KR0169981B1 - Electronic display device - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an electronic display device. Such display devices include, for example, at least one electro-optical display means, such as a liquid crystal cell, and a fixed number of element patterns connected to such electro-optical display means, such that the element pattern is mostly matched to the selected form and selected mixed mosaic. The structure is formed by a pattern of heterogeneous and complementary contours arranged on and on the basis of a series of number-letters in the form of a type structure and arranged so that the grids overlap each other similarly to the contours of the puzzle; The mosaic is characterized by being divided by an optical passive band covering a certain element pattern and forming a mosaic cut-up. Such electronic displays are suitable for panels displaying alphanumeric characters for message guidance at railway stations or airport waiting rooms and grounded public areas.

Description

Electronic display

1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal cell of a standard form for forming an active display device of the device according to the present invention.

2 is a view showing one of an alphabet and a number displayed by a conventional apparatus, and showing a character type defect in the apparatus as evidence.

FIG. 2a is an enlarged view of the device for the element pattern taken at the location of the defect 10 in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of a mosaic according to a first embodiment in which a display device according to the present invention is arranged, showing an example in which the shape of the mosaic is constituted by electrodes of cells as shown in FIG.

FIG. 3a is an enlarged view of part IIIa of FIG. 3;

FIG. 3b is a view similar to FIG. 3 showing different element patterns of the mosaic connected to their electrical connections.

4A-4K illustrate respective portions of alphabets and numbers that may be represented by mosaics according to the first embodiment.

5 is a plan view of a counter electrode according to the present invention.

6 is a plan view of a mosaic according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a plan view of a base grid adapted to form a mosaic as shown in FIGS. 3 and 6 and corresponding to the first step of obtaining such a mosaic.

8 is a plan view of a second stage of the manufacture of the mosaic comprising a base grid of FIG.

FIG. 9 is the third stage of mosaic production in FIG. 6 and the black part is to divide it into a continuous or blocked separation disposed on the mosaic.

FIG. 10 shows a grid obtained following the steps shown in FIG.

11 to 38 show, in particular, the alphabetic and numeric characters represented by the mosaic in FIG.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

1: cell 2: front plate (plate)

3: back plate (plate) 4: sealed frame

5 mixture 6a electrode

6b: counter electrode 11: connection

20: grooved part 22: crossbar

30: track (electrical connecting element)

The present invention relates in particular to an electronic display for the visual display of special signs such as alphabets and numbers.

In particular, the present invention relates to a display device in which the active display means is constituted by one or several elements, the optical characteristics of which can be changed as a function of the electrical energy signal selectively controlled by the electronic control circuit.

In order to designate the plurality of elements (elements), reference is made to an electro-optical cell of a liquid crystal type. The present invention can be applied to a display device including, for example, a set of electro-light emitting diodes called LEDs, or can be applied to other display devices.

An electronic device comprising a set of modules each configured by liquid crystal cell electrodes or by electro-light emitting diodes according to patent application FR-A-2 458 857, which are arranged adjacent to each other and in the form of straight segments which are in contact with lines and columns. Display devices are already known.

In a tabular plan, such devices do not provide complete satisfaction because they allow the display of only bar characters in the form of strokes joined together. Such devices are also quite limited because the module does not allow indiscriminate display of either the case form or capital letters below.

In addition, patent application EP 0 146 285 describes another type of display device, which is basically made in the form of a point matrix with n lines and p columns (where n is 5 and p is 3 in this embodiment).

The pixels of such a matrix, that is, the most basic pattern for forming each individually addressable electrode, have been modified for the pixels of the most sample point matrix for the purpose of only increasing the resolution. Therefore, anyone who thinks of such a matrix and wants to maintain absolute quality of the sub-matrix (usually 5x3) has been trying to increase the number of pixels. They started naturally with standard material forms, including by definition rectangular rectangle pixels and especially spherical pixels, all by definition. Their purpose was to cut almost all of them in a pseudo-identical manner by two diagonal lines, leading to the division of the pixel into four. Thus, the structure of the result is made up of several repeated groups, each consisting of four isosceles triangles. By observing the contours or pavements of these groups, the original rectangular appearance is newly discovered, and their joining constitutes a pattern or matrix grid.

Thus, the structure of such a device is in a very regular and orderly concept, with straight and nearly identical groups and repetitions of pixels responding to the definition of the matrix type representation.

This particular concept of electro-optical display presents a very important difficulty. The form of displayable characters is determined from the beginning by the matrix device of electrodes or pixels. Thus, starting from the determined plan, the user must select the pixels at his disposal to obtain letters or numbers within a given plan. Therefore, it is not possible to visualize characters that are tailored to certain styles because the capabilities of the device are limited within the original pattern.

As a result, although the device proposed in the above patent application meets the requirement to increase the display resolution of the material type by increasing the pixel number, it is understood to be very limited. The user, and consequently the purchaser of these devices, thus finds the most appealing form of text that approximates a particular type or approximates a handwriting.

The patent application EP 0 180 685 partially solves this problem by supplying a device with a different concept, especially in its last embodiment. The first purpose is to improve the design of the letters, and the inventor of such a device no longer starts from the exposed plan of the electrode and starts from the letters and numbers themselves to fit the electrode just behind the results to be obtained.

This is why the pixels obtained are irregularly formed and arranged in a disordered manner without systematic repetition in lines and columns. These pixels have different outlines in most cases.

This type of device is called a mosaic, which is a combination of spontaneous contours (rounded, straight, angled), but complementary and blended from a variety of pixels that are aligned and aligned with each other. It is because it has a structure. Reference is not made to the division in which the pixel or electrode is partially and evenly spread over the entire surface of the device as opposed to the matrix structure defined above. This type of device is particularly concerned with colored glass pieces found in ancient stained glass windows in Western religious buildings.

Such a device has significant difficulties.

It first increases the number of pixels because it fits into a certain form, which makes it indispensable to combine it into electronic circuitry, making it more complex and increasing the production cost of the device.

In addition, the obtained character is not very satisfactory and shows the disadvantages formed by the points as described below.

Effectively, a dot or indicia denoted by (10) appears on a marked letter such as A, as schematically shown in FIG. 2 of the accompanying drawings, which disadvantages in particular affect the appearance, and thus the design quality of the letter. do.

In addition, a noise line, such as indicated by reference numeral 11 in FIG. 2, appears on the side of the character.

Effectively, each element pattern is constituted by an electrode that is electrically insulated from neighboring electrodes, and it is necessary to combine each pattern into the electronic control system by its electrical connection.

These connections are formed by tracks that are structured as electrodes on a substrate covered by a conductive layer by photolithography, which results in a change in the optical properties of the liquid crystal located between them and the counter-electrode part. To do that. Thus, this connection appears in the cell at the same time the alphanumeric is displayed, which in turn degrades the display.

To alleviate this, it has been proposed to divide into several very small branches and they overlap with the counter-electrodes so that they are not visible (Figure 2a) or very complex counter-electrodes only overlap the electrodes and not with the electrical connections. Do not

In both cases, electronic displays are complex and very expensive.

Furthermore, the device according to such application EP 0 180 685 remains very limited because it does not allow the visual display of lowercase letters, even if it provides a clear improvement in the form of the letters. This also creates the difficulty of the size being determined by the size function of the numbers and letters to be displayed. Therefore, this size is fixed and can be changed only by changing the display device that is already installed to fit characters of different sizes.

The present invention is, for example, free from the drawbacks as pointed out above, but is more stylized than the Helvetica Halbfett character with a good design (definition) that allows production at relatively low manufacturing costs by minimizing the number of pixels. The aim is to provide a complete display that can be displayed.

The present invention also aims to provide a display device capable of adjusting the size of characters while lowering the manufacturing cost as much as possible.

In accordance with one aspect of the present invention a curved separation with spreads (Y) is formed in a grid layer,

Forming a diagonally extending disadvantage in the grid layer comprising a separation of the first group and a separation of the second group, wherein the separation in the first group intersects the separation in the second group,

A separation of the horizontal extension with said spread Y is formed in said grid layer,

The curved separation, the diagonal extension separation and the horizontal extension separation cause the grid layer to be divided into mosaics of element patterns of different sizes and shapes, with some of the element patterns being homogeneous. And complementary contours to allow one element pattern to fit snugly within another element pattern, and to place a plurality of optically unresponsive band regions within the grid layer, wherein the diagonally extending separation The optically unresponsive band creates an optically unresponsive region with a small surface by intersecting within the region, and the optically unresponsive band has a small surface with the spread (Y). Blend to have a width (X) wider than the width of the region And formatting (stylized) in jayikeu type structure selected character - on the basis of the number including the element patterns to match this and at least one electrical-electronic display device having the optical display means.

In accordance with another feature of the invention, a band is formed that is not optically responsive, such that the band overlaps and masks an element pattern having a smaller surface so that these small surface patterns can be removed. To be provided on the mosaic at a location that does not appear in the.

Also in accordance with the present invention the bands are enclosed in a straight line and all are located at right angles or parallel to the reading sense of the characters on the display.

According to another aspect of the invention the invention provides for at least one electro-optical display device, for example a liquid crystal cell,

Electro-optical display means comprising a plurality of element patterns connected to the electro-optical display and stylized to match them on the basis of the selected letter-number; and

Consists of an optically unresponsive band dividing the mosaic-type structure to form a cut-up,

The element patterns are arranged to form a mixed mosaic-type structure having a grid formed by the element patterns, each having a different size and shape, and some of the element patterns may have unequal complementary contours. So that one element pattern fits snugly within another element pattern in the same way as in a puzzle, and the element patterns are spread by a spread (width) Y by bending separation, horizontal extension separation and diagonal extension separation. Spaced apart from each other (not visible in the drawing because their width is relatively very short), the diagonally extending separations are arranged to intersect the other diagonally extending separations,

Each of the optically unresponsive bands has a first edge (edge), and the first edge of the band creates a small size of optically unresponsive region with separation of the diagonal extension, wherein the optically unresponsive band is An electronic display device having a width X larger than the spread Y and arranged so that the band overlaps the optical response area of the small size is provided.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In FIG. 1, a liquid crystal cell is shown which forms the active display means of the device according to the invention, in which the cell 1 is transparent in a known manner and the front plate 2 joined together by a hermetically sealed frame 4. ) And a back plate (3). The hermetic frame 4 defines a hermetic volume, in which a mixture 5 of liquid crystal, for example a dichroic coloring material, is contained. The front face 2 and the back plate 3 forming the substrate have electrodes 6a and counter electrodes 6b on their respective inner faces and these electrodes are transparent and consist of, for example, an indium oxide / tin mixture. . The front plate 2 and the back plate 3 have a dielectric layer and a positioning layer not shown in the figure in the same manner.

Electrode 6a and counter-electrode 6b include electrical connections made by photo-lithographic printing on plates 2 and 3, with electrical connections not shown in the figures not shown in the figures. Are each connected to. In addition, in such an embodiment, the cell 1 further comprises a reflector-diffuser type or transducer elements, depending on the desired display mode.

The function of such cells is well known. When a potential difference is applied between one of the electrodes 6a and the counter-electrode 6b, the liquid crystal portion located between such an electrode and the counter-electrode is inactivated and inactivated, which optically produces a contrast portion. It is described in detail to change the structure to generate a difference in luminescence between the parts to generate optical properties.

As described above, devices known in the current market include electrodes 6a arranged to represent relatively modern characters.

At the same time, as shown in a very schematic way in FIG. 2, the alphabets and numbers represented by such devices have the disadvantage of being indicated by (10). This disadvantage is manifested in the form of dots at locations where the cell appears to be inactive, and the displayed text has a swirled appearance.

This difficulty therefore has a particularly undesirable effect on the commercial attractiveness of the device when it is to be marked at public places (eg destinations), such as railway stations or airport halls.

This type of flaw will mislead you that premature wear has occurred and leave most users with the idea of poor quality.

In addition, relatively fine strokes appear when approaching the display device within or near the display device letters, which correspond to the electrical connections indicated by reference numeral 11 in FIG. 2A.

To avoid the appearance of such a stroke, one technique is to cut (dry) the counter-electrode 6b in a special way so that no part of such a counter-electrode face faces the electrical connection 11. to be. However, the concept of the counter-electrode 6b becomes much more complicated because its own electrical connection in the free space remaining on the substrate between such a pattern and neighboring patterns is the same for each element pattern. As a result, production costs become expensive.

As shown in FIG. 2a, another solution is to divide each connection 11 into several branches 11a, resulting in more elaborate such branches that are at least somewhat distant and much less visible.

Here again, what is obtained by photo-lithographic printing of such branches significantly complicates the production of the display and does not allow further reduction in cell cost.

3 and 6 show a plan view of two mosaic embodiments according to the invention, in which a pattern of such a mosaic, usually called a pixel, is in this case constituted by an electrode such as electrode 6a. In a similar manner, such a pattern is constituted by an electroluminescent diode or other display device that can be electrically activated disposed on a suitable support plate.

The in-pixel element pattern arrangement according to the invention conforms well to the mosaic definition, in particular providing a heterogeneous and complementary outline of opaque contours in which such a pattern is luminous, oblong or with an unspecified combination. They are arranged to be nested in a similar way to the pattern of the puzzle. All these patterns are arranged in one direction or the other in an irregular and unordered manner without systematic repetition.

The mosaic element patterns m _1- m _n of FIGS. 3 and 6 (but not all of which are indicated by reference numerals) are used in which the device according to the invention displays a full range of alphanumeric characters, such as letters of the Latin alphabet. All characters, such as those used in European languages such as Germanic, as well as 0-9, can be combined with strength and weakness including underscores. Each mosaic in all of these embodiments has a shape such that it can represent characters that approximate the Helvetica Halbfett style.

In addition, Mozanike M, m _1-n (m ₁ -m _n ) of the element pattern is a combination of several mosaic Ms placed side by side or overlapping modules to display intelligent messages in the form of sentences or groups of coded words. Make sure all the dot signs are visible so that can be constructed.

By dividing such a mosaic (operation to be described later), certain element patterns m _1-n are positioned to assemble in groups G ₁ -G _n , and each element pattern in each group is very much at the parallel limit line. Combined in close proximity, very small spreads Y remain between them.

The group of patterns G _1-n is arranged in line Ll-L6 and column Cl-C5. Isolated element patterns m ₁ , m ₂ and m ₃ enable the strength of the Germanic character. The element patterns m ₁ and m ₃ are aligned and provided in the extension of the columns Cl and C5, respectively. An element pattern m ₂ having the shape of a completely rectangular ring is disposed facing the central column C3 below the element patterns m ₁ and m ₃ . .

Lines Ll-L6 of group G ₁ -G _n bind at least three specific regions A, B and C, respectively, and the last region D forms the strength and weakness described above.

Area A is the uppercase primary size visualization area and B is the lowercase visualization area. In the case of the C area, this is an area that enables the downstroke (underwriting) end mark and the underline mark, and each of the areas A, B and C includes five suitably arranged columns.

Regions A and B include five and three distinct groupings of lines in the first embodiment of FIG. 3, respectively, and selecting such odd lines results in the display of letters or numbers such as B, 3 or 8. And the indented portion 20 is centered on the horizontal crossbar 22 as specifically shown in FIGS. 4G-4I.

In addition, by enabling an odd number of lines in area B for lowercase letters in area A for uppercase letters, it is possible to display centered uppercase and lowercase letters as shown in FIGS. 4b, 4d, 4f and 4g-4k. . The particular feature of the group G ₁ -Gn arrangements thus related to each other thus enables the visualization of balanced characters with completely satisfactory design shapes.

In addition, in each of the distinctly distinct and characteristic groups G _1-n (G ₁ to G _n ), each element pattern (e.g., pattern m4), in this case an adjacent pattern or pattern which is pattern m ₅ -m ₇ The spread (width) Y separating from the field is small and is about 10 × 10 ⁻⁶ meters (10 μm) to 50 × 10 ⁻⁶ meters (50 μm). This distance serves as a basic function to electrically insulate adjacent patterns, which forms the width of the insulating space Es separating the patterns over the mosaic. Thus, the patterns in each group are placed in close proximity and appear to be connected side by side at a small interval. As can be seen for letters and numbers in FIGS. 4A-4K, such a spread Y does not appear in the displayed letter.

It can be defined that each group G _1-n is formed by at least two element patterns connected adjacently and at least partially separated by the insulating space E ₅ .

Preferably, the spread distance Y is selected to be the smallest in consideration of the practicality condition, the yield rate, and the like.

The width of the spread (Y) should be short enough so that the displayed letters or numbers on the display device are not visible to the naked eye. For example, when the electronic display board used in a train station or an airport is observed at a normal distance, the spread is visible. The maximum distance not to be divided into is 100 μm.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention shown in FIG. 3, the pattern of each group, at least in each of the groups in the A and B regions, comprises a rectangular separation gap.

In addition, each characteristic group G ₁ -G _n is separated from adjacent groups or groups by separation bands b _1-n (b ₁ -b _n ), where each separation band is in fact a group of adjacent groups in the case of a liquid crystal cell. It is provided by the absence of a conductive layer on the substrate between the electrodes 6a, which is constituted by the plate 2.

Preferably, the separation bands b ₁ -b _n all have the same width, and such widths are preferably about 1.2 × 10 ⁻³ meters (1.2 mm). Usually it is chosen at 1.5 x 10 ^-3 meters (1.5 mm).

The size X, the width of the separation bands that form different characteristic groups G ₁ -G _n , is in any case greater than the size Y, the width of the gap or insulation space remaining between adjacent element patterns in the same group. In such a case, size X is chosen to be 25-120 times larger than size Y.

In the case of a complex mosaic as in FIG. 3, seven to eight connecting tracks 30 should be arranged in the separating bands b _1- b _n as shown in FIG. 3b, with the spacing between these tracks being spread. If N connecting tracks 30 are made in the separation band b ₁₃ when determined to be equal to (Y), then the width of the band X, X (2N + 1) × Y, and if the minimum value of N is 7,

X 15 × Y, so

The width X of the band that does not optically react is at least 15 times greater than the spread Y width.

The ratio R between size X and size Y (R = X / Y) is satisfied when R is greater than at least 15 as described above, that is, when the width of the separation band is 15 times greater than the separation distance Y remaining between the patterns. Give reasonable results.

Preferably, size R is selected to be 30, where X = 1.5 × 10 ⁻³ meters (1.5 mm) and Y is 50 × 10 ⁻⁶ meters (50 μm). For this purpose, the distance Y is specified to be chosen smaller than 100 × 10 ⁻⁶ meters (100 μm).

In generally Figures 3 and 6, the mosaic according to the present invention is partitioned such that the separation band disposed between two adjacent groups can always exhibit a size X greater than the separation distance Y between the patterns of that group. Structure is shown.

Further, in such an embodiment, all element patterns, whether in region A or region B, are organized and connected in groups of two at least partially, with the limitation of side-by-side connections. In the present case it can be seen that the mosaic comprises 152 element patterns and only five are separated and about 97% of the element patterns in the entire mosaic are organized into groups.

As is well understood, this choice of group organization has important functional consequences, but offers the possibility of displaying characters with a completely special style, such as that shown in Figures 4a-4k, with Mosaic M, i. Separation bands b _1- b _n create areas that are not optically responsive, and track from the element pattern m _1-n between groups G ₁ -G _n toward the periphery of the display as shown in FIG. 3b (electrical connection). Element) 30 provides a preferred passageway.

This separation band b _1-n forms a freely bounded free region, as is clearly shown in FIG. 3, so that it is very easy to form the counter-electrode 6b shown in FIG. 5 in a corresponding manner. The counter-electrode 6b is such that the cut-out region 40 of the electrode without the conductive coating faces the separation band in which the electrical connection is disposed. Thus, these areas are optically insensitive and prevent the track (electrical connection) 30 from appearing in the display array during the alpha-numeric visualization.

Further, a mosaic M, i.e., a different element pattern m _1-n arrangement, is provided such that at most four separate bands b _1-n intersect on or within the active display means. Separation bands b _1-n are separated from each other at an angle α greater than 60 ° at least at the point level of intersection I (FIG. 3a).

The magnitude of this angle α coincides with the magnitude at which the occurrence of disadvantages begins to decrease noticeably, as defined below.

Preferably, the angle α is 90 ° when at maximum. The pattern group G _1-n outer contour of each group is specified to be surrounded by a straight line, and such a contour is preferably completely rectangular.

_1- band b n is in fact continuous or formed by a cut separating S ₁ -S _n, continuous or cut separation S ₁ -S _n are formed over the major part of the display means, a continuous separation, such as the S ₁ - Let S _n traverse the mosaic M from end to end to open from each right and left side edge and from its upper and lower edges. This applies in particular in areas A, B and C for vertical separation S ₁ -S ₄ and in areas A and B for horizontal separation S ₅ -S ₈ .

However, over the entire mosaic, the separation bands b ₁ -b _n and the continuous or cut separation S ₁ -S _n are organized vertically or parallel to the readout sense L of the character on the mosaic.

In the context of a straight line or horizontal readout, the continuous or cut separations S ₁ -S ₇ and the separation bands they form are defined basically in the vertical and horizontal directions.

The display device according to the invention makes it possible, in particular, to eliminate the disadvantages such as the dots or signs 10 which appear in the characters displayed by the currently known devices. 2A shows in detail the device of an element pattern for a known display device.

The appearance of disadvantage 10 in such a layout is illustrated by the combination of several phenomena.

Firstly, such shortcomings with the short lengths associated with the display are geometrically represented by one circle or circle of radius Rl, which is in contact with the ends or points of different element patterns converging towards the intersection i. In this case, it will be appreciated that the radius Rl is already greater than the separation distance remaining between the different element patterns. Thus, even at short lengths, it can be seen that the disadvantage 10 is already overwhelming compared to the remaining gaps between the patterns. These disadvantages and spacings appear in the same optical mode, ie in a contrasted manner, different from the way of the displayed letters.

At longer lengths, optical erosion, or loss of definition, occurs at the end or convergence points of the different element patterns, and the naked eye no longer distinguishes such points and only sees the equilateral edge f.

Thus, at this length the disadvantage 10 increases considerably in the form of a circle of radius R2, which is clearly larger than the radius Rl of the disadvantage, which is visually distinguished at short lengths.

Thus, at longer lengths, the spread between gap a and radius R of disadvantage 10 is increased so that such disadvantage 10 now appears very overwhelmingly against gap a.

In contrast, in the mosaic arrangement according to the invention, envelope sources from the intersection point I to the separation band levels, e.g., b13, b18, b19 and b20, are separated at short lengths as shown in Figure 3a. Has a radius r ₁ of size not greater than the width X of the bands b13,18-20.

Thus, the envelope circle does not form a disadvantage since it does not appear in a short length and is no longer overwhelming compared to the width of the separation bands b _1-n .

In addition, optical erosion at long lengths becomes less important for arcs such as f, since such arcs f are quite close to the points or ends of group G _1-n .

Thus, the envelope circle at the intersection point I represents a radius r ₂ having the same size as the width X of the separation bands b _1-n . Thus, whether it is short or long, there is virtually no drawback to the alphanumeric characters represented in such a structure.

In addition, the definition of character and readability is defined when the separation band b _1-n and in particular the continuous or divided separation S _1-n forming the division of the mosaic has a constant direction parallel or perpendicular to the readability of the displayed character. The mosaic M is improved in orientation as shown in Figure 3, ie vertically on the entire panel display assembly.

Such a device improves the appearance of the displayed characters.

Due to the structure of such a mosaic M, an element for accentuation in lowercase letters (see also 4d-4f) is disposed in the visualization or realization area A of the uppercase letter. Thus, lowercase accented elements are actually combined with letters provided in different alphabets, such as the Latin alphabet. Once again, such a possibility is explained by the arrangement of the element pattern groups. Since adding supplemental element patterns in the center of the same group is possible due to the pseudo-positioning of the element patterns in such groups, accentuated elements can be added to such groups in order to make them visible as shown by the letters 4d-4f. It is not discernible within the capital-number font used.

It will also be specified that the separation bands b _1-n and thus the continuous or cut separation S ₁ -S _n are arranged such that their intersection point I is found outside the realization region of the character branch, which appears vertically or horizontally.

6 shows a mixed display mosaic according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

The mosaic according to this embodiment comprises four consecutive or cut vertical separations oriented at right angles to the read sense L, and the cut separations S ₅ -S defined as being oriented parallel to the read sense L, ie horizontal. ₇ is included. In this embodiment, seven consecutive or divided separations forming the division of the mosaic M have a width X of the same size as mentioned above.

Thereafter, we will look at Figures 7-10, where the mosaic grids of Figures 3-6 are generated over some procedure and the division of such mosaics into bands is not optically responsive. Or explain how the cut occurred.

In FIG. 7 one grid is shown with base T ₁ as the first grid constituting the starting structure of the mosaic according to the invention. This base grid T ₁ not only displays the first set of small numbers but also forms an area B that allows for the display of lowercase letters.

As shown in FIG. 8, this base grid T ₁ is partially regenerated, in particular the upper part indicated T ₂ . The dashed-dotted line Lc represents the upper portion of the base grid T _{1 that} has been regenerated, and is glued on the base grid T ₁ . After joining the two grids T ₁ and T ₂ to regenerate the base grid, it is specified that the dividing line Lc is positioned so that the oblique insulation space will eventually allow the display of characters of different sizes within the same mosaic. For this purpose, the dividing line Lc is positioned at the intersection of the diagonally oriented insulation space Es.

After acquiring such a redundant structure of the base grid, in particular the continuous or cut separation S arranged in the direction as described above after acquiring an additional grid designated as the second grid T ₂ arranged above the first T ₁ . Divide the resulting grid T ₃ by ₁ -S _n . As shown in FIG. 9, the continued or cut separation completely compartmentalizes the resulting grid T ₃ because the continued or cut separation traverses the major part of the mosaic according to the invention. Form different groups of element patterns. As shown in FIG. 9 and in comparison with FIG. 8, the split or cut S ₁ -S _n partially covers a certain element pattern of grid T ₃ . In addition, separations or cuts that do not have such an optical response are shown so that they overlap the entire element pattern of the smallest surfaces and are arranged to mask them and are blackened in FIG. 9 for easy identification. Since such separation in the band or cut S ₁ -S ₇ is not optically responsive and corresponds to the absence of the electrode surface, the element pattern on the smallest surface is eliminated and causes so many problems at the electronic level as at the electrical connection level. It does not need to be combined with the addressing means anymore.

The mosaic according to the invention comprises at least two separate or horizontal cuts, denoted by S ₅ and S ₆ , which are most preferably arranged adjacent to the area with the highest density of the element pattern. Such areas are indicated by reference numerals 100 and 120, respectively. Preferably such separation or cuts S ₅ and S ₆ are arranged in a manner adjacent to regions 100 and 120 of the element pattern.

Thus, it becomes much easier to supply an element pattern to pixels that are difficult to access and need to couple electrical connections. The two horizontal separations or cuts S ₅ and S ₆ are arranged on either side of the pixel L ₄ group line which is intended to form intermediate horizontal bars to form a lower case letter as shown in the following figure. To be more precise, these separations or cuts S ₅ and S ₆ are arranged in contact with such lines and intermediate bars.

Thus such a mosaic further comprises a third horizontal separation or cut S ₇ arranged in contact with the line L ₃ , which forms a pattern group specifically designed to display the horizontal bar above the lower case letter. Preferably such separation or cut S ₇ is placed directly on the line L ₃ .

For vertical separation of bands or cuts, at least two of them, ie separations S ₁ and S _4, are placed tangentially in the mosaic region or columns C ₁ and C ₅ , in particular to form a downstroke of the character.

Preferably, the device according to the invention comprises four consecutive or divided separations arranged at right angles to the readsense, such four separations or cuts defining each of _five columns C ₁ -C _{5 of} these, Of these, columns C ₁ , C ₃ and C ₅ constitute the lateral and central columns, respectively, for the formation of downstrokes. Such central and lateral columns C ₁ , C ₅ have the same width. Also such three columns C ₁ , C ₃ and C ₅ for forming downstroke have the same width between them but shorter than those of the three columns C ₁ , C ₃ and C ₅ . Divided by two by the intermediate columns C ₂ and C ₄ .

FIG. 10 shows the divided grid T ₄ , which is the result of the work of FIG. 9, in particular the insulation space Es is added to form stress, downstroke or equivalence of certain alphanumeric characters.

As shown more precisely in FIG. 6, the mosaic according to the invention comprises four display areas for alpha-characters of different sizes.

Effectively, the mosaic according to the present invention comprises a first display area A that matches the formation of the letter-number of the average size, in particular the formation of the first set of uppercase letters and numbers (Figures 11-18). Such a first region A uses all columns and mosaic lines, except for the last L ₆ corresponding to region C, for the formation of the uppercase downstroke end and the underline bar.

Such a mosaic includes a second area E to be able to display large capital letters and large numbers. The letters shown are shown in FIGS. 19-26.

For region E, all available mosaic surfaces are used, so region A is included in region E.

The third characteristic display area of such a mosaic is the area B, which is basically capable of displaying small numbers and lowercase letters in the first position as described below. Nevertheless, lowercase letters use part of area A and part of area C in constant and downstroke. Thus, such a region B is included in the region A and is disposed directly above the underline region C.

The characters displayable by virtue of the area B are shown in FIGS. 27-34.

The mosaic according to the invention further comprises a fourth region F, by means of which the mosaic permits the display of small numbers different from those represented by the region B, i.e. with a significantly higher position. Region F is superimposed inside of region B, which together and overlaps to form region A. Thanks to such an area F, the displayable characters are indicated in FIGS. 35-38. Thus, such a mosaic contains at least two character areas for the formation of letters (numbers, uppercase letters or lowercase letters) that belong to the same family but have different sizes. More precisely, to form numbers of different sizes, it contains at least two character spaces A and B. Even more precisely, it contains three letter areas A, B, and E with three different sizes, ie, large, medium, and small.

Finally, it includes a fourth characteristic region F for the formation of numbers, in particular small numbers at different levels of up and down. Thus, in a very desirable way, different family members (large and small) such as numbers of different sizes (small, medium and large) applied to represent the divided final grid T ₅ shown in FIG. 6 in one and the same grid. Size mosaics are provided. Thus, such a possibility of responding to a predetermined size problem of alpha-numeric characters and of changing the size with one and the same mosaic enables the removal of the display cell representing time, for example.

This arrangement and processing allows to provide a large number of patterns on the same mosaic, which makes it possible to style the character without limiting the quality of the placement without having to affect the manufacturing cost of the arrangement.

The present invention can be applied to an electronic display device having a low multiplexing ratio, that is, a certain element pattern is electrically coupled among them in a manner corresponding to the multiplexing ratio. In such a case, the counter-electrode 66 comprises regions electrically isolated from each other and provided their own electrical connection and no longer becomes a monoblock as in the counter-electrode shown in FIG. .

Claims (20)

In one grid layer, it forms curved separations with spreads (Y), including separation of the first group and separation of the second group in the grid layer, the first group Forming a diagonally extending separation such that the inner separation intersects the separation in the second group, forming a separation of the horizontal extension with the spread Y in the grid layer, the curved separation, the diagonal extension Separation and the horizontal extension separation cause the grid filling to be divided into mosaics of element patterns of different sizes and shapes, and several of the element patterns have homogeneous and complementary contours so that an element pattern To fit snugly within the other element pattern, and to avoid multiple optical reactions within the grid layer. Arranging a band region, such that the diagonally extending separation intersects within the region so that the optically unresponsive band creates an optically unresponsive region with a small surface and does not optically react. Stylized into a mixed mosaic type structure such that the unbanded band has a width X that is wider than the width of the region with the spread Y and the small surface to match this based on the selected letter-number. An electronic display comprising an element pattern and having at least one electro-optical display means. The electronic display device according to claim 1, wherein the optically non-reactive bands are formed in a rectangular arrangement, and all of them are disposed only vertically or horizontally on the display device in a sense of reading. The electronic display device of claim 1, wherein the non-optical bands are arranged in a continuous or cut separation that compartmentalizes the element patterns into groups in a large portion of the mosaic. 4. The electronic display device of claim 3, comprising at least two separation portions each located adjacent to the mosaic area to form downstrokes of characters. The method of claim 4, comprising four consecutive or cut-up separations arranged perpendicular to the read sense, wherein the four separations make five vertical columns, three of which are down. An electronic display device comprising first and second side columns (ie, left and right side columns) and one central column for forming a stroke. 6. The electronic display of claim 5, wherein three vertical columns for forming the downstroke have the same width. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the five columns include a first and a second middle column, wherein the first middle column is one of three vertical columns to form downstroke from the first side column to form downstroke. Separating the center column, the second middle column separating the center column of the three vertical columns to form the downstroke from the second side column to form the downstroke, and the first and second middle columns Characterized in that they have the same width as each other having a width shorter than the width of the three vertical columns, and the first and second intermediate columns are further separated from the three vertical columns through a band which does not undergo adjacent optical reactions. Electronic display. 4. The electronic display device of claim 3, wherein the separations extend over the entire mosaic and open at upper and lower edges of the mosaic. 4. The electronic display of claim 3, comprising two or more horizontal separations extending parallel to the reading sense of the character. 10. The electronic display device of claim 9, wherein two horizontal separations are disposed adjacent to a region having the highest density of the element pattern. 11. The electronic display device of claim 10, wherein the horizontal separations are located adjacent to the largest density region. 10. The electronic display device of claim 9, wherein the two horizontal separations are disposed on either side adjacent to a middle horizontal bar to form a portion of a lower case letter. 13. The electronic display device of claim 12, further comprising a third separator disposed immediately above and adjacent to an upper horizontal lowercase bar. The electronic display device of claim 1 wherein the grid layer is divided into a mosaic of element patterns that can represent different sized letters for a letter and number family into a single unique grid. 15. The electronic display device according to claim 14, wherein the grid layer is divided into one mosaic including two or more characteristic areas to form characters of different sizes in the same family. The electronic display of claim 14, wherein the grid layer is divided into one mosaic including two or more characteristic areas to form numbers of different sizes. 15. The electronic display of claim 14, wherein the mosaic comprises a second grid that partially copies the first base grid to allow formation of display areas for characters of different sizes from the first base grid. 18. The electronic display device of claim 17, wherein the second grid is disposed above the first grid in the mosaic. The electronic display device according to claim 1, wherein the spread (width) (Y) is 100 µm or less and the width (X) is at least 15 times larger than the spread (Y). Forming at least one electro-optical indicator, an electro-optical indicator comprising a plurality of element patterns stylized to match it based on the selected alpha-numeric character, and forming a cut-up Composed of optically non-reactive bands dividing the mosaic-type structure, wherein the element patterns have different sizes and shapes, and form a mixed mosaic-type structure having a grid formed by the element patterns. And some of the element patterns have unequal complementary contours so that one element pattern fits within another element pattern in the same way as in a puzzle, and the element patterns are curved By spread (width) (Y) by split separation, horizontal extension separation and diagonal extension separation Away from the furnace (not shown visually because the width is relatively very short in the drawing), the diagonally extending separations are arranged to intersect the other diagonally extending separations, and each of the optically unresponsive bands Having a first edge (edge), the first edge of the band creating a small size of optically unresponsive region with separation of the diagonal extension, wherein the optically unresponsive band is greater than the spread (Y) X), wherein the band is arranged to overlap the optical response region of small size.