KR100236725B1 - Preparation process of metal powder - Google Patents
Preparation process of metal powder Download PDFInfo
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- KR100236725B1 KR100236725B1 KR1019970007711A KR19970007711A KR100236725B1 KR 100236725 B1 KR100236725 B1 KR 100236725B1 KR 1019970007711 A KR1019970007711 A KR 1019970007711A KR 19970007711 A KR19970007711 A KR 19970007711A KR 100236725 B1 KR100236725 B1 KR 100236725B1
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- powder
- metal
- particles
- dispersed
- spraying
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- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002905 metal composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 19
- 229910006404 SnO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 6
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000009388 chemical precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007772 electroless plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003465 moissanite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
-
- B22F1/0003—
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2302/00—Metal Compound, non-Metallic compound or non-metal composition of the powder or its coating
- B22F2302/10—Carbide
- B22F2302/105—Silicium carbide (SiC)
Landscapes
- Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
본 발명은 분말내부에 이종입자가 균일하게 분산된 금속기지의 복합분말의 제조방법 및 이 방법에 의해 제조된 금속복합분말에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a method for producing a composite powder of a metal base in which heterogeneous particles are uniformly dispersed in a powder, and a metal composite powder prepared by the method.
본 발명에 따르면, 분무용 고압가스내에 금속분말의 내부에 분산시키고자 하는 이종입자로 혼합시켜 분무함으로써 금속분말내에 이종입자가 분산된 금속복합분말을 제조하는 방법이 제공된다. 이 방법에 따르면, Ag-SnO2전기접점재료, Al-SiC복합재료의 제조에 유용하게 적용될 수 있는 잇점이 있다.According to the present invention, there is provided a method for producing a metal composite powder in which dissimilar particles are dispersed in a metal powder by spraying by mixing with a dissimilar particle to be dispersed in the metal powder in a high pressure gas for spraying. According to this method, there is an advantage that can be usefully applied to the production of Ag-SnO 2 electrical contact material, Al-SiC composite material.
Description
본 발명은 분말내부에 이종입자(異種粒子)가 균일하게 분산된 금속기지의 복합분말의 제조방법에 관한 것으로서, 특히 분말내부에 분산강화용 입자등 이종금속이 균일하게 분포되는 금속복합분말을 제공함으로써 Ag-SnO2전기접점재료, Al-SiC 복합재료등에 유용하게 적용할 수 있는 것이다.The present invention relates to a method for producing a composite powder of a metal base in which dissimilar particles are uniformly dispersed in a powder. In particular, the present invention provides a metal composite powder in which dissimilar metals such as dispersion strengthening particles are uniformly distributed in a powder. This can be usefully applied to Ag-SnO 2 electrical contact materials, Al-SiC composite materials, and the like.
금속분말을 제조하는 기술에는 환원법, 전해법, 화학적 석출법, 분무법(Atomization method)등이 있다. 이중 분무법은 주로 합금분말을 제조하는데 이용되고 나머지는 단일 성분의 금속분말을 제조하는데 이용되고 있다.Techniques for producing metal powders include reduction, electrolytic, chemical precipitation, atomization, and the like. The double spray method is mainly used to prepare alloy powder, and the rest is used to prepare single component metal powder.
분무법은 분말로 제조하고자 하는 성분의 금속을 용해하여 이를 오리피스(orifice, 細管)이라 불리는 관을 통해 흘려 보내고 여기에 고압의 가스 또는 물을 충돌시켜 용탕의 흐름을 미세한 액적(droplet)으로 흩트린후 응고시켜 구형 내지 구형에 가까운 금속분말을 제조하는 방법이다. 이렇게 제조된 합금분말은 분말야금법으로 생산되는 제품의 원료등으로 광범위하게 사용되고 있다.Spraying method dissolves the metal of the component to be made into powder and flows it through a tube called an orifice, and collides with high-pressure gas or water to disperse the flow of the melt into fine droplets, and then solidifies it. It is a method for producing a metal powder close to the spherical to spherical form. The alloy powder thus prepared is widely used as a raw material for products produced by powder metallurgy.
이와 같은 방법으로 제조한 금속분말은 그 표면에 이종금속을 무전해 도금법이나 세멘테이션(cementation)법등으로 코팅시킨 복합분말에 대한 생산기술은 이미 개발되어 다양한 용도로 실용화되고 있다. 그러나, 분말내부에 분산강화등을 목적으로 적당한 크기의 이종입자를 균일하게 분산시킨 금속복합분말등에 관한 연구는 아직까지 이루어진 적이 없다. 따라서, 본 발명자들은 분무법으로 제조되는 종래의 합금분말 내부에 적절한 방법을 통하여 이종입자를 균일하게 분산시킬 수 있다면 이렇게 하여 얻어진 복합금속분말의 응용범위는 매우 넓을 것이라는 판단하에 연구를 거듭한 결과 본 발명을 완성하기에 이르렀다.The metal powder produced by the above method has already been developed and commercialized for a variety of uses. The production technology for a composite powder coated with dissimilar metals on its surface by an electroless plating method or a cementation method is already developed. However, there have been no studies on metal composite powders in which heterogeneous particles of appropriate size are uniformly dispersed for the purpose of strengthening dispersion and the like in powders. Therefore, the present inventors have conducted a study in the judgment that the application range of the composite metal powder thus obtained will be very wide if it is possible to uniformly disperse the dissimilar particles through an appropriate method in the conventional alloy powder prepared by the spray method. Came to complete.
따라서, 본 발명의 목적은 금속분말의 내부에 분산강화입자등 이종입자로 분산시킨 금속복합분말의 제조방법 및 이 방법으로 얻어진 금속복합분말을 제공하고자 하는 것이다.Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method for producing a metal composite powder dispersed in disperse particles such as dispersed reinforced particles in a metal powder, and a metal composite powder obtained by the method.
이와 같은 목적을 달성하기 위하여 본 발명에 따르면, 분무법으로 금속분말을 제조하는 방법에 있어서, 분무용 고압가스내에 제조하고자 하는 금속분말의 내부에 분산시키고자 하는 이종입자를 혼합시켜 분무함으로써 금속분말내에 이종입자가 분산된 금속복합분말을 제조하는 방법 및 이 방법으로 제조한 금속복합분말이 제공된다.In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, in the method for producing a metal powder by a spraying method, heterogeneous in the metal powder by spraying a mixture of dissimilar particles to be dispersed in the metal powder to be prepared in the spraying high-pressure gas Provided are a method for producing a metal composite powder in which particles are dispersed, and a metal composite powder prepared by the method.
본 발명은 분무법으로 금속분말을 제조할때, 단순히 고압가스만을 사용하는 기존의 방법대신 고압가스내에 금속분말 내부에 분산시키고자 하는 이종입자를 혼합하여 분무시킴으로, 가스와 같이 분무되어 용탕의 흐름에 충돌함으로 결국 분말의 내부에 분산되도록 하는 방법을 이용해 금속복합분말을 제조하는 것이다.In the present invention, when preparing a metal powder by spraying, by mixing and spraying the heterogeneous particles to be dispersed in the metal powder in the high pressure gas instead of the conventional method using only high pressure gas, it is sprayed like a gas to the flow of the molten metal The metal composite powder is prepared by a method of impinging on the powder and eventually dispersing the powder.
즉, 오리피스를 통해 흐르는 용탕의 흐름에 고압가스가 충돌하여 이 흐름을 미세한 액적으로 흩트릴 때 분무되는 고압가스에 분산시키고자 하는 입자를 첨가함으로써 이 입자들이 가스와 같이 용탕에 충돌함으로 용탕내에 침투하게 되고 이같은 과정을 거쳐 내부에 분산입자를 함유하게된 액적이 응고과정을 거쳐 분말로 되면 내부에 이종입자가 분산된 복합분말이 제조되게 되는 것이다.That is, when high pressure gas collides with the flow of the molten metal flowing through the orifice and disperses this flow into the fine droplets, the particles penetrate into the molten metal by colliding with the molten metal by adding the particles to be dispersed. When the droplets containing the dispersed particles therein become a powder through a solidification process, a composite powder in which the heterogeneous particles are dispersed therein is prepared.
이같은 방법을 이용하면 분무법으로 제조하는 각종 금속분말 내부에 SiC, Al2O3, SnO2같은 입자를 분산시켜 Al-SiC등의 복합분말을 제조할 수 있게 된다.Using such a method, it is possible to prepare a composite powder such as Al-SiC by dispersing particles such as SiC, Al 2 O 3 , SnO 2 in various metal powders prepared by the spraying method.
이하 본 발명의 실시예에 대하여 설명한다.Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described.
[실시예 1]Example 1
[7075(Al합금의 일종)-SiC 복합분말 제조][7075 (Al Alloy) -SiC Composite Powder]
① 7075의 조성에 맞게 알루미늄, 아연, 마그네슘, 구리등을 칭량해 전기로에서 용해하여 합금용탕을 만든다.① Weigh aluminum, zinc, magnesium, copper, etc. according to the composition of 7075 and dissolve it in electric furnace to make molten alloy.
② 크기 5㎛의 SiC분말을 적절히 설계된 분말 혼입장치를 이용하여 고압가스의 흐름속으로 혼입될 수 있도록 준비한다. 분말혼입장치를 조절하여 가스의 흐름속으로 혼입되는 입자의 양은 조절할 수 있으며 가스 밸브를 열어 가스가 분무설비(atomizer)중 분무노즐로 들어가기 시작하는 순간부터 분무가스에 SiC입자들이 혼입되게 된다.② Prepare SiC powder of 5㎛ size so that it can be mixed into the flow of high pressure gas using a properly designed powder mixing device. The amount of particles mixed into the gas flow can be controlled by adjusting the powder mixing device. SiC particles are mixed in the spray gas from the moment the gas valve is opened to the spray nozzle in the atomizer.
③ ①에서 준비한 용탕을 하부에 직경 3㎜의 오리피스가 부착된 턴디쉬(turn-dish)에 부어 오리피스를 통해 용탕이 흐르도록 한다.③ Pour the melt prepared in ① into a turn-dish with an orifice with a diameter of 3 mm at the bottom so that the melt flows through the orifice.
④ 용탕이 오리피스를 통해 흐르기 시작하면 ②의 고압가스를 열어 분무를 시작한다.④ When the molten metal starts to flow through the orifice, open the high pressure gas of ② and start spraying.
⑤ 분무가 끝나면 분무설비를 열고 제조된 분말을 회수한다. 이렇게 제조된 7075분말은 내부에 5㎛ 크기의 SiC입자를 함유한 복합분말이다. 복합분말중 SiC의 양은 가스내로의 SiC혼입량과 오리피스 직경의 크기를 변화시켜 조절할 수 있다.⑤ After spraying, open the spraying facility and recover the powder. The 7075 powder thus prepared is a composite powder containing 5 µm-sized SiC particles. The amount of SiC in the composite powder can be controlled by changing the amount of SiC incorporation into the gas and the size of the orifice diameter.
[실시예 2]Example 2
[Ag-SnO2복합분말 제조][Ag-SnO 2 Composite Powder Preparation]
① 은지금을 전기로에서 용해한다.① Melts now in an electric furnace.
② 크기 0.5㎛의 SnO2분말을 적절히 설계된 분말 혼입장치를 이용하여 고압가스의 흐름속으로 혼입될 수 있도록 준비한다. 분말혼입장치를 조절하여 가스의 흐름속으로 혼입되는 입자의 양은 조절할 수 있으며 가스 밸브를 열어 가스가 분무설비(atomizer)중 분무노즐로 들어가기 시작하는 순간부터 분무가스에 SnO2입자들이 혼입되게 된다.② Prepare SnO 2 powder of 0.5㎛ size so that it can be mixed into the flow of high pressure gas by using a properly designed powder mixing device. By controlling the powder mixing device, the amount of particles mixed into the gas flow can be controlled, and SnO 2 particles are mixed into the spray gas from the moment the gas valve is opened to the spray nozzle in the atomizer.
③ ①에서 준비한 용탕을 하부에 직경 3㎜의 오리피스가 부착된 턴디쉬(turn-dish)에 부어 오리피스를 통해 용탕이 흐르도록 한다.③ Pour the melt prepared in ① into a turn-dish with an orifice with a diameter of 3 mm at the bottom so that the melt flows through the orifice.
④ 용탕이 오리피스를 통해 흐르기 시작하면 ②의 고압가스를 열어 분무를 시작한다.④ When the molten metal starts to flow through the orifice, open the high pressure gas of ② and start spraying.
⑤ 분무가 끝나면 분무설비를 열고 제조된 분말을 회수한다. 이렇게 제조된 은분말은 내부에 0.5㎛ 크기의 SnO2입자를 함유한 복합분말이다. 복합분말중 SnO2의 양은 가스내로의 SnO2혼입량과 오리피스 직경의 크기를 변화시켜 조절할 수 있다.⑤ After spraying, open the spraying facility and recover the powder. The silver powder thus prepared is a composite powder containing SnO 2 particles having a size of 0.5 μm therein. The amount of SnO 2 in the composite powder can be adjusted by changing the amount of SnO 2 incorporation into the gas and the size of the orifice diameter.
본 발명을 이용하면 이제까지는 그 제조방법이 없어 제조가 불가능했던 내부에 이종입자가 분산된 복합분말을 만들 수 있게 되고 이 방법으로 제조된 복합분말을 이용하면 여러가지 금속제품을 보다 효율적으로 제조할 수 있게 되는데 응용분야에 대하여 예를 들면 다음과 같은 것이다.By using the present invention, it is possible to make a composite powder in which dissimilar particles are dispersed inside, which has not been manufactured so far without the manufacturing method. By using the composite powder prepared by this method, various metal products can be produced more efficiently. For example, application fields are as follows.
[가) Ag-SnO2전기접점재료][A) Ag-SnO 2 Electrical Contact Material]
Ag-SnO2전기접점재료는 Cd(카드뮴)의 유해성으로 인해 사용을 규제당하고 있는 Ag-CdO 전기접점재료를 대체하기 위해 개발된 재료이다. 이의 제조방법중 분말야금법을 이용하는 기술이 있는데 기존에는 Ag분말과 SnO2분말을 혼합하는 방법을 이용하고 있으나 이때 사용하는 은분말의 크기가 크면(분무법으로 제조한 크기 50㎛내외) SnO2입자들이 편석되는 문제점이 있고, 반면 은분말의 크기가 작으면(화학적 석출법으로 제조한 크기 5㎛내외) 제조한 선재의 인성이 떨어지는 문제점이 있다. 이 경우 분무법으로 내부에 SnO2입자를 함유하고 있는 은분말을 사용하면 쉽게 특성이 우수한 Ag-SnO2접점용선재를 제조할 수 있다.Ag-SnO 2 electrical contact materials have been developed to replace Ag-CdO electrical contact materials whose use is regulated due to the hazards of Cd (cadmium). There is a technique using the powder metallurgy method of the manufacturing method, conventionally using a method of mixing Ag powder and SnO 2 powder, but if the size of the silver powder used is large (about 50㎛ size manufactured by the spraying method) SnO 2 particles There is a problem in that the segregation, on the other hand, if the size of the silver powder is small (about 5㎛ size produced by the chemical precipitation method) there is a problem that the toughness of the wire rod manufactured. In this case, by using a silver powder containing SnO 2 particles therein by the spraying method, it is possible to easily produce a good Ag-SnO 2 contact wire material.
[나) Al-SiC복합재료][B) Al-SiC Composite Materials]
Al-SiC복합재료의 특성을 좌우하는 것중의 하나는 SiC의 분산성이다. 이때에 내부에 SiC가 분산된 Al-SiC복합분말을 이용하면 SiC가 보다 균일하게 분산된 Al-SiC복합재료를 제조할 수 있다.One of the dominant properties of Al-SiC composites is the dispersibility of SiC. In this case, when the Al-SiC composite powder having SiC dispersed therein is used, an Al-SiC composite material in which SiC is more uniformly dispersed may be manufactured.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| KR1019970007711A KR100236725B1 (en) | 1997-03-07 | 1997-03-07 | Preparation process of metal powder |
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| KR1019970007711A KR100236725B1 (en) | 1997-03-07 | 1997-03-07 | Preparation process of metal powder |
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