KR100210238B1 - Magnetic holding device - Google Patents

Abstract

The magnetic fixing device of the present invention relates to a magnetic fixing device for fixing a magnetic body and releasing the fixing state by using a permanent magnet and an excitation coil, and selectively switching the fixing part for fixing the magnetic body into an excited state and a non-excited state. One or more electromagnet assemblies and permanent magnets which, in coordination with the electromagnet assemblies, selectively place the fastening portions in an excited and non-excited state, wherein the one or more electromagnet assemblies are disposed at the tubular portion and at one end of the tubular portion; A housing having a yoke portion magnetically connected to the tubular portion, a magnetic gap acting as a leaker of the magnetic flux from the permanent magnet while the fixing portion is in the non-excited state, an iron core disposed in the housing, The female coil which acts on the iron core with the magnetic flux which selectively switches the fixed part to the excited state and the non-excited state together with the permanent magnet. It is a self-locking device having an adjusting means for adjusting the size of the magnetic gap.

Description

Self-locking device

1 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of the magnetic adsorption device of the present invention.

2 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line 2-2 of FIG.

3, 4, and 5 are enlarged cross-sectional views identical to those in FIG. 2 showing another embodiment of the self-locking device.

6 is a cross sectional view similar to FIG. 1 showing another embodiment of the self-locking device.

7 is an explanatory diagram showing yet another embodiment of the self-locking device.

8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 8-8 of FIG.

9 is a sectional view showing one embodiment of another self-locking device of the present invention.

10 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line 10-10 of FIG.

11, 12 and 13 are enlarged cross-sectional views identical to FIG. 10 showing another embodiment of another self-locking device.

FIG. 14 is a sectional view similar to FIG. 9 showing another embodiment of another self-locking device. FIG.

FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram showing another embodiment of another self-locking device; FIG.

16 is a sectional view taken along line 16-16 of FIG.

The present invention relates to a magnetic fixing device which uses a permanent magnet and an excitation coil to fix a magnetic body and release it from the fixed state.

As a conventional magnetic fixing device using a permanent magnet and an excitation coil, the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet is fixed when the magnetic body is fixed and the fixing part is excited by magnetic flux of the permanent magnet. There is a device that keeps the fixed part in an unexcited state by preventing the magnetic flux from the excitation coil from appearing in.

In this known magnetic fixing device, the magnetic flux from the permanent magnet allows passage of the magnetic gap acting as a leaker by the magnetic field generated by the excitation coil while the fixing portion is in the non-exciting state, but the fixing portion Passing through is blocked.

However, in this type of self-fixing device, the fixing part cannot be left in a completely non-excited state due to the nonuniformity of the magnetic properties of the material to be used, the deterioration of the precision of parts processing, and the like.

An object of the present invention is to provide a magnetic fixing device capable of adjusting the magnetic gap so that the fixing part remains completely unexcited even if there is a variation in the magnetic properties of the material and a decrease in processing accuracy.

The self-locking device of the present invention comprises at least one electromagnet assembly for selectively switching the fixing portion for fixing the magnetic body into an excited state and a non-excited state, and the fixing portion selectively in an excited and non-excited state in conjunction with the electromagnet assembly. Both include permanent magnets.

In the self-locking device of the present invention, the at least one electromagnet assembly is disposed at one end of the tubular portion and the tubular portion and includes a housing having a yoke portion magnetically connected to the tubular portion, and the fixed portion is placed in an unexcited state. Magnetic gap acting as a leaker of the magnetic flux from the permanent magnet during operation, an iron core disposed in the housing, and a magnetic field for selectively switching the fixing part into the excited and non-excited states in conjunction with the permanent magnet to act on the iron core. Excitation coil and an adjustment means for adjusting the magnitude of the magnetic gap.

When the size of the magnetic gap is changed, the magnetic resistance of the magnetic gap is changed, and the amount of magnetic flux passing through the magnetic gap is changed. Therefore, according to the present invention, the fixing portion can be left completely unexcited by adjusting the size of the magnetic gap.

The adjustment of the size of the magnetic gap may be performed after the assembly of the apparatus is completed, or may be performed at the assembly of the apparatus and may not be performed after the assembly of the apparatus is completed.

One side of the yoke portion and the iron core may be arranged to be movable in a direction close to or away from each other with respect to the other side of the yoke portion and the iron core by adjusting means for defining a magnetic gap therebetween and for adjusting the magnetic gap therebetween. . This makes it possible to adjust the size of the magnetic gap in both the assembly of the apparatus and the end of the assembly of the apparatus.

The yoke portion can be displaceably disposed with respect to the cylindrical portion and the iron core, and the iron core can be displaceably disposed with respect to the cylindrical portion. Further, the iron core may be disposed so as to be displaceable with respect to the cylindrical portion and the yoke portion, and the yoke portion may be arranged so as not to be displaceable with respect to the cylindrical portion.

The fixed part is defined by the tubular part and the iron core, and the permanent magnet can be arranged between the tubular part and the iron core.

The fixing part may be defined by the tubular part and the yoke part, and the permanent magnet may be disposed between the tubular part and the yoke part.

It may include a face plate defining the fixing portion. Moreover, many electromagnet assemblies may be magnetically connected to the face plate which prescribes a fixed part in common. In either case, the permanent magnet may be disposed on at least one of the face plate and the electromagnet assembly.

According to a magnetic fixing device in which a plurality of electromagnet assemblies are commonly magnetically connected to one face plate, a plurality of electromagnet assemblies having the same dimensions are manufactured in advance, and the required number of electromagnet assemblies determined according to the size of the face plate is obtained. Because the self-locking device can be assembled, the electromagnet assembly is standardized, inventory management is easy, and the manufacturing period of the self-locking device is shortened.

The yoke portion may have a first yoke magnetically connected to the housing and a second yoke disposed within the housing. In this case, it is preferable that the second yoke and the iron core, the first yoke and the iron core, the first yoke and the second yoke, or the tubular portion and the second yoke jointly form a magnetic gap.

In this way, the size of the magnetic gap can be adjusted at the time of assembly of the apparatus, but not after the assembly of the apparatus is completed.

The adjusting means includes a plurality of screws that penetrate one of the two members forming a magnetic gap and are fastened to the other of the two members, or a plurality of screws fastened to one of the two members forming the magnetic gap and in contact with the other of the two members. It can include a screw. In either case, a nonmagnetic material may be arranged in the magnetic gap. This makes it possible to accurately and easily maintain the size of the magnetic gap.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1-8 show an embodiment of a self-locking device capable of adjusting the size of the magnetic gap after completion of the device.

Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the magnetic fixing device 10 includes an electromagnet assembly 12 and a plurality of permanent magnets 14 and face plates 16 disposed on the electromagnet assembly. The magnetic body is fixed to the fixed surface 18 when the fixed surface 18 of the face plate 16 is placed in the excited state by the cooperative action of the electromagnet assembly 12 and the permanent magnet 14, and has been placed in the non-excited state. Is released from the fixed surface 18 in its fixed state.

The electromagnet assembly 12 arranges an electromagnet having an iron core 22 made of ferromagnetic material and an excitation coil 24 surrounding the iron core in a box-shaped housing 20 having one end open.

The housing 20 is formed of a ferromagnetic material in the shape of a plate made of ferromagnetic material, and a tubular portion 20a made of ferromagnetic material, and the other end portion of the cylindrical portion 20a, which is movable in the axial direction of the cylindrical portion 20a. The yoke part 20b is provided. The yoke part 20b is magnetically connected to the cylindrical part 20a, and is arrange | positioned so that the other end of the cylindrical part 20a may be closed.

The iron core 22 has a rod-shaped main body portion and a housing portion provided on the outer periphery of the lower end of the main body portion, and the axial direction of the flange portion becomes the axial direction of the housing 20, and the lower end of the iron core 22 and the housing 20. Is arranged to form a magnetic gap 26 between the yoke portions 20b. The excitation coil 24 is arranged around the main body of the iron core 22.

The size of the magnetic gap 26 is due to the plurality of screws 28 for the stopper fastened to the yoke portion 20b of the housing 20 and the plurality of screws 30 for the gap retaining fastened to the iron core 22. I can adjust it.

The screws 28 and 30 are made of a nonmagnetic material and penetrate the yoke portion 20b of the housing 20 in the thickness direction thereof.

The permanent magnet 14 is made of a high coercive permanent magnet material, such as a ferrite magnet, preferably a non-irreversible permanent magnet material, and the plan of the tubular portion 20a and the iron core 22 of the housing 20. It is arranged between branches. As shown in the figure, the permanent magnet 14 is magnetized such that the housing 20 side is S and the iron core 22 side is N. However, the permanent magnet 14 may be magnetized in the opposite direction. The magnetic pole surface of the permanent magnet 14 is in contact with the yoke portion 20b and the iron core 22 of the housing 20.

The relative positional relationship between the tubular portion 20a, the iron core 22, the permanent magnet 14, and the excitation coil 24 of the housing 20 is filled with a magnetic gap 26 in the inner space of the housing 20. It is held by the synthetic resin 32. However, it is not necessary to fill the synthetic resin 32 in the interior space of the housing 20, in which case the relative of the cylindrical portion 20a, the iron core 22, the permanent magnet 14 and the excitation coil 24 of the housing 20 The positional relationship is maintained by means such as screws.

The face plate 16 is arranged between a plurality of elongated first and second magnetic pole pieces 34 and 36 alternately and in parallel with each other, and adjacent first and second magnetic pole pieces 34 and 36. A spacer 38 made of nonmagnetic material is provided, and is attached to the housing 20 by a plurality of bolts (not shown).

Each first magnetic pole piece 34 is magnetically connected to the cylindrical portion 20a of the housing 20 at both ends in the longitudinal direction thereof, but is magnetically insulated from the iron core 22. On the other hand, each second magnetic pole piece 36 is magnetically connected to the iron core 22 at its center portion, but is insulated magnetically from the cylindrical portion 20 of the housing 20.

Each first magnetic pole piece 34 is actually in contact with a pair of wall portions corresponding to each other of the cylindrical portion 20a. For this reason, a pair of different wall parts of the cylindrical part 20a may be made from a nonmagnetic material.

The fixing surface 18 for fixing the magnetic body is defined by the first and second magnetic pole pieces 34 and 36 and the spacer 38.

When no excitation current is being supplied to the excitation coil 24, the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 14 passes in the direction of the arrow shown by dashed lines 40, 42 and 44 in FIG. The magnetic flux 40 is the entire magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 14 in the state shown. The magnetic flux of the magnetic flux 40, 42, 44 is assumed to be A40, A42 and A44, respectively.

A40 = A42 + A44

Is in a relationship.

The magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 14 enters the iron core 22 at the N pole of the permanent magnet 14 and is divided into magnetic flux 42 and 44. The magnetic flux 42 passes through the iron core 22, the face plate 16, the suction surface 18, the face plate 16, and the tubular portion 20a, and joins the magnetic flux 44 at the tubular portion 20a to form a permanent magnet. Return to the S pole of (14). The magnetic flux 44 is a leakage magnetic flux passing through the iron core 22, the magnetic gap 26, the yoke portion 20b of the housing 20, and the cylindrical portion 20a of the housing, and does not act to fix the magnetic body. Therefore, the fixed surface 18 is placed in a weak excited state by the magnetic flux (42).

When the fixed surface 18 is left in an excited state, the first exciting current is supplied to the exciting coil 24. As a result, the magnetic flux 46, 48, 50 in the direction of the arrow shown by the dashed-dotted line in FIG. 2 is generated by the excitation coil 24. The magnetic flux of the magnetic fluxes 46, 48 and 50 is assumed to be B46, B48 and B50, respectively.

B48 = B46 + B50

Is in a relationship.

The magnetic flux passing through the magnetic gap 26 is a composite magnetic flux of the magnetic flux 44 by the permanent magnet 14 and the magnetic flux 50 by the excitation coil 24. However, since the magnetic flux 44 and 50 are set so that their directions are opposite to each other and the absolute value is the same amount of magnetic flux, the passage of the magnetic flux 44 and 50 through the magnetic gap 26 is prevented from each other.

On the other hand, the magnetic flux passing through the fixed surface 18 is the magnetic flux 42, 48 by the permanent magnet 14 and the excitation coil 24. Since the directions of the magnetic fluxes 42 and 48 are the same, the magnetic flux corresponding to the sum of the magnetic fluxes 42 and 48 passes through the fixed surface 18. As a result, the fixed surface 18 is placed in a strong excited state and the magnetic body is reliably fixed to the fixed surface 18.

When the fixed surface 18 is left in an unexcited state, the first exciting current and the second exciting current having reverse polarity are supplied to the exciting coil 24. As a result, magnetic fluxes 52, 54 and 56 shown by the dashed-dotted line in FIG. 2 are generated by the excitation coil 24. As shown in FIG. The directions of the magnetic flux 52, 54, 56 are opposite to the magnetic flux 46, 48, 50 shown by dashed lines in FIG. 2, respectively, as shown by the arrows. If the magnetic flux of the magnetic flux 52, 54, 56 is set to C52, C54, C56, the magnetic flux 52, 54, 56 is

C54 = C52 + C56

Is in a relationship.

The magnetic flux passing through the iron core 22, the face plate 16, the fixed surface 18, the face plate 16 and the cylindrical portion 20a of the housing 20 is the magnetic flux 42 and the excitation coil by the permanent magnet 14 The magnetic flux by (24) and the magnetic fluxes 42 and 54 are set so that their directions are different and the absolute value is the same magnetic flux amount. As a result, the fixed surface 18 is placed in an unexcited state and the magnetic body is reliably released from the fixed surface 18 in the fixed state.

The magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 14 is prevented from passing through the magnetic gap 26 when the fixed surface 18 is in an excited state, and the magnetic surface of the permanent magnet 14 is not excited when the fixed surface 18 is left in an unexcited state. Passing is blocked.

As a result, according to the magnetic fixing device 10, the leakage magnetic flux passing through the magnetic gap 26 can be eliminated when the fixed surface 18 is in an excited state as compared with the conventional magnetic fixing device, and the magnetic gap 26 can be eliminated. The magnetoresistance of the excitation coil 24 can be made small, and the amount of injection of the permanent magnet 14 into the device and the magnetizing force generated from the excitation coil 24 can be made small, so that the excitation current of the excitation coil 24 can be made small. have.

In the magnetic fixing device 10, the size of the magnetic gap 26 can be adjusted by displacing the yoke portion 20 of the housing 20 with respect to the iron core by the screws 28, 30. When the size of the magnetic gap 26 changes, the magnetic resistance value of the magnetic gap 26 changes so that the amount of magnetic flux appearing on the fixed surface 18 and the amount of magnetic flux passing through the magnetic gap 26 change.

As a result, according to the self-locking device 10, although the fixing surface 18 should be left in the non-excited state, when the fixing surface 18 is not placed in the non-exciting state, the fixing surface ( It is possible to adjust the size of the magnetic gap 26 so that 18 is completely unexcited. The size of the magnetic gap 26 may be adjusted by the manufacturer at the time of assembling the magnetic fixing device, or may be adjusted by the user after the assembly is completed.

The yoke portion 20b is releasably mounted to the tubular portion 20a by a plurality of bolts and the like after adjusting the size of the magnetic gap 26.

Only the screw 30 may be used as the adjusting means of the magnetic gap 26. However, even when the screw 28 is used, the magnetic gap 26 can be kept constant because the yoke portion 20b can be pushed against the screw 28 by the screw 30.

The iron core 22 may be arranged up and down like the self-locking device 58 shown in FIG. In addition, the magnetic gap 26 may be adjusted by displacing the iron core 22 with respect to the housing 20 as in the magnetic fixing device 60 shown in FIG. In the case of the magnetic fixing device 60 of FIG. 4, the permanent magnet 14 is disposed between the cylindrical portion 20a and the yoke portion 20b of the housing 20. As shown in FIG.

The self-locking device 62 shown in FIG. 5 divides the iron core 64 into two iron core members 64a and 64b in the width direction of the housing 20, and the nonmagnetic elastic member 66 like rubber. And a magnetic gap 26 is formed between the cylindrical portion 20 of the housing 20 and each of the iron core members 64a and 64b.

The size of the magnetic gap 26 in the self-locking device 64 includes a plurality of screws 28 for the stopper fastened to the tubular portion 20a of the housing 20 and a plurality of screws fastened to the iron core members 64a or 64b ( 30) can be adjusted. The permanent magnet 14 is disposed so as to be displaceable with respect to the housing 20 together with the iron core member between the yoke portion 20b of the housing 20 and the iron core member 64a or 64b.

In the self-locking device 62, the iron core 22 and the excitation coil 24 are selected in such a size that the iron core 22 is displaceable inside the excitation coil 24.

Each permanent magnet 14 may be disposed on the face plate 16 like the magnetic fixing device 68 shown in FIG.

In the magnetic fixing device 68 shown in FIG. 6, the permanent magnet 14 is disposed below the spacer 38 between the first and second magnetic pole pieces 34 and 36. As shown in FIG. One magnetic pole surface of each permanent magnet 14, for example, S, is in contact with the first magnetic pole piece 34, and the other magnetic pole surface is in contact with the second magnetic pole piece 36.

The magnetic gap 26 is formed between the yoke portion 20b of the housing 20 and the iron core 22.

Therefore, in the self-fixing device 68, the magnetic flux when the excitation current is not supplied to the excitation coil 24, when the first excitation current is supplied, and when the second excitation current is supplied, is shown in FIGS. It is the same as the magnetic fixing devices 58 and 60 shown in FIG.

The magnetic fixing device 70 shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 is commonly used for a plurality of electromagnet assemblies 72 and a plurality of permanent magnets 74 and electromagnet assemblies 72 disposed on the electromagnet assemblies. It includes a flat base 78 that connects one face plate and the electromagnet assembly 72 to each other. The magnetic body is fixed to the fixing surface 80 when the fixing surface 80 of the face plate 76 is put into the excited state by the cooperative action of the electromagnet assembly 72 and the permanent magnets 74, and the non-excited state. Is released from the fixed surface 80 in its fixed state.

Each electromagnet assembly 72 is the same as the electromagnet assembly 12 of the magnetic fixing device 58 of FIG. 3 in the illustrated example, but may be an electromagnet assembly of another magnetic fixing device.

The face plate 76, like the face plate 16, includes a plurality of elongated first and second magnetic pole pieces 82 and 84 arranged alternately and in parallel with each other, and the first and second magnetic pole pieces 82 adjacent to each other. A spacer (86) made of a nonmagnetic material is disposed between the pads (84) and attached to the housing (20) of each electromagnet assembly (72) by a plurality of bolts (not shown).

Each first magnetic pole piece 82 is magnetically connected to the cylindrical portion 20a of the housing 20 of each electromagnet assembly 72 at both ends thereof, but is magnetically insulated from the iron core 22.

On the other hand, each second magnetic pole piece 84 is magnetically connected to the iron core 22 of each electromagnet assembly 72 at its central portion, but is magnetically insulated from the tubular portion 20a of the housing 20. . The number of electromagnet assemblies 72 used in the magnetic fixing device 70 is determined according to the size of the face plate 76.

In the magnetic fixing device 70, when the exciting current is not supplied to the exciting coil 24 of each electromagnet assembly 72, the fixed surface 80 is placed in a weakly excited state by the permanent magnet 74. As shown in FIG. On the other hand, when the 1st exciting current is supplied to the exciting coil 24 of each electromagnet assembly 72, the fixed surface 80 will be in an excited state. In addition, when the second exciting current is supplied to the exciting coil 24 of each electromagnet assembly 72, the fixed surface 80 is placed in the non-excited state.

According to the magnetic fixing device 70, each electromagnet assembly 72 can be standardized, maintenance of the electromagnet assembly 72 can be easily performed, and a plurality of electromagnet assemblies can be manufactured in advance.

9 to 16 show an embodiment of a self-locking device in which the size of the magnetic gap cannot be adjusted after completion of the device.

9 and 10, the magnetic fixing device 110 includes an electromagnet assembly 112 and a plurality of permanent magnets 114 and a face plate 116 disposed on the electromagnet assembly. The magnetic body is fixed to the fixed surface 118 when the fixed surface 118 of the face plate 116 is set to the excited state by the cooperative action of the electromagnet assembly 112 and the permanent magnet 114, and has been placed in the non-excited state. At that time, the fixing state is released from the fixing surface 118.

The electromagnet assembly 112 includes a quadrangular housing 120 and a space formed by the first yoke 122 disposed to close one end of the housing, and the housing 120 and the first yoke 122. An iron core 124 made of a rigid material, an excitation coil 126 surrounding the iron core, and a second yoke 128 arranged at the other end of the housing 120 are provided.

The housing 120, the first yoke 122, and the iron core 124 are integrally made of a ferromagnetic material.

The second yoke 128 is arranged at a distance from the inner surface of the housing 120 with a magnetic gap 130 from the iron core 124. The magnetic gap 130 is filled with a nonmagnetic material 132 such as solder or synthetic resin.

The iron core 124 penetrates the second yoke 128 and is fastened with a plurality of screws 134 made of a nonmagnetic material. The second yoke 128 contacts the iron core 124 and is also nonmagnetic. A plurality of screws 136 made of material are fastened.

The permanent magnet 114 is made of a high coercive permanent magnet material, such as a ferrite magnet, preferably a polar irreversible permanent magnet material, and is disposed between the housing 120 and the second yoke 128. The permanent magnet 114 is magnetized in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the housing 120.

As illustrated, the permanent magnet 114 is magnetized such that the housing 120 side is S and the second yoke 128 side is N. However, the permanent magnet 114 may be magnetized in the opposite direction.

The magnetic pole surface of the permanent magnet 114 is in contact with the housing 120 and the second yoke 128.

The relative positional relationship between the housing 120, the first yoke 122, the iron core 124, the second yoke 128, and the permanent magnets 114 may include a non-magnetic material filled in the internal space of the housing 120. 132). The magnetic gap 130 is also held by the cooperative action of the nonmagnetic material 132 and screws 134 and 136 filled therein.

The face plate 116 is provided between a plurality of elongated first and second magnetic pole pieces 138 and 140 alternately and in parallel with each other, and adjacent first and second magnetic pole pieces 138 and 140. A spacer 142 made of nonmagnetic material is provided, and is attached to the housing 120 by a plurality of bolts (not shown).

Each first magnetic pole piece 138 is magnetically connected to the housing 120 at both ends in the longitudinal direction thereof, but is magnetically insulated from the second yoke 128. On the other hand, each second magnetic pole piece 140 is magnetically connected to the second yoke 128 at its central portion, but is magnetically insulated from the housing 120.

Each first magnetic pole piece 138 is actually in contact with a pair of wall portions of the housing 120 that face each other. As a result, the other pair of wall portions of the housing 120 facing each other may be made of nonmagnetic material.

The fixing surface 118 for fixing the magnetic body is defined by the first and second magnetic pole pieces 138 and 140 and the spacer 142.

When no excitation current is being supplied to the excitation coil 126, the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 114 passes in the direction of the arrow shown by dotted lines 144a, 144b and 144c in FIG. The magnetic flux 144a is the total magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 114 in the state shown. The magnetic flux of the magnetic fluxes 144a, 144b and 144c is assumed to be A144a, A144b and A144c, respectively.

A144a = A144b + A144c

Is in a relationship.

The magnetic flux 144a of the permanent magnet 114 enters the second yoke 128 from the N pole of the permanent magnet 114 and is divided into magnetic flux 114b and 114c. The magnetic flux 114b passes through the second yoke 128, the face plate 116, the fixed surface 118, the face plate 116 and the housing 120, and joins the magnetic flux 144c in the housing 120 to be permanent. Return to the S pole of the magnet 114. The magnetic flux 114c is a leakage flux passing through the second yoke 128, the magnetic gap 130, the iron core 124, the first yoke 122, and the housing 120, and does not act to fix the magnetic body. Do not. Therefore, the fixed surface 118 is placed in a weak excited state by the magnetic flux 144b.

When the fixed surface 118 is left in an excited state, a first exciting current is supplied to the exciting coil 126. Accordingly, the magnetic flux 146a, 146b, 146c in the direction of the arrow shown by the dashed-dotted line in FIG. 10 is generated by the excitation coil 126. The magnetic flux amount of the magnetic flux 146a, 146b, 146c is assumed to be B146a, B146b and B146c, respectively.

B146c = B146a + B146b

Is in a relationship.

The magnetic flux passing through the magnetic gap 130 is a composite magnetic flux of the magnetic flux 114c by the permanent magnet 114 and the magnetic flux 146c by the excitation coil 126. However, since the magnetic fluxes 144c and 146c are set so that their absolute values are the same in the opposite directions to each other, the passage of the magnetic fluxes 144c and 146c through the magnetic gap 130 is prevented from each other.

On the other hand, the magnetic flux passing through the fixed surface 118 is the magnetic flux 144b, 146b by the permanent magnet 114 and the excitation coil 126.

Since the directions of the magnetic fluxes 144b and 146b are the same, the magnetic flux corresponding to the sum of the magnetic fluxes 144b and 146b passes through the fixing surface 118. For this reason, the fixed surface 118 is placed in a strong excited state, and the magnetic body is securely fixed to the fixed surface 118.

When the fixed surface 118 is left in an unexcited state, the first exciting current and the second exciting current having reverse polarity are supplied to the exciting coil 126. As a result, the magnetic flux 148a, 148b, and 148c shown by the dashed-dotted line in FIG. 10 are generated by the excitation coil 126. The directions of the magnetic fluxes 148a, 148b, and 148c are opposite to the magnetic fluxes 146a, 146b, and 146c shown by dashed lines in FIG. 10, respectively, as shown by the arrows. When the magnetic flux amounts of the magnetic flux 148a, 148b, and 148c are C148a, C148b, and C148c, respectively, the magnetic flux 148a, 148b, and 148c are

C148c = C148a + C148b

Is in a relationship.

The magnetic flux passing through the second yoke 128, the face plate 116, the fixed surface 118, the face plate 116, and the housing 120 is the magnetic flux 114b and the excitation coil 126 by the permanent magnet 114. Magnetic flux 148b and magnetic flux 144b, 148b are set so that their directions are different and the absolute value is the same amount of magnetic flux. For this reason, the fixed surface 118 is put in an unexcited state, and a magnetic substance is reliably released from the adsorption surface 118 in the fixed state.

The magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 114 is prevented from passing through the magnetic gap 130 when the fixed surface 118 is in the excited state, and the fixed surface 118 when the fixed surface 118 is in the non-excited state. Passing is blocked.

As a result, according to the magnetic fixing device 110, compared to the conventional magnetic fixing device, it is possible to prevent leakage magnetic flux passing through the magnetic gap 130 when the adsorption surface 118 is in an excited state, and the magnetic gap 130 It is possible to reduce the magneto-resistance of the C) and to reduce the amount of injection of the permanent magnet 114 into the device and the magnetomotive force generated from the excitation coil 126, thereby reducing the excitation current of the excitation coil 126. have.

In the self-fixing device 110, the second yoke 128 is displaced with respect to the iron core 124 by screws 134 and 136 before the nonmagnetic material 132 is filled in the space in the housing 120. In this case, the size of the magnetic gap 130 changes. When the size of the magnetic gap 130 changes, the magnetoresistance of the magnetic gap 130 changes, and as a result, the amount of magnetic flux appearing on the fixed surface 118 and the amount of magnetic flux passing through the magnetic gap 130 change.

As a result, when assembling, for example, in the state where the second excitation current is supplied to the excitation coil 126, the leakage gap does not occur between the housing 120 and the second yoke 128. The size is adjusted by screws 134 and 136, and then the non-magnetic material 132 is filled into the space in the housing 120, and then the upper surface of the electromagnet assembly 112 is polished to remove the back plate 116. It may be attached to an upper surface of the electromagnet assembly 112.

In this way, the size of the magnetic gap 130 can be adjusted accurately and easily by the screws 134 and 136 and maintained in the state.

In the self-locking apparatus shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the second yoke 128 is disposed in a non-displaceable manner relative to the housing 120, and the first yoke 122 and the iron core 124 are disposed in the housing ( 120 may be disposed to be displaceable in the axial direction thereof.

In this case, the first yoke 122 is separated from the housing 120 at a portion corresponding to the inner surface of the housing 120 and is magnetically connected to the housing 120. The screw 134 is fastened to the second yoke 128 through the first yoke 122 and the iron core 124. The screw 136 is fastened to the first yoke 122 and the iron core 124 to contact the bottom surface of the second yoke 128.

Like the magnetic fixing device 150 shown in FIG. 11, the iron core 124 may be separated from the first yoke 122, and the iron core 124 and the second yoke 128 may be integrated. The magnetic gap 130 is formed by the first yoke 122 and the iron core 124. The screw 134 penetrates through the second yoke 128 and the iron core 124 and is fastened to the first yoke 122. The screw 136 is fastened to the second yoke 128 and the iron core 124 to be in contact with the first yoke 122.

In the magnetic fixing device 150, the magnetic flux generated by the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 114, the magnetic flux generated by the exciting coil 126 when the first exciting current is supplied to the exciting coil 126, and the exciting coil 126. The magnetic flux generated by the excitation coil 126 when the second excitation current is supplied is shown by the same reference numerals as in the embodiment shown in FIG.

As a result, when the first exciting current is supplied to the excitation coil 126, the fixed surface 118 has the same magnetic flux 144b and 146b passing through the fixed surface 118 and passes through the magnetic gap 130. The magnetic fluxes 144c and 146c are excited in the opposite direction. In addition, the adsorption surface 118 has magnetic flux 144b and 148b passing through the adsorption surface 118 in the opposite direction when the second excitation current is supplied to the excitation coil 126 and through the magnetic gap 130. 144c and 148c are placed in the non-excited state by being in the same direction.

In the case of the self-locking device 150, the iron core 124 and the second yoke 128 are disposed so as to be unable to be displaced relative to the housing 120, and the first yoke 122 is disposed about its housing 120 with respect to the housing 120. The first yoke 122 is detached from the housing 120 and magnetically connected to the housing 120 at a portion corresponding to the inner surface of the housing 120. The screw 134 passes through the second yoke 128 and the iron core 124 and is fastened to the first yoke 122. The screw 136 is attached to the second yoke 128 and the iron core 124. It is fastened to contact the upper surface of the first yoke 122.

Like the magnetic fixing device 152 shown in FIG. 12, the iron core 124 and the second yoke 128 may be arranged vertically. In addition, the self-locking device 152 also arranges the iron core 124 and the second yoke 128 in such a way that the relative displacement of the housing 120 is impossible, and the first yoke 122 is disposed in relation to the housing 120. You may arrange | position so that displacement is possible in the direction.

In the self-fixing device 154 shown in FIG. 13, the iron core 124 and the second yoke 128 are integrated, and this integral member includes two members 156a in the width direction of the housing 120. , 156b. A nonmagnetic elastic member 158 such as rubber is disposed between the members 156a and 156b.

The magnetic gap 130 is formed between the housing 120 and each of the members 156a and 156b.

In the self-locking device 154, each permanent magnet 114 is displaced relative to the housing 120 and the first yoke 122 with a member corresponding between the first yoke 122 and the member 156a or 156b. It is arrange | positioned as possible. In addition, the iron core 124 and the excitation coil 126 are selected to have a size so that the iron core 124 can be displaced into the excitation coil 126. The screw 134 is fastened to the member 156a or 156b through the housing 120. Screw 136 is fastened to housing 120 and is in contact with member 156a or 156b.

The permanent magnet 114 may be disposed on the face plate 116 like the magnetic fixing device 160 shown in FIG.

In the magnetic fixing device 160 shown in FIG. 14, each permanent magnet 114 is disposed below the spacer 142 between the first and second magnetic pole pieces 138 and 140. As shown in FIG. One magnetic pole surface of each permanent magnet 114, for example, S, is in contact with the first magnetic pole piece 138 and the other side is in contact with the second magnetic pole piece 140.

The magnetic gap 130 is formed between the first yoke 122 and the iron core 124. For this reason, in the magnetic fixing device 160, the magnetic flux when the exciting current is supplied to the exciting coil 126 is the same as the magnetic fixing devices 110 and 150 shown in FIGS.

The magnetic fixing device 170 shown in FIGS. 15 and 16 is commonly used for a plurality of assemblies 172, a plurality of permanent magnets 174 disposed in each electromagnet assembly, and an electromagnet assembly 172. One face plate 176 and a flat base 78 connecting the electromagnet assembly 172 to each other.

The magnetic body is fixed to the fixed surface 180 when the fixed surface 180 of the face plate 176 is put into the excited state by the cooperative action of the electromagnet assembly 172 and the permanent magnet 174, and the non-excited state When released from its fixed surface in its fixed state.

Each electromagnet assembly 172 is the same as the electromagnet assembly 112 of the magnetic fixing device 110 shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 in the example shown, but may be an electromagnet assembly of another magnetic fixing device.

The face plate 176, like the face plate 116, has a plurality of elongated first and second magnetic pole pieces 182 and 184 alternately and in parallel with each other, and adjacent first and second magnetic pole pieces 182. A spacer 186 made of nonmagnetic material is disposed between 184 and 184, and is attached to the housing 120 of each electromagnet assembly 172 by a plurality of bolts (not shown).

Each first magnetic pole piece 182 is magnetically connected to the housing 120 of each electromagnet assembly 172 at both ends thereof, but is magnetically insulated from the second yoke 128. On the other hand, each second magnetic pole piece 184 is magnetically connected to the second yoke 128 of each electromagnet assembly 172 at its central portion, but is magnetically insulated from the housing 120.

In the magnetic fixing device 170, the number of electromagnet assemblies 172 used is determined according to the size of the face plate 176.

In the magnetic fixing device 170, when the exciting current is not supplied to the exciting coil 126 of each electromagnet assembly 172, the fixing surface 180 is in a weakly excited state by the permanent magnet 174.

On the other hand, when the first exciting current is supplied to the exciting coil 126 of each electromagnet assembly 172, the fixed surface 180 is in the excited state. In addition, when the second exciting current is supplied to the exciting coil 126 of each electromagnet assembly 172, the fixed surface 180 is placed in the non-excited state.

According to the magnetic fixing device 170, since the magnetic gap of each electromagnet assembly 172 is adjustable, the electromagnet assembly 172 can be standardized, and the maintenance and repair of the electromagnet assembly 172 can be facilitated. The electromagnet assembly 172 can be manufactured previously.

The present invention is also applicable to a self-fixing device that supplies an exciting current to an exciting coil only when the fixed surface is to be left in an unexcited state. In this case, it is preferable that the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet has a fixed size without passing through the magnetic gap when the magnetic gap is to be excited.

The present invention can also be applied to a magnetic fixing device that does not use a face plate. In this case, the fixed surface is defined by the housing, the iron core, or the housing and the second yoke. If various types of screws 134 and 136 are used, it is easy to adjust the magnetic gap when assembling the magnetic fixing device, but only one screw may be used.

Claims (13)

At least one electromagnet assembly for selectively switching the fixing part for fixing the magnetic body into the excited state and the non-excited state, and a permanent magnet which selectively places the fixing part in the excited and non-excited state together with the electromagnet assembly, The at least one electromagnet assembly includes a housing having a yoke portion disposed at one end of the tubular portion and the tubular portion and magnetically connected to the tubular portion, and the magnetic flux from the permanent magnet while the fixing portion is placed in an unexcited state. Magnetic gap acting as a leaker, an iron core arranged in the housing, an excitation coil acting on the iron core to magnetically switch the fixed part to an excited state and a non-excited state jointly with the permanent magnet, and a magnetic gap Self-locking device having an adjusting means for adjusting the size. The yoke portion and one of the iron cores are arranged so as to be movable in a direction close to or away from each other with respect to the other side of the yoke portion and the iron core to define a magnetic gap therebetween. Self-locking device which is displaced relative to the other by the adjusting means for adjusting. The self-locking device according to claim 2, wherein the yoke portion is disposed to be displaceable with respect to the tubular portion and the iron core, and the iron core is disposed to be displaceable with respect to the tubular portion. 3. The self-locking device according to claim 2, wherein the iron core is disposed displaceably with respect to the cylindrical portion and the yoke portion, and the yoke portion is non-displaceably disposed with respect to the cylindrical portion. The self-locking device according to claim 2, wherein the fixing portion is defined by the cylindrical portion and the iron core, and the permanent magnet is disposed between the cylindrical portion and the iron core. The self-locking device according to claim 2, wherein the fixing portion is defined by the cylindrical portion and the yoke portion, and the permanent magnet is disposed between the cylindrical portion and the yoke portion. 2. A magnetic fastening device according to claim 1, comprising a face plate defining a fixing portion magnetically connected to at least one electromagnet assembly, wherein the permanent magnet is disposed on one side of the electromagnet assembly and the face plate. 2. The magnetic fastening device of claim 1 comprising a face plate defining a fixture magnetically connected to the plurality of electromagnet assemblies, wherein the permanent magnet is disposed on one side of the electromagnet assembly and the face plate. 2. The yoke portion according to claim 1, wherein the yoke portion includes a first yoke magnetically connected to the housing, and a second yoke disposed in the housing, the second yoke and the iron core, the first yoke and the iron core, and the first yoke. The yoke and the 2nd yoke, or the cylindrical part and the 2nd yoke, are self-locking apparatuses which form a magnetic gap mutually. 2. A self-locking device according to claim 1, wherein the adjusting means includes a plurality of screws that penetrate one of the two members forming a magnetic gap and are fastened to the other of the two members, wherein the two members are coupled by screws. The self-locking device according to claim 10, wherein a nonmagnetic material is disposed in the magnetic gap. 2. A self-locking device according to claim 1, wherein the adjusting means includes a plurality of screws fastened to one of the two members forming a magnetic gap and in contact with the other of the two members, the two members being joined by screws. The self-locking device according to claim 12, wherein a nonmagnetic material is disposed in the magnetic gap.