KR0163751B1 - Process for preparing the activated carbon from earthworm's feces soil and sludge - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention has been developed in the field of activated carbon manufacturing industry and various wastewater and sewage treatment plants to respond to research on methods and processes for producing activated carbon with good alternative raw material development and regeneration effect, and increasing demand for activated carbon for securing activated carbon manufacturing raw materials. As a method of treating sludge and livestock waste, organic sludge is supplied as food for the earthworm, and fecal soil excreted from the earthworm is recycled as a deodorant, land improver, and compost to stabilize the waste in terms of environmental engineering. Fecal soils are used as a raw material for the production of activated carbon.

Description

Manufacturing method of activated carbon using earthworm fecal soil and organic sludge

The present invention relates to the production of activated carbon, and more particularly, to a method for producing activated carbon using fecal soil and organic sludge of earthworms.

Activated carbon can be used for various purposes such as water supply and intake water, water treatment plant, sewage treatment, industrial wastewater treatment and groundwater organic matter (color, odor, colloid, detergent, pesticide removal) and free chlorine odor removal. have.

In the treatment of water supply, water intake and water treatment plant, it can be used to suppress algae generation and remove odor of foreign substances by microorganisms, remove odor of foreign substances due to inflow of industrial wastewater, remove oil and remove ABS, pesticides and amines. The city has biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total organic carbon content (TOC), removal of highly processed pigments, removal of biological treatment obstacles (pesticides, ABS, etc.), reuse of industrial water, golf course water and catch It can be used for water, groundwater use, reuse of water supply, and the like.

In addition, the use of industrial wastewater treatment includes biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), total organic carbon content (TOC), pigmentation, odor, oil, removal of phenol by advanced treatment, removal of biohazardous substances, biological Removal of difficult-to-decompose substances, removal of mercury and other metals, removal of oil odors, treatment of recirculating water and removal of radionuclides (nuclear power plants, filming stations, etc.), removal of organic matter from groundwater and removal of free chlorine odors from potable water. It can be used for purification of raw water, removal of pyrogenic substances from raw water, production of ultrapure water, removal of chlorine from tap water and treatment of drinking water, protection of ion exchange resins, production of industrial water, production of circulating water in factories.

In general, the raw materials used in the production of activated carbon are plant material (wood sawdust, charcoal, fruit peel, algae, rice husk, grains, agricultural waste, coffee beans), animal quality (fish bone, animal bone, blood), coal quality (peat) , Peat, peat, lignite, bituminous coal, anthracite, coal tar, coal pitch, coal coke), fiber (oil scale, petroleum tar, petroleum pitch, sulfuric acid sludge, coal coke) and industrial waste (synthetic resin, pulp waste liquid, alcohol) Waste liquid, organic material waste, waste tire, leather waste, combustion exhaust gas) and the like.

In the industry of manufacturing such activated carbon, there is much interest in the development of activated carbon having good alternative raw material development and regeneration effect of limited high-grade raw materials in order to secure an increasing number of activated carbon. Examples of general activated carbon production methods include a chemical activation method and a gas activation method. In the case of using a vegetable raw material such as sawdust, a chemical activation method is mainly used. Chemical activation method is a method of simultaneously carbonization and activity at about 600 ℃ zinc chloride, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, etc. are used.

The present invention prevents environmental pollution and recycles wastes by recycling fecal soil generated from the breeding of earthworms using organic sludge as a feed, and there is a shortage of raw materials faced by the activated carbon industry, development of alternative raw materials of activated carbon production and inexpensive activated carbon raw materials. The purpose is to meet the growing demand for hwantaek rudder, such as the supply of.

Currently, most of the organic sludge generated in our country is processed by simple treatment methods such as landfilling or incineration, and it is becoming increasingly difficult to secure landfill sites for sludge landfilling.

Sewage treatment plant consisting of organic materials that can be a food for earthworms in consideration of groundwater or soil pollution around landfills, leachate treatment problems, landfill costs after disposal, and air pollution problems due to sludge incineration. Sludge discharged from factories, paper mills, industrial wastewater treatment plants, etc. can be a good food for the earthworms, and the earthworms excreted by the earthworms that consumed these sludges can be used as deodorants, fertilizers, and land reforming agents. Vermistabilization may be justified in terms of recycling of organic sludge and the secondary pollution prevention mentioned above. Here, Vermistabilization supplies sludge and livestock waste from various sewage treatment plants as food for the earthworm, and fecal soil excreted from the earthworm is recycled with deodorant, land reformer, and compost to stabilize the waste in terms of environmental engineering. Say how.

The worms ingested as organic sludge absorb digested products such as sugars, lipids, and proteins in the digestive tract and discharge undigested fiber to the outside of the body, where viscous materials are mixed to form fecal soil. The fecal soil thus formed is a very stable substance, even particles having excellent water retention, hygroscopicity, and breathability. The size of the fecal soil is usually about 0.2 to 2.0 mm and has a spherical or oval shape, and contains a large amount of organic matter with sufficient nutrients. As the fecal soil of earthworms is very stable, it has large pores, prevents the dispersion of soil particles, forms a three-dimensional structure that combines particles with each other, improves soil physical properties such as air permeability and water retention, and has a high cation substitution capacity. The present invention has been completed based on the fact that the raw materials and properties used in the manufacture are similar.

Therefore, according to the present invention, there is provided a method for producing activated carbon using stool soil and organic sludge of earthworm, characterized in that the earthworm fecal soil is carbonized after the organic sludge is stabilized.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

An important factor in the treatment of organic sludge using earthworms is the relationship between earthworms and food. That is, the sludge, which is the food of the earthworm, is made of organic material containing microorganisms and changes over time. This process of change is called decomposition. In other words, in order to treat the sludge with earthworm stabilization, the physicochemical properties of the sludge should be suitable for the physiological adaptation of the earthworm and should not contain substances that are toxic to the earthworm. Only when the physicochemical conditions of the sludge and the breeding conditions of the earthworm are suitable, the efficient earthworm stabilization for the sludge recycling can be performed. The characteristics and composition of sludge used as food for earthworms are changed by the action of microorganisms according to the sludge concentration in wastewater treatment plant, the use of flocculant and anaerobic digestion of sludge. Various changes will greatly affect the growth of the earthworm.

According to the research of the present inventors, the physicochemical conditions of organic sludge that can be treated by earthworm stabilization have a pH of 5.8 to 7.5, a redox potential of positive value, an alkalinity of 1000 ppm or less, and a concentration of Cl ^-1 ion of 5000 ppm. The following appeared to be preferable.

The first consideration for determining whether an earthworm is stabilized is pH. Since earthworms grow well in neutral, sludge that can stabilize earthworms is known to be around pH 7.0, and it is reported that earthworms grow well in the pH range of 5.8 to 7.5.

Also, the condition to consider in treating sludge with earthworm stabilization is redox potential (Eh). The redox potential is affected by the water content of the sludge, the presence or absence of oxygen, the concentration of organic matter, and also by the concentration of reducing materials in the sludge. If the decomposition rate of organic material in the sludge is high, the redox potential shows a negative value. In this case, the anaerobic state cannot survive the lack of oxygen for respiration. When the redox potential shows a positive value, it is easy to treat sludge with earthworm stabilization. Therefore, sludge capable of earthworm survival should be sludge close to aerobic.

And the physicochemical conditions of sludge that can be supplied as food for earthworms are alkalinity which is closely related to pH. The sludge's alkalinity, which can be directly supplied to the earthworm's prey, is estimated to be less than 1,000 ppm.

An important physicochemical condition for treating sludge using earthworms is the presence of inorganic dissolved salts including chlorine ions. When we observed the effects of dissolved salts and Cl ^-1 concentration in soil, the biomass was about 0.85g at 0.3-0.8% for dissolved salts and 0.06% for Cl ^- ions. Low breeding density.

In organic sludge, paper wastewater treatment plant sludge is considered to be directly treated by earthworm in case of paper sludge, since hydrogen ion concentration and redox potential are suitable for earthworm stabilization conditions. Sludge treatment plant sludge also has hydrogen ion concentration and redox potential, which is suitable for earthworm stabilization conditions. Sewage treatment plant sludge is suitable for neutral pH range, but other indicators such as redox potential and alkalinity are unsuitable for stabilizing earthworms. In industrial wastewater sludge, pH, redox potential, and alkalinity are inadequate for stabilizing earthworms. The sludge of livestock wastewater treatment plant is suitable for the earthquake stabilization condition of pH and redox potential, but the alkaline degree is too high to be inadequate and needs pretreatment such as housing process. Industrial wastewater treatment sludge is suitable for neutral pH, but other indicators, such as redox potential or alkalinity, are unsuitable for stabilizing earthworms. In other words, it is not suitable to treat by using earthworm directly without pretreatment except paper sludge or manure sludge among organic sludge generated in various wastewater treatment plants.

In particular, in the case of paper sludge, which is a waste generated in a wastewater treatment plant of a paper manufacturing plant, most of them are made of pulp, which is suitable for producing activated carbon.

Features and other advantages of the invention as described above will become more apparent from the description of the non-limiting examples described below.

In the following examples, hydrogen ion concentration (pH), redox potential (Eh), water content (MC), volatile solids (VS), and alkalinity (ALK) are measured by the following method.

Hydrogen ion concentration (pH): 25 ml of distilled water was added to 10 g of the sludge, and the mixture was left to stand for 30 minutes or more, and measured by a hydrogen ion concentration meter (pH meter).

Redox potential (Eh): The measured sludge was measured using a direct redox potential (Eh meter).

Moisture content (MC): Put a certain amount of sludge into the crucible, which is dried in a constant weight and precisely weighed, and weighed precisely, and dried at 105 ° C for 24 hours to blow out moisture, and to cool in a sulfuric acid desiccator to accurately weigh the weight. The percentage of moisture content (WC) was calculated from the weight difference before and after.

Volatile solids (VS): The sludge was dried at 105 ° C. for 24 hours, dried sludge was collected in a crucible, the initial weight was measured, and the weight after incubation at 550 ° C. for 30 minutes was calculated and specified.

Alkalinity: 500 g of sludge was added to 500 ml of distilled water, and then shaken for 30 minutes by shaking with a shaker at a frequency of 4-5 cm at 200 times per minute, and the solution filtered through a 5B filter was analyzed according to a standard method. .

Example 1

After breeding paper sludge with hydrogen ion concentration 7.4, redox potential 73㎷, water content 70.9%, volatile solids 52%, and alkalinity 3875, the paper sludge from which earthworms were separated was dried and crucible was measured. 5% of the same volume zinc chloride solution was added to the mixture, and then immersed sufficiently for 1 hour, and then the lid of the crucible was closed and placed in an electric heating furnace at 500 ° C for 2 hours, after which the crucible was cooled at room temperature and again. Zinc chloride activation method was used to separate the particle size between KS standard No. 7 (2 mm) and No. 20 (0.85 mm). At this time, the density of the granular activated carbon produced was 0.54 g / cc and the porosity was 66.77%.

At this time, the zinc chloride activating method first decomposes the cellulosic material into low molecular weight and decomposes it into monosaccharides of glucose or aldopentos, and then oxidizes and intramolecular transitions to produce cyclic acid. Aldopentos and glycronic acid are condensed with each other or furfural to form furfural, and then, the aromatic reduction and intramolecular rearrangement have a three-dimensional turbulent structure.

Deodorization of Activated Carbon

The activated carbon produced in Example 1 was passed through KS standard No. 7 (2 mm) and No. The particle | grains which did not pass 20 (0.85 mm) were taken, and the thing which adjusted the water content in 45 to 55% of range was used. For comparative experiments, granular activated carbon (Daelim Carbon Industry Co., Ltd.) sold as a deodorant was passed through KS standard No.7 (2 mm) and No. After taking the particle size of 20 (0.85㎜) did not pass the water by spraying with a spray and wet and then used while adjusting the moisture content in the range of 45 to 55% while air-dried.

Deodorant and deodorant test equipment used in this experiment, the component analysis of the deodorizing ability is as follows.

Deodorant: An inorganic volatile component, hydrogen sulfide gas (99.9%) and ammonia gas (Ammonia gas, 99.9%) were used.

Deodorization tester: The deodorizing force test device, which consists of a 2L gas detention glass bottle, a 625ml deodorant filling column, and an air circulation pump, is equipped with an introduction part of the deodorant and an analytical sample collection part. For this purpose, the cock was installed in the connected induction pipe so that the flow of the deodorant component (gas state) does not pass through the deodorant filling column and the case of passing through the deodorant filling column in steps. The deodorizing power tester is 3,375ml of total capacity when it flows through the deodorant filling column, and the device except the connection part is made of glass to prevent adsorption loss of the deodorizing component during the deodorizing test. In addition, the deodorization test allowed the deodorizing component (gas phase) to move in the counterclockwise direction only by the air circulation pump in a closed apparatus.

Deodorization component analysis: Deodorization analysis samples taken from the control test and deodorization test of the deodorization test was immediately injected into the gas chromatograph, and hydrogen sulfide and ammonia were measured using a thermal conductivity detector (Shimadzu, TCD).

The removal rate of hydrogen sulfide and ammonia by each deodorant is shown in Table 1 below.

Claims (3)

A method for producing activated carbon using fecal soil and organic sludge of earthworms, characterized in that carbonaceous earthworms are carbonized after the organic sludge is stabilized. The physicochemical conditions of the organic sludge which can be treated by earthworm stabilization in claim 1 have a pH of 5.8 to 7.5, a redox potential of positive value, an alkalinity of 1000 ppm or less, and a concentration of Cl ^-1 ion of 5000 ppm or less. A method for producing activated carbon using fecal soil and organic sludge of earthworms. The method of claim 1, wherein the organic sludge is paper sludge or manure sludge.