fluorescent lamp illumination is calculated from the calculated illuminance and illuminance only by daylight. Including, but, in the absence of daylight, the relationship between the indoor illumination setting level and the light control signal for the luminaire is corrected by comparing only the indoor illumination setting level and the fluorescent lamp illumination using the output of the indoor light sensor. Lighting control device. 9. A sunshade control device as claimed in claim 7 or 8, comprising the sunshade control device as claimed in any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein the sunshade is controlled in accordance with a signal from the daylight sensor and the illumination load is in the room. Lighting control device characterized in that the control in accordance with the signal from the light sensor.