KR100222551B1 - Battery for an electric vehicle - Google Patents

Battery for an electric vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
KR100222551B1
KR100222551B1 KR1019950043420A KR19950043420A KR100222551B1 KR 100222551 B1 KR100222551 B1 KR 100222551B1 KR 1019950043420 A KR1019950043420 A KR 1019950043420A KR 19950043420 A KR19950043420 A KR 19950043420A KR 100222551 B1 KR100222551 B1 KR 100222551B1
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South Korea
Prior art keywords
battery
electric vehicle
battery module
cooling fin
module
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KR1019950043420A
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Korean (ko)
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KR970031067A (en
Inventor
안균영
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정몽규
현대자동차주식회사
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Priority to KR1019950043420A priority Critical patent/KR100222551B1/en
Publication of KR970031067A publication Critical patent/KR970031067A/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6551Surfaces specially adapted for heat dissipation or radiation, e.g. fins or coatings
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/30Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells
    • B60L58/32Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells for controlling the temperature of fuel cells, e.g. by controlling the electric load
    • B60L58/33Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling fuel cells for controlling the temperature of fuel cells, e.g. by controlling the electric load by cooling
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613Cooling or keeping cold
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/62Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
    • H01M10/625Vehicles
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/653Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by electrically insulating or thermally conductive materials
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60YINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/90Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
    • B60Y2200/91Electric vehicles
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2220/00Batteries for particular applications
    • H01M2220/20Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

전기 자동차용 축전지에 있어서, 본 발명에서는, 축전지의 열해를 방지할 목적으로, 각 축전지 셀의 단자가 직렬로 연결되고 각 축전지가 모여서 형성되는 축전지 모듈과, 이 축전지 모듈의 각 축전지 셀의 접촉하는 면사이에 개재되어 축전지에서 발생하는 열을 냉각하는 가운데 냉각핀과, 상기한 축전지 모듈의 측면에 접촉되어 축전지에서 발생하는 열을 냉각하는 외측 냉각핀과, 상기한 축전지 모듈과 외측 냉각핀을 감아서 일체로 만들어 주는 스트립 밴드로 이루어지는 전기 자동차용 축전지를 제공하고 있다.In the battery for an electric vehicle, in the present invention, in order to prevent thermal damage of the battery, the terminal of each battery cell is connected in series and the battery module is formed by gathering each battery cell, and the contact of each battery cell of the battery module Winding between the cooling pins, the outer cooling fins in contact with the side surface of the battery module and cooling the heat generated in the battery, interposed between the surfaces to cool the heat generated from the battery, and the battery module and the outer cooling fins To provide a battery for an electric vehicle consisting of a strip band made integrally.

이러한 축전지는 경제적이고, 제작상 효과적이고, 축전지 열해의 방지하고, 축전지 기능의 향상시키는 등의 효과가 있다.Such a battery is economical, effective in manufacturing, and has the effect of preventing thermal deterioration of a battery and improving a battery function.

Description

전기 자동차용 축전지Accumulators for Electric Vehicles

제1도는 본 발명의 전기 자동차용 축전지를 나타내는 사시도.1 is a perspective view showing a storage battery for an electric vehicle of the present invention.

제2도는 본 발명의 전기 자동차용 축전지를 분해한 사시도.2 is an exploded perspective view of a storage battery for an electric vehicle of the present invention.

제3도는 종래의 전기 자동차용 축전지를 나타내는 사시도이다.3 is a perspective view showing a conventional battery for electric vehicles.

[산업상 이용분야][Industrial use]

본 발명은 전기 자동차용 축전지에 관한 것으로, 보다 상세하게는 전기자동차에 사용되는 각각의 축전지 셀(battery cell)을 결합함에 있어서 각 축전지 셀에서 나오는 열을 용이하게 냉각시키도록 하는 전기 자동차용 축전지에 관한 것이다.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a battery for an electric vehicle, and more particularly, to a battery for an electric vehicle, in which each battery cell used in an electric vehicle is coupled to easily cool heat from each battery cell. It is about.

[종래의 기술][Prior art]

일반적으로, 축전지는 화학 작용에 의하여 생성하는 전자의 흐름에 의하여 발생하는 전기를 필요한 수만큼 직렬 및 병렬 연결하여 필요한 전압을 발생하는 장치이다.In general, a storage battery is a device that generates a required voltage by connecting the electricity generated by the flow of electrons generated by chemical action in series and in parallel as necessary.

여기서, 전기 자동차에 사용되는 축전지의 일 예로써, 양극은 니켈 하이드록사이드[Ni(OH)2]에서 발생하고, 음극은 메탈 하이드라이드에서 발생하고, 전해액은 가성 알카리(KOH)를 사용하고 있으며, 전기 자동차에서는 각각을 직렬로 연결하여 필요한 전압을 사용하고 있다.Here, as an example of a battery used in an electric vehicle, the positive electrode is generated from nickel hydroxide [Ni (OH) 2 ], the negative electrode is generated from a metal hydride, the electrolyte is using caustic alkali (KOH) In electric vehicles, each is connected in series to use the required voltage.

제3도에 있어서, 전기 자동차는 높은 전압을 발생하기 위하여 축전지 셀을 직렬로 연결하여 사용하고 있는 것으로, 종래의 축전지는 축전지 셀이 각각을 이웃하도록 배치되는 축전지 모듈(101)(battery module)과, 이 축전지 모듈(101)의 이웃하는 축전지 셀이 직렬 연결하도록 각각 다른 극의 단자를 연결하는 커넥터(103)를 보유하고 있다.In FIG. 3, an electric vehicle uses a series of battery cells connected in series to generate a high voltage. The conventional battery includes a battery module 101 in which battery cells are arranged adjacent to each other. And a connector 103 for connecting terminals of different poles so that neighboring battery cells of the battery module 101 are connected in series.

그리고, 종래의 축전지는 상기한 축전지 모듈(101)의 양쪽 끝에 있는 축전지 셀의 면에 열을 방출하는 핀(fin)(105)과, 이 핀(105)과 축전지 모듈(101)의 측면을 함께 고정하는 스트립 밴드(107)를 포함한다.In addition, the conventional battery has a fin 105 for dissipating heat to the surface of the battery cell at both ends of the battery module 101 and the side surfaces of the pin 105 and the battery module 101 together. And a strip band 107 for fixing.

종래의 이러한 축전지는 각각의 축전지 셀이 직렬로 연결되어 있으므로, 내부 저항이 없을 경우에 각 축전지 셀의 전압을 합한 전압이 발생한다.In such a conventional battery, since each battery cell is connected in series, when there is no internal resistance, a voltage obtained by adding up the voltage of each battery cell is generated.

축전지를 충전하거나 급속 방전할 경우, 축전지 셀에서 열이 발생하므로 핀에서 이 열을 냉각한다.When charging or rapidly discharging a battery, heat is generated in the battery cell, so the heat is cooled in a fin.

상기한 급속 방전시에 열이 발생하는 이유는 각 축전지 셀의 내부 저항이 있기 때문이다.The reason why heat is generated during the rapid discharge is because of the internal resistance of each battery cell.

[발명이 해결하려는 문제점][Problem trying to solve the invention]

그러나, 종래의 전기 자동차에 사용되는 축전지는 축전지 모듈의 가운데 부분에 있는 축전지 셀의 열을 제대로 냉각을 시키지 못하므로 문제점이 있다.However, the battery used in the conventional electric vehicle has a problem because it does not properly cool the heat of the battery cell in the center portion of the battery module.

여기서, 가장 외부에 있는 축전지 셀의 온도와 가운데 부분에 있는 축전지 셀의 온도의 차이는 심하기 때문에, 냉각이 전체적으로 되지 않고 있다는 것을 알 수 있다.Here, since the difference between the temperature of the battery cell which is the outermost and the temperature of the battery cell which is in the center part is severe, it turns out that cooling is not performed as a whole.

그래서, 상기한 축전지는, 축전지의 온도 상승으로 인하여, 충전이 양호하게 되지 않으며, 자기 방전이 많아져서 필요한 성능을 발휘하지 못한다는 단점이 발생한다.Therefore, the above-described storage battery has a disadvantage that charging is not good due to the rise of the temperature of the storage battery, and the self discharge increases, thereby failing to exhibit the required performance.

[문제점을 해결하기 위한 수단][Means to solve the problem]

본 발명은 종래의 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 발명된 것으로, 본 발명의 목적은, 각각의 축전지 셀에서 발생하는 열을 효율적으로 냉각시킴으로써, 축전지의 열해를 해소하는 데 있다.The present invention has been invented to solve such problems in the related art, and an object of the present invention is to solve thermal damage of a storage battery by efficiently cooling heat generated in each storage cell.

상기한 바와 같은 목적을 달성하기 위하여, 본 발명의 구성은 각 축전지 셀이 모여서 형성되는 축전지 모듈과, 이 축전지 모듈의 각 축전지 셀의 접촉하는 면 사이에 개재되어 축전지에서 발생하는 열을 냉각하는 가운데 냉각핀과, 상기한 축전지 모듈의 측면에 접촉되어 축전지에서 발생하는 열을 냉각하는 외측 냉각핀과, 상기한 축전지 모듈과 외측 냉각핀을 감아서 일체로 만들어 주는 스트립 밴드를 포함한다.In order to achieve the object as described above, the configuration of the present invention is interposed between the battery module is formed by the accumulation of each battery cell and the contact surface of each of the battery cell of the battery module to cool the heat generated in the battery It includes a cooling fin, an outer cooling fin in contact with the side surface of the battery module to cool the heat generated in the battery, and a strip band for winding the battery module and the outer cooling fin to form a unit.

[작용][Action]

이와 같이 이루어지는 축전지는 각 축전지 셀을 가운데 냉각핀에 형성되는 챔버에 개재하고, 상기한 축전지 모듈의 측면에 외측 냉각핀을 접촉시키고, 상기한 축전지 모듈과 가운데 냉각핀 및 외측 냉각핀이 일체가 되도록 스트립 밴드로 묶으면 된다.The battery thus formed interposes each battery cell in a chamber formed in the center cooling fin, and contacts the outer cooling fin to the side surface of the battery module so that the battery module and the center cooling fin and the outer cooling fin are integrated. It can be bundled with a strip band.

그러면, 각 축전지 셀에서 발생하는 열이 독립적으로 냉각이 이루어지므로, 축전지 모듈의 외측에 있는 축전지 셀과 축전지 모듈의 가운데에 있는 축전지 셀의 온도차가 줄어들 수 있다.Then, since the heat generated in each battery cell is cooled independently, the temperature difference between the battery cell on the outside of the battery module and the battery cell in the middle of the battery module can be reduced.

[실시예]EXAMPLE

이하, 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예를 첨부한 도면을 참조하여 더욱 상세히 설명 한다.Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail.

제1도 및 제2도에 도시한 바와 같이, 본 실시예의 축전지는 각 축전지 셀이 모여서 형성되고 이웃하는 축전지 셀의 다른 극성의 단자(9)를 커넥터(11)로 연결하는 축전지 모듈(1)과, 이 축전지 모듈(1)의 각 축전지 셀의 접촉면에 개재되어 축전지에서 발생하는 열을 냉각하도록 축전지 모듈(1)의 가운데 부분에 위치하는 각 축전지 셀의 3면을 접촉시키는 가운데 냉각핀(3)을 보유하고 있다.As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the storage battery of this embodiment is formed by gathering each of the storage cells, and the battery module 1 which connects the terminals 9 of different polarity of neighboring storage cells to the connector 11. And a cooling fin interposed between the three surfaces of each battery cell positioned in the center portion of the battery module 1 so as to be interposed on the contact surface of each battery cell of the battery module 1 to cool the heat generated by the battery module. ).

그리고, 본 실시예의 축전지는 상기한 축전지 모듈(1)의 측면에 접촉되어 축전지에서 발생하는 열을 냉각하는 외측 냉각핀(5)과, 상기한 축전지 모듈(1)과 외측 냉각핀(5)을 감아서 일체로 만들어 주는 스트릴 밴드(7)로 이루어져 있다.In addition, the storage battery of the present embodiment is in contact with the side of the battery module 1, the outer cooling fin (5) for cooling the heat generated in the battery, and the battery module (1) and the outer cooling fin (5) It consists of a striking band (7) that is wound and made integrally.

본 실시예의 축전지는 축전지 모듈(1)에 있는 가장 외부 축전지 셀에서 발생하는 열은 외측 냉각핀(5)에서 대부분 발산되고, 일부는 가운데 냉각핀(3)의 끝부분에서 발산된다.In the battery of the present embodiment, heat generated in the outermost battery cell in the battery module 1 is mostly dissipated from the outer cooling fin 5, and part of the battery is dissipated from the end of the middle cooling fin 3.

그리고, 축전지 모듈에 있는 가운데 부분의 축전지 셀에서 발생하는 열은, 제1도를 참조하여 설명하면, 상기한 축전지 셀의 넓은 면에 접촉하고 있는 가운데 냉각핀(3)에서 이동하고, 외기와 접하고 있는 가운데 냉각핀(3)에서 발산된다.Then, the heat generated in the battery cell of the center portion of the battery module, when described with reference to Figure 1, moves in the cooling fin (3) in contact with the wide surface of the battery cell described above, in contact with the outside air While emanating from the cooling fins (3).

여기서, 가운데 냉각핀(3)을 알루미늄 재질을 사용하고, 외측 냉각핀(5)을 알루미늄 플레이트로 사용할 수 있다.Here, the middle cooling fin 3 may be made of aluminum, and the outer cooling fin 5 may be used as the aluminum plate.

이때, 각 축전지 셀의 표면에 서머 커플을 장착하여 실험한 결과, 축전지 모듈(1)의 가장 외측면 온도와 이 축전지 모듈(1)의 가장 가운데 면 온도의 차이는 3℃ 정도로 나타나고 있으며, 이 온도차는 종래의 경우보다 작은 수치이다.At this time, as a result of experiment by attaching the thermocouple on the surface of each battery cell, the difference between the outermost surface temperature of the battery module 1 and the center surface temperature of the battery module 1 is about 3 ℃, this temperature difference Is smaller than the conventional case.

여기서, 상기한 축전지 모듈(1)과 가운데 냉각핀(3)은 열전도성이 우수한 재질을 사용하면 훌륭 역할을 발휘할 수 있기 때문에, 상기한 알루미늄 재질의 축전지 모듈(1)과 가운데 냉각핀(3)은 대신에 동 재질을 사용할 수 있다.Here, since the battery module 1 and the center cooling fin 3 may play an excellent role when a material having excellent thermal conductivity is used, the battery module 1 and the center cooling fin 3 of the aluminum material described above. Copper may be used instead of silver.

[효과][effect]

이상과 같이 본 발명의 축전지는 간단한 냉각핀을 사용할 수 있으므로 경제적이고, 제작하기 쉬우므로 효과적이고, 축전지의 열해를 방지하고 있으므로 축전지의 기능을 향상시키는 등의 이점이 있다.As described above, the storage battery of the present invention is economical because it can use a simple cooling fin, is easy to manufacture, and effective, and prevents thermal deterioration of the storage battery, thereby improving the function of the storage battery.

Claims (3)

전기 자동차용 축전지에 있어서, 각 축전지 셀의 다른 단자가 커넥터로 연결되고, 각 축전지 셀이 모여서 형성되는 축전지 모듈(1)과, 상기한 축전지 모듈(1)의 각 축전지 셀의 접촉하는 면 사이에 개재되어 있고, 축전지에서 발생하는 열을 냉각하는 가운데 냉각핀(3)과, 상기한 축전지 모듈(1)의 측면에 접촉되어 있고, 축전지에서 발생하는 열을 냉각하는 외측 냉각핀(5)과, 상기한 축전지 모듈(1)과 상기한 외측 냉각핀(5)을 감아서 일체로 만들어 주는 스트립 밴드(7)를 포함하는 전기 자동차용 축전지.In the battery for an electric vehicle, another terminal of each battery cell is connected to a connector, and the battery module 1 is formed by gathering each battery cell and the contact surface of each battery cell of the battery module 1 described above. A cooling fin 3 interposed between the cooling fins 3 and an outer side cooling fin 5 in contact with the side surface of the battery module 1 and cooling the heat generated by the battery, while cooling the heat generated by the battery. A battery for an electric vehicle comprising a strip band (7) wound around the battery module (1) and the outer cooling fin (5) to be integrated. 제1항에 있어서, 가운데 냉각핀(3)은 열전도성이 우수한 알루미늄 재질을 사용할 수 있는 전기 자동차용 축전지.The battery for an electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the center cooling fin (3) can use an aluminum material having excellent thermal conductivity. 제1항에 있어서, 외측 냉각핀(5)은 열전도성이 우수한 알루미늄 재질을 사용할 수 있는 전기 자동차용 축전지.The battery for an electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the outer cooling fins (5) can use an aluminum material having excellent thermal conductivity.
KR1019950043420A 1995-11-23 1995-11-23 Battery for an electric vehicle KR100222551B1 (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101058102B1 (en) 2009-12-18 2011-08-24 에스비리모티브 주식회사 Battery pack
KR20150046563A (en) * 2013-10-22 2015-04-30 주식회사 엘지화학 Battery pack

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100627294B1 (en) * 2004-10-28 2006-09-25 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 Secondary Battery Module
KR101675013B1 (en) * 2014-02-24 2016-11-10 주식회사 엘지화학 Battery pack for vehicle with improved cooling efficiency

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101058102B1 (en) 2009-12-18 2011-08-24 에스비리모티브 주식회사 Battery pack
US8835035B2 (en) 2009-12-18 2014-09-16 Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. Battery pack
KR20150046563A (en) * 2013-10-22 2015-04-30 주식회사 엘지화학 Battery pack
KR101642330B1 (en) * 2013-10-22 2016-07-25 주식회사 엘지화학 Battery pack

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