KR100238399B1 - Transformer of u.p.s - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a transformer of an uninterruptible power supply or an automatic voltage regulator, taking only the advantages of the conventional single winding type and double winding type, and configuring the voltage adjusting device in the form of a single winding transformer and installing an ambient voltage transformer, which is an insulation transformer or a shielding transformer, on the output side. By reducing or natural attenuating noise from the output side by reducing the interference to the input side, it operates smoothly without burdening circuits and power devices, greatly reducing device damage, etc. Not only can it greatly reduce the rating, but also the rating can be increased, and if there is severe power disturbance on the input side, a peripheral transformer, which is a shielding transformer, can be installed on the input side to shield malicious noise from entering the circuit. It can be very contributing.

Description

Transformer of uninterruptible power supply or automatic voltage regulator

The present invention relates to a transformer of an uninterruptible power supply or an automatic voltage regulator. The present invention relates to a fixed signal in a digital logic circuit when it is determined to be higher or lower than a allowable voltage by applying a deviation of an output voltage due to an input voltage variation or a load variation to a detection circuit. It is an electronic tap-changing type transformer that operates the power elements (Triac, SCR, etc.) connected to each transformer tap drawn from the excitation transformer and sends the output voltage within the specified voltage. The voltage regulator is a single winding transformer. By installing an isolation transformer or a peripheral transformer that is a shielded transformer on the output side, the noise that is fed back on the output side is reduced or naturally attenuated to reduce interference to the input side, without burdening circuits and power elements. It can operate smoothly and greatly reduce the damage of device and greatly reduce the frequency of failure. In addition, the rated voltage can be increased, and if there is severe power disturbance on the input side, a peripheral transformer, which is a shielding transformer, can be installed on the input side to shield malicious noise from entering the circuit, which can contribute to the stability of the circuit. A transformer of an uninterruptible power supply or an automatic voltage regulator.

A transformer is a device in which a primary coil and a secondary coil are wound on one soft iron, and alternating current is generated in the secondary coil by mutual induction. The induced electromotive force induced on the secondary side is 1 It is determined by the number of turns wound around the primary coil and the secondary coil, and is a phase perpendicular to the voltage corresponding to the current flowing through the coil, that is, the electron energy accumulated in the coil to generate a magnetic flux that bridges the coil when voltage is applied to the transformer coil. Exciting current, which is a vector sum of the magnetizing current representing and the loss current of the in-phase component corresponding to the loss of the transformer coil, is generated.

The important factor in the transformer is efficiency and rated capacity. Efficiency is the ratio of the output power factor to the input power factor, which is a percentage of the sum of the power factor and the loss factor to the output power factor, and the transformer rating is the specified voltage, current, frequency, As a guaranteed limit when used under power factor, rated capacity refers to the apparent power obtained between secondary terminals without exceeding the limit of temperature rise specified by rated secondary voltage, rated frequency, and rated power factor.

Types of transformers include single phase transformers, three phase transformers, single winding transformers, double winding transformers, and the like. Conventional electronic tap-changing double transformers are constituted by circuits shown in FIGS. 1 to 4. It was usual.

Dual transformers are typically a series transformer for determining and controlling an allowable range of an input voltage, an exciting transformer for controlling a voltage through an element by receiving an excitation voltage from the series transformer, and an excitation voltage and a potential. It consists of a main transformer that determines the capacity and input / output of the equipment.

1 is a circuit diagram showing a first embodiment of a conventional lottery-type transformer, in which a series transformer 10 T _r1 for controlling an input voltage is formed on an input side, and the primary side of the series transformer 10 T _r1 is an output side. Ground at one end of the primary side of the _peripheral transformer (30) T _r3 , one end of the secondary side of the series transformer (10) T _r1 is grounded at the primary side and the other end of the excitation transformer (20) T _r2 to the gate of the secondary side. And lead from the secondary side of excitation transformer 20 T _{r2 to} the primary side of _peripheral transformer 30 T _r3 , and ground G to the secondary output side of peripheral transformer 30 T _r3 , and natural N is constructed by grounding the other end of the primary side of the _{peripheral pressure} transformer 30 T _r3 .

In addition, the woman transformer 20 woman transformer 20, the primary side of the T _r2 and the secondary side is made a plurality of gate voltage-detecting sensor to compensate the input voltage level of the detected voltage by the (figure not shown) T _r2 The number of turns of the coil is selected to be switched by a switching element such as triac or thyristor, which is a switching element.

Input voltage V _in, serial transformer 10 the secondary side of T _r1 1 the number of turns of the secondary coil of the number of turns of the primary winding coil N _1, series transformer 10 T _r1 N _2, woman transformer (20), T _r2 of the number of turns of coil N _3, main transformer (30) T to N _5, the output voltage the number of turns of the secondary coil of the number of turns of the primary winding coil N _4, the main transformer (30) T _r3 V _out, the load variation of the _r3 and When the loss voltage by the transformer is V _loss and the compensation current compensated by mutual induction of the excitation transformer 20 T _r2 is V _com , the input voltage V _in is induced to the secondary side of the series transformer 10 T _r1 . Voltage to be.

Since the input voltage V _in flows through the wire and the loss voltage lost by the load fluctuation and transformer is V _loss , the voltage at the primary side of the _peripheral voltage transformer 30 T _r3 is V _in -V _loss .

On the other hand, the voltage induced on the secondary side of the series transformer 10 T _r1 Since the voltage and the amount of voltage to be compensated by the voltage detected by the voltage detection sensor (not shown) are judged, the voltage lost by the primary and secondary winding ratios of the switched excitation transformer 20 T _r2 is _determined . compensation compensation current V _com the main transformer 30 is transmitted to the primary side of the T _r3 voltage and the combined voltage is the main transformer 30 is transmitted from the value in series with the transformer (10) T _r1 is induced to the secondary side of T _r3 The final output voltage is output to V _out .

That is, in FIG. 1, the tap matching the potential with the excitation transformer 20 is drawn out from the primary side of the peripheral transformer 30, and the secondary voltage V _out -V _loss and the element of the peripheral voltage transformer 30, which is the target of the detection circuit. The potential of the excitation transformer 20 that controls the voltage is instantaneously varied by V _loss (irregularity depending on the load variation), so that the value indicated by the detection circuit and the value operated by the logic circuit differ by V _loss . If the load is too heavy and the impedance drop is severe, there is a problem such as destroying the power supply by causing malfunctions beyond the preset accuracy range. This is caused by.

2 is a circuit diagram showing a second embodiment of a conventional lottery-type transformer, in which a series transformer 10 T _r1 for controlling an input voltage is formed on an input side, and the primary side of the series transformer 10 T _r1 is an output side. Ground at one end of the primary side of the _peripheral transformer (30) T _r3 , and one end of the secondary side of the series transformer (10) T _r1 is grounded at the primary side and the other end of the excitation transformer (20) T _r2 to the gate of the secondary side. .

In addition, the lead is connected from the secondary side of the excitation transformer 20 T _{r2 to} the secondary side of the _peripheral voltage transformer 30 T _r3 , and the ground G is grounded to the secondary output side of the peripheral voltage transformer 30 T _r3 and is natural. N is constructed by grounding the other end of the primary side of the _{peripheral pressure} transformer 30 T _r3 .

In addition, as shown in FIG. 1, the primary side and the secondary side of the excitation transformer 20 T _r2 make a plurality of gates to compensate the voltage detected by the voltage detection sensor (not shown) to the input voltage level. ) The number of turns of the coil of T _r2 is selected to be switched by a switching element such as a triac or a thyristor.

Input voltage V _in, serial transformer 10 the secondary side of T _r1 1 the number of turns of the secondary coil of the number of turns of the primary winding coil N _1, series transformer 10 T _r1 N _2, woman transformer (20), T _r2 of the number of turns of coil N _3, main transformer (30) T to N _5, the output voltage the number of turns of the secondary coil of the number of turns of the primary winding coil N _4, the main transformer (30) T _r3 V _out, the load variation of the _r3 and When the loss voltage by the transformer is V _loss and the compensation current compensated by mutual induction of the excitation transformer 20 T _r2 is V _com , the input voltage V _in is induced to the secondary side of the series transformer 10 T _r1 . Voltage to be.

Since the input voltage V _in flows through the wire and the loss voltage lost by the load fluctuation and transformer is V _loss , the voltage at the primary side of the _peripheral voltage transformer 30 T _r3 is V _in -V _loss .

On the other hand, the voltage induced on the secondary side of the series transformer 10 T _r1 Since the voltage and the amount of voltage to be compensated by the voltage detected by the voltage detection sensor (not shown) are judged, the voltage lost by the primary and secondary winding ratios of the switched excitation transformer 20 T _r2 is _determined . Compensated and delivered to the secondary side of the _{peripheral pressure} transformer 30 T _r3 , and the compensation value V _com and the voltages of the secondary side induced by the primary side of the peripheral pressure transformer 30 T _r3 are summed to be finally output to the output voltage V _out . Will be.

That is, unlike FIG. 1, unlike FIG. 1, the tap matching the potential with the excitation transformer 20 is drawn out from the secondary side of the peripheral transformer, and the operation and the malfunction of the device are the same as those of FIG.

Accordingly, in the case of the lottery type as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the abnormal power supply between the primary side and the secondary side of the _peripheral voltage transformer 30 T _r3 is shielded by the natural attenuation phenomenon by the insulation transformer, thereby reducing interference. Although there is an advantage, due to the impedance drop phenomenon under the "L" or "C" load, the detection circuit and the power supply device may cross-talk and cause a malfunction (hunting phenomenon, etc.), thereby destroying the device. Most of the causes of failure of AC transformers are due to this reason, and they are 5 to 10 times higher than single winding transformers. In particular, when the triple shield (sheild) has a problem that the impedance drop phenomenon is too severe, there is a greater risk of malfunction.

The third turn as a type conventional autotransformer, the series transformer 10 which controls the input voltage V _in input from the power input unit (figure not shown), the input side T and _r1 are formed, the series transformer 10 T _r1 The primary side of the output side is grounded at one end of the secondary side of the excitation transformer 20 T _r2 which is the output side, and the secondary side of the series transformer 10 T _r1 is grounded at the primary side of the excitation transformer 20 T _r2 . The ground G and the natural N of the input side are grounded at the other end of the secondary side of the excitation transformer 20 T _r2 .

In the above, the primary side and the secondary side of the excitation transformer 20 T _r2 to make a plurality of gates to compensate the voltage detected by the voltage detection sensor (not shown) to the input voltage level of the excitation transformer 20 T The number of turns of the coil of _r2 is selected to be switched by a switching element such as a triac or a thyristor, which is a switching element.

Input voltage V _in, serial transformer 10 the secondary side of T _r1 1 the number of turns of the secondary coil of the number of turns of the primary winding coil N _1, series transformer 10 T _r1 N _2, woman transformer (20), T _r2 of When the number of turns of the coil is N ₃ , the output voltage is V _out , the loss voltage due to load variation is V _loss , and the compensation current compensated by mutual induction of the excitation transformer 20 T _r2 is V _com , the input voltage V _in The voltage induced on the secondary side of the series transformer 10 T _r1 by to be.

Since the input voltage V _in flows through the wire and the loss voltage lost due to the load fluctuation is V _loss , the voltage when reaching the secondary side of the excitation transformer 20 T _r2 is V _in -V _loss .

On the other hand, the voltage induced on the secondary side of the series transformer 10 T _r1 Therefore, the voltage is compensated by the voltage lost by the primary and secondary winding ratios of the excitation transformer 20 T _r2 switched by the voltage and the degree of the voltage to be compensated by the voltage sensed by the voltage detection sensor (not shown). Done.

If the primary and secondary turns of the switched excitation transformer 20 T _r2 are shown in FIG. In this case, the voltage induced on the secondary side of the excitation transformer 20 T _r2 is to be. This is the compensation voltage V _com for the lost voltage.

Therefore, finally, the voltage V _out outputted to the output side becomes V _in -V _loss + V _com , and the voltage is compensated almost to the level similar to the input voltage.

In this single winding type, the input voltage is transferred directly to the output side, so the voltage loss is very small.Therefore, there is little impedance drop due to the overload of the load. The circuit operates and the value of switching elements is almost the same, so it works smoothly because it does not affect the detection circuit and the power supply device. Since there is no natural decay of the abnormal power supply (Noise, Impulse) by the insulation transformer, the abnormal power generated at the input side is transferred to the output side as it is, and the abnormal power generated at the secondary side of the excitation transformer 20 T _r2 remains at the primary side. There was a problem such as being reversed and applied to the output side.

FIG. 4 illustrates a case in which the inputs of the circuit of FIG. 3 are Hot and Hot. In this case, Ground and Common cannot be adopted because they are impossible.

The present invention was created to solve the above problems, taking the advantages of the single winding type and the double winding type by configuring the voltage regulator in the form of a single winding transformer to eliminate the deviation caused by the impedance drop (Impedance Drop) It operates smoothly without unnecessary burden on the detection and logic circuits and power switching devices, which greatly reduces the number of device breakdowns, greatly reducing the frequency of failures, and increases the output precision. An uninterruptible power supply that can contribute to the stability of a circuit by attenuating or naturally attenuating power disturbances (impulse, surge, malicious noise, etc.) that flows in or out of the input or output side by installing a transformer or a shielding transformer. It is an object to provide a transformer of an automatic voltage regulator.

1 is a circuit diagram showing a first embodiment of a conventional lottery-type transformer.

2 is a circuit diagram showing a second embodiment of a conventional lottery-type transformer.

3 is a circuit diagram of a conventional single winding transformer.

4 is a circuit diagram when the input of FIG. 3 is Heart-Hot.

5 is a circuit diagram of the present invention.

6 is a circuit diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention.

7 is a circuit diagram of the present invention applied to an uninterruptible power supply (U.P.S).

8 is a circuit diagram showing another embodiment of FIG.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

10: series transformer 20: excitation transformer

30: peripheral voltage 40: uninterruptible power supply

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described in more detail the configuration and operation of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram showing a first embodiment of the present invention. The configuration of the present invention is an excitation transformer having a primary side of a series transformer 10 T _r1 for controlling a power source formed at an input side. 20, the T _r2 and a main transformer (30) T ground on one sideline a twisted pair to _r3, and the excitation transformer (20) T _r2 and a main transformer (30) T four chworeol N on the input side on top of the other lateral line along the line to _r3 grounded, and the outlet side end of the series transformer (10) T _r1 is such that the switching on of the primary-side gate of the woman transformer (20) T _r2, the other end is to be switched to the secondary side of the woman transformer (20) T _r2 gate The primary side of the _peripheral transformer 30 T _r3 is connected to the secondary side of the excitation transformer 20 T _r2 , and the input side ground G is grounded on one side of the secondary output side of the _peripheral transformer 30 T _r3 . .

Operation of the present invention having the configuration as described above is input voltage V _in, serial transformer 10 the number of turns of the primary coil of T _r1 N _1, series transformer 10 the number of turns of the secondary side coil of the T _r1 N ₂ , the woman turns of the secondary side coil of the transformer T _r2 N _3, state of the secondary side coil N _5, the output voltage the number of turns of the winding number of the primary winding coil N _4, the main transformer T _r3 of the transformer T _r3 V _out, the load When the loss voltage caused by the fluctuation and the transformer is V _loss and the compensation voltage compensated by the mutual induction of the excitation transformer 20 T _r2 is V _com , when the voltage is input from the input side, the series transformer 10 is inputted by the input voltage V _in . ) The voltage induced on the secondary side of T _r1 to be.

The input voltage is transmitted to a closed circuit in which the secondary side of the excitation transformer 20 T _r2 and the primary side of the _peripheral transformer 30 T _r3 are twisted together along the lead wire, and the voltage induced to the secondary side of the series transformer 10 T _r1 is The excitation transformer 20 switched by selecting a gate so that the voltage detected by the voltage detection signal of the voltage detection sensor (not shown) can be compensated by the switching element such as triac or thyristor. ) Is passed to T _r2 .

Therefore, the voltage induced in the secondary side of the series transformer (10) T _r1 is applied to the primary side of the woman transformer (20) T _r2 is to be induced in the secondary side of the woman transformer (20) T _r2, the induced voltage and The voltages transmitted from the input side excluding the loss voltage are added together and transferred to the primary side of the _{peripheral pressure} transformer 30 T _r3 , which is induced and output to the secondary side of the _{peripheral pressure} transformer 30 T _r3 .

The primary and secondary turns of the switched excitation transformer 20 T _r2 are respectively shown in FIG. 5. In this case, the voltage induced on the secondary side of the excitation transformer 20 T _r2 is to be. This is the compensation voltage V _com for the lost voltage.

Therefore, the voltage applied to the closed circuit connecting the secondary side of the excitation transformer 20 T _r2 and the primary side of the peripheral transformer 30 T _r3 is V _in -V _loss + V _com , and 2 of the _peripheral transformer 30 T _r3 . The final output voltage induced by the vehicle side Becomes

That is, in the present invention, after installing the peripheral transformer 30, which is a lottery or shielded transformer, on the output side of the transformer, the primary side of the peripheral transformer 30 is connected to the secondary side (detection site) and the two lines of the excitation transformer 20 ( If it is the same voltage as the input voltage, it is better to connect winding and winding types respectively from an economical point of view.The secondary winding of the excitation transformer 20 (neutral point) and the primary winding of the peripheral transformer 30 ( Neutral point), excitation transformer 20 secondary winding of the secondary winding and the peripheral transformer primary winding is connected and by holding both ends as the detection site can be attenuated or natural attenuation phenomenon for the power disturbance that is fed back In the case of Hot and Hot, it has the advantage of the lottery black shielding transformer which can ground the peripheral transformer 30 and the secondary side, and by setting the detection part on the secondary side of the excitation transformer 20. Even if an impedance drop occurs, the detection circuit And by a value of the logic circuit indicative of operating the same, the value for switching the switching device it is possible to significantly reduce the frequency of failure it is possible to ensure the stability of the device.

The circuit shown in FIG. 6 can be applied when a problem occurs due to severe power disturbance on the input side. The peripheral transformer 30 T _r3 , which is a lottery or shield transformer, is installed on the input side to filter severe power disturbance of the input power. and that to apply power to the fourth FIG invention has main transformer (30) T _r3 woman a as an input side ground G and the four chworeol N install the main transformer (30) T _r3 on the input side, unlike those in the output side as described in Only the ground of one side of the secondary side of the transformer 20 T _r2 is different, and the rest of the circuit configurations, such as the series transformer 10 T _r1 and the excitation transformer 20 T _r2 , are identical.

The voltage applied to the secondary side of the _peripheral voltage (30) T _r3 by the input voltage V _in The voltage induced on the secondary side of the series transformer 10 T _r1 to be.

As shown in FIG. 5, the number of primary turns of the switched excitation transformer 20 T _r2 , Secondary winding If, the voltage induced on the secondary side of the excitation transformer 20 T _r2 is And this is the compensation voltage V _com .

Therefore, the final output voltage on the output side to be.

That is, the secondary winding (neutral point) of the peripheral pressure transformer 30 is connected to the winding (neutral point) of the excitation transformer 20 so as to be connected to the ground point, and the winding type of the secondary side of the peripheral pressure transformer 30 is serially connected. When connected to the winding on the primary side of the transformer, the power disturbance introduced is attenuated or naturally attenuated, and grounding can be grounded even when the incoming wires are Hot and Hot. It has the advantage of shielding transformer, there is no deviation between the peripheral transformer 30 and the excitation transformer 20 by the impedance drop (impedance drop) can significantly reduce the frequency of failure and increase the output precision.

7 and 8 illustrate the application of the present invention to an uninterruptible power supply (UPS). The present invention is applied to the rear end of an inverter of an uninterruptible power supply 40, which is a device for continuously supplying power to a load. That is, if the single winding transformer 50 is installed in the inverter of the uninterruptible power supply device 40, and the voltage adjusting transformer 70 of the rear stage is configured in the lottery type, there is no deviation due to the impedance drop, thereby protecting the inverter circuit and the power supply device. You can do it.

8 shows that the protection circuit 60 is formed by the reactor 16, the capacitor 62, and the like to protect the device when the input power is high frequency. The protection of the excitation current of the voltage regulating transformer 70 It is possible to prevent damage to the device and the circuit.

Effects obtained by the present invention having the above-described configuration and operation take only the advantages of the conventional single winding type and the double winding type, and configure the voltage regulating device in the form of a single winding transformer and the peripheral voltage transformer which is an insulation transformer or a shielding transformer on the output side. By attenuating or natural attenuating the noise that is fed back from the output side by installing it, it reduces the interference to the input side and operates smoothly without burdening circuits and power devices. The circuit stability can be greatly reduced by not only greatly reducing the voltage, but also increasing the rating, and in case of severe power disturbance on the input side, it is possible to install a peripheral transformer, which is a shielding transformer, on the input side to shield the malicious noise flowing into the circuit. It can contribute very much to the effect.

Claims (4)

When it is judged to be higher or lower than the specified voltage by applying the deviation of the output voltage according to the variation of the input voltage or the load to the detection circuit, it sends a fixed signal to the digital series circuit (Triac, SCR etc.) In an electronic tap-changing transformer that returns the output voltage to within the specified voltage by operating the The primary side of the series transformer T _r1 controlling the power source formed on the input side is grounded on one side of the excitation transformer T _r2 and the _peripheral transformer T _r3 on the side of the twisted pair, and the excitation transformer T _r2 and the _peripheral transformer T _{r3 are connected} to the other side line. and grounding the four chworeol the input side N, the outlet side end of the series transformer T _r1 is the other end, and so switching to the gate of the primary side of the woman transformer T _r2 are, and that switching to the gate of the secondary side of the woman transformer T _r2, week the primary side of the transformer T _r3 is the transformer of the UPS or automatic voltage regulator, characterized in the woman transformer connected to the secondary side of T _r2, and the input side of the ground G is grounded on one side of the secondary side output of the main transformer T _r3 configured. A transformer of an uninterruptible power supply or automatic voltage regulator, wherein the peripheral voltage T _r3 provided on the output side of the claim 1 is provided on the input side instead of the output shaft. A transformer of an uninterruptible power supply or an automatic voltage regulator, characterized in that a single winding transformer is installed in an inverter of an uninterruptible power supply, and a transformer for a subsequent stage is formed in a lottery type. The method according to claim 3, A transformer of an uninterruptible power supply or automatic voltage regulator comprising a protection circuit consisting of a reactor and a capacitor between a single winding transformer and a lottery transformer for voltage regulation to prevent damage to the circuit even at high frequencies.