KR0173167B1 - Process for purifyng the water soluble carbohydrate from opuntia - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for extracting a water-soluble polysaccharide with a cactus, and more particularly to a method for extracting an edible edible water-soluble polysaccharide effective from the leaves of a cactus.

Method for extracting the water-soluble polysaccharides from the leaves of the cactus according to the present invention is to cut the leaves of the cactus to remove the thorns to a thickness of 0.5 to 1.5 centimeters, dried by hot air drying at 50 to 70 ℃, and then physically pulverized to powder To collect the powder passing through a sieve of 30 to 50 mesh, add 10 to 100 times of water to it, extract the hot water at 100 ° C. for at least 40 minutes, and collect the supernatant obtained by centrifugation to precipitate with ethanol. It is characterized by extracting a water-soluble polysaccharide having a calcium content of 5 to 10% by drying at 70 ℃.

As described above, the present invention provides an effect of effectively extracting a water-soluble polysaccharide that can be used as a beverage including a medicinal component and an edible portion from the leaves of a cactus.

Description

How to Extract Water-Soluble Polysaccharides from Leaves of Cactus

1 is a graph showing the extraction yield of the water-soluble polysaccharides with the passage of extraction time for extracting the water-soluble polysaccharides according to the present invention.

The present invention relates to a method for extracting a water-soluble polysaccharide with a cactus, and more particularly to a method for extracting an edible edible water-soluble polysaccharide effective from the leaves of a cactus.

The reality is that domestic agriculture is facing a big crisis due to the opening of imports and the Uruguay Round negotiations. In particular, in the case of Jeju, etc., it is urgent to have competitiveness in imported agricultural products in the agricultural field, as the import and openness of oranges etc. is decided, and the tangerine farmers are expected to be hit in the near future. Therefore, the development of alternative crops that are competitive with respect to imported agricultural products and the commercialization thereof have been actively studied. As a result, the cultivation of food cactus and the development of discernible products using the same have been studied by the present inventors.

Cactus belonging to the genus Opuntia, also known as palm cactus, is not only easy to cultivate, but also has a very low cost of planting compared to other crops.

In addition, cactus has long been known for its clinical efficacy as a folk remedy by word of mouth. For example, cactus leaves or berries are known to be effective for treating constipation, diuretic effect, activation of intestinal motility, and appetite. Fastening the cactus leaves or berries on the stomach is effective for treating skin diseases, rheumatism and burns. It is known.

In addition, if you quote the Chinese medicinal books Chinese Dictionary, you can see that it is described as follows.

The cactus's scientific name is Opuntia dillenii Haw, which is 1 to 3 meters tall with shrubs. The lower part of the stem has a tree shape and its shape is close to a cone. The upper part is thick and flat and has a node in green. Each node is egg-shaped or round, 15 to 30 centimeters in length, shiny, with numerous sporadic growths, with a dense, pointy spine of yellowish brown soft hairs on each small lobe. The flesh of the leaf is fine and symmetrical, the top part is magenta, the bottom part is green, and the flower is yellow. Wild or cultivated and distributed areas are Yunnan, Sichuan, Guizhou, Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, flower, fruit, flesh stem juice, extract are used for medicinal and special purposes.

The climate or soil prefers a relatively hot environment and must be cultivated in a warm, sunny and dry place, away from the wind, and the soil prefers sandy soil.

Breeding is carried out in spring and summer by the breeding method, cutting the bottom of the stalk node so that the cut part is facing outwards in a well-ventilated place. Leave for 2 to 3 days to dry the cut noodles and bury them in the ground.

A plant manager should give a fertilizer once a new stem emerges at the top.

According to the component analysis, the stem juice contains three terpene-based compounds, contains malic acid and succinic acid, and a large amount of calcium in the ash.

Taste is bitter and cold, not toxic, and may have a sour taste depending on the type.

Effective medicinal products improve the flow of blood and circulation, cool the fever, and release the poison. It is effective when there is lump in the stomach due to heart and stomach pain treatment, non-rigid bandage, dysentery, hemorrhoids, cough, sore throat, lung abscess, purulent mastitis, blistered swelling, burn burn and snake bites. have.

In summary,

1) Initial treatment and treatment of hemorrhoids

2) Treatment of pain, boils and malignant boils

3) It strengthens the stomach with nourishing tonic, protects the spleen, antitussive action and nerve stability, relieves pain in the heart and stomach, detoxification of poisoning

4) antipyretic calm, relief of sore throat, treatment of blistering swelling and burn, treatment of mental disorder and sedation of severe acute

5) anti-inflammatory detoxification, discharge of purulent and giving birth to flesh, relieve cough

6) Treatment of acute mastitis, removal of callus

7) promoting flow of blood and circulation

8) Eliminates blood (congestion), detoxification of intestines, stomach reinforcement and nourishment

9) anti-diabetic effect and treatment of enteritis, diarrhea treatment

And so on.

The usage and dosage is boiled in the case of oral medicine (1 to 2) to eat, grind into powder or soaked in alcohol. In the case of external use, apply it to the affected part or crush it to the degree of dimness.

Prescriptions include the following:

1. For the treatment of patients with old stomach pain, take 1-2 cactus roots with pork stomach.

2. For the treatment of stomach pain, grind cactus and make powder and eat it with boiled water for 1 money each time, or chop 1 cactus and chop it together with 2 beef.

3. For non-symptom symptom and abdominal pain, take 3 cactus of fresh cactus, remove thorns, chop finely, boil with meat, or mash cactus mashed with sake, and apply it repeatedly on affected part.

4. For the treatment of acute bacterial diarrhea, take 1-2 fresh cactus boiled in water.

5. In case of bleeding due to hemorrhoids, take cactus and licorice together.

6. In the case of bronchial asthma, take off the crusts and the bark of cactus and dip it in honey to take an appropriate amount, but take 1/2 of the palm every day to stop immediately when symptoms disappear.

7. When the chest is pounding and lack of sleep, crush 2 cacti, squeeze juice, and take white sugar in boiled water.

8. If you have blisters on your palms, crush the entire fresh cactus and apply it to the affected area.

9. In the case of purulent mammary gland and early tuberculosis and red, swollen pain, the cactus is heated, burned and rubbed against the affected area.

10. For mumps, mumps and boils, apply fresh cactus to the affected area by removing the thorns and lumping it.

11. In case of eczema or pustules, dry an appropriate amount of cactus stems on low heat, grind to powder and apply to affected area for external use.

12. In the case of ringworm tofu (mechanical insects), cactus is dried over low heat, powdered and prepared in perfumed oil.

13. Burn the cactus with a knife, cut it up, put it on the wound, and cover it with sterilized gauze.

14. Snakes or insect bites, crush the whole cactus, juice out and apply to the affected area.

In addition, according to clinical reports,

1. In the case of frostbite treatment, remove the thorns of cactus and clump it on the affected area, wrap it in gauze, and after 5 days, remove it. One- or two-degree frostbite is treated with one application. Third degree frostbite is hung once 3 days later and treated after 1 week. However, it does not apply to frostbite more than 3 degrees frostbite.

2. For the treatment of acute mastitis and mumps, remove 2 lumps of cactus, clump and apply with 95 ml alcohol 50 milliliters evenly and apply externally. Do this 100 times twice a day to heal. In the case of mastitis, the juice of the cactus is mixed with flour, which is a good effect.

3. In the case of treatment of stomach and duodenal ulcer, it was proved through the experiment that cactus has a protection effect on hemostasis and ulcer wounds, and it was applied to ulcer hemorrhagic. Dry and powder to take 1 gram twice a day. Patients with low secretion of gastric acid take 1 to 2 doses of chicken skin powder (used for indigestion and vomiting) for every root of cactus powder, and patients with high secretion of gastric acid secretion ) Take 2 to 3 doses in mixture. If you take 21 days as above, it will be treated.

In the above observations, eight cases showed no improvement or improvement of abdominal pain, gastric acid, or black stools after taking the medicine. In seven cases, barium porridge drinking and X-ray showed significant improvement.

As described in detail in the Chinese herbal medicine dictionary, cactus has a significant pharmacological effect, and it has been found to have a good effect on digestive system and circulation system.

However, in the conventional case, taking the cactus directly in one shot or applying it to the affected area is quite inconvenient, and drinking the juice as it is is not only rejection due to odor, but especially the fruit of the cactus. Very solid, thick, and the flesh and seeds to buy the form of the flesh has a fairly dense structure there was a problem that it is extremely difficult to produce juice by simple pressing and the like.

Therefore, the present inventors aim to provide a method for producing a water-soluble polysaccharide that can be used as a material of processed foods and health supplements using the leaves of the cactus.

Hereinafter, the configuration will be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments of the present invention.

Method for extracting the water-soluble polysaccharides from the leaves of the cactus according to the present invention is to cut the leaves of the cactus to remove the thorns to a thickness of 0.5 to 1.5 centimeters, dried by hot air drying at 50 to 70 ℃, and then physically pulverized to powder To collect the powder passing through a sieve of 30 to 50 mesh, add 10 to 100 times of water to it, extract hot water at 100 ° C. for at least 40 minutes, and collect the supernatant obtained by centrifugation to precipitate with ethanol. It is characterized by extracting the water-soluble polysaccharide by drying at 70 ℃.

Here, the hot water extraction is to increase the extraction efficiency by continuously circulating the heated water as a solvent by reflux cooling. The water is heated to the vicinity of the boiling point, and the heated water is brought into contact with the cactus powder as the above extract to cactus powder. Extracting the water-soluble component contained in the water, separating and cooling the water-containing extract containing the water-soluble component to increase the distribution ratio of the water-soluble component in the solvent, and then continuously heating the solvent, water, to contact the extracted extract. It is a kind of extraction method that can be easily understood by those skilled in the art by repeating with.

Example 1

[Extraction Yield of Water-soluble Polysaccharides from Cactus According to Amount of Milk]

After removing the thorns, the leaves of the wounded cactus were screened and washed, cut into 1 cm thick, hot-air dried at 60 ° C., powdered by a waring blender or grinder, and sieved through a 40 mesh sieve. 10 to 50 times of water was added to the obtained powder, and hot water extraction was performed at 100 ° C. for 1 hour, followed by centrifugation (10,000 xg, 20 minutes) using a Beckman's rotor-type centrifuge to remove the insoluble material. The ethanol content of the extract was added to 60% of the whole, and after stirring for 30 minutes at room temperature, the mixture was left to precipitate a water-soluble polysaccharide to obtain a precipitate. The precipitate was re-acquired through filtration, dried and then weighed. The extraction yields of water-soluble polysaccharides were compared according to the amount of water, and the results are shown in Table 1.

The leaves of the cactus were supplied from plants grown in the cactus plantation in Jeju Island.

According to the above results, the extraction yield of the water-soluble polysaccharides increased as the amount of the hydrolyzate increased, and the extraction yield was the highest when the amount of the hydrolyzate was extracted at 100 ° C. for 1 hour.

Example 2

Extraction Yield of Water-soluble Polysaccharides from Cactus with Extraction Time

After removing the thorns, the leaves of the woundless cactus were screened and washed, cut into 1 cm thick, hot-air-dried with hot air at 60 ° C, and powdered with a waring blender or grinder to obtain 40 mesh. 30 times of water is added to 100 grams of the sifted powder, and 100 ml of each extract is extracted by hot water extraction at 100 ° C. for 2 hours, and centrifuged to remove 70 ml of supernatant (extract). After adding 280 milliliters, the amount of water-soluble polysaccharide separated by stirring after standing for 30 minutes at room temperature was weighed to compare the extraction yield of water-soluble polysaccharides with the passage of extraction time, and the results are shown in FIG.

As a result, the extraction rate of the water-soluble polysaccharides showed a tendency to increase as the extraction time increased.

Example 3

[Recovery Rate of Water-soluble Polysaccharides from Cactus According to Ethanol Content]

After removing the thorns, the leaves of the woundless cactus were screened and washed, cut into 1 cm thick, hot-air-dried with hot air at 60 ° C, powdered with a waring blender and filtered through a 40-mesh sieve. To 67 grams of the powder obtained was added 2,000 grams of water 30 times, extracted with hot water at 100 ° C. for 1 hour, centrifuged as in Example 1, a supernatant was obtained and ethanol was added to 100 milliliters of the supernatant to obtain final ethanol. The concentration was adjusted to 50 to 90% to precipitate a water-soluble polysaccharide to obtain a precipitate, and the basis weight to control the yield, and the results are shown in Table 2.

According to the above results, as the ethanol content increases, the amount of the water-soluble polysaccharide separated in the extract aqueous solution increases, which means that the hydrogen bond with the water molecules that are hydrated in the water-soluble polysaccharide with ethanol is weakened, and instead, As the binding force between the molecules becomes larger and aggregates with each other, it appears that the weight of the aggregate increases and precipitates.

Example 4

[Analysis of Crude Ash and Contents of Calcium and Phosphorus in Water-soluble Polysaccharides]

1.3 grams of each of the water-soluble polysaccharides obtained according to the amount of ethanol added in Example 3 were ingested, and the content of crude ash was basalized, and the results are shown in Table 3, and the calcium and The content of phosphorus was quantitatively analyzed by ICP-AES (Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectrometry) and the results are shown in Table 4.

From the above results, it was found that the crude ash occupies about 70% or more of the water-soluble polysaccharides, and it was found that the aqueous polysaccharide separated under the conditions of low ethanol fraction, that is, the water fraction, was high in the crude ash content. It was found that the minerals that make up the affinity for water have a higher polarity than ethanol.

From the above results, the calcium content of the water-soluble polysaccharide obtained under the condition of 60% ethanol content was 9.05%, and the phosphorus content was not significantly different among the five water-soluble polysaccharides. It can be seen that there is a tendency to increase as it increases.

As described above, the present invention provides an effect of effectively extracting a water-soluble polysaccharide that can be used as a beverage including a medicinal component and an edible portion from the leaves of a cactus.

Although the present invention has been described in detail only with respect to the above-described embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention may be changed or modified within the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such changes or modifications are attached to the appended claims. Should be limited by

Claims (1)

In the method of extracting water-soluble polysaccharides derived from cactus by cutting, drying, powdering, hot water extraction, ethanol precipitation and drying, hot water extraction is carried out by 30-50 times water by weight to the powdered cactus of Opuntia. Addition is carried out for 1 to 2 hours at 100 ℃, ethanol precipitation is a method for extracting a water-soluble polysaccharide derived from Opuntia genus cactus, characterized in that is carried out by adding ethanol such that the final ethanol concentration is 60%.