KR0186033B1 - Combined radial/axial friction bearing and method of manufacturing it - Google Patents

Abstract

PCT No. PCT/DE91/01011 Sec. 371 Date Aug. 12, 1992 Sec. 102(e) Date Aug. 12, 1992 PCT Filed Dec. 19, 1991 PCT Pub. No. WO92/11468 PCT Pub. Date Jul. 9, 1992.A compound journal and thrust plain bearing comprises a half-liner-shaped or bush-shaped journal bearing part and a part-ring-shaped thrust bearing part or a set of part-ring-shaped thrust bearing parts attached at one or both ends thereof, while every thrust bearing part comprises on its inner peripheral rim a plurality of inwardly extending retaining projections which are angularly spaced from each other and which are inserted into a recess provided in the region of the arcuate or circular margin of the journal bearing part.

Description

Journal-Drust Composite Slide Bearing with Partial Ring Shape and Manufacturing Method Thereof

The present invention has a bearing liner or bush-shaped journal bearing portion and a pair of thrust bearing portions or partial ring-shaped thrust bearing portions attached to one side or both sides, respectively. The thrust bearing of the type has a plurality of inwardly supporting supports which have mutual angular spacings at their peripheral edges and which enter into the recess in the range of the arcuate or circular edge of the journal bearing part. A journal-thrust composite sliding bearing.

The invention also relates to a method for the production of such composite journal-thrust composite sliding bearings.

Such journal-thrust composite sliding bearings are known from a number of prior publications.

Compared with the journal-drust composite sliding bearings which are formed integrally, they can be used for the journal bearing part in order to enable the optimum application of the material under certain load conditions than for the thrust bearing part. There is an advantage.

In the case of a journal-thrust hybrid sliding bearing, in order to keep the wear of the bearing parts to a minimum, the centering and fixing of the bearing parts have a great meaning, in which the constant mobility of the thrust bearing part relative to the journal bearing part It is required for the assembly of this sliding bearing.

Journal-thrust composite sliding bearings and the like, which are divided from DE-OS 26 38 996, are known, in which case the thrust bearings have a nose as a support protrusion, which is bent in the direction of the bearing axis. It must be retained at the corresponding indentation of the journal bearing part and open at the outer edge.

Since the curved support projections will be supported in the bearing holes of the bearing housing, the support projections must be curved with high accuracy.

The wide range of the support protrusions in the peripheral direction requires a costly bending process.

Finally, the formation of indentations does not provide the required secure fixing of the bearing portion in the axial direction.

From EP 298 953 a journal-drust combined sliding bearing is known which consists of a bearing liner and a separate thrust flange. In order to fix the flange to the bearing liner, the thrust flange is provided. Insertion recesses are provided that form an undercut in the form of a swallowtail that opens toward the outer edge and acts axially.

Corresponding to the insertion recess, the thrust flange is provided with fixing attachment parts, and the fixing attachment parts have an edge extending at the same angle in the axial direction.

For this reason, in the case of the journal-drust composite sliding bearings known from EP 298 953, the support projections must be very long and bend with high accuracy. In order to engage the thrust flange with the bearing inlet, the thrust flange is inserted onto the bearing liner in the radial direction.

If the entire fixing attachment has a swallow tail shape corresponding to the integral recesses, it is necessary to apply pressure to the bearing liner in order to push the fixing attachments into the insertion recesses. However, the pressure not only lowers the free speed of the bearing liner but also additionally deforms the bearing liner, which may cause damage to the bearing liner.

If only the outer fixing parts have a swallow tail shape and are inserted into the insertion recesses formed for the outer fixing parts using the desired clearance between the journal bearing part and the thrust flange, the central fixing part The insert must first be formed in a square shape and attached to the thrust flange on the bearing liner and then enlarged in the form of a swallow tail.

Expansion of the curved fixing part into swallow tails is difficult and poses a risk of damage in journal bearings. In addition, the swallow-shaped bends of the fixing attachments provide only limited strength and support stability, which may adversely affect the accuracy required in the support projections of the above known journal-thrust composite sliding bearings. Can be.

From DE-OS 33 45 652 and DE-OS 24 12 870 are half bearings with flanges used in engines. The engagement between the half-cylinder shaped liner and the flange is radially projecting in the form of convex footnotes and is formed in the shape corresponding to the protrusions in which the ends are made and opened toward the outer edge, but narrowing in the journal bearing part. By fitting in indentations.

The indentation is at the arched edge of the liner. Here, constant angular positions of the indentations and of the radially protruding attachments must be noted.

In the case of the above kind of coupling, there is a disadvantage in that the manufacturing and the manufacturing of the footnotes and the indentations outside the angular position also require a narrow tolerance to be maintained.

Footnotes are also moved and stamped or cut. Likewise, the journal bearing part must be deformed beyond the normal dimensions during assembly.

If the spreading of the bearing half is stopped after the attachment of the flanged half bearing, this thrust bearing part is no longer fixed and may sometimes fall from the bearing half.

One journal-thrust composite bearing is known from GB-PS 22 10 113, in which case the thrust bearing part has a rectangular fixing protrusion protruding inward in the radial direction and is undercut in the axial direction. It is inherited by the groove. In this case, undercut grooves must be made in the bearing liner, so the processing cost is very high.

Finally, from DE-PS 21 40 854 one assembled journal-drust combined sliding bearing is known, in which case the thrust bearing part has radially inwardly inclined support projections. The support projections are held in grooves axially open at the edges of the journal bearing. In order to maintain the thrust bearing part attached to the journal bearing part, the grooves of the journal bearing part are not equipped with a stopper for holding the inclined portion of the support projection.

Apart from the fact that such stoppers in the grooves of the journal bearing section require high precision and thereby cause a high manufacturing cost, the above method does not achieve the necessary stability for stopping the thrust bearing section by the journal bearing section.

Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide one assembled journal-thrust composite sliding bearing, which ensures the firm fixing of the thrust bearing portion in the journal bearing portion and requires only a small number of work steps. It is to provide a method for the production, in which cost-effective processing is obtained.

The above object is solved with one journal-thrust composite sliding bearing assembled, in which at least one groove for each thrust bearing is used as a fixing projection at the peripheral edge of the journal bearing portion. It is formed in the form of a support opening which is closed with respect to one support projection, which is inserted into the fixed bearing at the time of the thrust bearing portion through the support opening, and the journal bearing portion has an integrated nose portion that is held. Where the entire support projections have clearances in the peripheral direction and clearances in the axial direction of the journal bearings in the grooves that receive them at that time, and the nose section predetermines the thrust bearings relative to the journal bearings. The nose portions forming a radial play The phage by journal has a spacing from the inner planar portion bearing portion.

Munich, Vienna In 1978, page 176 of the book Feinme chanische Bauelemente by S. Hildebrand of Hansen Verlag shows a riveting of a journal with a quadrilateral cross section.

With the above known riveting but only a fixed coupling, but not a movable coupling within a limited range. The formation of grooves that receive the fixing projections as a closed support opening results in a greater safety advantage of the journal bearing portion and a markedly improved stability of the coupling between the journal bearing portion and the thrust bearing portion.

In addition, the ratio of the journal bearing portion contact area is not limited, and better formation of the journal bearing portion is achieved. Closed support openings have the advantage of ensuring greatly improved safety in fixing the thrust bearing portions in the axial direction.

In the case of the formation of the supporting nose parts, according to the present invention, a gap between the respective supporting nose parts with respect to the inner flat part of the journal bearing part held by the supporting nose part is formed, which is a bearing when the bearing is assembled and when the bearing is applied. The engagement in the journal bearing part ensures that it is reliably and fully movable so that all requirements within the housing and during bearing operation can be met.

In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fixing protrusion in the combined state of the journal-thrust composite sliding bearing has one settling portion, and the journal bearing portion is held in the range of the support opening on both sides from the settling portion. Two support nose parts extend. In this case, the fixing protrusion of the thrust bearing portion protruding into the inside may have a generally rectangular shape, and as a result, the central settlement is formed in the east when the nose portion is formed.

However, the fixing protrusion may be formed together with the central settlement. In addition to the above fixing projections, guide protrusions, preferably two guide protrusions, may be provided. When the angular spacing of the guide projections with respect to the fixing projections is only 30 ° or less, the guide projections can be gripped in the support openings similarly using the formed clearances, and these support openings are formed at the edges of the journal bearing portion.

Indentation axially open at the peripheral edge of the journal bearing in case of a larger angular spacing of the guide projection from the fixing projection when the journal bearing portion is moved laterally from the journal bearing portion after insertion of the fixing projection into the support opening. The parts are formed.

For the manufacture of the combined thrust-journal composite sliding bearing part, first, the journal bearing part and the thrust bearing part are made, where the thrust bearing part is generally rectangular as a fixing protrusion and a support protrusion protruding inward in the radial direction. Has

As one machining step in the journal bearing part, at least one support opening for the fixing protrusion is pressed in the peripheral edge range. With respect to the guide protrusions, axially closed support openings or axially open indentations are pressed against the journal bearing part depending on their position relative to the fixing protrusion.

The fixing projections of the thrust bearing part for the coupling of the thrust bearing part and the journal bearing part are introduced into the support opening in the journal bearing part provided for this purpose. The guide protrusions of the thrust bearing part are introduced into the support openings at the same time as the fixing protrusion in the case of intimate arrangement into the fixing protrusion. In the case of the arrangement of the guide protrusions at a greater angular distance from the fixing protrusion, the thrust bearing portion is pivoted at the peripheral edge of the journal bearing part after the fixing protrusion is directed into the support opening provided for them. It is sent into the indentation prepared.

After the thrust bearing part is attached to the journal bearing part in the above manner, the supporting nose parts are gripped by the support nose parts through a range adjacent to the support opening of the inner face at the journal bearing part, but spaced from the inner face. It is pressed using a compression stamp specially formed on the fixing projections of the thrust bearing part in such a way to maintain the pressure.

The expansion may be made or prepared by the formation of at least one cutout at the edge pointing to the inside of the fixing protrusion. The cutout provides an advantage that sufficient material can be provided in the fixing protrusion without the risk of the fixing protrusion protruding into the movement range of the bearing journal to form the fixing protrusion.

The journal-thrust composite sliding bearing formed and assembled according to the present invention and its manufacturing method do not need to be compressed or enlarged with each other at the time of assembly, and the assembly can be carried out in a simple manner. The advantage is that there is never a risk of any damage occurring in one or the other bearing part. Finally, it offers the advantage of maintaining a secure engagement and maintaining good mobility between the thrust bearing and journal bearing. Embodiments of the present invention are described in more detail with the aid of the following figures. 1 is a perspective view of the assembled journal-thrust composite sliding bearing of the first embodiment, FIG. 2 is a plan view of the thrust bearing part according to FIG. 1 before assembly, and FIG. 3 is assembled with the journal bearing part. FIG. 4 is a plan view of the thrust bearing part according to FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is an exploded view of the journal bearing part according to FIG. 1, and FIG. 5 is a sectional view of the journal bearing part according to the VV line of the expression shown in FIG. 6 is a view of the cutout VI from FIG. 3, FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the assembled journal-thrust composite sliding bearing of the second embodiment, and FIG. 8 is in accordance with FIG. FIG. 9 is a plan view of the thrust bearing part, FIG. 9 is a plan view of the thrust bearing part according to FIG. 7 in an assembled state with the journal bearing part, and FIG. 10 is an exploded view of the journal bearing part according to FIG. 10th Stir a channel cross-section line XI-XI according to the bearing portion, 12 is a cross-sectional view according to a turning 10 degrees the 10 degree line XII-XII Journal Bearing unit according to.

Description of the drawings is for a journal-thrust hybrid sliding bearing 1, in which the journal bearing portion 3 is formed in the form of a semi-cylindrical liner.

The thrust bearing part 2 is formed in the arc-shaped front edge of the journal bearing part by a disc laid around a half-ring shape attached to one side or both sides.

It has a support protrusion 4 and guide protrusions 5a and 5b pointing inward at a peripheral edge thereof in the thrust bearing portion 2.

In the example of FIGS. 1 to 6, the thrust bearing portion 2 is provided with a central fixing protrusion 4 and two guide protrusions 5a at an angular interval α of about 30 while roaming about it. have. The guide protrusion 5a which roams with the center fixing protrusion 4 is provided with the subwall edge 15 which protrudes against the inner periphery of the thrust bearing part 2. As shown in FIG. Both guide protrusions 5a roaming with the fixing protrusion 4 are gripped by the support openings 11 and 12 at the edge 7 of the journal bearing portion.

In order to enable the interconnection of the journal bearing part 3 and the thrust bearing part 2, the support openings 11 and 12 in the circumferential direction of the journal bearing 3 have a fixing protrusion 4 and a guide. Has a slightly enlarged length compared to the length of the periphery of the projection 5, as a result-as shown in FIGS. 3 and 6-of the fixing projection 4 at the support opening 11 and The play around the guide protrusion 5a in 12) results.

Initially, the arrangement of the guide coupling plate 5a roaming with the fixing protrusion 4 despite the generally rectangular shape in which the fixed coupling plate 4 remains and the guide coupling plate 5a stays is approximately. In the case of the mutual angular spacing α of 30 °, it still enters the arrangement of the support openings 11 and 12 due to the play.

After the fixing protrusion 4 and the supporting protrusion 5a are inserted into the support openings 11 and 12 until the contact of the subwall edge 15 is reached, the fixing protrusion 4 extends outward from its edge 14 facing inward. A central indentation 6 is formed, which is directed toward the outside, and is driven out by the indentation 6 outward from the material of the fixing projection, and as a result, out of the end edge of the support opening 11 in the circumferential direction. The holding nose portion 8 to be gripped is formed.

This variant, however, is only guided so far that the support nose portion 8 maintains a gap 9 from the inner surface of the edge range 7 in the journal bearing portion 3. The above gap 9 may be greater than the clearance 16 of the fixing protrusion 4 at the support opening 11 and the larger of the guide protrusions 5a at the support openings 12 when mounted more securely. The playability of the thrust bearing part 2 in the journal bearing part 3 together with the play 17 is ensured.

FIG. 1 shows only one thrust bearing part 2 attached to one side from one journal bearing part 3, while the front bearing side of the journal bearing part 3 has a corresponding method. One thrust bearing part or a pair of thrust bearing parts 2 may be attached. 4 and 5 show the laying of the rectangular support openings 11 and 12 in the edge range 7 on both front sides of the journal bearing portion 3.

In the example of FIGS. 7 to 12, each thrust bearing portion 2 is arranged at the edge range 7 of the journal bearing portion using one fixing protrusion 4 and two roving guide protrusions 5b. Supported.

Thereby, the arrangement of the guide protrusions 5b is arranged at an angular interval β greater than 30 ° from the central fixation protrusion 4 by the guide protrusions 5b as compared with the embodiment according to FIGS. 1 to 6. It is changed to be.

This arrangement also provides the advantage that the thrust bearing part 2 is prevented from falling in the radial direction of the journal 3 even when the support nose part 8 is detached by wear or other causes.

In the case of the above embodiment, in order to be able to assemble the bearing parts, that is, the journal bearing part 3 and the thrust bearing part 2, the edge range 7a or the base edge 13a is provided in the support opening 11. In both edges 7a of the journal bearing portion, which is in line with the inner edge 11c, an indentation 13 is formed which roams laterally with the central support opening 11.

Between the edges of the support opening 11 and the end edges of the fixing projection 4 and between the end edge of the guide protrusion 5b and the end edge of the indentation 13 again. ), The play 16 ensures the movement of the thrust bearing part 2 relative to the journal bearing part 3. The guide protrusion 5b likewise has a wide play 16 in the indentation 13 which is generally the same as that of the fixing protrusion 4 in the support opening 11.

Also in the above embodiment, an arc-shaped subwall edge 15 extends between the guide protrusion 5b and the fixing protrusion 4 at the peripheral edge of the inside of the thrust bearing part 2.

In order to assemble the journal-thrust composite sliding bearing, the fixing projection 4 of the thrust bearing part 2 is inserted into the support opening 11 of the journal bearing part at an inclined position of the thrust bearing part. This results in a constant clearance between the corners extending in the peripheral direction of the support opening 11 with respect to the thickness of the fixing projection 4.

After the fixing projection 4 enters the support opening 11 from the journal bearing portion 3 to the contact of the subwall edge 15 to the outer surface of the edge range 7, the thrust bearing portion 2 It is pivoted on the front side of the journal bearing portion 2, where the guide protrusion 5b enters the axial open indentation 13.

Then, as in the example shown in FIGS. 1 to 6, the support nose portion 8 is formed near the fixing projection 4, and as a result, the thrust bearing portion 2 is the journal bearing portion 3. Is firmly supported, but has a desired movement potential for the journal bearing portion 3.

In both embodiments of the present invention the formation of the central recesses or cutouts has a particular advantage, because in this way the fixing projections 4 at the edges 14 of the journal bearings 3 have a particular advantage. This is because it is maintained at a safe radial distance to the sliding surface 10.

Claims (12)

It has a half-liner- or bush-shaped journal bearing portion and a partial ring shaped thrust bearing portion or a partial ring shaped thrust bearing portion attached on one side or both sides, where each thrust bearing has its interior. Assembled journal-thrust composites having a plurality of support protrusions protruding inwardly at mutual angular intervals at the periphery of the grooves and inserted into grooves formed at the edges of the arched or circular journal bearing portion In the type sliding bearing, at least one groove at a peripheral edge of the journal bearing portion 3 with respect to each thrust bearing portion 2 is closed with respect to the support half-divider liner used as the fixing projection 4 ( 11), and through this supporting projection, the thrust bearing portion 2 at that time The regular protrusion 4 is inserted and the journal bearing portion 3 has an integrated nose portion 8 which is gripped, in which the entire supporting protrusions 4, 5 receive the housings respectively. The parts 11, 12, 13 have a play in the circumferential direction and a play in the axial direction of the journal bearing part 3, and the nose part 8 has a thrust bearing for the journal bearing part 3. A sliding bearing, characterized in that it forms a predetermined radial play of the part (2) and has a distance from the inner surface part of the journal bearing part (3) gripped by them. 2. The fixing projection (4) according to claim 1, wherein the fixing protrusion (4) has one sinking portion (6) at its radially inwardly facing edge and grips the journal bearing portion (3) on both sides from the sinking portion. A sliding bearing, characterized in that the nose portion (8) is formed. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least one guide protrusion (5a, 5b) having no support nose portion is formed in addition to the fixing protrusion (4) having the support nose portion (8). Sliding bearing. 4. A fixed projection (4) arranged in the center having integrally formed supporting nose portions (8), and having no integrally formed supporting nose portions, roaming from both sides with respect to the fixing projections. A sliding bearing characterized by the arrangement of guide protrusions (5a, 5b) arranged at one angular interval (α, β). 5. The guide protrusions 5a and 5b arranged on both sides are arranged at angular intervals of up to 30 ° (α ≦ 30 °) with respect to the center fixing protrusion 4, respectively. A sliding bearing, characterized in that it is gripped by one closed support opening (12) in the journal bearing portion (3) with an enlarged play. The guide protrusions 5a and 5b arranged on both sides thereof are arranged at an angular interval of 30 ° or more (β ≤ 30 °) with respect to the center fixing protrusion 4, and the journal bearing part ( 3) each of which is held by an indentation 13 which is open outwardly in the axial direction at the edge of each of the indentations 13, wherein the base edge 13a of the indentation 13 is directed toward the center fixing protrusion 4 A sliding bearing characterized in that it is aligned with the inner edge (11c) of the axial direction. Journal- and thrust compound slides having a half-liner- or bush-shaped journal bearing part and a partial ring shaped thrust bearing part or a partial ring shaped thrust bearing part attached to one side or both sides. In the case of a method for the manufacture of bearings, the partial ring shaped thrust bearing part has a support protrusion projecting radially at the inner peripheral edge thereof, and the journal bearing part has a thrust bearing at one or both axial end edges. A method, which has been previously machined with grooves for receiving the support protrusions, comprising: at least one fixing projection and a journal bearing portion projecting inwardly in a radial direction in a generally rectangular shape from a peripheral edge of the inside of the thrust bearing part; At least one rectangular opening in the direction of the edge Being pressed, the thrust bearing part and the journal bearing part are assembled, wherein the fixing projection is inserted into the support opening in the circumferential direction with the play and in the axial direction of the journal bearing portion and the fixing projection is enlarged. The resulting gathered material grips the journal bearing in the range of the support openings, where the gathered material is formed in the form of at least one nose and agitated adjacent the support openings with the desired clearance. Characterized in that it is formed only up to a distance from the inner flat surface range of the null bearing part. 8. The method of claim 7, wherein at least one cutout is formed at an edge of the fixing protrusion. 9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the formation of the cutout portion is performed simultaneously with the formation of the supporting nose portions holding the journal bearing portion. The method of claim 8, wherein the fixing projection having at least one cutout is made in advance and after insertion of the fixing projection into the support opening, the cutout edges are flattened to form the supporting nose portions holding the journal bearing portion. Characterized in that the method. The guide protrusions according to any one of claims 7 to 10, in addition to the fixing projections to the inner peripheral edge of the thrust bearing portion 3, the guide protrusions being mutually up to 30 ° (α 30 °) with respect to the fixing projections. Three support openings are formed that are formed at angular intervals of and that are rounded off at the desired clearance of the dimensions corresponding to the axial edge range of the journal bearing part but larger than the guide projections, and the fixing projections and guides. And the projections are introduced into the support openings using pre-prepared clearances while moving around the journal bearing portion and the thrust bearing portion. The inner peripheral edge of the thrust bearing part 3 is provided with two roaming guide projections of at least 30 ° from the fixing projections (β 30) according to any one of claims 7 to 10. In the axial edge range of the journal bearing part, preferably in the correction range a closed support opening of a larger dimension than the fixing projections and axially oriented projections on both sides thereof. However, slightly larger dimensions of the open indentation are pressed and the thrust bearing part is inserted into the support opening with the central fixing projection at the inclined position and then the journal bearing being introduced into the indentation with the outer guide projection. And pivoted to a negative axial edge.