KR100216426B1 - Combustion system and combustion furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a control system of a combustion system and a combustion furnace using the same, and is intended to provide a system and a combustion furnace capable of performing stable operation by automatically controlling the operation of a combustion apparatus. , The combustion air introduction speed by the induction blower 13 through the air inlet of the combustion apparatus (the open type incineration furnace inlet 2) is automatically controlled by interlocking with the furnace temperature, and the combustion by the induction blower 13 A system for automatically controlling the rate of introduction of air for use to maintain a predetermined constant, comprising: a supply system for supplying a high temperature air from a furnace bottom (7) for evaporating or gasifying moisture or volatile matter in the furnace, A system using a combustion gas circulation system independent of the system, and a combustion furnace used in the system.

Description

Combustion system and combustion furnace

The present invention relates to a control system of a combustion system and a combustion furnace using the same.

Conventionally, the following three conditions can be cited as a necessary condition for burning the burned object.

① inside temperature of furnace

② Residual time of combustion gas in furnace

③ Oxygen concentration in the furnace

Here, preferable conditions under which the unburned carbon content in the combustion exhaust gas is zero and the harmful substances such as dioxin and PCB are also completely destroyed are the internal temperature of 1200 ° C or higher, the combustion gas residence time of 2 seconds or more, 3% or more is preferable.

Here, when the internal temperature of the furnace is, for example, 1400 DEG C or higher, the amount of NOx generated by heat suddenly increases, or the furnace wall is damaged.

Further, the longer the residence time of the combustion gas is, the closer the combustion is to the complete, but the processing ability of the furnace is lowered. For example, if the volume load of the furnace is set at 100,000 Kcal / m ² hr, the residence time may be about 4 seconds at an oxygen concentration of 3% and an exhaust gas temperature of 1200 ° C.

If, walk down the furnace load or more than 200,000 Kca1 / m ³ hr, accused if each increasing the water feed rate, the furnace residence time of the combustion exhaust gas is insufficient, the generation of unburned carbon, or di destruction of dioxin Insufficient, and there is a concern that these remain.

In order to keep the above ①, ②, ③ in the desired range, automation of the control is required. For example, in the case of the fluidized bed, there are too many disturbance factors and it is a reality that one has to depend on the experience of the driver .21 No.2 P265).

As shown in FIG. 3, the amount of combustion air is the amount of high-temperature air that is pushed as primary air from the furnace bottom, and is heat-exchanged with the combustion exhaust gas. That is, the amount of the pushing gas was dependent on the amount of the combustion air introduced by the induction blower, so that the pushing gas amount and the pushing gas temperature were also for combustion by the blower.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 3-79612 discloses a control device used when an inverter drives a blower that draws off gases such as a combustion furnace, The present invention is directed to a control device in which the motor and the inverter device are not overloaded.

Further, in Japanese Patent Application No. 5-83811, when the pushing-in blower of the equilibrium ventilation path and the induction blower are driven by the inverter-controlled motor, the automatic return of the inverter control circuit after the instantaneous power failure is returned to the induction blower And is capable of automatically returning the push-in blower and the man-made blower safely without returning the internal pressure to the normal pressure, and it is possible to automatically return the push- have.

The present invention provides a combustion system capable of performing stable operation by automatically controlling the operation of a conventional manual or semi-manual combustion device and a combustion furnace for using the system.

FIG. 1 is a schematic short-side view of a combustion furnace implementing the present invention system.

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another combustion furnace implementing the system of the present invention. FIG.

FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view of a conventional combustion furnace. FIG.

* Major parts of the drawings

1: Combustion furnace 2:

3: side wall 4:

5: Partial inlet of hot gas 6: Furnace bed

7: furnace bottom 8: stabilizing burner

9: combustion chamber 10: high temperature part

11: Exhaust pipe 12: Exhaust gas flow rate control damper

13: Frequency controlled blower 14: Chimney

15: outlet 16 which is part of the hot combustion gas 16: conduit (conduit)

17: Flow control valve of part of combustion gas 18: Conduit

19: blower for high temperature circulation gas 20: conduit

23: conduit 24: part of the combustion air flow control valve

25: conduit 26: inlet

27: Centralized control computer (CPU) 28:

29: Counterfeiting oil tool 30: Counterpointer transportation machine

31: side wall 32: partial inlet of hot gas

33: hearth 34: furnace bottom

35: Auxiliary burner 36: Combustion chamber

37: high temperature part 38: exhaust pipe

39: Exhaust gas flow rate control damper 40: Frequency controlled blower

41: chimney 42: outlet which is part of combustion exhaust gas

43: conduit 44: outlet which is part of high temperature combustion gas

45: conduit 46: blower for high temperature circulation gas

47: conduit 48: high temperature push-in gas inlet

49: Centralized control computer (CPU) 50:

51: introduction valve for introducing combustion air 52: conduit

53: Burning air inlet 54: Outlet which is part of the combustion air

55: conduit 56: flow control valve for combustion air

57: conduit 58: inlet port

61: sucker oil tool 62: side wall part

63: hot gas inlet 64: hearth

65: furnace bottom portion 66: auxiliary burner

67: combustion chamber 68: high temperature part

69: Burning air inlet 70: Non-pressure regulating valve

71: air push blower 72: heat exchanger

73: conduit 74: high-temperature push-in air inlet

75: Exhaust pipe 76: Flow control damper

77: manned blower 78: chimney

79: CPU (centralized control computer)

In order to maintain and control the furnace temperature at a constant value, the present invention automatically controls the furnace temperature by controlling the introduction rate of the combustion air, and controls the furnace crucible (solid or liquid, Or the sum of both of them) in the furnace, and a combustion furnace for using the system.

Means for doing this are as follows.

The number of revolutions of the impeller of the induction blower is controlled by automatically controlling the frequency of the power supplied to the driving motor as a factor for automatically controlling the intake / exhaust speed of the combustion air by the induction blower and keeping the furnace internal temperature at a constant value.

Alternatively, the gas suction speed by the induction blower is controlled by automatically controlling the opening degree of the blower damper.

2 At the same time, the frequency of the supply power displayed at 1 is detected, or the opening degree of the blower damper is detected, and the value of the opening degree of the blower damper (the sum of the solids and the liquid, or both of them) This is done by automatically controlling the feed rate.

That is, the present invention is characterized in that the supply system of the hot air from the furnace bottom such as the hearth or the like for evaporating or gasifying the moisture and volatile matter in the furnace, or for initial combustion is independent of the combustion air introduction system by the induction blower The air intake from the outside air is introduced through the inlet, and the combustion air is introduced from the inlet blower through the inlet. In order to control the amount of combustion energy introduced into the combustion chamber, Wherein the control means automatically controls the speed of the combustion air to be communicated with the furnace temperature and automatically controls the air introduction speed of the furnace by the induction blower so as to maintain a specified constant value, A combustion chamber including a burner inlet and a burning air inlet, a side wall, a side wall bottom, a furnace bottom, and a stabilizing burner, Is connected to a chimney through a high-temperature section, an exhaust gas flow rate control damper and / or a frequency-controlled blower connected to an exhaust pipe installed in the upper part of the furnace, and an outlet, which is a part of the combustion high temperature exhaust gas, is formed in the combustion chamber, The hot gas circulation gas pipe is connected to the high temperature push gas inlet of the furnace floor by the following combustion high temperature gas circulation blower and the following conduits and separately a part of the combustion air is used to control the flow rate of the inlet, Valves, and conduits. The temperature of the high-temperature section is measured by using a centralized computer, and the suction speed of the combustion air is automatically controlled so that the incinerator can be charged into the incinerator And the speed is controlled automatically.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a sectional side view of an apparatus embodying the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an example of a side sectional view of another apparatus embodying the present invention. FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a conventional incineration apparatus.

1, the furnace 1 is provided with an opening-and-closing type disposer 2, a side wall 3 connected to the opening 2, and a disposer 4, And a combustion chamber 9 including a furnace bottom portion 7 including a hearth 6 having an inlet 5 from a high temperature gas and a combustion burner 7 in the combustion chamber 9. In the combustion chamber 9, The unwanted object entered from the charging port 2 is supplied to the combustion by the air A introduced from the charging object inlet 2.

The high temperature section 10 is formed on the upper part of the combustion chamber 9 and the exhaust pipe 11 is formed on the upper part.

The combustion exhaust gas A from the exhaust pipe 11 leads to the exhaust gas flow rate control damper 12, the frequency control induction blower 13 and the chimney 14.

An outlet 15 for a portion D of the high temperature combustion exhaust gas is formed in the upper portion of the combustion chamber 9 and a conduit 16, a flow control valve 17 'for a high temperature gas, a conduit 18, Temperature inlet gas 5 of the high temperature gas formed in the furnace bottom portion 7 as a high-temperature push-in gas E from the inlet 21 of the hot gas through the blower 19 and the conduit 20 to the combustion chamber 9, .

The introduction port 22 for the combustion air B is formed in the sidewall portion 3 at the inlet 2 and the conduit 23 and the combustion air flow rate regulating valve 24 And is connected to the conduit 18 at the introduction port 26 through the conduit 25.

The flow rate control valve 17 for high temperature gas may be omitted if it is not necessary.

The combustion hole A is drawn from the open type intake opening 2 by the artificial blower 13 and enters the combustion furnace and a part of the combustion air is introduced into the combustion chamber 9 directly with the burning object as C, The remaining portion of the combustion air is sent as B to a portion D of the high temperature combustion exhaust gas at a ratio controlled by the respective flow rate control valves and mixed and controlled to a constant temperature to be introduced into the combustion chamber 9 ).

As a result, as the gas, the combustion air enters from the open-loop exhaust inlet 2, the combustion exhaust gas is discharged from the chimney 14 through the combustion chamber 9, and the supply system of the combustion air is constituted, Temperature gas is circulated through the furnace bottoms 7, 8, 18, 20, the furnace bottom 7, and the combustion chamber 9 to constitute a circulation system.

The CPU (centralized control computer) 27 detects the furnace internal temperature T of the high temperature section 10 and detects the furnace inner temperature T by the frequency control induction blower 13 or by the flow control damper 12, Thereby controlling the flow rate of the combustion air introduced from the combustion chamber. Similarly, the CPL 27 detects the frequency of the electric power supplied to the induction blower 13 or detects the opening of the flow control damper 12 so that the introduction flow rate of the combustion air is a predetermined value, And controls the transport speed of the incineration water transport system (4).

Next, FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a high-temperature exhaust gas circulation system as one aspect of the present invention, like FIG. 1.

The combustion furnace 28 has a closed hearth metamorphic tool 29 and its pushing machine 30 followed by a side wall portion 31 and a hearth 33 having an inlet 32 of a part of the hot gas And a combustion chamber 36 including a combustion burner 35. In the combustion chamber 36, the combustion target introduced from the ash subject oil mist tool 29 is introduced into the combustion chamber 36, And is supplied to the combustion by the combustion air introduced from the introduction port 53 through the valve 50, the introduction control valve 51 of the combustion air A, and the conduit 52.

A part of the combustion air A at the room temperature is discharged from the combustion chamber air inlet 53 directly to the combustion chamber 36 via the conduit 52 while the remaining portion B of the combustion air is formed in the conduit 52 A part of the combustion air is connected to the conduit 45 from the introduction port 58 through the outflow port 54 of the combustion air, the conduit 55, the flow control valve 56 and the conduit 57, D and sent to the combustion chamber 36 as a high-temperature push-in gas E controlled at a constant temperature.

Separately, an outflow port 42 of a part of the high-temperature combustion gas is formed in the upper part of the combustion chamber 36, and the conduit 43, the flow control valve 44 of the part of the high-temperature combustion gas D, the conduit 45, The portion D of the high temperature combustion exhaust gas and the combustion air B are mixed and controlled at a constant temperature through the high temperature circulation blower 46 and the conduit 47 to be sent to the combustion chamber 36 as the high temperature circulating pushing gas E , And is contributed to the burning of each of the water.

The flow rate control valve 44 of the part D of the high temperature combustion gas can be omitted if not necessary.

A high temperature section (37) is formed in an upper part of the combustion chamber (36), and an exhaust pipe (38) is provided in an upper part thereof. The combustion exhaust gas A from the exhaust pipe 38 is discharged to the outside air through the exhaust gas flow rate control damper 39, the frequency controlled induction blower 40 and the chimney 41, if necessary.

Here, the air introduced from the combustion air inlet 50 is burned in the combustion chamber 36 and the high temperature portion 37, and is emitted from the chimney 41 to form the combustion air introduction system.

The CPU 49 detects the high temperature non-internal temperature T and controls the introduction amount of the combustion air by the frequency control induction blower 40 or the flow control damper 39, The amount of air introduced from the air introducing valve 51 to the air intake valve 51 is controlled.

Likewise, the CPU 49 determines whether or not the frequency of the electric power supplied to the induction blower 40 is equal to or greater than the amount of discharge of the respective angles of water from the ash subject oil mist device 29 so that the frequency of the electric power supplied to the induction blower 40, .

However, in this system, it is necessary to open / close the air inlet valve 51 to the combustion chamber 36 from the inlet 50 of the combustion chamber air inlet by detecting the pressure P in the furnace because of the way of sealing the introduction port of each of the exhaust valves. In addition, since there is a large time delay between the introduction of the respective components of the ash to the inside of the furnace and the start of combustion, the rate at which the furnace temperature reacts is slightly slower than that shown in Fig.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of an example 59 of a conventional combustion furnace. A furnace bottom tool 65 including a hearth 64 having a furnace tool 61 with a furnace object pushing machine 60 followed by a side wall 62 and a hot gas inlet 63, And a combustion chamber 67 including a burner 66 and the like. In the combustion chamber 67, the airtight object in the airtight state injected from the ash subject oil tool 61 is supplied for combustion.

A high temperature section (68) is formed on the top of the combustion chamber.

Separately from this, an opening 69 for an open air for combustion is formed. The air A introduced from the combustion vessel inlet 69 through the furnace internal pressure regulating valve 70 and the air push blower 71 is heat-exchanged in the heat exchanging portion 72 and flows through the conduit 73, Temperature gas inlet 63 of the furnace bottom portion 65 through the introduction port 74 to the combustion chamber 67.

Next, an exhaust pipe 75 is connected to the upper portion of the high temperature portion 68. The combustion exhaust gas from the exhaust pipe 75 is discharged from the flow control damper 76 and the artificial blower 77 to the outside air via the chimney 78, if necessary.

The CPU (centralized control computer) 79 detects the furnace internal temperature T of the high temperature part 68 and controls the combustion chamber air inlet 69 by the frequency control induction blower 77 or the flow control damper 76, And controls the air introduction speed from the air intake port. Likewise, the CPU 79 automatically controls the flow rate of the aspirating object pushing-in machine 60 such that the flow rate of the air to be introduced through the manned air blower 77 becomes a predetermined fixed value.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, in the method according to the first aspect, the high-temperature exhaust gas produced by the combustion of the ash object independently circulates independently of the combustion introduction air from the outside of the furnace, Evaporation of volatile matter and initial combustion are performed. Thereafter, the post-combustion is performed by the intake air from the intake valve 2 of the intake valve.

As a result, it is found that the furnace temperature is directly controlled by the intake air amount by the induction blower, and the transportation speed of the asheseturn transporting machine can be controlled with an extremely fast response speed so that this value becomes a specified constant value. Precision full automatic control of the incineration temperature within approximately ± 50 ° C is possible via the evaporator 27.

Similarly, in the method according to FIG. 2, the high temperature exhaust gas generated by the combustion of the ash object independently circulates independently of the combustion introduction air from the outside of the furnace, and the moisture, volatile matter, And combustion is performed. This is followed by a later combustion. As a result, it can be seen that the furnace temperature can be controlled directly by the amount of air injected by the induction blower 40, and that the transport speed can be controlled by the aspirator 40 pushing machine 30 so that the value is a predetermined value And automatic control within a range of ± 100 ° C is possible through the CPU 49. However, the response was steeper than that of the apparatus of FIG. 1 used in Example 1.

On the other hand, in the apparatus shown in Fig. 3, the intake air for combustion is pushed by the pushing blower into the ash crucible, the temperature of the intake air is raised by the heat exchanging section 72 and then the moisture and volatile matter in the ash furnace are evaporated, In order to perform the combustion and the post-combustion in one operation, the induction blower 77 is operated, and since the respective factors are directly correlated with each other, the control does not stop to generate a large delay in the control, (± 100 ° C), difficulty in keeping the liver at the time of stay, or complete automation.

[Example 1]

Using an apparatus of the first porcelain material, in a gravel bed furnace with a hearth area of 0.4 m ² , when the rated 50 cycles were inputted, control was performed by an artillery blower having a capacity of 300ONm ³ / hr in water of 30Om / m And the introduction rate of the combustion air was controlled by an inverter to set the furnace temperature at 1200 DEG C by using a conveyor and the average low heating value of about 200Kcal / kg was set at about 220 kg / hr. < / RTI > At this time, the introduction rate of combustion air was about 100,000 m ³ / hr.

At this point, the average low calorific value of about 6000Kcal / kg was switched to the waste of each waste. After 10 minutes, the furnace temperature rises up to 1250 ° C, but the inverter frequency rises up to 35 cycles, and the furnace temperature is maintained at 1200 ° C again after 10 minutes. At this time, the maximum introduction rate of the combustion air was about 130 ONm ³ / hr.

Then, after 20 minutes, the inverter frequency automatically stabilized to 25 cycles. At the time of stabilization, the charging speed of the discharged water being automatically charged was about 70 k9 / hr.

On the other hand, the high-temperature circulating gas blown from the bottom of the furnace is used for combustion

Regardless of the changes in inlet air velocity, the temperature was operating at 350 ° C and the circulation gas velocity was operating at about 1200 Nm ³ / hr. In addition, when the furnace temperature is lower than 1150 占 폚, the combustion burner is ignited, and the CPU is operated so as to automatically compensate for the lack of the total calorific power in the furnace. However, during this operation, there is no operation of the combustion burner .

[Example 2]

Incineration was carried out under the same conditions as in Example 1 using the apparatus of the second potting material. Thereafter, it was switched to an ignition coil having an average low calorific value of 600 Kcal / kg. The furnace temperature rises up to 1300 ° C after 30 minutes, the inverter frequency reaches up to 45 cycles, and the inlet air velocity reaches about 1500 Nm ³ / hr. Therefore, the pushing-in speed of the aspirator claw pushing machine was reduced to 40 kg / hr at the minimum. The furnace temperature varied day by day. After 30 minutes, the furnace temperature was lower than 1150 ° C., and the auxiliary burner temporarily operated. After 40 minutes, the furnace temperature was returned to the set temperature of 1200 ° C. The inverter frequency indicated 25 cycles. In the meantime, the pressure adjusting valve 51 is turned on by the action of the CPU 49. In addition, as in Example 1, silver is the high-temperature circulating gas blow up from the furnace bottom, 350 ℃, cycle gas velocity was approximately AB 12OONm ³ / hr.

[Comparative Example 1]

As in Example 1, the third potting material apparatus was switched to waste gas waste having an average low calorific value of 6000 Kcal / kg. After 30 minutes, the inverter frequency was rated at 50 cycles, and the furnace temperature was at 1400 ° C. speed was reached about 16OONm ³ / hr. By the aspirate object pushing machine 60, the aspiration object pushing speed was continuously reduced by the action of the CPU 79 and decreased to at least 30 kg / hr at the minimum. Because of this, the furnace temperature has fallen excessively to 1150 占 폚, so that the auxiliary burner 66 has acted temporarily. The furnace temperature was again lowered to 1100 ° C, but thereafter, the furnace temperature was elevated. Thereafter, in the range of 占 0 占 폚, the amplitude was repeatedly stabilized after 1 hour and 30 minutes. After the stabilization, the pushing speed of each aspirator was about 70 kg / hr, the furnace temperature was 1200 ° C, and the introduction rate (speed) of the combustion air was about 1000 Nm ³ / hr. In addition, the push to push the hot gas inlet 63, the hot gas temperature is reduced to as low as 180 ℃, push the hot gas speeds up to 1600Nm ³ / hr, at least 600Nm ³ / hr and shaken greatly. In the meantime, the operation of the CPU 79 operated the in-furnace pressure regulating valve 70, so that the inside pressure of the furnace was controlled to be a minus 10 mm of water or the like in the second embodiment and the first comparative example.

The inventors of the present invention have devised a method and an apparatus for circulating a combustion exhaust gas in the furnace regardless of the introduction air for combustion as a high temperature gas for combustion to be blown from the bottom of a furnace, It was possible to make the self-equalization possible.

This makes it possible to control the relationship between the combustion air introduction speed by the induction blower and the furnace temperature to be unified. In addition, the furnace temperature can be maintained within a certain range by simultaneously controlling both the calorific value after the combustion of the input combustible material and the introduction rate of the combustion air by the induction blower, and the furnace temperature can be maintained within a predetermined range It is possible to obtain a continuous combustion system of fully automatic control capable of being maintained in the combustion chamber and a combustion furnace for executing this system.

Claims (2)

The supply system of the high-temperature air from the furnace bottom such as the hearth for vaporizing or gasifying the moisture in the furnace body, the gasification of the furnace, or the initial combustion depends on a circulation system independent of the combustion air introduction system by the induction blower In order to control the amount of combustion energy introduced into the combustion chamber constantly, it is necessary to automatically control the combustion air introduction speed by the induction blower through the inlet from the outside air in conjunction with the furnace temperature, And automatically controlling the combustion air introduction speed by the blower to maintain a specified constant value. A combustion chamber including an open-loop exhaust inlet or a closed-loop exhaust inlet and a combustion air inlet, a succeeding side wall, a side wall bottom, a furnace bottom, a stabilizing burner, Temperature flue gas damper and / or a frequency-controlled blower connected to the chimney and forming an outlet at the top of the combustion chamber as part of the combustion high temperature exhaust gas, a conduit for the combustion high temperature circulation gas following the outlet, Temperature blowing gas inlet of the bottom by a blower and a subsequent conduit, and a part of the combustion air is separately supplied to an inlet, a conduit connected thereto, a flow control valve of a part of the combustion air, , And these devices are used to measure the temperature of the high temperature part by using a centralized control computer A combustion furnace, by automatically controlling the suction speed of the combustion air, characterized in that automatically controls the feed rate of the accused each water incinerator.