KR0156927B1 - Ori-depression motor fuel composition - Google Patents

Abstract

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Description

ORI-inhibited motor fuel composition

FIG. 1 is a graph showing the results of a road simulator test of engine ORI: simulation miles for a motor fuel composition including a motor fuel composition and a commercial fuel additive of the present invention.

The present invention relates to adhesion- and ORI-inhibited motor fuel compositions that promote engine valve cleanliness and inhibit valve sticking. More specifically, the present invention relates to a base fuel and a reaction product of (I) (a) hydrocarbyl-substituted dibasic anhydride and (b) polyoxyalkylene diamine;

(II) a polymer component of a C ₂ -C ₁₀ hydrocarbon, which is a polyolefin polymer / copolymer or a corresponding aminated or hydrogenated polymer / copolymer, or a mixture thereof;

(III) polyalkylene glycols having an amount of from 500 to 2000; And (IV) a lubricating composition.

The concurrently assigned U.S. Patent Application (D # 79,103) promotes engine valve cleanliness and inhibits valve deposition, and provides a combination of base fuel and (I) (a) hydrocarbyl-substituted dibasic anhydride and (b) polyoxyalkylene diamine Reaction product; (II) a polymer component which is a polyolefin polymer / copolymer or a corresponding aminated or hydrogenated polymer / copolymer or mixture thereof of C ₂ -C ₁₀ hydrocarbons; (III) polyalkylene glycols having a molecular weight of 500 to 2000; And (IV) an ORI- and adhesion-inhibiting motor fuel composition consisting of a lubricating composition.

U.S. Patent No. 211,937, filed June 27, 1988, which is hereby incorporated by reference, discloses (I) the reaction product of hydrocarbyl-substituted dibasic anhydride and polyoxyalkylene diamine and (II) any polymer. An ORI- and adhesion-inhibiting motor fuel composition composed of components is disclosed.

Concurrently assigned U.S. Patent Application No. 84,354, filed Aug. 12, 1987, discloses (I) the reaction product of polyoxyalkylene diamine, dibasic anhydride and hydrocarbyl polyamine of U.S. Patent No. 4,747,851, concurrently assigned, and (II ) A motor fuel composition consisting of a mixture comprising polyisobutylene ethylene diamine and polyisobutylene in a hydrocarbon solvent.

Co-assigned US Pat. No. 4,747,851 discloses novel polyoxyalkylene diamine compounds of the general formula:

Wherein C is about 5 to 150, b + d is about 5 to 150 and a + e is about 2 to 12. Motor fuel compositions are also disclosed that consist of novel poly oxyalkylene diamines alone or in combination with polymer / copolymer additives.

Concurrently assigned patent application No. 000,230, filed Jan. 2, 1987, discloses a motor fuel composition consisting of the reaction product of polyoxyalkylene diamine, dibasic acid anhydride and hydrocarbyl polyimine of US Pat. No. 4,747,851. . Any additional polymer / copolymer additive having a molecular weight of 500 to 3500 can also be used with the half product additive.

Co-assigned US Pat. No. 4,659,337 uses engine reaction products of maleic anhydride, oxyethylene and oxypropylene ether component containing polyether polyamines, and hydrocarbyl polyamines in gasoline motor fuels to reduce engine ORI, It is disclosed to provide cleanliness.

Co-assigned US Pat. No. 4,659,336 discloses reaction products of maleic anhydride, oxyethylene and oxypropylene ether component-containing polyether polyamines, and hydrocarbyl polyamines as additives in motor fuel compositions, and (ii) polyolefin polymers. A mixture of copolymers is used to reduce engine ORI.

Concurrently assigned US Pat. No. 4,631,069 is a dibasic acid anhydride, general formula

Disclosed is an alcohol-containing motor fuel composition additionally comprising an antiwear additive that is a reaction product of polyoxyisopropylene diamine and n-alkyl-alkylene diamine, where x is from 2 to 68.

Concurrently assigned US Pat. No. 4,643,738 discloses dibasic acid anhydrides, general formula

A motor fuel composition comprising an attachment-adjusting additive that is the reaction product of polyoxyisopropylene diamine and n-alkyl-alkylene diamine, where x is 2 to 50, is described.

US Pat. No. 4,604,103 discloses motor fuel adhesion control additives for use in internal combustion engines that maintain cleanliness of the engine intake system without causing combustion chamber attachment or engine ORI. The additives disclosed are of the general formula:

Wherein R is a hydrocarbyl radical of 1 to about 30 carbon atoms, R 'is selected from methyl or ethyl, x is an integer from 5 to 30, and R and R' are hydrogen and-(CH ₂ CH ₂ Hydrocarbyl polyoxyalkylene polyamine ethane having a molecular weight of 300 to 2500 with NH-) _y -H, wherein y is independently selected from 0 to 5.

Co-assigned US Pat. No. 4,581,040 discloses the use of the reaction product as an adhesion inhibiting additive in a fuel composition. The reaction product is a condensation product of a process consisting of the following (i)-(i).

(i) general formula:

Reacting polyoxyisopropylene diamine with dibasic acid anhydride (where x is about 2 to 50) to form maleic acid,

(Ii) reacting the polyalkylene polyamine with the maleic acid to form a condensation product,

(Iii) Recover the condensation product.

US Pat. No. 4,357,148 discloses polymers, copolymers or corresponding hydrogenation of (a) at least one olefin polymer chain-containing oil-soluble aliphatic polyamine, and (b) C ₂ -C ₆ monoolefins having a molecular weight of 500 to 1500. As a mixture of polymers or copolymers, motor fuel additives useful for ORI control are disclosed.

US Pat. No. 4,166,726 discloses fuel additives which are (i) reaction products of alkyl phenols, aldehydes and amines, and (ii) polyalkylene amines.

US Patent Nos. 3,960,515 and 3,898,056 disclose the use of mixtures of high molecular weight and low molecular weight hydrocarbyl amines as detergents and dispersants in motor fuel compositions.

U. S. Patent No. 3,438, 757 discloses the use of polyamines and hydrocarbyl amines alone or mixtures of lubricating mineral oils as detergents for motor fuel compositions.

The motor fuel composition of the present invention comprises a mixture of hydrocarbons having a boiling point of about 32.2 to 232 ° C. (90 to 450 ° F.), and the following (I)-(IV).

(I) at 30 ° C to 200 ° C,

(a) Formula:

1.5 to 2.5 moles of hydrocarbyl-substituted dibasic anhydride, wherein R ₁ is a hydrocarbyl group having a molecular weight of 500 to 2000, and y has a value of 0 to 3.

(b) general formula:

Wherein R ₂ and R ₃ are C ₁ -C ₁₂ alkylene groups, q and r are integers of 0 or 1, C is 2 to 150, b + d is 2 to 150, and a + e is 0 From 0.0005 to 5.0% by weight of the reaction product obtained by reacting 0.5 to 1.5 moles of polyoxyalkylenediamine;

(II) 0.001 to 1.0 weight percent of a polyolefin polymer or copolymer, or a corresponding aminated or hydrogenated polymer or copolymer, having a molecular weight of 500 to 10,000 of a C ₂ -C ₁₀ hydrocarbon;

(III) 0.001 to 1.0% by weight of polyalkylene glycol having a molecular weight of 500 to 2000;

(IV) 0.001 to 1.0 wt% lubricating oil

The present invention also relates to a blending method of the motor fuel composition and a concentrated composition used in the preparation of the motor fuel composition.

The combustion of hydrocarbon motor fuels in internal combustion engines generally results in the formation and accumulation of deposits on various parts of the combustion chamber as well as the fuel intake and exhaust systems of the engine. The presence of deposits in the combustion chamber significantly reduces the running of the engine. Accumulation of deposits in the combustion chamber first inhibits heat transfer between the combustion chamber and the engine cooling system. This results in a higher temperature in the combustion chamber, increasing the end gas temperature of the charge. As a result end gas auto-ignition occurs, which causes engine knocking. In addition, the accumulation of deposits in the combustion chamber reduces the volume of the combustion zone, making the compression ratio higher in the engine than the design. This also causes serious engine knocking in a row. Knocked engines do not utilize combustion energy efficiently. In addition, prolonged engine knocking will cause stress fatigue and wear in the essential parts of the engine. This phenomenon is characteristic of an internal combustion engine powered by gasoline. This phenomenon is generally overcome by using higher octane gasoline to power the engine and is therefore known as an increased engine octane demand (ORI) phenomenon. Thus, it would be very advantageous if the engine ORI could be essentially reduced or eliminated by preventing or limiting deposit formation in the combustion chamber of the engine.

Another common problem with internal combustion engines relates to the accumulation of deposits in the carburetor that limits the flow of air through the carburetor at a slow and low speed resulting in the O'Burch fuel mixture. This situation also promotes incomplete fuel combustion and results in coarse engine idling and engine installation. Excess hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide exhaust emissions are also produced under these circumstances. Thus, it is desirable to provide a motor fuel composition that minimizes or overcomes the above problems in view of overall air quality and engine operability.

A common third problem for internal combustion engines is the formation of intake valve attachments. The intake valve attachment interferes with valve closure and consequently results in valve combustion. This attachment impedes valve movement and valve sealing, causes valve deposition, reduces the volumetric efficiency of the engine and limits maximum power. Valve attachments are generally the result of oxidation products of fuels or lubricants that are unstable in heat and oxidation. Hard carbonaceous deposits collect in the tubes and runners that perform their exhaust gas recirculation (EGR). These deposits are believed to form from exhaust particles that cool rapidly while mixing with the air-fuel mixture. Reduced EGR flow causes engine knocking and increased NO _x emissions. Accordingly, it would be desirable to provide a motor fuel composition that minimizes or overcomes the formation of intake valve attachments and the resulting valve deposition problems.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a motor fuel composition which, when used in an internal combustion engine, is internally resistant, exhibits ORI-inhibition, promotes engine valve cleanliness and suppresses valve deposition. It is a further object of the present invention to provide a method of blending the above components into a substrate motor fuel composition. It is a further object of the present invention to provide a concentrated composition composed of the above described components for use in the motor fuel composition.

A feature of the motor fuel compositions of the present invention is that combustion chamber deposit formation is minimized with a reduction in engine ORI. Another feature of the present invention is that this motor fuel composition is internally resistant and in particular exhibits reduced intake valve attachment formation while reducing valve deposition.

The motor fuel composition of the present invention is advantageous in that it exhibits reduced engine ORI, reduced valve attachment formation, and reduced valve deposition problems.

The ORI and adhesion-inhibiting motor fuel compositions of the present invention comprise a base fuel and: (I) a reaction product of (a) hydrocarbyl-substituted dibasic anhydride and (b) polyoxyalkylene diamine; (II) a polymer component which is a polyolefin polymer / copolymer or a corresponding aminated or hydrogenated polymer / copolymer, or a mixture thereof; (III) polyalkylene glycols having a molecular weight of 500 to 2000; And (IV) a lubricating oil composition.

The hydrocarbyl-substituted dibasic acid anhydride reactants used to prepare the reaction product components of the present invention can be represented by the following general formula.

Wherein R ₁ is a hydrocarbyl group, preferably a polypropenyl or polybutenyl group, most preferably a polyisobutenyl group, 500 to 10,000, preferably 500 to 2500, most preferably 600 to 1500, most preferably about Has a molecular weight of 1290 and Y is 0-3. When R ₁ is a preferred polyisobutenyl group, Y is preferably 0 and the preferred hydrocarbyl-substituted dibasic anhydride reactants are polyisobutenyl succinic anhydrides of the general formula:

Wherein X is 10 to 20, preferably 20 to 25. Polyisobutenyl succinic anhydride is most preferably used in the reaction of maleic anhydride and polybutene reactants commercially available, for example commercially available from Amoco Chemical Company under the INDOPOL family tradename, most preferably INDOPOL H-300. Is formed by. The method for blending the polyisobutyenyl succinic anhydride reactants is particularly described in 4,496,746 (Powell), 4,431,825 (Powell), 4,414,397 (Powell) and 4,325,876 (Chaetz), all of which are incorporated herein by reference. Is disclosed.

The polyoxyalkylene diamine reactants used to prepare the reaction product components of the present invention are diamines of the general formula:

Wherein R ₂ and R ₃ are C ₁ -C ₁₂ alkylene groups, preferably C ₂ -C ₆ alkylene groups, most preferably propylene or butylene groups, q and r are integers of 0 or 1, preferably Is q = 1 and r = 0, C is 2 to 150, preferably 2 to 50 and b + d is about 2 to 150, preferably 2 to 50; a + e is about 0-12, preferably 2-8. In a preferred embodiment, q = 1, r = 0 and R ₂ is a butylene group, thus the polyoxyalkylene diamine reactant has the general formula:

Wherein C is 2 to 150, preferably 2 to 50, b + d is 2 to 150, preferably 2 to 50 and a + e is 2 to 12, preferably 2 to 8.

In another preferred embodiment, q = 1, r = 0, R ₂ is a propylene group, a + e is 0 and thus the polyoxyalkylenediamine reactant has the general formula:

Wherein C and b + d are each from 2 to 150, preferably from 2 to 50, polyoxyalkylene diamines of the above suitable structure to be used include those commercially available from Texa Chemical Corporation under the JEFFAMINE ED-series trade name. Specific examples of such compounds are given below:

The reaction product component of the present invention is 0.5 to 1.5 moles, preferably about 1 mole of said polyoxy alkyl, at a temperature of 30 ° C. to 200 ° C., preferably 90 ° C. to 150 ° C., until all of the water is removed from the system. Prepared by reacting the lene diamine reactant with 1.5 to 2.5 moles, preferably 2 moles of hydrocarbyl-substituted dibasic anhydride. The reaction is preferably carried out in the presence of a solvent. Preference is given to solvents which are azeotropically distilled with water. Suitable solvents include hydrocarbons boiling in gasoline having a boiling point of about 30 ° C to about 200 ° C. Generally, this includes saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons having about 5 to about 10 carbon atoms. Particularly suitable hydrocarbon solvents include hexane, cyclohexane, benzene, toluene and mixtures thereof. Xylene is a preferred solvent. The solvent is present in an amount up to about 90% by weight of the total reaction mixture. Once the reaction is complete, the reaction product can be separated from the solvent using conventional means, or left in a mixture with some or all of the solvent.

The following examples illustrate the preferred method of making the novel reaction product components of the present invention. The following examples are merely illustrative and do not limit the invention in any way. In the examples, all parts are by weight unless otherwise specified.

Example 1

408 parts polyisobutenyl succinic anhydride (prepared by reacting maleic anhydride and INDOPOL H-300), 799 parts xylene, and 374.6 parts poly at about 90 to 150 ° C. until no more water can be removed from the system Oxyalkylene diamine was reacted. Polyoxyalkylene diamines have the following general formula:

Wherein C has a value of about 40.5, b + d has a value of about 40.5, and a + e has a value of about 2.5. The reaction product was then filtered, the residual solvent stripped under vacuum and confirmed by IR, NMR and elemental analysis.

Example 2

2776 parts polyisobutenyl succinic anhydride (prepared by reacting maleic anhydride and INDOPOL H-300), 4740 parts xylene, and 2000 parts poly, until no more water can be removed from the system Oxyalkylene diamine was reacted. Polyoxyalkylene diamine (JEFFAMINE ED-2001) can be represented by the following general formula:

Wherein c has a value of about 40.5 and b + d has a value of about 2.5.

Example 1 sets forth preferred reaction product components and preferred methods of preparation of the present invention. It is assumed that the active ingredient in the reaction product composition of Example 1 is bis-polyisobutenyl succinimide having the following general formula:

Wherein x has a value of 21, c has a value of about 40.5, and a + e has a value of about 2.5.

The polymer component in the motor fuel composition of the present invention is a polyolefin polymer, copolymer, or equivalent aminated or hydrogenated polymer or copolymer of C ₂ -C ₁₀ hydrocarbons, or mixtures thereof. The polymer / copolymer component is prepared from monoolefins and diolefins or their copolymers having an average molecular weight of about 500 to 10,000 preferably 500 to 3500, more preferably 650 to 2600. Mixtures of olefin polymers having an average molecular weight within the aforementioned ranges are also effective. Generally the olefin monomer from which the polyolefin polymer component is prepared is preferably unsaturated C ₂ -C ₆ hydrocarbons. Specific olefins that can be used to prepare the polyolefin polymer component include ethylene, propylene, isopropylene, butylene, isobutylene, amylene, hexylene, butadiene and isoprene. Propylene, isopropylene, butylene and isobutylene are particularly preferred for use in preparing the polyolefin polymer component. Other polyolefins that can be used are those prepared by decomposing high molecular weight polyolefin polymers or copolymers into polymers in the above molecular weight range. Derivatives of the polymers obtained by saturating the polymers by hydrogenation or amination of the polymers to produce mono polymers or polyamines are also effective and are part of the present invention. As used in this description and the appended claims, the polymers include polyolefin polymers and their corresponding hydrogenated or aminated derivatives. Polymeric components are generally used in mixtures with hydrocarbon solvents to facilitate their additives into the substrate motor fuel composition.

In one preferred embodiment of the invention, the polymer component is polypropylene having an average molecular weight of 750 to 1000, preferably about 800. In another preferred embodiment, the polymer component is polyisobutylene having an average molecular weight of 100 to 1500, preferably about 1300. In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the polymer component is a mixture of a large amount of polyisobutylene ethylene diamine and a small amount of polyisobutylene with an appropriate amount of hydrocarbon solvent. In this embodiment, the polyisobutylene ethylene diamine subcomponent in the polymer component is typically present in a concentration range of 50 to 75 parts by weight, preferably about 60 parts by weight, based on the weight of the total composition constituting the polymer component. The polyisobutylene ethylene diamine subcomponent has the following general formula:

Wherein z has a value of 10 to 40, preferably 30 to 35, for example 33.

The polyisobutylene subcomponent in the polymer component is typically present in a concentration range of 5 to 25 parts by weight, preferably 10 to 20 parts by weight, based on the weight of the total composition constituting the polymer component. The polyisobutylene subcomponent has the following general formula.

Wherein z has a value of 10 to 40, preferably 30 to 35, for example 33.

The hydrocarbon solvent used to promote mixing of the polymer components into the base motor fuel composition is preferably a light aromatic distillation composition. A commercially available light aromatic distillation composition containing the above polyisobutylene ethylene diamine and polyisobutylene compound in the concentrations specified above, and thus more preferred for use as the polymer component of the present invention, is obtained from Kevron Chemical Company. Commercially available plasticine additive ORONITE OGA-472. ORONITE OGA-472 is a composition containing about 60 parts by weight of polyisobutylene itylene diamine, about 13 parts by weight of polyisobutylene, and about 27 parts by weight of light aromatic distillate comprising xylene and C ₉ alkylbenzenes. Fuel compositions containing ORONITE OGA-472 as an additive include those described in US Pat. Nos. 4,141,693, 4,028,065 and 3,966,429.

The polyalkylene glycol component in the motor fuel composition of the present invention has a molecular weight of 500 to 2000, preferably 750 to 1000. The polyalkylene glycol component is preferably selected from the group consisting of polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, and polybutylene glycol, most preferably polypropylene glycol having a molecular weight of 750 to 1000.

The lubricating oil component in the motor fuel composition of the present invention may be natural, synthetic or heavy oil. Lubricants suitable for use in the motor fuel compositions of the present invention are described, for example, in columns 29-30 of US Pat. No. 4,670,173 (High Life City), and in one preferred embodiment, natural oils such as animal fibers, plants Fibers, light lubricating oils (such as liquid petroleum, paraffin, naphthenes and solvent-treated and acid-treated mineral oils in mixed paraffin-naphthenic forms), and lubricating oils derived from shale or coal.

In another preferred embodiment, the lubricant used is a synthetic lubricant. Synthetic oils suitable for use include hydrocarbon oils, polymerized and interpolymerized olefins, oligo-alkenes, alkylbenzenes, halo-substituted hydrocarbon oils such as polyphenyls, alkylated diphenyl ethers and sulfides, and substituted and unsubstituted polyalkylenes and alkylenes. Oxide polymers and copolymers (e.g., oils made through the polymerization of ethylene oxide or propylene oxide, alkyl and aryl ethers in these polyoxyalkylene polymers, or their mono- and polycarboxylic esters such as acetic acid or fatty acid esters) Included. Polyalkylene lubricating oil compositions having a molecular weight of 500 to 2000, preferably 800 to 1400, are preferred for use as lubricating oil components, with polypropylene having a molecular weight of 800 to 1400 and polyisobutylene having a molecular weight of 800 to 1000 being particularly preferred. .

Another class of oils particularly preferred for use as lubricating oil components is unrefined or refined heavy oil. Unrefined oils are those obtained directly from synthetic sources without natural or additional purification. Refined oils are similar to unrefined oils except that they are further treated with one or more purification steps to improve one or more properties. Many such purification techniques (eg solvent extraction, secondary distillation, acid or base extraction, filtration, percolation) are well known to those skilled in the art. A particularly preferred class of heavy oils for use is known to those skilled in the art as paraffin solvent natural oils (SNO). An example of a paraffin solvent natural oil for use as the lubricating oil component of the present invention is SNO-600, having a viscosity of 20 to 60, such as 25 cst at 40 ° C.

The motor fuel composition of the present invention comprises a reaction of a large amount of base motor fuel with (I) 0.0005 to 5.0% by weight, preferably 0.001 to 1.0% by weight of hydrocarbyl-substituted dibasic anhydride and polyoxyalkylene diamine. product; (II) 0.001 to 1.0% by weight, preferably 0.01 to 0.5% by weight of the polymer component; (III) 0.001 to 1.0% by weight, preferably 0.001 to 0.5% by weight of the polyalkylene glycol component; And (IV) 0.001 to 1.0% by weight, preferably 0.001 to 0.5% by weight of the lubricating oil component.

The invention also relates to a process for blending the reaction product, polyolefin polymer / copolymer, polyalkylene glycol and lubricating oil components into the substrate motor fuel composition. The blending process comprises (I) 0.0005 to 5.0, preferably 0.001 to 1.0% by weight of said reaction product component into the base fuel; (II) 0.001 to 1.0, preferably 0.001 to 0.5% by weight of said polymer component; (III) 0.001 to 1.0, preferably 0.001 to 0.5% by weight of said polyalkylene glycol component; And (IV) 0 to 1.0, preferably 0.001 to 0.5% by weight of the lubricating oil component. Each component may be introduced directly into a hydrocarbon based fuel or first mixed with a hydrocarbon solvent such as xylene, toloene, hexane, cyclohexane, benzene, C ₂ -C ₁₀ alkylbenzenes, and mixtures thereof.

Preferred substrate motor fuel compositions are those for use in spark ignition internal combustion engines. Such motor fuel compositions, generally referred to as gasoline based feedstocks, preferably consist of a mixture of hydrocarbons having a gasoline boiling range, preferably from about 32.2 ° C. (90 ° F.) to about 232.2 ° C. (450 ° F.). Such base fuels may consist of straight or branched chain paraffins, cycloparaffins, olefins, aromatic hydrocarbons, or mixtures thereof. The base fuel may in particular be derived from straight-chain naphna, polymeric gasoline, natural gasoline, or catalytically or thermally decomposed hydrocarbons and catalytically modified feedstocks. The composition of the base fuel and the octane level are not critical and any conventional motor fuel substrate can be used in the practice of the present invention. Examples of motor fuel compositions of the present invention are described in Example 3 below.

Example 3

30 PTB of reaction product described in Example 1 (i.e., 13.6 kg (30 lb) of reaction product per 1000 barrels of gasoline, corresponding to about 0.01% by weight of the reaction product component based on the weight of the fuel composition), polyiso in hydrocarbon solvent A mixture of butylene ethylene diamine and polyisobutylene (OGA-472) 100 PTB (about 0.03 weight percent), polypropylene glycol 50 PTB (about 0.017 weight percent) and heavy oil (SNO-600) 50 PTB (about 0.0017 weight percent ) Is a hydrocarbon having a gasoline boiling range (about 32.2 ° C. (90 ° F.) to about 232.2 ° C. (450 ° F.), consisting of about 22% aromatic hydrocarbons, 11% olefin hydrocarbons, and 67% paraffin hydrocarbons. It is blended with a large amount of base motor fuel (referred to herein as base fuel A), which is essentially a lead-free special gasoline (lead which is up to 0.05 g tetraethyl per gallon) consisting of a mixture of.

The motor fuel composition of the present invention is advantageous in that it exhibits a reduced engine ORI. By comparing the performance of the motor fuel composition of the present invention and the motor fuel composition comprising a commercial fuel additive in a low simulator, the advantages of the present invention in controlling engine ORI are shown. In the lower simulator test, an automotive engine (1986 Big Eight on road) simulating the ORI represented by the motor fuel composition of the present invention as well as the motor fuel composition comprising 60PTB (about 0.02 wt.%) Of commercial fuel additive in the smokeless substrate fuel. Cylinder engine).

The results of the low simulator test are shown in FIG. As illustrated in FIG. 1, at the end of the 20,000 mile simulation, the motor fuel of the present invention (illustrated in Example 3) has an average ORI of about 4.8, while the motor fuel comprising commercial additives is about It has an average ORI of 8.80. The standard deviations of the curves shown in FIG. 1 for the commercial fuel and the fuel of the present invention were 1.65 and 0.50, respectively.

Besides. The motor fuel compositions of the present invention, other ORI-reducing motors as disclosed in co-assigned US patent application 211,937 in that they exhibit reduced intake valve cleanliness and reduced engineORI as well as engine valve deposition. It is advantageous over fuel compositions. Although the motor fuel composition disclosed in co-transferred US patent application 211,937 exhibits a reduced engine ORI, it has been found to exhibit intake valve deposition problems and the accompanying cold starting problems.

However, the use of the polyalkylene glycol and lubricating oil components of the above-described concentrations of the present invention prevents intake valve welding while reducing ORI and valve cleanliness of the motor fuel composition of the present invention. It was found to show a synergistic effect.

Intake valve deposition of another motor fuel composition of the present invention was measured via a Honda generator test. Honda generator testing uses a Honda ES 6500 generator with the following specifications.

Each generator has an auto-throttle plate regulator to maintain the rated speed when a load is applied. Plug the water heater to apply the load to each generator. Various loads are simulated by varying the size of the water heater connected to the generator.

The procedure for the Honda generator test can be described as follows. Start the test with a new or clean engine (clean valve, manifold, cylinder head, combustion chamber) and new lubricant fill. The generator is operated for 80 hours on the fuel to be tested according to a test cycle of 2 hours at 1500 Watt load and 2 hours at 2500 Watt load. The engine was then disassembled and the cylinder head to be removed with valve springs and seals stored in the freezer overnight at 5 ° F. The trained radar quantified the opening force by manually pushing the intake valve. The amount of force is related to valve welding problems in the vehicle, ie valves that cannot be pushed open manually are generally related to cold starting problems in the vehicle. Finally, the intake system components (valve, manifold, cylinder head) and combustion chamber were visually graded according to standard Coordinating Research Council (CRC) procedures. The performance of the test fuel was measured in part by the cleanliness of the intake system components. Test results for various fuel compositions are shown in Table 1 below.

Fuel additive combinations 3 and 4 of Table 1 represent the motor fuel compositions of the invention, while fuel additive composition 1 comprises a lubricating oil component but does not contain the essential polyalkylene glycol component of the invention, and combination 2 is a poly It includes an alkylene glycol component but does not include the essential lubricant component of the present invention. 3 and 4 are particularly preferred embodiments of the present invention. 1, 3 and 4 show light to moderate valve welding, while some show heavy valve welding. At 3 and 4, lower concentrations (70 PTB and 35 PTB, respectively, in 3 and 4) of polyalkylene glycols and lubricating oil components resulted in light to moderate valve welding, while in 1 and 2 to achieve almost the same level of valve welding. 3 and 4 show synergy between polyalkylene glycol and lubricating oil in that higher concentrations of polyalkylene glycol and lubricating oil components (1 to 210 PTB lubricant and 2 to 90 PTB polyalkylene) are required. The ORI tendency and intake valve cleanliness for some motor fuel compositions were also measured on several 2.0 liter 1983 Sebrot (throttle body injector) (TBI) engines as described in Table 2 below.

Increased average octane demand for overall engine progress

** Average CRC Valve Rating System: 10 = Clean Valve

The fuel additive combinations first and third in Table 2 represent the motor fuel compositions of the present invention. The third illustrates that a motor fuel consisting of all four subcomponents of the motor fuel of the present invention has an optimal overall performance (ie, lowest average ORI and highest average valve rating) among the tested fuels. Third is a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention.

It has also been found that the motor fuel composition of the present invention is superficial in supporting the accumulation of deposits in the vaporizer, the intake manifold and the intake valve-of the internal combustion engine. Vaporizer intake valves and intake manifold cleanliness of commercially available motor fuels and motor fuel compositions of the present invention were measured via a Merrit grade test. This test can be described as follows. After operating the Sebroret 2.01 engine with the given motor fuel composition, a portion of the engine was dismantled and various engine parts were visually inspected to determine the degree of deposit formation. This was measured via a visual grading system of scales of 1-10 (where 10 is a clean component and 1 is an attached component).

The test results obtained from the merit rating test are shown in Table 3. As illustrated by Table 3, the motor fuel composition (Example 3) of the present invention is superior to commercially available fuels in terms of engine ORI and carburetor and valve attachment control (based on merit grade and valve attachment weight). It was.

Merit Class 10 = Clean (without attachments)

For the convenience of shipping and handling, it is useful to prepare concentrates of the reaction products, polymers, polyalkylene glycols, and lubricating oil components of the motor fuels of the present invention. Concentrates may be prepared in suitable liquid solvents such as toluene and xylene, preferably xylene.

In a preferred mode of making the concentrate of the invention, approximately 0.1 to 10.0, preferably 5.0 to 10.0% of the reaction product of Example 1, approximately 25.0 to 75.0, preferably 50.0 to 60.0% by weight of the aromatic distillate-poly An isobutylene ethylene diamine-polyisobutylene mixture, approximately 5.0 to 20.0% by weight of the lubricating oil component, is used in admixture with 25.0 to 50.0, preferably 30.0 to 40.0% by weight of aromatic hydrocarbons, preferably xylenes. All weight percentages are based on the total weight of the concentrate. The concentrate compositions of the present invention are advantageous over ORI-controlled concentrate compositions such as those dashed in the assigned US patent application no. 84,354 (Sung et al.) In that they are resistant to precipitation and thus can be stored and transported more easily.

In an embodiment of the invention, the blending of the motor fuel is carried out by injecting the concentrated composition of the invention into a base fuel.

The motor fuel and concentrate composition of the present invention include any additives commonly used in motor fuel compositions. Therefore, the compositions of the present invention may additionally contain conventional vaporizer cleaning agents, anti-knock compounds such as tetraethyl lead compounds, anti-freeze additives, upper cylinder lubricants, and the like. In particular such additional additives may include compounds such as, for example, polyolefin polymers, copolymers of C-C unsaturated hydrocarbons, or corresponding hydrogenated polymers or copolymers, or mixtures thereof. Additional additives may include substituted or unsubstituted monoamine or polyamine compounds such as alkyl amines, etheramines, and alkyl-alkylene amines or mixtures thereof.

It is obvious that the expression used herein is used by way of example and not limitation. It is not intended to exclude equivalents of this form of use of these expressions, and it is recognized that various modifications are possible within the scope of the claimed invention.

Claims (9)

(A) general formula at 30 ° C to 200 ° C:

1.5 to 2.5 moles of hydrocarbyl-substituted basic acid anhydride, wherein R ₁ is a hydrocarbyl group having a molecular weight of 500 to 2000, and Y is 0 to 3; And (b) a general formula:

Wherein R ₂ and R ₃ are C ₁ -C ₁₂ alkylene, q and r are 0 or 1, c is 2 to 150 and b + d is 2 to 150 and a + e is 0 to 12 ORI-inhibiting additive for the motor fuel composition obtained by reacting 0.5-1.5 mol of polyoxyalkylenediamine of The additive according to claim 1, wherein R ₁ is a polypropenyl or polybutenyl group having a molecular weight of 500 to 2500. The hydrocarbyl-substituted dibasic acid anhydride reactant of claim 2 wherein

An additive, wherein X is 10 to 30, wherein polyisobutenyl succinic anhydride is used. The polyoxyalkylene diamine reactant of claim 1, wherein the polyoxyalkylene diamine reactant is of the general formula:

Wherein c is from 2 to 50, b + d is from 2 to 50, and a + e is from 2 to 8. The polyoxyalkylene diamine of claim 1, wherein the polyoxyalkylene diamine is of the general formula:

Wherein C is from 2 to 50 and b + d is from 2 to 50. A mixture of hydrocarbons having a boiling point of 32 to 232 ° C., and additionally, (I) 0.0005 to 5.0% by weight of the ORI-inhibiting additive according to any one of claims 1 to 5, (II) C ₂ -C Polyolefin polymers, copolymers, or corresponding aminated or hydrogenated polymers or copolymers of ₁₀ hydrocarbons, having a molecular weight of 500 to 10.000, or a mixture thereof 0.001 to 1.0% by weight, (III) a molecular weight of 500 to 2000 A motor fuel composition comprising 0.001 to 1.0% by weight of alkylene glycol and 0.001 to 1.0% by weight of (IV) lubricating oil. 7. The motor fuel composition of claim 6, wherein the polyolefin polymer or copolymer component is derived from one or more ethylene, propylene, butylene, isobutylene, amylene, hexylene isoprene and butadiene. The method of claim 7, wherein the polyolefin polymer component is a hydrocarbon solvent, and: (a) general formula:

50 to 75 parts by weight of polyisobutylene ethylene diamine of (b) and

Motor fuel composition, characterized in that the mixture consisting of 5 to 25 parts by weight of polyisobutylene. Aromatic hydrocarbons, and additionally from (I) 0.1 to 10.0% by weight of the reaction product ORI-inhibiting additive according to any one of claims 1 to 5, (II) C ₂ -C ₁₀ hydrocarbons, from 500 to 10,000 A concentrated composition for a motor fuel comprising a polyolefin polymer, a copolymer, or a corresponding aminated or hydrogenated polymer or copolymer having a molecular weight, or 25.0 to 75.0 wt% of a mixture thereof and 5.0 to 20.0 wt% of (IV) lubricating oil.

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