KR100213601B1 - Transmission type screen and its manufacturing method - Google Patents

Abstract

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a transmissive screen used in a projection TV receiver and a method of manufacturing the same, wherein color shifting, shading, and viewing angle are improved, and external light absorption and external light reflection are prevented, and external light contrast is improved and external light reflection is improved. The purpose of the present invention is to prevent undesired images from appearing, and to provide a clear image quality without adhesion of dust. In the configuration, the Fresnel lens sheet and the outgoing light of the Fresnel lens city are provided. A transparent lenticular lens sheet disposed on the side, and a front diffusion panel disposed on the exit light side of the lenticular lens sheet and having two layers, a wall diffusion layer and a transparent layer.

Description

Transmissive screen and manufacturing method

1 is a perspective view of a configuration of a first embodiment of a transmissive screen of the present invention.

2 is a sectional view of the main portion of FIG.

3 is a ray tracing diagram in the lenticular lens of the first embodiment.

4 is an explanatory diagram of luminance distribution curves of red, green, and blue in the transmissive screen of the first embodiment.

Fig. 5 is a comparison diagram for explaining the effect of improving color shift in the transmissive screen of the first embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a comparative view for explaining the effect of improving the shading in the transmissive screen of the first embodiment. FIG.

7 is an explanatory diagram showing an enlargement of the horizontal viewing angle in the transmissive screen of the first embodiment.

Fig. 8 is a diagram for explaining the theoretical transmission optical path from the diffusing surface to the plane in the transmissive screen of the first embodiment.

9 is a view for explaining the theoretical transmission optical path from the plane to the diffusion surface in the transmissive screen of the first embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a view showing a transmission light path of the front diffusion panel constituting the transmission screen of the first embodiment. FIG.

11 is a view showing evaluation results of the front diffusion panel constituting the transmissive screen of the first embodiment;

12 is a sectional view showing the main parts of a transmissive screen according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

13 is a sectional view showing the main parts of a transmissive screen according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

14 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of a method of manufacturing a transmissive screen of the present invention.

Figure 15 is a block diagram showing another embodiment of the manufacturing method of the transmissive screen of the present invention.

16 is a luminance distribution curve of red, green, and blue of a conventional transmissive screen.

17 is a perspective view of a conventional transmissive screen.

18 is a sectional view of a main portion of a conventional transmissive screen and an explanatory diagram of a path of light rays.

Fig. 19 is an explanatory diagram of the limit of the horizontal viewing angle in the conventional transmissive screen.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

1, 1B: Fresnel lens sheet 2, 2B: Lenticular lens sheet

3, 3A, 3B: front diffusion panel 4: Fresnel lens

5: incident light lenticular lens 6: exit light side lenticular lens

7: External light absorbing layer 8, 8A, 8B: Diffusion material (optical acid particulate)

9, 9A, 9B: diffusion layer 10, 10A, 10B: transparent layer

11, 25: incident light 12, 22: exit light

13: luminance distribution curve of conventional red 14: luminance distribution curve of conventional red

15: conventional blue luminance distribution curve 16: conventional color shift curve

17: Red luminance distribution curve of the embodiment of the present invention

18: Luminance distribution curve of green according to the embodiment of the present invention

19: Blue luminance distribution curve of an embodiment of the present invention

20: Color shift curve of the embodiment of the present invention

21: Image image 23: Horizontal viewing angle of the embodiment of the present invention

24: entrance diffusion surface 26: exit diffusion surface

27: total reflection light 28: incident light from the diffusing surface

29: incident light from a plane 30: conventional shading curve

31: Shading Curve of Embodiment of the Present Invention

32: antistatic film 33: antireflection film

34: main plane 200, 300, 400: transmissive screen

The present invention relates to a transmissive screen used in a projection television receiver.

As a conventional transmissive screen, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 58-59436 has been proposed.

The configuration is shown in FIG.

In Fig. 17, a screen composed of two pieces is displayed, and the incident light lenticular lens 104 and the outgoing light lenticular lens 105 are formed on the front surface of the Fresnel lens sheet 101 on which the Fresnel lens 103 is formed. The lenticular lens sheet 102 is formed to be stacked.

The optically acidic fine particles 107 are contained in the substrate of the lenticular lens sheet 102, and an external light absorbing layer 106 is provided on the surface thereof.

The horizontal viewing angle is enlarged by the incident light lenticular lens 104, and the color shift or color shading is improved by the output light lenticular lens 105. FIG.

The screen of the above configuration has a problem of color shift or color unevenness. In order to improve this, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 62-9250 and the like have been proposed (not shown). The basic configuration is the same as that in FIG. 17, except that the shape of the external light absorbing layer 106 is configured differently at the center and the left and right ends.

In addition, for the purpose of improving other image quality and improving contrast, a transmissive screen having a three-sheet configuration has been proposed.

FIG. 18 is a sectional view of main parts of a conventional three-screen transmissive screen, and FIG. 19 is an explanatory view of the limit of the viewing angle.

In FIG. 18, a filter 108 or a smoke panel (not shown) is disposed on the front surface of the lenticular lens sheet 102.

The incident light 109 is divided into the diffuse reflection light 110 and the transmitted light 111. In the substrate of the lenticular lens sheet 102, an optically dispersed fine particle 107 (hereinafter referred to as a diffuser) for enlarging the vertical viewing angle is mixed, and a cylindrical lenticular lens for forming an image on both surfaces thereof. 104 and 105 are formed.

In addition, in order to prevent the fall of contrast due to external light, a projection-shaped external light absorbing layer 106 as a black stripe is provided in the non-condensing portion of the incident light lenticular lens 104 in a stripe pattern having a predetermined pitch.

In the Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 58-59436 and the Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open Publication No. 62-9250, the diffusion material 107 is mixed into the lenticular lens sheet 102. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 18, all of the incident light 109 does not become transmitted light, and a part of the incident light 109 is diffused by the diffuser 107, and the same as the diffused light 110 It becomes a stray glow. Therefore, there is a problem that the resolution is degraded and the light quantity loss of the emitted light is generated, and as a result, the brightness is lowered.

Further, in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 58-59436, the incident light 109 from the incident lenticular lens 104 becomes the diffuse reflection light 110 by the diffusing material 107 during transmission, and the emitted light lenticular lens ( 105) 100% condensing is not nearby (see explanatory drawing in FIG. 18). For this reason, the outgoing light-side lenticular lens 105 can normally use only 70% of the effective light beams.

In Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 62-9250, the basic structure and lens design are the same as above. Therefore, the diffusing material 107 has a problem in that light rays different from the designed value are emitted, which adversely affects color shift and color shading.

Further, as shown in FIG. 19, in the light beam emitted from the outgoing light lenticular lens 105, there is a high level difference between the outgoing light lenticular lens 105 and the projection-shaped outer light absorbing layer 106 of the non-condensing portion. 116). Therefore, since the emitted light 112 at both ends is blocked by the external light absorbing layer 106, the image 115 formed in the diffuser 107 becomes difficult to see from both the left and right ends of the viewer. As a result, there was a limit as to the expansion of the horizontal viewing angle 117.

A part of the diffusion material 107 also protrudes from the surface of the cylindrical lenticular lens 105 or the external light absorbing layer 106.

Therefore, the surface of the lenticular lens sheet 102 becomes concave and convex, when the external light 113 is irradiated to the exit light side surface of the lenticular lens sheet 102, the external light reflection 114 occurs, and the screen surface becomes white white, As a result, there is also a problem that deterioration of contrast occurs.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 18, in order to improve the decrease in contrast due to sharpness and external light, a light absorption filter 108 made of glass or plastic having a small light transmittance is disposed. However, in this case, although the contrast can be improved by external light, there is a fundamental problem that color shift, color shading and viewing angle cannot be improved.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a transmissive screen with improved contrast, color shift, color shading and the like, an enlarged horizontal viewing angle, an improved sharpness and brightness, and an improved resolution.

The transmissive screen of the present invention includes a Fresnel lens sheet, a lenticular lens sheet disposed on the outgoing light side of the Fresnel lens sheet, a lenticular lens sheet disposed on the outgoing light side of the Fresnel lens sheet, and a lenticular lens sheet. It is arranged on the exit light side and consists of a front diffusion panel composed of two layers, a diffusion layer and a transparent layer.

The diffusion layer is a thin layer composed of fine particles of optical acidity. The diffusion layer may be composed of, for example, light diffusing fine particles and a binder.

Alternatively, the diffusion layer may be composed of a resin and light diffusing fine particles dispersed in the resin.

To each of the above three components, each screen performance is shared. That is, the directional lens can be made transparent without the diffusion material contained in the lenticular lens sheet by the structure in which the front diffusion panel composed of two layers of the diffusion layer and the transparent layer is disposed on the exit light side closest to the observer.

Therefore, nearly 100% of the light rays incident on the incident light lenticular lens are condensed near the exit light lenticular lens. As a result, color shift, shading and directivity are improved, and the gain is increased by reducing the amount of light loss.

In addition, the diffusion layer forms an image without stray light due to diffuse reflection, and as a result, the resolution is improved. In addition, since the diffusion layer can be made thin, the horizontal viewing angle is obtained close to 180 °, and the horizontal viewing angle is enlarged.

Moreover, the sharpness improves by a transparent layer.

Moreover, it is not necessary to make various lenticular lenses for each specification of the projection type television receiver, the mold investment is reduced, the productivity is improved, and as a result, the cost is reduced.

Of course, the performance specifications of the screen can be easily changed, and the market can be quickly responded.

In addition, since the transparent lenticular lens sheet can be easily produced without the need for replacement of molds and mixing adjustment of the diffusion material and the light absorbing material, cost reduction can be achieved.

In the front diffusion panel, at least one of the diffusion layer and the transparent layer contains either a black material having a substantially constant light absorption spectrum in the visible wavelength region or a visible light absorption material having selective wavelength characteristics. It is also possible.

By this structure, the light absorption in the visible light wavelength region is increased, and the external light contrast can be improved.

At this time, a dye, a dye, a pigment, carbon, a metal salt, etc. can be used as a material which absorbs visible light.

Moreover, external light contrast can also be improved by dyeing a diffusion material predeterminedly.

The absorption spectrum of the visible light absorbing material is not necessarily flat, and may have wavelength characteristics or peaks due to the intensity ratio of the three-color cathode ray tube (CRT) used in the projection type television receiver, the purpose of improving color purity, and the like.

The structure of the Fresnel lens sheet or the diffusion panel may be provided with an antistatic means such as an antistatic film or layer, an antistatic material, an antistatic agent-containing plastic plate, or the like.

By the structure of the antistatic means, dust and dirt adhered by static electricity on the inner surface of the screen which cannot be cleaned conventionally are eliminated, and image blur caused by dust is eliminated, and as a result, sharpness can be obtained.

In addition, a structure in which antireflection means such as an antireflection film, a layer, an antireflection material, or the like is formed on the surface of the Fresnel lens sheet or the front diffusion panel.

By the configuration of the antireflection means, the transmittance of the screen is improved, and as a result, the brightness is improved by about 10%.

In addition, the external light reflection is reduced, and as a result, the external light contrast is improved by 15%, and a good image having a small shape in which unnecessary images due to the external light reflection are reflected can be obtained.

Such a front diffusion panel, an antistatic means or an antireflection means do not require a special manufacturing method, and can be produced at low cost because it can be produced by a conventional manufacturing method.

It is also possible to provide an external light absorbing layer in a predetermined portion of the surface of the lenticular lens sheet.

By this structure, the vertical streaks of the lenticular lens and the external light absorbing layer are not visible to the observer, and the clear layer increases the sharpness, and a bright and high resolution screen can be obtained. As the external light absorbing layer, for example, black stripes formed at equal intervals are possible.

In order to increase the gain of the front diffusion panel and reduce the vertical viewing angle, the diffusion density of the diffusion layer may be reduced.

On the contrary, when the diffusion material of the diffusion layer is increased, the gain is low and a large vertical viewing angle is obtained.

The transmissive screen of the present invention is described in more detail by the following examples.

Example 1

A first embodiment of the transmissive screen of the present invention is described using FIGS. 1 to 11. FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of the configuration of the transmissive screen of the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 shows a sectional view of the main part of FIG.

The transmissive screen 200 includes a Fresnel lens sheet 1 disposed on the incident side of light, a transparent lenticular lens sheet 2 disposed on the light exit side of the Fresnel lens sheet, and the light of the lenticular lens sheet 2. It is arrange | positioned at the exit side and consists of three sheets of the front-diffusion panel 3 which consists of two layers, the diffusion layer 9 containing the light-diffusion material 8, and the transparent layer 10. As shown in FIG.

The diffusion layer 9 is disposed on the side of the emitted light closest to the viewer. A Fresnel lens 4 having a predetermined shape is formed on the emission light side of the Fresnel lens sheet 1. An incident light lenticular lens 5 of a predetermined shape is formed on the incident light side of the lenticular lens sheet 2, and an exiting light lenticular lens 6 of a predetermined shape is formed on the exit light side, and a black stripe is formed on the surface thereof. The external light absorbing layer 7 is provided.

In addition, the light beam becomes the outgoing light 12 from the incident light 11 through the transmissive screen 200 and enters the observer's eye.

The Fresnel lens sheet 1 is made of, for example, acrylic resin, polycarbonate, or the like. The lenticular lens sheet 2 is composed of a transparent resin member, for example, an acrylic resin or a polycarbonate resin, and does not contain a diffusion material.

The front diffusion panel 3 has a main plane 34 closest to the viewer of the transparent layer 10 as a glossy surface.

In the conventional structure shown in FIGS. 17-19, the diffuser 107 corresponding to the light-diffusion material 8 of this invention is disperse | distributed to the lenticular lens sheet 102, and the incident light 109 30% of?) Is diffusely reflected to become diffusely reflected light 111.

16 shows the performance of the lenticular lens of the conventional configuration. In FIG. 16, the luminance distribution (hereinafter referred to as R distribution, G distribution, and B distribution) on each of the screens of red (R), green (G), and blue (B) is compared. The curve 13 of red and the curve 15 of blue vary greatly with respect to the curve 14. That is, as in the curve 16 shown in FIG. 5, the color shift (R / B ratio) is large.

However, in the structure of this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, almost all of the incident light 11 is condensed on the surface of the exiting light lenticular lens 6 as the outgoing light through the incident light lenticular lens 5. As a result, the lens performance can be exhibited to the maximum, and color shift adjustment close to the design value becomes possible.

In the configuration of this embodiment, each of the luminance distributions of R, G, and B has a change in the red curve 17 and the blue curve 19 with respect to the green curve 18 as shown in FIG. Is small.

The color shift becomes the color shift curve 20 as shown in FIG. 5, and the color shift in this embodiment exhibits a great effect of being halved in comparison with the conventional color shift curve 16. As shown in FIG.

In particular, in the conventional screen configuration, a sudden change occurs at a left and right of 15 ° or more, but in the configuration of the present embodiment, the change is gentle at any angle, and almost no color shift can be felt by the actual eye.

Conventionally, the design of the outgoing light lenticular lens for the purpose of adjusting the color shift has been determined by 'trial and error' because it is stray light caused by the diffusion material.

However, in the case of the transparent lenticular lens of the present embodiment, a color shift close to the desired design value can be easily realized. As a result, advantages such as an increase in design freedom, a shortening of the opening period, and a reduction in starting cost are exhibited.

Naturally, if the color shift is reduced, the color shading generated when the screen is viewed from the front is also reduced.

6 shows the measurement results of color shading.

The conventional color shading curve 30 was a color temperature difference of 12000 ° K in the maximum difference between the left and right.

However, the color shading curve 31 of this embodiment is a color temperature difference of 3000 degrees K, and the color temperature difference becomes very small. As a result, the correction in the electric circuit becomes very easy.

The diffusion layer 9 is composed of the interlayer material 8, and functions as an image forming and diffusion by the action of the diffusion material 8.

As for the diffusion layer 9, a thin diffusion layer is more preferable.

The smaller the thickness dimension of the diffusion layer 9 is, the higher the resolution is. For example, when the thickness of the diffusion layer 9 is about 400 µm or less, the resolution begins to improve, and the thinner the thinner, the greater the effect. More preferable effect is obtained in the range of about 0.1-200 micrometers. At about 400 micrometers or more, the effect of the improvement of the resolution decreases.

The diffusion layer 9 is more preferably composed of the diffusion material 8 and the binder. As the diffusing material 8, spherical light diffusing fine particles having a diameter of about 0.1 to 50 µm made of a transparent resin material or a transparent inorganic material are used, and a transparent material is particularly preferable. Moreover, there is no restriction | limiting in particular as a bonding material, The material which adheres the diffusing material 8 to the surface of the transparent layer 10 is used, For example, resin, such as an acrylic resin, polycarbonate, or polyester, is used.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the particle diameter of the diffusing material 8 is equal to or less than about 30 µm, and the thickness of one particle is applied to the main plane of the light incidence side of the front diffusion panel 3. The diffusion material 8 is uniformly dispersed and arranged so that the diffusion layer 9 is formed.

In particular, when the particle diameter of the diffusing material 8 is about 1 to 10 mu m, the improvement in brightness and resolution is remarkable. Of course, even in the range whose particle diameter of the diffusing material 8 is about 1-20 micrometers or about 10-30 micrometers, the brightness improves resolving power greatly.

By the above structure, the light transmittance is increased, the gain of the screen is not lowered, and the vertical and horizontal directivity is improved.

This reason is demonstrated from the following.

When the ball is directed from the transparent material into the air, when the incident angle is large, total reflection occurs and light is not transmitted.

There is a theory that the maximum diffusion direction of transmitted light is the tangential direction of the interface. As shown in FIG. 8, when the incident light 25 is incident from the diffusing surface 24, this theory hardly causes total reflection of the incident light 25, and the direction in which the diffused light proceeds also increases. As a result, the transmittance Or haze increases. On the contrary, as shown in FIG. 9, when the diffused surface 26 is formed in the exit light side, the total reflection light 27 of the incident light 25 is large and the diffusion angle is small, and as a result, the transmittance and the haze are small.

When the front diffusion panel 3 constructed in this example was evaluated by a haze meter, the average particle diameter of the diffusion material 8 was about 5 탆 (nonuniform range of the normal distribution was about 1 to 10 탆), and the diffusion layer In the case of a structure in which the thickness of (9) is uniformly dispersed and arranged such that the thickness of one particle is obtained, a concave convex surface on which the theory shown in Figs. 8 and 9 is established is obtained.

10 and 11 show the results of measuring light transmittance and haze of the incident light 28 from the diffusion layer 9 and the incident light 29 from the plane. As shown in FIG. 11, in all characteristics of the total light transmittance, the diffuse light transmittance, and the haze, the incident light 28 from the diffused surface becomes higher than the incident light 29 from the planar side. This is the same as the results shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 of the above theory. That is, since the diffusion layer 9 is formed on the incident light side, the utilization rate of the light of the front diffusion panel 3 is increased.

As shown in FIG. 2, the diffusion layer 9 does not necessarily have to be uniformly arranged to have a thickness of one particle. That is, the structure in which the diffuser 8 is distributed and installed in a multilayered form is also possible. The diffusion layer 9 may be configured in which the diffusion material 8 is dispersed and contained in a transparent resin such as an acrylic resin, a polycarbonate resin, a polyester resin, an acrylic-styrene copolymer, a polysulfone resin, and the like. There is.

As described above, in the configuration of the lenticular lens sheet made of a transparent member containing no diffusion material, color shift, color shading, resolution, light utilization and the like can be improved.

In the structure of the prior art shown in FIG. 19, the position of the imaging image 115 near the surface of the outgoing light lenticular lens 105 is about 70 to 100 µm lower than the surface position of the external light absorbing layer 106. The limit of the horizontal viewing angle 117 is up to the emission light 112 at both ends. As a result, the outgoing light rays outside of the outgoing light rays 112 at the ends are blocked by the outer light absorbing layer 106, so that images from both the left and right ends are not visible to the observer (limit of viewing angle).

However, as shown in FIG. 7, in the case of the front diffusion panel 3 in this embodiment, an image is imaged in the diffusion layer 9, and is imaged near the surface of the outgoing light lenticular lens 6. There is no burn.

Since the imaging image 21 is formed in the diffusion layer 9, the outgoing light 22 is blocked by the external light absorbing layer 7, but since the imaging image 21 is on the back side of the front diffusion panel, it is the same as the CRT tube of the direct view tube. The horizontal viewing angle 23 is enlarged to almost 180 degrees.

In addition, the thin diffusion layer 9 or at least one of the transparent layer 10 or the diffusion material contains a black material having a substantially constant light absorption spectrum in the visible wavelength region, so that the external light generated by the diffusion material 8 Reflection is prevented and the external light contrast can be improved.

For example, when 30% of black pigments, dyes or pigments were contained, the external light contrast was improved by about 32% on the screen surface to which 360Lux of external light was irradiated.

In addition, even in a structure containing a material having selective wavelength absorption characteristics in the visible wavelength region, the external light contrast is improved.

Moreover, also in the structure containing the diffusing material 8 dyed with the pigment | dye, an external light contrast improves.

In the front diffusion panel 3 of this embodiment, the vertical stems of the lenticular lenses 5 and 6 and the external light absorbing layer 7 are not seen by the viewer by the diffusion layer 9.

Moreover, since the other main plane of the transparent layer 10 which supports the diffusion layer 9 is located nearest to an observer, and comprises the flat mirror surface (glossy surface), a clear feeling can be obtained.

In addition, since external light such as ceiling lighting is reflected obliquely downward and does not reach the observer, external light contrast is also improved. Of course, it is also possible to form concave convex and non-glare without making the said main plane into a mirror surface.

In addition, the thickness of the transparent layer 10 is preferably about 1 to 5 mm. In the case of about 1 mm or less, intensity | strength is weak, a warpage becomes large or it becomes easy to crack. In the case of about 5 mm or more, the weight becomes heavy and the cost increases.

The thickness of the Fresnel lens sheet is, for example, about 1 to 3 mm. In addition, the thickness of the lenticular lens sheet 2 is about 0.5-2 mm, for example.

In the present embodiment, the diffusion layer 9 may be provided on the surface on the observer's side (the surface on the exit side of the transparent layer 10).

Next, an embodiment of the manufacturing method of the transmissive screen of the present invention is described using FIG. The Fresnel lens sheet 1 is formed by press molding sequentially by use of a flat plate press or the like.

The lenticular lens sheet 2 is produced by continuous extrusion molding by using a lens-shaped roll or T-die extrusion machine, or sequentially press molding by using a flat press apparatus. The Fresnel lens sheet 1 and the lenticular lens sheet 2 are made of a transparent resin member such as acrylic resin or polycarbonate resin, and do not contain the diffusion material 9 therein.

Next, the manufacturing method of the front diffusion panel 3 is demonstrated. The diffusion layer 9 formed on the incident light main plane of the transparent layer 10 is manufactured using processing means such as printing, coating, transfer, and painting.

First, the screen printing process will be described below.

The transparent layer 10 is made of transparent plates such as acrylic resin. On the other hand, a mixture composed of a binder composed mainly of a transparent material such as an acrylic resin and a diffusion material 8 of about 15% by weight is produced. Paints and inks having a composition containing a solvent in this mixture are also possible.

Next, the above mixture is printed on the surface of the transparent plate by using a screen printing plate of about 350 mesh. The maximum thickness dimension of the diffusion layer 9 is printed so as to be about 12 mu m. That is, the diffusing material layer 9 is arranged so that the individual particles of the diffusing material 8 are distributed almost uniformly so as to have a thickness corresponding to one of the particles of the diffusing material 8. The surface of the particles is covered with a transparent binder of about 1 to 2 mu m.

Next, the Fresnel lens sheet 10, the lenticular lens sheet, and the front diffusion panel are assembled in this order and assembled. A transmissive screen is thus produced.

7 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the main part of the transmissive screen shown in FIG. As the diffusion material 8, for example, a bead member made of a transparent acrylic resin member or the like having an average particle diameter of about 5 mu m (particle diameter nonuniformity range 1-10 mu m) is used.

As the material of the diffusion material 8, in addition to the above, resin beads made of polystyrene, polycarbonate, acrylic-styrene-copolymer or the like, glass beads or the like can be used.

As described above, the performance of a three-layer transmissive screen consisting of the front diffusion panel 3, the Fresnel lens 1, and the lenticular lens 2 has a gain of 5 and a brightness equal to 1/3 of the maximum luminance (hereinafter, referred to as a "small"). The angle at which the horizontal viewing angle was 50 ° and the vertical viewing angle T was 1/3 of the maximum luminance (hereinafter referred to as βV) at an angle of βII) was 12 ° (11 ° in FIG. 15). In contrast, in the screen of the prior art shown in FIG. 17, the gain was 4.7, the horizontal viewing angle was 45 degrees, and the vertical viewing angle was 11 degrees.

The thickness dimension of the diffusion layer 9 is about 0.1-200 micrometers. Therefore, the particle diameter of the diffusion material 8 can be used up to about 200㎛, but considering the printing plate, printing process and print workability, about 50㎛ or less is preferred, the average particle diameter is about 5㎛ Most preferred.

The printing method is not limited to screen printing, and various printing methods such as gravure printing, offset printing and roll coating can also be used. Depending on the printing method, the particle diameter and the mixing ratio of the diffusing material may be appropriately combined and printed under optimum printing conditions.

By any method other than the above printing method, the front diffusion panel may be manufactured. For example, the diffusion material 8 is attached to the surface of the polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film in advance by means of coating or coating, and the attached diffusion material 8 is applied to a hot stamp or press work. By the means, the method of transferring to one main plane of the transparent layer 10 is also possible.

Example 2

A second embodiment of the transmissive screen of the invention is described using FIG. 12 is a sectional view of the main portion of the transmissive screen of the second embodiment. The transmissive screen 300 differs greatly in construction from the transmissive screen 200 of Example 1 in that the diffuser 8A contained in the diffused layer 9A is dispersed and mixed in multiple layers. The other components are the same as those of the transmissive screen of Embodiment 1 shown in FIG.

The optimum average particle diameter of the diffusing material 8A is about 15 µm (about 5 to 25 µm as a normal distribution nonuniformity dimension range of the particle diameter). Moreover, the thickness dimension of 9 A of diffusion layers is about 5-200 micrometers. The performance of the transmissive screen 300 configured as described above has almost the same effects as in the first embodiment.

In this embodiment, an extrusion molding method is used as the manufacturing method of the front diffusion panel 3A. The process is described below using FIG. 15.

First, a mixture of a diffusion material and a transparent resin such as an acrylic resin is compression molded, and a diffusion layer 9 is made. On the other hand, 10 A of transparent layers are produced by extrusion molding of transparent resins, such as an acrylic resin. Both of these are stacked and integrated in an extrusion process or other process.

As another manufacturing method of the front diffusion panel 3A, first, a diffusion layer 9A of a film sheet having a thickness dimension of about 0.1 to 0.2 mm in which the diffusion material is uniformly dispersed in a multilayer is prepared, and a transparent layer ( 10A) is compression molded, and the diffusion layer 9A and the transparent layer 10A are laminated and bonded.

The production method of the Fresnel lens sheet 1 and the lenticular lens sheet 2 is the same as that of the first embodiment. The Fresnel lens sheet 1, the lenticular lens sheet 2, and the front diffusion panel 3A are stacked and assembled in this order, whereby a transmissive screen 300 is produced. Thus, the diffusion panel which comprises the transmissive screen 300 of a present Example can be manufactured cheaply and simply using a conventional manufacturing method and apparatus.

In addition, in the second embodiment, it is preferable that the particle size is about 5 to 25 µm and the particle size is used for the diffusion material 8A.

In addition, the excretion position of the diffusion layer 9A is arbitrary, and it is not necessary to necessarily be provided on the lenticular lens sheet 2 side.

For example, the diffusion layer 9A may be disposed on the surface on the observer's side (the surface on the outgoing light side of the transparent layer 10A).

Example 3

A third embodiment of the transmissive screen of the present invention is described using FIG. Fig. 13 is a sectional view of the main portion of the transmissive screen of the third embodiment. The third embodiment aims at improving the contrast of external light, preventing the appearance of unnecessary images due to external light reflection, and obtaining a clear image without adhesion of dust or dirt, and comprising antistatic means and antireflection means. It is done.

As the antistatic means, an antistatic film or layer, an antistatic plate containing an antistatic agent and an antistatic agent, or the like is used.

As the antireflection means, an organic plastic material or an inorganic material is used, and a film or layer made of a material having a low refractive index is particularly preferable.

In FIG. 13, the antistatic film 32 is provided on the light incident light side plane of the Fresnel lens sheet 1B and on the main plane side closest to the observer of the diffusion panel 3B, thereby adhering to dust and dirt due to static electricity. This is avoided.

In addition, the antireflection film 33 is provided on at least one surface of the Fresnel lens sheet 1B, the lenticular lens sheet 2B, and the diffusion panel 3B, thereby improving external light contrast and unnecessary images due to external light reflection. An image without this reflected shape is obtained.

The antireflection film is provided on all surfaces of the Fresnel lens sheet 1B, the lenticular lens sheet 2B, and the diffusion panel 3B, so that particularly excellent effects are obtained.

First, an antistatic film 32 is provided on predetermined surfaces of the Fresnel lens sheet 1B and the diffusion panel 3B, respectively.

Next, an antireflection film 33 is formed on at least one surface of the antistatic film 32.

By the above configuration, even if static electricity due to friction or electric charge is generated, charging by static electricity on the surface of the antireflection film 33 is prevented.

The theory of the antireflection film is to use the interference effect of light, and the thickness of the thin film is λ / (4n) (λ: wavelength of light, n: refractive index of the material forming the thin film), whereby the reflectance of light of wavelength λ is lowered, and the transmittance Will grow.

As the antireflection film in this embodiment, the transparent resin member (for example, acrylic resin (n = 1.49), polycarbonate (n = 1.57), polystyrene (n = 1.59), acrylic-styrene-co) constituting the screen substrate A polymer having a lower refractive index than a polymer (n = 1.51 to 1.57), and a transparent fluorine resin composition (trademark: manufactured by Asahi Glass Co., Ltd., trade name: CYTOP, n = 1.34) was used.

The surface resistance of the CYTOP is 10 ¹⁶ Ω, which is the same as that of the screen substrate and is very large. Therefore, static electricity generated by drying of air or friction with other materials is easily generated, and once charged, it does not attenuate for a long time.

Usually, in the case where the antistatic film of 10 ¹¹ ohms-10 ¹² ohms was formed in the above screen base material, even if static electricity was charged by friction etc., the static electricity was attenuated for a short time of 1-2 seconds.

However, in the configuration in which the antireflection film with high surface resistance is formed on the surface of the antistatic film as in the present embodiment, it has been found that the static electricity does not attenuate in a short time by the conventional antistatic treatment.

Various experiments were performed as this countermeasure. As a result, it was found that the anti-reflection film was made into an ultra-thin film of λ / (4n) or less and the surface resistance was 10 ¹⁰ Ω or less, so that no static electricity was generated, and even after charging, it was halved or attenuated after 1-2 seconds. It became.

Antistatic resin materials are commercially available.

Therefore, a resin plate or a resin material having a surface resistance of 10 ¹⁰ Ω or less is used, and a structure in which an antireflection film such as a low refractive index metal oxide, an inorganic material, or a surfactant is coated on the surface of the antistatic film.

When the CYTOP thin film is coated on the antistatic resin plate, there is a problem in that the adhesion strength is weak and the CYTOP thin film is easily peeled off when the surface is lightly wiped with a cloth or the like. For example, the CYTOP thin film was peeled off by a friction test two to three times at a load of 500 g.

In order to prevent this and to strengthen the adhesive strength, any one of silane coupling agent treatment, active energy treatment or primer treatment can be used. By such a treatment, the adhesion strength was improved up to 10 times.

Further, as an antistatic agent, rubber El with an anchor effect of combining a carboxylic acid group chemically CYTOP (catalytic chemical conversion, Ltd. trade name, surface ^{resistance: 10 7 Ω ~ 10 8 Ω} , SnO 2 and a chlorinated resin and cyclohexane vinyl acetate As a result of using a special ink for printing made of a hexane-ethyl acetate cellulose solvent], the adhesion strength of the CYTOP thin film was 100 times (peeled off by 250 to 300 times of friction tests), and the generation of static electricity was also eliminated.

As the method of applying the antistatic material, for example, screen printing can be used. The coating film thickness is about 0.1-3 micrometers.

In the manufacture of the diffusion panel 3B, the diffusion layer 9B is first printed on the incident light surface of the transparent layer 10B, and then the el rubber as an antistatic material is printed on the light exit surface of the transparent layer 10B. In this way, an antistatic film 32 was formed. In this case, the antistatic film 32 may be printed first, and then the diffusion layer 9B may be printed.

After the antistatic material treatment described above, the antireflection film 33 is formed to have a thickness of? / (4n) on a predetermined surface by, for example, a dip coating means. The antireflection film 33 is provided on the surfaces of all three substrates constituting the transmissive screen.

However, the antireflection film 33 may be provided in at least one of the screen substrates, and in this case, the same effects as described above can be obtained.

Table 1 shows a comparison of the performance of the transmissive screen of the present example and the conventional transmissive screen. However, in Table 1, α is a viewing angle of 1/2 of the central luminance, β is a viewing angle of 1/3 of the median luminance, γ is a viewing angle of 1/5 of the central luminance, and δ is 1 / of the central luminance. The viewing angle is 10.

From Table 1, it can be seen that the transmissive screen according to the present embodiment has the following characteristics as compared with the conventional transmissive screen.

High gain and external light cost.

The vertical viewing angle and the horizontal viewing angle are enlarged.

Color shift is reduced by about half.

Shading is reduced to about 1/4.

Claims (24)

A transmissive screen comprising a Fresnel lens sheet, a lenticular lens sheet disposed on the outgoing light side of the Fresnel lens sheet, and a front diffusion panel disposed on the outgoing light side of the lenticular lens sheet and composed of a diffusion layer and a transparent layer. . The transmissive screen according to claim 1, wherein the Fresnel lens sheet is transparent. The transmissive screen according to claim 1, wherein said lenticular lens sheet is transparent. The transmissive screen according to claim 1, wherein said diffusion layer comprises at least an optically acidic particle-shaped diffusion material. The transmissive screen according to claim 4, wherein the transmissive screen is uniformly dispersed so as to have a thickness dimension of about one particle of the diffusion material. 5. The transmissive screen according to claim 4, wherein the diffusion material has an average particle diameter of about 5 mu m and a particle size distribution of about 1 to 10 mu m. The transmissive screen according to claim 1, wherein the diffusing material comprises a binder and a light diffusing particle-shaped diffusing material. The transmissive screen according to claim 1, wherein the diffusing material comprises a transparent resin material and a light diffusing particle-shaped diffusing material. The transmissive screen according to claim 1, wherein the transparent layer is provided on the exit light side. The transmissive screen according to claim 1, wherein the diffusion layer contains a transparent light diffusing particulate-like diffusing material having a diameter of about 0.1 to 50 mu m and a thickness of about 0.1 to 200 mu m. The transmissive screen according to claim 1, wherein the main plane of the light exiting side of the transparent layer is one of a mirror state and a state having fine concave convex. The transmissive screen according to claim 1, wherein the diffusion layer comprises a diffusion material dyed with a pigment. The visible light absorbing material according to claim 1, further comprising at least one selected from the diffusion layer and the transparent layer, a black material having a substantially constant light absorption spectrum in a visible wavelength region, and a visible light absorbing material having selective wavelength characteristics. A transmissive screen comprising one. A fresnel lens sheet, a transparent lenticular lens sheet disposed on the output light side of the fresnel lens sheet, a front diffusion panel disposed on the output light side of the lenticular lens sheet, and comprising a diffusion layer and a transparent layer; A transmissive screen comprising an antistatic means provided on an incident light surface and a surface of an exit light side of the diffusion panel. 15. The transmissive screen according to claim 14, wherein the antistatic means is a thin film containing tin oxide fine powder having a particle diameter of about 0.05 to 0.5 mu m, and the surface resistance of the thin film is about 10 ¹⁰ Ω or less. A fresnel lens sheet, a transparent lenticular lens sheet disposed on the outgoing light side of the fresnel lens sheet, a front diffusion panel disposed on the outgoing light side of the lenticular lens sheet, comprising a diffusion layer and a transparent layer, and the Fresnel lens sheet And an anti-reflection means provided on at least one surface selected from the group of the lenticular lens sheet and the front diffusion panel. 17. The transmissive screen according to claim 16, wherein said antireflection means has a refractive index lower than that of said Fresnel lens sheet, said lens circular lens sheet, and said front diffusion panel. 17. The transmissive screen according to claim 16, wherein said diffusion layer comprises at least a light diffusing particle-shaped diffusion material. A fresnel lens sheet, a transparent lens cylindrical lens sheet disposed on the outgoing light side of the fresnel lens sheet, a front diffusion panel disposed on the outgoing light side of the lenticular lens sheet and composed of a diffusion layer and a transparent layer; The antistatic film disposed on the incident light side and the exit light side of the diffusion panel, the antistatic film, the exit light side of the Fresnel lens sheet, the incident light side of the diffusion panel, and the incident light side and the exit light side of the lenticular lens sheet. Transmissive screen, characterized in that consisting of an anti-reflection film installed on the surface. The antireflection film according to claim 19, wherein the antireflection film has a refractive index lower than that of the Fresnel lens sheet, the lenticular lens sheet, and the front diffusion panel, and d; λ / (4n). (Wherein d is the thickness of the antireflection film, λ is the wavelength of light, n is the refractive index of the Fresnel lens sheet, the lenticular lens sheet, and the front diffusion panel). A Fresnel lens sheet (a), a lenticular lens sheet (b), a transparent plate (1) and a binder and a light diffusing diffusing material on the surface (C) preparing a front diffusion panel by the step (2) of installing the diffusion layer by one method selected from printing, transfer, coating and application of the mixture, the fresnel lens sheet, the lenticular lens sheet and The manufacturing method of the transmissive screen comprising a step (d) of combining the front diffusion panel by overlapping. Extrusion of the diffusion layer and the second transparent resin prepared by the step (a) of forming a Fresnel lens sheet, the step (b) of forming a lenticular lens sheet, and by extrusion molding a mixture of a diffusion material and a first transparent resin. And a step (c) of forming a front diffusion panel by laminating and integrating the transparent resin produced by molding, and a step (d) of combining the Fresnel lens sheet, the lenticular lens sheet and the front diffusion panel together. Method of manufacturing a transmissive screen, characterized in that. The process (c) according to claim 22, wherein the step (c) comprises extruding the mixture comprising the diffusion material and the first transparent resin to form the diffusion layer, and extrusion molding the second transparent resin, And a step (3) of forming said transparent layer, and a step (3) of laminating said diffusion layer and said transparent layer and integrating them to form said front diffusion panel. 23. The process (1) according to claim 22, wherein the step (c) comprises a step (1) of forming a film sheet-shaped diffusion layer by extrusion molding a mixture composed of the diffusion material and the first transparent resin, and the film sheet-shaped diffusion layer. And (2) forming the front diffusion panel by extruding the second transparent resin on the surface of the substrate, stacking and integrating the diffusion layer and the transparent layer to form the front diffusion panel.