KR0148523B1 - A process for treating reclaimed land outplow water by reverse osmotic method - Google Patents

A process for treating reclaimed land outplow water by reverse osmotic method

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Publication number
KR0148523B1
KR0148523B1 KR1019950023662A KR19950023662A KR0148523B1 KR 0148523 B1 KR0148523 B1 KR 0148523B1 KR 1019950023662 A KR1019950023662 A KR 1019950023662A KR 19950023662 A KR19950023662 A KR 19950023662A KR 0148523 B1 KR0148523 B1 KR 0148523B1
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water
reverse osmosis
treated
treatment
storage tank
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KR1019950023662A
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Korean (ko)
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KR970010662A (en
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김태열
신우철
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김상응
주식회사삼양사
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
    • C02F1/441—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by reverse osmosis
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/283—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
    • C02F1/444—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by ultrafiltration or microfiltration
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/06—Contaminated groundwater or leachate

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

본 발명은 역삼투법에 의한 쓰레기 매립지 침출수의 처리방법에 관한 것으로, 특히 쓰레기 매립지에서 발생하고 있는 침출수를 역삼투막 공정에 한외여과막을 적용하여 역삼투막의 부하를 감소시켜 폐수를 처리하는 방법이다.The present invention relates to a method for treating waste landfill leachate by reverse osmosis, and in particular, is a method of treating wastewater by reducing the load of the reverse osmosis membrane by applying an ultrafiltration membrane to the reverse osmosis membrane process.

본 발명은 쓰레기 매립지 침출수의 역삼투법 처리에 있어서, 유입수(1)가 유입원수 저장조(2)에 공급되고, 저장조(2)의 유입원수가 펌프(3)에 의해 미세 여과필터(4)를 통해 통과하는 제1단계, 상기 여과필터(4)에 의해 처리된 1차 처리수가 펌프(5)에 의해 한외여과막(6)을 통과하는 제2단계, 상기 한외여과막(6)에 의해 처리된 2차 처리수가 저장조(7)에 인가되고, 상기 저장조(7)에 인가된 처리수가 다시 펌프(8)에 의해 역삼투막(9)을 통과하는 제3단계, 상기 역삼투막(9)에 의해 처리된 3차 처리수가 활성탄 필터(10)에 인가되고, 상기 인가된 3차 처리수가 활성탄필터(10)에 의해 최종 처리되어 최종처리수 저장조(11)에 인가되는 제4단계로 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 쓰레기 매립지 침출수의 처리 방법이다.According to the present invention, in the reverse osmosis treatment of landfill leachate, the inflow water 1 is supplied to the inflow water storage tank 2, and the inflow water of the storage tank 2 is passed through the fine filtration filter 4 by the pump 3. The first step, the second step of passing through the ultrafiltration membrane 6 by the pump 5, the primary treatment water treated by the filtration filter 4, the secondary treatment treated by the ultrafiltration membrane 6 Water is applied to the reservoir (7), and the third step in which the treated water applied to the reservoir (7) passes again through the reverse osmosis membrane (9) by the pump (8), the third treatment water treated by the reverse osmosis membrane (9) Treatment of landfill leachate, characterized in that the fourth step is applied to the activated carbon filter 10, the applied third treatment water is finally processed by the activated carbon filter 10 and applied to the final treatment water storage tank (11). Way.

Description

역삼투법에 의한 매립지 침출수의 처리방법Treatment Method of Landfill Leachate by Reverse Osmosis

제1도는 본 발명에 의한 쓰레기 침출수의 처리 방법의 단계를 나타내는 개략적인 설명도면이다.1 is a schematic explanatory drawing showing the steps of the waste leachate treatment method according to the present invention.

* 도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

1 : 침출수 2 : 침출수 저장조1: Leachate 2: Leachate Storage Tank

3,5,8 : 펌프 4 : 미세여과필터3,5,8 Pump 4: Microfiltration filter

6 : 한외여과막 7 : 2차처리수저장조6: ultrafiltration membrane 7: secondary treatment water storage tank

9 : 역삼투막 10 : 활성탄필터9: reverse osmosis membrane 10: activated carbon filter

11 : 최종처리수저장조11: final treatment water storage tank

본 발명은 역삼투법에 의한 쓰레기 매립지 침출수의 처리방법에 관한 것으로, 특히 쓰레기 매립지에서 발생하고 있는 침출수를 역삼투막 공정에 한외여과막을 적용하여 역삼투막의 부하를 감소시켜 폐수를 처리하는 방법이다.The present invention relates to a method for treating waste landfill leachate by reverse osmosis, and in particular, is a method of treating wastewater by reducing the load of the reverse osmosis membrane by applying an ultrafiltration membrane to the reverse osmosis membrane process.

최근 산업의 고도성장에 따른 국민생활의 향상과 도시로의 인구 집중등으로 쓰레기 처리 문제가 증대되고 있는 국내 실정에 따라 늘어나고 있는 쓰레기 매립에 의한 침출수 발생으로 지하수를 오염시키는 문제가 심각하게 대두되고 있다.Recently, the problem of polluting the groundwater is seriously caused by the leachate generation caused by the landfill, which is increasing due to the increase of the domestic life and the concentration of the population in the city due to the rapid growth of the industry. .

통상 쓰레기는 매립지에서 쓰레기를 매립한 후, 약 30cm의 두께로 복토작업을 실시하게 되는데, 이 경우 강우에 의한 침투를 어느정도는 막을 수 있으나, 완전한 침수 방지는 곤란한 실정이다. 또한, 침투되지 못한 강우는 복토의 표면유출에 의해 흘러나게 된다. 따라서, 쓰레기 매립지에서 침출수의 발생원은 쓰레기에 침투한 빗물, 쓰레기층에 침투하지 못한 빗물의 표면유추, 쓰레기 층에 침투한 지하수, 쓰레기에 포함된 수분, 쓰레기 분해에 의해 생성되게 된다.Normally, garbage is landfilled in a landfill, and the cover work is carried out to a thickness of about 30 cm. In this case, it is difficult to prevent the infiltration due to rainfall to some extent, but it is difficult to prevent complete inundation. In addition, rainfall that has not penetrated flows out due to surface leakage of the cover. Therefore, the source of leachate in the landfill is generated by rainwater penetrating the waste, surface inference of rainwater that has not penetrated the waste layer, groundwater penetrating the waste layer, moisture contained in the waste, and waste decomposition.

또한, 침출수량에 영향을 미치는 인자로는 강수량, 지형에 따른 표면 유출 수량과 침투수량, 지하수위와 지하수 유량, 증발수량, 쓰레기의 분해율, 수분지체 시간등이 있다.In addition, factors affecting the amount of leachate include precipitation, surface runoff and permeate volume, groundwater level and groundwater flow rate, evaporative water amount, waste decomposition rate, and water delay time.

쓰레기 매립지에서 침출수의 수질은 시간이 경과함에 따라 일반적으로 생물학적 산소요구량(BOD)이나 화학적 산소요구량(COD)가 모두 감소하는 경향을 보이나 그 변화가 매우 심하다. 그리고, 화학적 산소요구량(COD)은 쓰레기 매립후 시간이 어느 정도 지나서도 꾸준히 유지되나, 생물학적 요구량(BOD)은 매립후 짧은 시간의 경과후에도 농도가 상당히 감소된다.The quality of leachate in landfills generally tends to decrease both biological oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) over time, but the change is very severe. In addition, the chemical oxygen demand (COD) is maintained steadily after some time after landfill, while the biological demand (BOD) is significantly reduced in concentration even after a short time after landfill.

침출수의 수질에 영향을 미치는 인자는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 매립된 쓰레기의 조성에 따라 매립지 내의 미생물의 활동이 다를수 있다. 즉, 분해가 용이한 성분인 탄수화물, 단백질, 그리고 지방등은 짧은 기간(약 1년) 내에 분해되어 그 대사산물이 침출수 조성에 첨가된다. 둘째, 쓰레기 매립지 전 처리의 유무에 따라 침출수의 성질이 달라진다. 즉, 파쇄 폐기물은 비파쇄 폐기물보다 더 큰 최대 화학적 산소요구량(COD) 값을 가진다. 이는 파쇄된 폐기물이 미생물과 접촉할 수 있는 기회가 크기 때문이다. 셋째, 쓰레기 매립 경과기간에 따라 침출수의 성질이 달라진다. 즉, 매립 경과기간이 증가함에 따라 화학적 산소요구량(COD)/총유기탄소량의 비는 감소하는 경향을 보인다. 이는 총 유기탄소 중에서 유기탄소가 시간이 경과함에 따라 미생물에 의해 분해가 일어나서 화학적 산소요구량(COD)을 감소시키기 때문이다. 이와 같은 침출수의 화학적 산소요구량(COD)/총 유기탄소량의 감소는 미생물 성장에 필요한 에너지원의 감소를 뜻하며, 이는 매립 경과년수가 클수록 생물학적 처리가 어려워짐을 뜻한다. 또한, 매립 경과년수가 커짐에 따라 생물학적 산소요구량(BOD)/화학적 산소요구량(COD)의 비도 감소하게 되는데 이는 침출수의 유기탄소 중에는 쉽게 미생물에 의해 분해되는 휘발성 산이 상당량 존재하기 때문이다. 넷째, 강우량이 침출수의 성질에 영향을 줄 뿐만 아니라, 농도에도 영향을 준다. 다섯째 매립 방법이 크게 호기성과 혐기성 매립으로 구분되는데 이중 호기성 방법이 쓰레기를 더 빠르게 분해한다.Factors affecting leachate water quality are as follows. First, the activity of microorganisms in landfills can vary depending on the composition of the landfills. That is, carbohydrates, proteins, and fats, which are easily decomposed, are decomposed within a short period of time (about 1 year), and the metabolites are added to the leachate composition. Secondly, the characteristics of leachate vary depending on the presence of landfill pretreatment. That is, crushed waste has a greater maximum chemical oxygen demand (COD) value than non-crushed waste. This is because the shredded waste has a high chance of coming into contact with microorganisms. Third, the characteristics of leachate vary according to the elapsed time of landfill. That is, the ratio of chemical oxygen demand (COD) / total organic carbon amount tends to decrease as the landfill elapses. This is because the organic carbon among the total organic carbon is degraded by microorganisms over time, thereby reducing the chemical oxygen demand (COD). This reduction in the chemical oxygen demand (COD) / total organic carbon of the leachate means a reduction in the energy source required for the growth of microorganisms, which means that the longer the landfill years, the more difficult the biological treatment. In addition, as the number of years of reclamation increases, the ratio of biological oxygen demand (BOD) / chemical oxygen demand (COD) also decreases, because a large amount of volatile acids are easily decomposed by microorganisms in the organic carbon of the leachate. Fourth, rainfall not only affects the leachate's properties, but also its concentration. Fifth, the landfill method is largely divided into aerobic and anaerobic landfills, and the double aerobic method decomposes waste faster.

상기와 같은 쓰레기 매립지의 침출수와 같은 여러가지 특수한 조건하의 폐수를 화학적 산소요구량(COD) 20ppm이하 또는 물고기가 살 수 있을 정도의 수질로 처리할 수 있는 고도의 처리 시설로는 가열감압 증발법, 저온감압 증발법 및 역삼투법이 있다.As a high-level treatment facility that can treat wastewater under various special conditions such as leachate of landfills such as above 20 ppm of chemical oxygen demand (COD) or water quality enough for fish to live, heat reduction evaporation method, low temperature reduction Evaporation and reverse osmosis.

상기의 방법중 가열감압 증발법의 방법은 가열감압증발기, 열교환기 및 활성탄으로 구성되며, 처리효율 면에서는 대체로 우수하고, 유지관리 측면에서는 고장 발생시 부품의 조달 등이 용이하고, 경제성이 우수한 반면에 부식, 스케일 발생등 고장 발생이 많으며, 유지 보수 작업이 어려운 문제점이 있다.Among the above methods, the reduced pressure evaporation method is composed of a reduced pressure evaporator, a heat exchanger, and activated carbon, and is generally superior in terms of processing efficiency, and in terms of maintenance, it is easy to procure parts in the event of a failure, and has excellent economical efficiency. There are many problems such as corrosion, scale generation, and maintenance work is difficult.

또한 상기의 방법중 저온감압 증발법의 방법은 저온감압증발기, 열교환기, 마이크로필터, 역삼투막 및 활성탄으로 구성되며, 처리효율 면에서는 가장 우수하다고 할 수 있으나, 경제성 및 유지관리면에서 곤란한 점이 있다.In addition, the method of the low-temperature vacuum evaporation method of the above method is composed of a low-temperature reduced-pressure evaporator, a heat exchanger, a micro filter, a reverse osmosis membrane and activated carbon, and may be said to be the best in terms of processing efficiency, but it is difficult in terms of economic efficiency and maintenance.

또한, 상기의 방법중 역삼투법의 공정은 활성탄, 마이크로필터, 역삼투막 및 활성탄으로 구성되며, 이 방법의 특성으로는 처리효율 면에서 유기용제류를 제외하고는 안정적인 처리가 가능하고, 유지관리의 용이성 측면에서는 다른 처리방법보다 우수하지만, 절대적인 처리효율이 대체로 낮은 문제점이 있다.In addition, the reverse osmosis process of the above method is composed of activated carbon, micro filter, reverse osmosis membrane and activated carbon, the characteristics of this method is capable of stable treatment except organic solvents in terms of treatment efficiency, and easy maintenance Although superior to other treatment methods, there is a problem that the absolute processing efficiency is generally low.

따라서, 본 발명은 화학적 산소요구량(COD), 중금속 및 염류 등의 처리 효율이 우수하고, 유지관리가 간단한 쓰레기 매립지 침출수의 처리방법을 제공하는데 그 목적이 있다.Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for treating waste landfill leachate having excellent treatment efficiency, such as chemical oxygen demand (COD), heavy metals and salts, and simple maintenance.

이하, 본 발명을 상세히 설명하면 다음과 같다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

본 발명은 쓰레기 매립지 침출수의 역삼투법 처리에 있어서, 유입수(1)가 유입원수 저장조(2)에 공급되고, 저장조(2)의 유입원수가 펌프(3)에 의해 미세 여과필터(4)를 통해 통과하는 제1단계, 상기 여과필터(4)에 의해 처리된 1차 처리수가 펌프(5)에 의해 한외여과막(6)을 통과하는 제2단계, 상기 한외여과막(6)에 의해 처리된 2차 처리수가 저장조(7)에 인가되고, 상기 저장조(7)에 인가된 처리수가 다시 펌프(8)에 의해 역삼투막(9)을 통과하는 제3단계, 상기 역삼투막(9)에 의해 처리된 3차 처리수가 활성탄필터(10)에 인가되고, 상기 인가된 3차 처리수가 활성탄필터(10)에 의해 최종 처리되어 최종처리수 저장조(11)에 인가되는 제4단계로 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 쓰레기 매립지 침출수의 처리 방법이다.According to the present invention, in the reverse osmosis treatment of landfill leachate, the inflow water 1 is supplied to the inflow water storage tank 2, and the inflow water of the storage tank 2 is passed through the fine filtration filter 4 by the pump 3. The first step, the second step of passing through the ultrafiltration membrane 6 by the pump 5, the primary treatment water treated by the filtration filter 4, the secondary treatment treated by the ultrafiltration membrane 6 Water is applied to the reservoir (7), and the third step in which the treated water applied to the reservoir (7) passes again through the reverse osmosis membrane (9) by the pump (8), the third treatment water treated by the reverse osmosis membrane (9) Treatment of landfill leachate, characterized in that the fourth step is applied to the activated carbon filter 10, the applied tertiary treated water is finally processed by the activated carbon filter 10 and applied to the final treated water storage tank (11). Way.

이하, 본 발명을 첨부도면을 참조로 더욱 상세히 설명하면 다음과 같다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

제1도는 본 발명에 의한 쓰레기 침출수의 처리 방법의 단계를 나타내 개략적인 설명도면이다.1 is a schematic explanatory view showing the steps of the waste leachate treatment method according to the present invention.

제1도에서, 쓰레기 매립지의 침출수인 유입수(1)가 유입원수 저장조에 공급된다. 상기 저장조(2)에 공급된 원수는 펌프에 의해 정밀 여과필터(4)에 인가되고 여과필터(4)를 통과하면서 폐수가 1차 처리된다. 이때 상기의 미세 여과필터(3)의 후단에 침전밀도(SDI) 측정 키트를 설치하여 침전밀도를 측정하게 된다. 상기의 미세 여과필터(4)는 이후 공정의 역삼투막(9)을 보호하기 위한 장치로 폐수중 미세한 부유물 성분을 제거하기 위하여 제1처리 과정의 위치에 위치시켰다.In FIG. 1, inflow water 1, which is a leachate of a landfill, is supplied to an inflow water storage tank. The raw water supplied to the reservoir 2 is applied to the microfiltration filter 4 by a pump, and the wastewater is first treated while passing through the filtration filter 4. At this time, the sedimentation density (SDI) measurement kit is installed at the rear end of the fine filtration filter 3 to measure the sedimentation density. The fine filtration filter 4 is a device for protecting the reverse osmosis membrane 9 of the subsequent process and is positioned at the position of the first treatment process to remove the fine suspended matter component in the wastewater.

이렇게 처리된 1차 처리수는 펌프(5)에 의해 한외여과막(6)에 인가된다. 한외여과막(6)에 인가된 1차 처리수는 한외여과막(6)을 통과하면서 2차처리된다. 이경우 처리가 완전하지 못한 폐수는 다시 유입원수 저장조(2)로 이송되어 재순환시킨다.The primary treated water thus treated is applied to the ultrafiltration membrane 6 by the pump 5. The primary treated water applied to the ultrafiltration membrane 6 is subjected to secondary treatment while passing through the ultrafiltration membrane 6. In this case, the wastewater which is not completed is transferred to the inflow water storage tank 2 and recycled.

한외처리막(6)에 의해 처리된 2차 처리수는 2차처리수 저장조에 인가되고, 저장조내의 2차 처리수는 펌프(8)의 작동에 의해 역삼투막(9)에 인가된다. 이 역삼투막(9)은 상기의 한외여과막에 의해 처리된 2차 처리수의 화학적 산소요구량(COD)을 약 20ppm 이하로 처리하기 위한 공정으로 역삼투막에 의해 완전하게 처리되지 못하는 처리수는 다시 2차 처리수 저장조(7)로 이송하여 재순환시킨다.The secondary treated water treated by the ultrafiltration membrane 6 is applied to the secondary treated water reservoir, and the secondary treated water in the reservoir is applied to the reverse osmosis membrane 9 by the operation of the pump 8. The reverse osmosis membrane 9 is a process for treating the chemical oxygen demand (COD) of the secondary treated water treated by the ultrafiltration membrane to about 20 ppm or less, and the treated water that is not completely treated by the reverse osmosis membrane is subjected to secondary treatment. Transfer to recycle water reservoir (7).

이어서, 역삼투막(9)에 의해 처리된 3차 처리수는 활성탄 필터(10)에 인가된다. 활성탄 필터(10)에 인가된 3차 처리수는 활성탄 필터(10)를 통과하면서 정화처리되어 최종 처리수 저장조(11)로 인가되게 된다.Subsequently, the tertiary treated water treated by the reverse osmosis membrane 9 is applied to the activated carbon filter 10. The tertiary treated water applied to the activated carbon filter 10 is purified while passing through the activated carbon filter 10 to be applied to the final treated water storage tank 11.

상기의 과정에 의해 쓰레기 매립지에서 발생하는 침출수를 처리하게 된다.The above process is to treat the leachate generated in the landfill.

이하, 본 발명에 의한 처리방법을 시험예에 의해 측정하였다.Hereinafter, the processing method by this invention was measured by the test example.

[시험예][Test Example]

본 발명에 의한 처리 방법에 의해 하기 표1에 나타낸 조성을 갖는 매립지 침출수를 처리한 결과를 특정하여 하기 표2에 나타냈다.The result of having treated the landfill leachate having the composition shown in Table 1 by the treatment method according to the present invention was specified in Table 2 below.

Claims (1)

쓰레기 매립지 침출수의 역삼투법 처리에 있어서, 유입수(1)가 유입원수 저장조(2)에 공급되고, 저장조(2)의 유입원수가 펌프(3)에 의해 미세 여과필터(4)를 통해 통과하는 제1단계, 상기 여과필터(4)에 의해 처리된 1차 처리수가 펌프(5)에 의해 한외여과막(6)을 통과하는 제2단계, 상기 한외여과막(6)에 의해 처리된 2차 처리수가 저장조(7)에 인가되고, 상기 저장조(7)에 인가된 처리수가 다시 펌프(8)에 의해 역삼투막(9)을 통과하는 제3단계, 상기 역삼투막(9)에 의해 처리된 3차 처리수가 활성탄필터(10)에 인가되고, 상기 인가된 3차 처리수가 활성탄필터(10)에 의해 최종 처리되어 최종처리수 저장조(11)에 인가되는 제4단계로 이루어지는 것을 특징으로 하는 쓰레기 매립지 침출수의 처리 방법.In the reverse osmosis treatment of the landfill leachate, the inflow water 1 is supplied to the inflow water storage tank 2 and the inflow water of the storage tank 2 is passed through the fine filtration filter 4 by the pump 3. Step 2 is a second step in which the primary treated water treated by the filtration filter 4 passes through the ultrafiltration membrane 6 by the pump 5, and the secondary treated water treated by the ultrafiltration membrane 6 is stored in a storage tank ( 7) the third step of passing through the reverse osmosis membrane (9) by the pump (8), the treated water applied to the reservoir (7), the third treatment water treated by the reverse osmosis membrane (9) activated carbon filter ( 10), wherein the applied tertiary treated water is finally processed by the activated carbon filter (10) and is applied to the final treated water storage tank (11).
KR1019950023662A 1995-08-01 1995-08-01 A process for treating reclaimed land outplow water by reverse osmotic method KR0148523B1 (en)

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