KR0133664B1 - Selective valve to pass fluids - Google Patents

Abstract

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Description

Fluid Selection Through Valve

1 is a schematic view showing the operating principle of the mechanical device located inside the selective through valve of the present invention.

2 is a cross-sectional view showing a fluid selection permeation valve according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a front view showing a shell used in the selective permeation valve of FIG.

4 is a cross-sectional view showing a fluid selection permeation valve according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a sectional view showing a fluid selection permeation valve according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

6 is an enlarged view showing an example of the position of one of the preferred embodiments of the selective permeation valve in the column.

Explanation of symbols on the main parts of the drawings

16, 18: wall 32, 72: body

34 housing 36, 56 passage in the upper center

38: shell 40: rough surface

42: smooth surface 44: hole

46: part to which high pressure fluid is applied

48: sealing surface 50, 64: passage in the lower center

58: control wing 60: control surface or clearance

66: sheet 68, 78: non-returning ball

74: sealing sheet

The present invention relates to a fluid selective permeation valve which is used for separating fluids with low viscosity and surface tension, such as gas, for example, in a fluid pump, usually under compression of a liquid.

The fluid selective permeation valve, shown below, is now used to loosen the gas blockage in the rod-shaped suction line of the pump when a large amount of gas fills the inside of the pump. When the gas is compressed to a great extent, the pressure of the fluid above the column is greater than the pressure of the gas compressed by the pump, so that the passage valve does not open at the downstroke of the piston.

A major challenge to overcome the existing subsurface oilfield pump is technically known as gas lock. This phenomenon occurs when the pressure entering the tube is stopped at the top dead center of the piston by an orifice outlet valve or a passage valve, or at the bottom dead center of the piston by an orifice inlet valve or a standing valve. The downward stroke of the passage valve generates pressure in the fluid between the passage valve and the standing valve and opens the passage valve to allow the fluid to pass through the passage valve or the orifice outlet valve. However, when operating in wells that simultaneously produce oil and gas, the chamber located between the pass-through valve and the standing valve is often filled with gas, and because of its compressibility, the downstroke of the pass-through valve is above the valve. It is impossible to generate sufficient pressure in the chamber under the valve to offset the pressure of the fluid column. As a result, the passage valve is still closed over the downstroke. Thus, the gas between the standing valve and the passage valve only undergoes compression and expansion on all strokes of the piston, which leads to an inevitable pump malfunction of gas clogging.

Brazilian Patent Application No. PI 8501271 dated March 19, 1985, has a device that provides an answer to the above difficulties. The device includes an elongated housing having an upper end and a lower end, a first valve installed at the lower end of the housing, a pass valve having an upper end and a lower end and a closed surface at both ends, and positioned to slide in the longitudinal direction of the housing. A piston for compressing fluid by being placed between a drive unit for driving a passage valve installed at an upper end, a passage valve rotating unit provided between the first valve and the drive unit for driving the passage valve, and a drive unit for driving the first valve and the passage valve; And means for rotating the pass valve around the directional axis, the rotation means being connected to the drive for driving the pass valve and the pass valve itself, wherein the longitudinal movement of the drive for driving the pass valve rotates the pass valve. . The passage valve and the driving portion for driving the passage valve are mechanically operated, while the first valve is operated by the pressure change of the fluid generated inside the housing.

In the apparatus, gas clogging, hydraulic chock and sealing defects caused by vibration of the pump piston can be avoided, but the apparatus is subject to abrasion because it does not guarantee that dust cannot enter the pass valve assembly. You will not be able to. If so, serious problems arise due to wear, blockage and breakage. Because the particles accumulate in the joints, because the operation is mechanical, significant forces are exerted on the most fragile spirals in the system and blockages occur.

In the prior art, positive displacement actuating pumps are also used. While the pump is running, the standing valve is closed and the piston moves from the furthest to the closest position to the standing valve. In this case, the piston tends to stay in the same position because of the frictional effect between the piston and the pump body and also the effect of the repulsive pressure generated between the passage valve and the standing valve as the pump moves toward the standing valve. At the same time, the entire weight of the pump rod is applied directly to the plug, which forces the valve seat to slide off. This forcing protects the opening from any gas blockage or vapor blockage.

When the valve is opened, the distance between the seat and the plug is limited by the seams that connect the plugs. This distance is precomputed by the method of flowing the fluid toward the front of the hole with a small resistance.

As soon as the piston reaches the closest position of the standing valve, the piston is directed in the opposite direction, towards the original suction stroke. Friction and refriction of the pump body tend to return the piston until the plug is closed against the seat. This phenomenon occurs when the relative velocity of the fluid on either side of the valve is zero, thus reducing the effect of any erosion on the sealing surface.

When the pass valve is closed, the pressure between the pass valve and the standing valve decreases as the piston moves away from the standing valve until it is lower than the pressure in the vessel. This causes the standing valve to open to draw fluid from the vessel in the pump body. When the piston finally reaches the position farthest from the standing valve, the piston moves in the opposite direction and the pump cycle repeats.

However, the disadvantage of the device is that dust particles are suspended because the relative motion of any fluid containing sand particles in the float causes friction by silica particles in the sand, which erodes the seals of the ball or piston valves (especially in the case of through valves). Is not working ideally.

Another disadvantage is that it is difficult to use existing pistons due to the end price problem that has to be considered due to the use of the wrong type of piston.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a selective permeation valve for fluids that only allows gas without any change in pump operation. Such selective permeation valves only work when the pressure in the pump is low to lower the malleability and surface tension of the fluid, ie, typically only for typical gases.

The fluid (gas or liquid) in the pump and the column is separated by holes or gaps which are dynamically controlled by the pressure inside the pump. The gap size allows only fluids with low surface tension and viscosity, such as gas, to pass through.

As a result, the present invention is a fluid selective permeation valve, which is used in subsurface oil field pumps, which opens the valve only when the pressure in the pump is low, allowing only fluids with low surface tension and viscosity to pass through, and in the pump and column, Means are provided which consist of holes or gaps which are dynamically controlled by pressure within.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a fluid selective permeation valve is provided, which has a pair of parallel arrangements defining an opposing contact surface forming a gap between a pump and a column to separate gas and liquid. A means having a member, at least one of the opposing contact surfaces having a predetermined surface roughness, the means being pump fluid pressure against the at least one member such that the members are pressurized to contact each other such that the gap constitutes a fluid control clearance. And members comprising surfaces having a predetermined roughness to form at least a portion of the fluid flow control gap, are dynamically controlled by subsurface dielectric fluid pressure in the pump so that the selector valve operates when the fluid pressure in the pump is low. This results in low surface tension and low viscosity fluid passing through the fluid flow control gap, and the pump descends within the column. The fluid pressure exerted by the subsurface oilfield pump liquid filling the pump volume during this time is sized to prevent the subsurface oilfield fluid from passing through the fluid control gap, and a selective permeation valve is provided on the body and the top of the body to provide surface tension and viscosity. A housing having a passage in the center of the body for passing a low fluid, and a shell having opposing contact surfaces within the body, wherein at least one of the contact surfaces has a controlled surface roughness, each of which has a smooth surface, When the smooth surface of the shells is in contact with the corresponding seat surface of the housing, the seat surface of the housing forms a sealing surface with the smooth surface of each of the shells, and the body communicates with the fluid compressed by the pump, while the body tensions with the surface tension in the housing. A central passage is provided to coincide with the contact surface between the passage and the shells for the passage of low viscosity fluids. It is characterized by.

In a fluid selective permeation valve according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the shell is a hollow half-shell, an orifice in a hollow semicircular shell in communication with a passage in the center of the body and fluid compressed by a pump Is provided so that the internally acting pressure in the hollow semicircular shell selectively passes the low surface tension and viscous fluid through the fluid flow control gap, but is sufficient to press the contact surface of the semicircular shell against each other such that it does not pass the liquid. A fluid selection permeation valve is provided that provides a force.

According to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fluid selective permeation valve is characterized in that the contact surfaces of the semi-circular shells are formed by smooth semi-circular shell walls, and the opposing walls between the mutually adjacent semi-circular shells are used to control the fluid pressure of the subsurface dielectric pump fluid in the column. It has a roughness, a thickness, and a shape so as to pass only gas when receiving.

In a fluid selective permeation valve according to another preferred embodiment of the present invention, the selective permeation valve includes means for separating inside the pump and the column, the means being dynamically controlled by subsurface dielectric fluid pressure inside the pump. By having a predetermined surface roughness to form a fluid flow control gap, the selector valve operates when the fluid pressure in the pump is low so that a low surface tension and low viscosity fluid passes through the fluid flow control gap, and the selector valve The body consists of a body provided with a passage in the upper center for the passage of a low surface tension and low viscosity fluid, the passage extending therein with a control vane communicating with the passage, wherein the wing has at least one opposing surface with a predetermined surface roughness. And an opposing surface and a flow control clearance therebetween defining a flow passage therebetween. The bottom dielectric fluid acts on the outer surface of the flow control blade, and the body is in contact with the seat in a passage in contact with the subsurface dielectric fluid compressed in its lower center, the seat and the passage arranged in parallel with the passage. It is characterized in that the non-return ball is opened to the subsurface dielectric fluid compressed by the non-return ball through the sheet to block the fluid passage.

Other features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description and drawings.

An object of the present invention, as described above, is to prevent a gas clogging phenomenon, which usually occurs during the pumping process of a fluid whenever there is a significant amount of gas inside the pump. When the compression force of the gas increases, the passage valve does not open downward because the fluid pressure at the top of the column is greater than the pressure of the compressed gas inside the pump.

One solution to this is to use a selective permeation valve that only passes gas without any change in pump operation. The valve in question should only be operated when the pressure, viscosity and surface tension inside the pump are low. This property is generally consistent with gas. The principle in which these valves operate is openings that are dynamically controlled by the pressure inside the pump to allow only fluids (gas or liquid) in the pump and the column to pass through only those fluids (such as gases) that have very low surface tension and viscosity. To be separated by a gap. FIG. 1 provides a better understanding of this operation, where arrows 10 and 12 indicate the pressure inside the pump, arrow 14 indicates the space or hole of the fluid (gas), and this space or hole represents the wall (16). 18), the roughness and / or shape of this wall and the internal space is a function of the viscosity and surface tension of the gas.

The fluid flow selector valve in the first embodiment of the present invention, shown by reference numeral 30 in FIG. 2, allows the body 32, the housing 34, and the fluid having low surface tension and viscosity to pass therethrough. It consists of a passage 36 in the upper center and a shell 38 made of a flexible material and inside the passage. The shell has a surface 40 with a controlled roughness, a smooth surface 42 and a hole 44 to allow fluid to flow toward the shell, the portion 46 at which the high pressure fluid operates, and the shell 38. There is a sealing surface 48 in contact with the housing 34.

The passage 50 in the lower center of the shell is in contact with the fluid compressed by the pump.

As can be inferred from FIGS. 2 and 3, the metal shell 38 controls the flow of fluid by the pressure of the fluid entering the aperture 44. The sealing surfaces 48 on the seats are smooth to ensure good sealing, and the contact walls between the shells are rough, thick and shaped like twisters or freezes to pass gas only. .

The fluid flow selector valve in the second embodiment of the present invention, which is indicated by reference numeral 52 in FIG. 4, has a body 54 and an upper center passage through which the fluid having low surface tension and viscosity is passed. 56, a control surface or clearance 60 is provided extending from the body 54 of the valve and communicating with the passage 56, a control wing 50 on which the high pressure fluid acts on the outer surface, and a pump at the inner center. It consists of a passage 64 through which the fluid compressed by the passage, a seat 66 located along the side of the passage 64, and a non-return ball 68 embedded in the passage.

As can be inferred from FIG. 4, the control vane 58 compresses the two vanes 58 by the fluid in the valve 52 and passes the fluid having low surface tension and viscosity through the control surface or clearance 60. It has an inner surface made in a controlled manner to pass through.

Further, the fluid flow selector valve in the third embodiment of the present invention, which is indicated by reference numeral 70 in FIG. 5, includes a body 72, a sealing seat 74, and a fluid having low surface tension and viscosity. Compressed by a passage 76 at the top center, a non-returning ball 78 inside, a coarse control surface 80, and a pump acting on the entire area of the ball under the sealing seat 74 for passage. Composed of a fluid, a sealing surface 82 at the lower center, and a passage 84 in contact with the fluid compressed by the pump.

As can be inferred from FIG. 5, the ball 78 and each control surface 80 have a controlled roughness and shape. The shape of the ball may have other geometric shapes (seats, cones, etc.) instead of the ball shape, but the change of some parts is considered to be similar to the present invention without any change in the surface control content of the above-mentioned selective permeation valve.

6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing an example of a preferred embodiment in which the present invention is located in a column. Located within the column 86 is a fluid selective permeation valve 30, 52, 70 of the preferred embodiment according to the present invention. In the example of FIG. 6, the selective permeation valve 30 has a pump rod 88 thereon. The passage 90, the conveying passage 92, the rising valve 94, the suction portion 96, and the pump inner portion 98 that flow into the pump interior are located below.

As can be inferred from FIG. 6, whenever there is little liquid or gas in the lower direction of the pump, the pressure exerted on the control wall becomes too high to prevent fluid (even gas) from passing through. Whenever there is a significant amount of compressible fluid (eg gas) present in the pump. The pressure exerted on the control wall is not sufficient to prevent any fluid (in the case of gas) of very low viscosity and surface tension from passing through the top of the pump. This shape closes the wall completely because liquid with a very low compressive force quickly and strongly presses the wall in contact with the liquid.

According to the present invention, by providing a selective permeation valve that permits gas only without any change in pump operation, the pressure in the pump is lowered to operate only on fluids with low viscosity and surface tension, so that the fluid in the pump and the column (gas or liquid) ) Is separated by holes or gaps which are dynamically controlled by pressure inside the pump, providing the effect of allowing only fluids with low surface tension and viscosity to pass through.

Claims (4)

In a fluid selective permeation valve for use as a subsurface oilfield pump in a column without gas clogging, the selective permeation valve defines a pair of opposing contact surfaces that form a gap between the pump and the column to separate gas and liquid. Means comprising one or more parallel array members, wherein at least one of said opposing contact surfaces has a predetermined surface roughness, said means being such that said member is pressed to contact each other such that said clearance constitutes a fluid control clearance; The members including the surface having a predetermined roughness to apply a pump fluid pressure to the above member and to form at least a portion of the fluid flow control gap are dynamically controlled by subsurface dielectric fluid pressure in the pump, The selective permeation valve is operated when the fluid pressure in the pump is low so that fluid with low surface tension and viscosity Passing through the fluid flow control gap, and the fluid pressure applied by the subsurface oil pump liquid filling the pump volume while the pump is descending in the column is sized to prevent the subsurface dielectric liquid from passing through the fluid control gap, The selective permeation valve also includes a body, a housing provided at the top of the body and having a passage in the center of the body for passing fluid having low surface tension and viscosity, and a shell having an opposing contact surface within the body. One or more of the contact surfaces has a controlled surface roughness, each of the shells having a smooth surface, the smooth surface of the shells abuts a corresponding seat surface of the housing, and the seat surface of the housing is a smooth surface of each of the shells. And a sealing surface, the body is in communication with the fluid compressed by the pump , Selectively permeating fluid valve, characterized in that the central passage within the housing so as to pass through the lower the fluid surface tension and viscosity in line with a contact surface between the passage and the syeldeul provided. 2. The shell of claim 1, wherein the shell is a hollow half-shell, and an orifice is provided in the hollow semicircular shell through the passage in the center of the body and through the fluid compressed by the pump. The internally actuated pressure selectively passes the low surface tension and low viscosity fluid through the fluid flow control gap but provides sufficient force to press the contact surface of the semi-circular shell against each other so as not to pass the liquid. Fluid selection through valve. 3. The contact surfaces of the semicircular shells according to claim 2, wherein the contact surfaces of the semicircular shells are formed by smooth semicircular shell walls, and opposing walls between mutually semicircular shells allow only gas to pass when subjected to fluid pressure of the subsurface dielectric pump fluid in the column. A fluid selection permeation valve having a roughness, a thickness, and a shape. In a fluid selective permeation valve for use as a subsurface oilfield pump in a column, the selective permeation valve is included as a means for separating the pump from the inside of the column, the means being kinetic by the subsurface dielectric fluid pressure in the pump. By having a predetermined surface roughness to form a fluid flow control gap controlled by the valve, the selector valve operates when the fluid pressure in the pump is low so that a low surface tension and low viscosity fluid passes through the fluid flow control gap, The selective permeation valve is composed of a body provided with a passage in the upper center to pass a low surface tension and low viscosity fluid, the passage is provided therein with a control wing extending from the body to communicate with the passage, At least one opposing surface has the desired surface roughness, thereby creating a flow path therebetween. A confining opposing surface and the flow control clearance, the subsurface dielectric fluid acting on the outer surface of the flow control blade, the body being in contact with the subsurface dielectric fluid compressed at its lower center; A non-return ball which is opened in the subsurface dielectric fluid compressed by the pump in contact with the seat and is arranged in parallel with the passage and blocks the passage of fluid to the bar return ball through the seat. Fluid selection transmission valve, characterized in that configured.

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