KR100210286B1 - Locking wavy spring washer and manufacture thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates mainly to the improvement of the corrugated spring washer for bolts used in the automotive industry, and to provide a new corrugated spring washer with improved anti-loosening function compared to the conventional corrugated spring washer and a method of manufacturing the same.

The present invention provides a portion having a V-shaped groove on the outer diameter side and the inner diameter side of the width spring of the corrugated spring washer without the V-shaped groove, while forming the V-shaped grooves of various shapes on the remaining curved portion. In this V-shaped groove, the friction coefficient is increased to prevent loosening of the corrugated spring washer.

Description

Corrugated Spring Washer for Preventing Looseness and Manufacturing Method

The present invention relates to a corrugated spring washer and a method for manufacturing the same, which are assembled in the bolt used in the industry for preventing loosening, in particular to improve the shape of the corrugated spring washer.

Corrugated spring washers are commonly used in the automotive industry under the trade name SPAK (registered trademark of a third party), and their shape follows the shape defined in DIN 127-1970 (the current standard is obsolete).

These corrugated spring washers have many advantages over other types of spring washers (e.g., Japanese Industrial Standards (JIS) B1251), which have a large spring reaction force and an equal effect of the spring reaction force, as well as a large anti-loosening effect. There has been a steady demand.

Although it is not a corrugated spring washer, an attempt has been made to improve the shape of an existing spring washer similar to the object of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 6 of Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 56-15815 (1981). Spring washers are known.

A method for manufacturing the corrugated spring washer itself is disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 43-28312 (1968), and the present invention also uses such a manufacturing method and apparatus.

An object of the present invention is to provide a V-shaped groove on the width surface of the corrugated spring washer in contact with the bolt and the member to be joined to further increase the bolt's anti-loosening effect.

The technique of preventing loosening by forming a jagged portion on the seat surface of the bolt is already known, and the formation of a jagged portion on a spring washer is disclosed in Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 56-15819 (1981). It is described.

However, the design disclosed in the Japanese Utility Model Laid Open Publication has a technically fatal defect because it forms a jagged portion on the entire surface of the upper and lower widths of the spring washer. That is, in the case where the spring washer configured in this manner is actually fixed to the bolt and used, the opening of the spring washer is eliminated, so that the spring washer is in close contact with the bolt and the mating surface to form a plane.

In such a case, since a large tensile force acts on the outer circumferential side of the spring washer, the jagged portion reaching the outer circumferential surface is likely to be cut off, and accordingly, the stress concentration increases, so that the spring washer is cracked and thus withstands further use. It becomes impossible.

In addition, these spring washers were confirmed to be still broken even when the torsion test specified in Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS) B1251 was performed.

It is still another object of the present invention to provide a plurality of anti-loosening V-shaped grooves in the corrugated spring washers, which further improves the anti-loosening effect compared to the conventional corrugated spring washers, and at the same time, does not cause cracking during use. The invention provides a method of manufacturing a corrugated spring washer that is automatically and continuously engraved with a V-shaped groove for preventing pulleys.

1 is a schematic view showing an arrangement of a conventional release rolling apparatus.

2 is a view schematically showing a state in which the pressing unit according to the present invention is installed in the middle of the release rolling apparatus shown in FIG.

3 (a) to 3 (d) schematically show processes for manufacturing a conventional corrugated spring washer, respectively, and FIG. 3 (a) shows a continuous extension and annealing process, and FIG. 3 (b). 3 is a drawing showing a release rolling process, a drawing winding and cutting process in FIG. 3 (c), and a pressing process in FIG. 3 (d).

4 is a perspective view schematically showing the indentation unit according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view showing the indentation roller of the indentation unit shown in FIG.

6 (a) to 6 (c) are views showing a wave spring washer with V-shaped grooves in the direction of preventing flamming, respectively. FIG. 6 (a) is a plan view and FIG. 6 (b) is a left side. Figure 6 (c) is a right side view.

7 (a) and 7 (b) are views showing a corrugated spring washer with a V-shaped groove engraved in a direction resistant to loosening on the seat surface of the bolt and the contact surface with the member to be joined, respectively. (a) is a front view, and (b) is a rear view.

8 is a schematic view showing a release rolled material inscribed with a V-shaped groove.

9 (a) to 9 (c) show the waveform spring washers in which the V-shaped grooves are engraved, respectively, in which the ninth (a) is a plan view, the ninth (b) is a left side view, and 9 (c) is a right side view.

FIG. 10 is a view showing waveform spring washers in which scale V-shaped grooves are engraved, respectively. FIG. 10 (a) is a front view and FIG. 10 (b) is a rear view.

11 is a cross-sectional view of the release rolling material inscribed with the V-shaped groove.

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a rolled release material for showing scaly V-shaped grooves carved into a corrugated spring washer. FIG.

FIG. 13 (a) is a plan view in which the V-shaped grooves of FIG. 7 (a) are chopped to make the friction coefficient larger, and FIG. 14 (b) is the cut in the V-shaped grooves of 10 (a) by chopped the friction coefficient It is enlarged floor plan.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

1: Coil 2: Straightening Roller

3: sub-type rolling unit 4: drum

5 round member 6

7: tacking unit 8: frame

9: Pressure adjusting screw (for press roller) 10: Adjustment screw (for guide roller)

11: tack roller 12: tack roller holder

13: T-shaped groove 14: Screw (with T-shaped protrusion)

15: guide roller 16: shaft hole

17: release rolled material

According to the present invention, a plurality of anti-loosening V-shaped grooves are provided on the width surface of the corrugated spring washers, but the inner circumferential side and the outer circumferential side of the width springs of the corrugated spring washers are provided without a predetermined amount of V-shaped grooves.

Japanese Industrial Standards (JIS) B1251 has chamfers or rounded parts on the inner diameter side to avoid interference with the rounded parts under the bolt heads. For reference, the catalogs of the manufacturers are not defined in the predetermined dimensions because the thickness of the width portion is thinner than the spring washer.

According to the present invention, the width inner and outer diameters of the corrugated spring washers are left with portions not provided with any V-shaped grooves with dimensions somewhat larger than the chamfers or rounded portions of the spring washers prescribed in Japanese Industrial Standard B1251. This is because it is considered that it is safe to use the wave spring washer exactly as specified in the spring washer.

The size of the portion where no V-shaped groove is provided is about 1/5 to 1/4 of the width. The size of these parts is 1/5 to 1/4 to prevent the V-shaped grooves provided on the width surface from reaching the chamfers or rounded portions on the inner and outer diameter sides, while not having the V-shaped grooves. When the corrugated spring washers are used, these parts are compressed so that the V-shaped grooves are not cut off due to the compressive force acting on the outer diameter portion of the upper and lower surfaces and the tensile force acting on the inner diameter portion, so that stress concentration is not considered. There is no risk of cracking.

The depth of the V-shaped groove does not have to be very deep, but only as long as the coefficient of friction of the width surface is frozen.

According to the present invention, at the inner diameter side and the outer diameter side of the corrugated spring washer, the portion having the size of 1/5 to 1/4 of the width surface is provided with a not-shaped V-shaped groove, and all other surfaces are provided with the loosening of the bolt. The friction coefficient of the surface can be increased by providing a spiral V-shaped groove in the resisting direction, or the coefficient of friction can be increased by engraving the scale shape.

The reason why the shape of the scale is engraved is that the manufacturing method is similar to that of the spiral shape and the same effect is obtained.

Similarly, instead of the helical shape or the scale shape, similar V-shaped grooves can be formed in a chopped shape to increase the friction coefficient simply, thereby increasing the friction coefficient of the surface of the wave spring washer. .

When combining the corrugated spring washer with the bolt, if the V-shaped groove is carved on the width surface of the corrugated spring washer, the opposing member contacting the V-shaped groove causes plastic deformation and expands slightly in the V-shaped groove to increase the coefficient of friction. do. This can be clearly seen from the fact that the indentation is clearly recorded on the opposite member in contact with the V-shaped groove. In particular, the effect is great when the member to be joined is a soft material such as cast or aluminum.

In the manufacture of the spring washer is usually used a release rolling device, in the present invention, the pressure-sensitive unit according to the present invention is placed in the back of the release rolling unit installed in such a release rolling device to engrave a V-shaped groove in the wave spring washer. Do. That is, the vertical rolling member in the form of a continuously extending round wire member is fixed to the standing unit after processing by the rolling unit, and then the V-shaped groove is formed in the rolling member by the pressing roller of the pressing unit with the knurling tool. Carve it out.

Up to four tack rollers and up to four guide rollers are fixed to the tack unit, and are configured to apply pressure while passing the release rolling material between these rollers, and each roller is provided with an adjustment screw.

The pressure adjusting screw of the vertical roller is provided so as to adjust the depth of the V-shaped groove carved into the release rolling material by applying pressure to the release rolling material.

Since both sides of the release rolling material are inclined with a predetermined paper, the pressing roller is fixed to the frame inclined through the pressing roller holder so as to fit the angle.

The straight lines of each of the plurality of V-shaped grooves which are inscribed on the upper and lower width surfaces of the release rolling material can be selected to be freely changed depending on the angle of the knurling tool attached to the pressing roller and the scale number of the knurling tool.

According to the present invention, after forming a straight V-shaped groove in the release rolling material in this way, it is possible to form a variety of shapes having a V-shaped groove on the width surface of the corrugated spring washer while pulling out the rolling material. Anti-loosening corrugated spring washers can be manufactured.

[Action]

When the corrugated spring washer with the V-shaped grooves inscribed on the width is assembled to the bolts, the mating member, such as the seat surface of the bolt or the member to be joined, which is in contact with the V-shaped grooves causes plastic deformation by the bolt's axial force. The coefficient of friction is increased by slightly expanding in the V-shaped groove. This can be clearly seen from the fact that the indentation is clearly recorded on the opposite member in contact with the V-shaped groove.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[Example]

The manufacturing method of the wave spring washer currently used includes (1) the process of continuously stretching and annealing the material, (2) the process of release rolling, (3) the process of pulling and cutting, and ( 4) A press working process is included, which is described in detail in Japanese Patent Publication No. 43-28312 (1968 publication). The process of forming the V-shaped groove according to the present invention is a process performed after the process of release rolling.

Among the accompanying drawings, FIG. 1 is a view schematically showing a conventional release rolling device, and FIG. 2 is made by engraving a V-shaped groove of an anti-loosening waveform spring washer according to the present invention in the middle of such a conventional release rolling device. It is a schematic diagram showing that the indentation unit 7 is installed.

As shown in FIG. 4, a maximum of four guide rollers 15 and a maximum of four tack rollers 11 each having a knurling tool are fixed to the tack unit 7 (two guide rollers each). 15 and the stamping roller 11 are located inward in a direction perpendicular to the ground of FIG. 4, and thus are not shown in the drawing). The stamping rollers 11 with knurled tools are respectively shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 5, the four pressing roller holders 12 engraved in the T-shaped groove 13 are rotatably supported by shafts (not shown) and shaft holes 16, respectively. The roller holder 12 is held on the frame so that the roller holder 12 can move in a substantially vertical direction by a pressure adjusting screw 9 having a T-shaped projection (the two lower pressure adjusting screws 9 are not shown). In addition, the frame is provided with a maximum of four female screws (not shown) for tightening the pressure adjusting screw 9.

That is, since four pressure rollers 11 are provided, four pressure adjustment screws 9 are also provided, and each of the four guide rollers 15 also has guide roller holders (not shown) similarly to the pressure rollers 11. The guide roller holder is provided with a T-shaped groove, and each of the guide roller holders is rotatably held in a horizontal direction by an adjusting screw 10 having a T-shaped protrusion. Of course, all four adjustment screws 10 for the guide roller 15 are provided, but the two on the right side are not shown in FIG. In addition, at least four female screws (not shown) are provided on the frame for tightening the adjusting screw 10 for holding the guide roller holder, which is exactly the same as the case of the tack roller 11.

Referring to one embodiment, in the case of a corrugated spring washer having a size of about 3 to 12 mm, one surface of the release rolling material 17 is approximately as shown in FIGS. 5, 8, and 12. Since it is manufactured to make a taper (tilt) of about 4 degrees, in view of this, the pressure roller holder, the pressure roller, and the pressure adjusting screw are also inclined by 4 degrees each.

This is because when the release rolling material 17 is pulled and wound, that is, when the release rolling material 17 is processed into a planar shape before pressing, the thick portion of the release rolling material 17 is formed into a thin portion of the flat shape and the release rolling material ( Since the thin portion of 17) is formed into a thick portion of a planar shape, in consideration of this, both surfaces of the release rolling material 17 are respectively tapered to be manufactured.

The guide roller 15 does not need to be inclined at 4 degrees like the tack roller 11, and only needs to be able to apply pressure while guiding the release rolling material 17 in the horizontal direction.

Now, the process of carving the V-shaped groove in the release rolling material 17 by using the two tack rollers 11 and the two guide rollers 15 seen in front of the tack unit 7 as shown in FIG. Will be described. The other two tack rollers 11 and the guide rollers 15 will be described in a state of being removed once.

That is, as shown in FIG. 8, the process of engraving the V-shaped groove inclined 30 degrees with respect to the advancing direction of the release rolling material 17 on one surface of the release rolling material 17 will be described. Of course, the opposite surface (lower surface in FIG. 8) is formed with the V-shaped grooves inclined in the opposite direction. Both surfaces of the release rolling material 17 form a straight line in a tapered shape, and when this is pulled up in the following process, the thick portion of the release rolling material 17 becomes a flat thin portion, that is, an outer diameter. It is formed on the side, since the thin portion of the release rolling material 17 is formed in a thick portion of the planar shape, that is, the inner diameter side, the outer peripheral side is extended by a large tensile force around the center of the width of the release rolling material, the compressive force is applied to the inner peripheral side Works.

That is, when the release rolling material 17 is pulled and wound, it becomes a flat shape centering on the center of the width of the release rolling material 17, and the outer diameter side and the inner diameter side are in a state where the circumferential lengths are different from each other. Due to this, the V-shaped grooves carved into the release rolling material 17 become a helical spiral shape, and then formed into the shape of the product by cutting and pressing (a step of bending the coil wound once with two acid waves). This is a spiral V-shaped groove that prevents loosening when the screw is fixed to the right side screw (see Figs. 7 (a) and (b)).

To provide a portion of the corrugated spring washer according to the present invention in which a portion of the inner circumference portion and the outer circumference portion of the corrugated spring washer is not provided with a V-shaped groove in a predetermined size, the position of the guide roller 15 of the pressing unit 7 is adjusted by the adjustment screw 10 To the center of the width side of the release rolling material 17 by using a knurling tool having a width in which the thick and thin portions of the release rolling material 17 are not provided with a V-shaped groove in a predetermined size. What is necessary is just to rotate the tack roller 11.

Next, a process of forming a V-shaped groove in the release rolling material 17 by using the four pressing rollers 11 and the four guide rollers 15 of the pressing unit 7 will be described.

In the stamping unit 7 shown in FIG. 4, two upper stamping rollers 11 are arranged to be inclined at an angle of 30 degrees with respect to the traveling direction of the release rolling material 17 (see FIG. 12). When the release rolling material is moved between these tack rollers 11, a plurality of V-shaped grooves as shown in FIG. 12 are carved on the upper surface of the release rolling material 17, and the bottom 2 of the tacking unit 7 is moved. When a similar process is performed using four press rollers 11, a plurality of V-shaped grooves are engraved on the lower surface of the release rolling material 17. Of course, only one embodiment in which the angle between the two pressing rollers 11 are arranged at 30 degrees.

As described above, the rolled rolled material 17 is wound in the same manner as in the case of the corrugated spring washer engraved with a spiral V-shaped groove, and cut and pressed in a flat shape to have a large coefficient of friction. Corrugated spring washers with V-shaped grooves can be manufactured (see FIG. 10).

Making the V-shaped grooves in the form of spirals and scales in the direction to resist loosening of bolts has been described so far, and when the number of knurling tools is finely cut, as shown in Fig. 13 (a), V-shaped grooves can be engraved, and even if the V-shaped grooves on the scale are cut, if the scale of the knurling tool is cut, a considerable number of V-shaped grooves can be formed on the upper and lower surfaces of the corrugated spring washer as shown in Fig. 13 (b) In this case, the frictional coefficient is increased, thereby increasing the anti-loosening effect. Therefore, by changing the scale phenomenon of the knurling tool provided to the tack roller 11, V-shaped grooves of various shapes can be made in the width surface of the corrugated spring washer.

Spiral V-shaped groove to prevent loosening on only one surface of the corrugated spring washer by using two guide rollers 15 and one tack roller 1 and a support roller instead of one tack roller 11 You can also engrave it. In addition, by using four guide rollers 15 shown in FIG. 4, two tack rollers 11 at the top and two support rollers at the bottom, a plurality of V-shaped grooves having a scale shape on only one surface of the corrugated spring washer. You can also engrave it. The supporting roller consists of a disc without knurled tools.

The present invention is configured as described so far, and provides the following effects.

When the V-shaped groove is made by engraving the width of the corrugated spring washer and assembled with the bolt, the seat surface of the bolt in contact with the V-shaped groove and the other member such as the member to be engaged cause plastic deformation by force in the axial direction of the bolt. Since it expands slightly in the V-shaped groove, the friction coefficient becomes large, and the anti-loosening effect is increased.

In the case of bolts not subjected to heat treatment such as hardening and tempering, it is effective to engrave V-shaped grooves on the width of the spring washer as well. However, the effect is greater when the member to be joined is a relatively soft member such as cast or aluminum.

Deformation Roll Form The thin part of the deformed rolling material is formed into the thin part of the outer circumference of the product by the pulling process, the cutting process, and the pressing process. In this pulling process, even if a very high tensile force is applied, the outer circumference of the spring washer is designed to not engrave the V-shaped groove with the size of about / 5 ~ 1/4, so stress concentration due to cutout during the pulling process There is no fear of cracking because it disappears.

The part not provided with the V-shaped groove in the predetermined size was provided in the inner circumferential part and the outer circumferential part of the spring washer. Therefore, when it is used as a product, when the corrugated part is flattened by the compressive force, a tension force acts on the inner circumference and a compression force acts on the outer circumference. Even if there is no fear of cracking due to stress concentration due to cutting.

The ordinary release rolling device itself is not changed in any way, and by simply arranging the pressing unit between the release rolling unit and the drum, V-shaped grooves can be easily engraved into various shapes on the upper and lower sides of the release rolling material or only on one surface thereof. It is possible to make various V-shaped grooves on the width surface of the corrugated spring washer by winding, cutting, and pressing the release rolled material.

In addition, the tack unit is provided with a guide roller with an adjustment screw and a tack roller with a pressure adjustment screw. The tack roller with a knurling tool is arranged to be inclined according to the tapered (inclined) angle of the release rolling material, and is straight. Since the angle of inclination and the number of scales of the upper knurling tool can be changed, it is possible to easily create a corrugated spring washer with various shapes of anti-loosening V-grooves on both sides or only one surface of the width of the spring washer. .

Claims (7)

Waveform spring washer characterized in that the inner diameter side and the outer diameter side of the width surface is provided with a portion having no V-shaped groove at a predetermined size and the remaining curved portion is engraved with a plurality of V-shaped grooves to prevent loosening. On the inner diameter side and the outer diameter side of the width surface, a portion having no V-shaped groove is provided in a predetermined size, while the remaining curved portion is in a direction that resists the direction in which the bolt is unscrewed by the seat surface of the bolt and the contact surface with the object to be joined. Corrugated spring washers, each of which is engraved with a plurality of spiral V-shaped grooves to prevent loosening. Waveform spring washer, characterized in that the inner diameter side and the outer diameter side of the width surface is provided with a portion having no V-shaped groove at a predetermined size and the remaining curved portion is engraved with a plurality of scale-shaped anti-loosening V-shaped groove. Rotatably supporting the four tack rollers with the four guide rollers and the knurling tool to the respective holders, fixing the respective holders to the frame, and adjusting the position of the respective holders with the respective adjustment screws. Arranging to be movable by means of squeezing, and squeezing the releasing roller holder so as to conform to the inclination of the releasing rolling material while guiding and inserting and releasing a release rolling material between the pressing roller and between the guide rollers, respectively. And adjusting the depth of the V-shaped groove by applying pressure with a pressure adjusting screw, and providing a portion without a V-shaped groove having a predetermined size on the inner diameter side and the outer diameter side of the front and back width surfaces of the release rolling material. The remaining front and back planes are engraved with a plurality of straight V-shaped grooves by the knurling tool, and then pulled, cut, And completing the release rolled material with a corrugated spring washer by press working. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein the guide rollers and the tack rollers with the knurling tool are arranged at two insertion sides of the release rolling material. The predetermined size of only one surface of the said release rolling material of Claim 4 by the said one tack roller with a knurling tool, the one support roller provided facing the said tack roller, and the said two guide rollers. The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of providing a portion having no V-shaped grooves. The method according to claim 4, wherein the knurling tool is attached by two tack rollers arranged upwardly or two tack rollers arranged downward, support rollers respectively installed facing the tack rollers, and four guide rollers. And providing a portion having no V-shaped groove in a predetermined size on only one surface of the release rolled material.