KR0129466B1 - Refrigerator device using hydrofluorocarbon refrigerator - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a refrigerator and an air conditioner in which a refrigerant compressor using HFC134a is used as a refrigerant for a refrigeration air conditioner, wherein the oil is applied to a part of the compressor 1 or as a refrigerant oil (oil applied to an electric motor wire 13). , Impregnated oil of sintered parts) or hard alkylbenzene oil which is insoluble in refrigerants as an oil used in assembling the compressor, thereby obtaining a device having excellent electrical insulation, and having good assembly workability and easy handling of parts. It is possible to manufacture refrigerators and air conditioners with easy compressors.

Description

Refrigerator and air conditioner with refrigerant compressor using hydrofluorocarbons

1 is a block diagram of a refrigeration air conditioning apparatus using a refrigerant compressor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a graph showing the relationship between the viscosity of hard alkyl benzene oil and the evaporator attainment temperature.

3 is a refrigerant circuit diagram of a refrigerator according to another embodiment of the present invention.

4 is a partial detailed view of a refrigerant circuit of a refrigerator according to another embodiment of the present invention.

5 is a block diagram of a refrigeration air conditioning apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.

6 is a relation diagram of oil return time and oil flow viscosity at an ambient temperature of use of a refrigerating and air conditioning apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.

7 is a relation diagram of oil flow viscosity at a freezing chamber temperature and an evaporation temperature of a refrigerating and air conditioning apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.

8 is a circuit diagram of a refrigeration system according to another embodiment 1 of the present invention.

9 is a flowchart illustrating a control operation of a refrigeration system according to another embodiment of the present invention.

10 is a control operation time chart of a refrigeration system according to Embodiment 11 of the present invention.

11 is a block diagram of a refrigeration apparatus using a conventional refrigerant compressor.

* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings

1: compressor 4: evaporator

5: accumulator 6: lubricant

6a: hard alkyl benzene oil 6b: low viscosity hard alkyl benzene oil

7: suction piping 8: oil return hole

11: airtight container 12: electric motor

13: insulation coating wire 16: cylinder

17: bearing 18: refrigerant

19: Oil Sump 30: On-Off Valve

[Industrial use]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a refrigerator and an air conditioner incorporating a refrigeration air conditioner, a refrigerant compressor, and the like, each of which includes a hydrofluorocarbon as a refrigerant.

[Prior art]

An example of a conventional refrigeration apparatus is shown in FIG. Conventionally, for example, when the refrigeration unit is constructed using a hydrofluorocarbon HFC134a refrigerant, as shown in Tribologist Vol. 35, No. 9 (1990), pages 621-626, the mutual solubility of refrigerant and refrigerant oil As one of these important characteristics, PAG (polyether) and ester refrigerator oil were used. 11 shows a refrigeration apparatus using HFC134a refrigerant, 1 is a compressor for compressing refrigerant gas, 2 is a condenser for condensing the high pressure refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor 1, 3 is a capillary-tube, 4 is an evaporator 5 is an accumulator having a refrigerant amount adjustment function, 6 is a refrigeration oil stored in the compressor 1 and performs lubrication of the sliding part of the compressor 1 and sealing of the compression chamber, PAG (Polyoxyalkylenglycol) 6a or Ester refrigerator oil 6b. Next, the behavior of the oil will be described. The refrigerant compressed by the compressor 1 is discharged to the condenser 2. Here, for example, in a compressor using a high pressure vessel, the lubricating oil 6a or 6b used for sealing the compression chamber is separated from most oils 6a or 6b in the compressor, but the oil having a weight ratio of 0.5 to 1.0% with the refrigerant ( 6a or 6b is discharged from the compressor 1 together with the refrigerant. Since the discharged oil 6a or 6b is mutually soluble in the refrigerant, it is returned to the compressor 1 through the condenser 2, the capillary tube 3, the evaporator 4, and the accumulator 5 having good fluidity. Therefore, the lubricating oil 6 does not disappear from the compressor 1, and normal lubrication is possible.

[Problems to Solve Invention]

Conventionally, the refrigeration apparatus of HFC134a is configured as described above, but the polyether 6a has a volume resistivity of 10 ⁷ -10 ¹⁰ Ωcm, a saturated water content of about 25,000 ppm, and the characteristics of the ester-based refrigerator oil are 10 ¹² -10, respectively. ¹⁴ Ω㎝, has been improved to about 1,500ppM but when compared with the characteristic 10 ¹⁵ Ω㎝, about 500ppM of refrigerator oil for CFC 12, and the current shows a substantially backward in electrical insulation properties and hygroscopicity, when it comes to the long-term insulation of the compressor Reliability is a problem, and hygroscopicity is troublesome to handle unless the amount of saturated water is kept small in handling of the compressor assembly parts and handling of the finished compressor. In addition, there is a lot of problems in the handling of the production, such as shortening the open cycle of the refrigeration cycle when assembling the refrigerator, and if a large amount of moisture enters during the refrigeration cycle, the sludge is accelerated or the water is frozen to freeze the capillary tube. There was a problem such as closing to generate a cooling failure.

In addition, the conventional refrigeration unit of HFC134a is difficult to prevent the rust of the compressor components when the hygroscopicity is high, the sludge generated by the closure of the inside of the capillary tube of the refrigeration air conditioning unit or the freezing of the expansion valve and the hydrolysis of the ester oil by the moisture, motor insulation Generation of sludge due to hydrolysis promotion of the polyethylene terephthalate used as a zero occurs. In order to prevent this, it is necessary to carefully decompose oil and remove moisture in the refrigerant circuit in the manufacturing process, compared to a system using CFC12 refrigerant, and also to increase the water trapping capacity of the dryer installed in the refrigerant circuit. There is a problem that a dryer is required. In addition, in the conventional refrigeration system, the liquid refrigerant returns from the inlet to the compressor vessel when the compressor is stopped, and when restarted, the lubricant in the compressor is drawn together with the liquid refrigerant from the compressor into the refrigeration system, and the extracted lubricant is mutually soluble. Because of this low HFC134a refrigerant, it is difficult to return to the compressor until it reaches a certain flow rate (= flow rate) or more, thereby causing problems such as compressor trouble caused by the lubrication of the lubricant.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems and improves the handleability of the impregnated oil of the coating oil and the sintered parts and the compressor assembly oil to the electric motor wire for the compressor, and at the same time constitutes a refrigeration apparatus excellent in electrical insulation. It is possible to obtain low temperature fluidity in the evaporator and the accumulator, and to obtain a refrigerant compressor and a refrigeration air conditioner to reduce the heat exchange rate by thinning the thickness of the oil film attached to the inner wall of the evaporator. An object of the present invention is to obtain a refrigerator, a refrigeration air conditioner, and the like, which have excellent and reliable refrigeration oil and do not stay in the compressor.

Means to Solve Invention

The refrigeration air conditioner used herein is a refrigerant composed mainly of hydrofluorocarbon used by circulating in a refrigerant circuit formed by connecting a compressor, a condenser, an evaporator, and an accumulator with a pipe, and a hydrofluorocarbon, which is a refrigerant, It is an oil having a specific gravity that is lighter than a refrigerant without solubility, and is inserted from the lower side to the upper side inside the accumulator connected to the outlet side of the evaporator and the lubricant stored in the compressor used for lubrication of the rotary support of the compressor. The lubricating oil and the refrigerant formed between the suction pipe connected to the compressor suction side, the pipe opening provided at the upper position protruding inside the accumulator of the suction pipe, and the bottom of the accumulator are stored in a two-layer separated state. To the refrigerant liquid sump at the bottom of the accumulator It consists of a refrigerant and lubricating oil circulating in the refrigerant circuit from top to bottom of the accumulator.

In addition, the refrigeration air conditioner uses a refrigerant mainly composed of hydrofluorocarbons and sends lubricant from the accumulator to the bottom of the accumulator without mutual solubility, and uses alkylbenzene or poly alpha orolefin as the lubricant.

In addition, the refrigeration air conditioner uses an oil containing a hydrofluorocarbon as a main component, and the oil having a viscosity of 2000 cts or less at the evaporation temperature of the apparatus that sends the refrigerant and the lubricant insoluble in the refrigerant from the top to the bottom of the accumulator. use.

In addition, the refrigeration air conditioner is a lubricant having a viscosity of 200 cst or less at the ambient temperature of use of a device in which a refrigerant having a hydrofluorocarbon as a main component is used to send the refrigerant and the lubricant incompatible with the refrigerant from the top to the bottom of the accumulator. Use oil.

In addition, the refrigeration and air conditioning apparatus uses a high pressure vessel type compressor as a compressor which uses a refrigerant containing hydrofluorocarbon as a main component to send lubricating oils that are insoluble in the refrigerant and the fryer refrigerant from the top to the bottom of the accumulator.

In addition, the refrigeration air conditioner uses a hydrofluorocarbon-based refrigerant to send the refrigerant and the lubricant insoluble in the refrigerant from the top to the bottom of the accumulator, and between the evaporator and the compressor from the compressor side to the evaporator side. Provide a mechanism to prevent backflow.

In addition, the refrigeration air conditioner uses a hydrofluorocarbon-based refrigerant to send a refrigerant and a non-soluble solvent to the refrigerant from the top to the bottom of the accumulator, and return holes above the suction pipe protruding inside the accumulator. And at least one side of the liquid refrigerant and the oil is always stored in a certain amount.

Further, the refrigeration air conditioner is a refrigeration air conditioner, wherein the accumulator is connected to the compressor via a suction pipe.

The refrigerant compressor used in the present application uses a refrigerant mainly composed of hydrofluorocarbon as the refrigerant, and is a lubricating oil for lubricating the movable body of the compressor. In the liquid portion of the refrigerant circuit, the liquid refrigerant and the oil are operated at an operating temperature. It is divided into two layers and uses lubricating oil whose specific gravity is smaller than that of liquid refrigerant.

In addition, the refrigerant compressor accommodates a drive means in a container, and used the refrigerant which has hydrofluorocarbon as a main component, and the lubricating oil which becomes a two-layer separated state as an operation temperature of the said refrigerant.

In addition, the refrigerant compressor is a rotary compressor, and a refrigerant composed mainly of hydrofluorocarbon and a lubricating oil in a two-layer separated state are used as an operating temperature of the refrigerant.

In addition, the refrigerant | coolant compressor used the refrigerant which has hydrofluorocarbon as a main component as a refrigerant | coolant, and used alkylbenzene or poly alpha olefins as lubricating oil.

In addition, the refrigerant compressor uses a refrigerant mainly composed of hydrofluorocarbon, and uses a lubricating oil having a two-layer separated state as an operating temperature of the refrigerant, and having an oil viscosity of 2000 cst or less at the evaporation temperature.

In addition, the refrigerant compressor uses a refrigerant mainly composed of hydrofluorocarbon, and is used as a lubricating oil having a two-layer separated state as an operating temperature of the refrigerant, and having an oil viscosity of 200 cst or less at an ambient temperature of the apparatus. do.

In addition, the refrigerant compressor uses a refrigerant containing hydrofluorocarbon as a main component, and is separated into two layers as an operating temperature of the refrigerant, and the container uses a high pressure container type.

The refrigerant compressor also has means for preventing backflow from the compressor to the evaporator, the means being located between the compressor and the evaporator. The refrigerator of the present invention includes the refrigerant compressor described above. The air conditioner of the present invention includes the refrigerant compressor described above. In addition, the refrigeration and air-conditioning apparatus uses a refrigerant mainly composed of hydrofluorocarbons, and uses process oils which are not compatible with the refrigerant as the oil applied to the parts of the compressor or as assembly oil of the compressor, and the lubricant is mutually soluble with the refrigerant. Without this, the specific gravity lower than that of the refrigerant is stored in the compressor housing.

The refrigeration air conditioner also applies lubricant to the windings of the motor that drives the compressor, which does not dissolve with the refrigerant.

In addition, the refrigeration air conditioner uses alkyl benzene or poly alpha olefins as process oil. In addition, the refrigeration air conditioner uses oil whose lubricating oil viscosity becomes 2000 cst or less at the evaporation temperature of the apparatus. In addition, the refrigeration air conditioner uses oil whose lubricating oil viscosity becomes 2000 cst or less at the use ambient temperature of the apparatus.

In addition, the refrigeration air conditioner is a high pressure vessel type of compressor used for the air conditioner. Further, the refrigeration air conditioner includes a mechanism for preventing backflow from the compressor side to the evaporator side between the evaporator and the compressor of the air conditioner. In the case of assembling the refrigerant compressor, there is provided a process of applying process oil having no mutual solubility to the bearing of the compressor, and storing oil having no mutual solubility with the refrigerant as lubricating oil in the container.

In addition, in the method of assembling the refrigerant compressor, a step of applying an oil having no mutual solubility with the refrigerant is provided.

The present application includes the step of assembling the assembly method in the refrigerator. The present application includes the step of assembling the assembly method in the air conditioner.

[Action]

The refrigeration and air conditioning apparatus according to the present invention uses a refrigerant mainly composed of hydrofluorocarbon, and uses a refrigerant that does not mutually dissolve in the refrigerant from the top to the bottom of the accumulator, improves volume resistivity, and has low hygroscopicity. It is easy to manage moisture, and it is easy to return to the compressor to store the excess refrigerant according to the load situation to the device.

The refrigeration air conditioning apparatus according to the present invention uses oil having a lighter specific gravity than the refrigerant without mutual dissolution with hydrofluorocarbon, improves volume resistivity, and has low hygroscopicity so that moisture management is performed using a conventional CFC12 refrigerant. Can be equivalent to

Refrigeration and air conditioning apparatus according to the present invention, to ensure the low-temperature fluidity in the evaporator and in the accumulator, it is possible to prevent the lowering of the heat exchange rate by reducing the thickness of the oil attached to the inner wall surface of the evaporator.

The refrigeration air conditioning apparatus according to the present application can prevent the pipe from being closed by the oil. The refrigeration and air conditioning apparatus according to the present application can reduce the amount of refrigerant corresponding to 10-20% by weight of the encapsulated flow rate as compared with the case of using mutually soluble lubricating oil. The refrigeration air conditioner according to the present application prevents the gas leaked from the high pressure side when the compressor is stopped to reach the accumulator or the evaporator through the suction pipe, to raise the temperature of the evaporator, and to reduce the power consumption of the device. .

Refrigeration and air conditioning apparatus according to the present invention, the return of oil to the compressor is good, and can store the excess refrigerant in accordance with the load situation of the device. The refrigeration and air conditioning apparatus according to the present invention has a wide range of installation sites of the accumulator because it is connected to the compressor via a suction pipe.

The refrigerant compressor according to the present invention has a good volume resistivity compared to the mutually soluble lubricating oil because it uses a liquid refrigerant mainly composed of hydrofluorocarbon in the liquid portion of the refrigerant circuit and a lubricating oil which is separated into two layers at an operating temperature. As a result, moisture absorption is low and moisture management is equivalent to that of a refrigeration air conditioner using a conventional CFC12 refrigerant.

The refrigerant compressor according to the present invention has a good volume resistivity because of using a liquid refrigerant mainly composed of hydrofluorocarbon and a lubricating oil separated into two layers at an operating temperature. Equivalent to the refrigeration air conditioner used.

The refrigerant compressor according to the present invention uses a liquid refrigerant mainly composed of hydrofluorocarbons and a lubricating oil which is separated into two layers at an operating temperature, thereby improving volume resistivity and reducing water absorption, thereby reducing moisture absorption. It is equivalent to the refrigeration air conditioner using, and also becomes a compact compressor. Refrigerant compressor according to the present application is improved by using a liquid refrigerant mainly composed of hydrofluorocarbons and lubricating oil which is separated into two layers at the operating temperature, thereby improving volume resistivity and reducing hygroscopicity so that moisture management is conventional. Equivalent to refrigeration and air conditioning equipment using, easy to handle lubricants can be used.

The refrigerant compressor according to the present invention ensures the low temperature fluidity of the oil in the evaporator and in the pipe, and can reduce the heat exchange rate by reducing the thickness of the oil film attached to the inner wall of the evaporator.

The refrigerant compressor according to the present application can prevent the piping from being closed by oil. The refrigerant compressor according to the present invention can reduce the amount of refrigerant corresponding to 10-20% by weight of the encapsulation flow rate as compared with the case of using mutually soluble lubricating oil.

The refrigerant compressor according to the present application prevents the gas leaked from the high pressure side at the time of stopping the compressor from reaching the accumulator or the evaporator through the pipe, and raises the temperature of the evaporator, and can reduce the power consumption of the apparatus. The refrigerator according to the present application is excellent in electrical insulation and hygroscopicity, and oil return to the compressor is good.

In the air conditioner according to the present application, the return of the refrigerant is assured, and excellent performance is maintained. The refrigeration and air conditioning apparatus according to the present invention uses a refrigerant mainly composed of hydrofluorocarbon, uses a process oil (lubricating oil) which does not dissolve with the refrigerant, and uses a light lubricant having a low specific gravity that does not mutually dissolve with the refrigerant. Because of the storage, the volumetric efficiency is improved, and the hygroscopicity is reduced, so that the water management can be made equivalent to that of the refrigeration air conditioner using the conventional CFC12 refrigerant.

The refrigeration air conditioning apparatus according to the present invention has improved volume resistivity compared to ester oil and PGA oil, and has low hygroscopicity, so that water management can be equivalent to a refrigeration air conditioning apparatus using a conventional CFC12 refrigerant.

The refrigeration air conditioning apparatus according to the present invention has improved volume reduction rate compared to ester oil and PAG oil, and has low hygroscopicity, so that the water management can be equivalent to the refrigeration air conditioning apparatus using a conventional CFC12 refrigerant. Can be used.

Refrigeration and air conditioning apparatus according to the present invention, to ensure low-temperature fluidity in the evaporator and in the pipe, it is possible to reduce the heat exchange rate by reducing the thickness of the oil film attached to the inner wall surface of the evaporator. The refrigeration air conditioning apparatus according to the present application can prevent the pipe from being closed by the oil. The refrigeration and air conditioning apparatus according to the present application can reduce the amount of refrigerant corresponding to 10-20% by weight of the encapsulated flow rate as compared with the case of using mutually soluble lubricating oil. The refrigeration air conditioner according to the present application prevents the gas leaked from the high pressure side when the compressor is stopped to reach the evaporation through the suction pipe, to raise the temperature of the evaporator, and to reduce the power consumption of the device.

The method of assembling the refrigerant compressor according to the present invention has improved volume resistivity compared to ester oil and PAG oil, and has low hygroscopicity, so that moisture management can be assembled on the basis of a refrigeration air conditioner using a conventional CFC12 refrigerant.

The method of assembling the refrigerant compressor according to the present invention has improved volume resistivity compared to ester oil and PAG oil, and has low hygroscopicity, so that moisture management can be assembled on the basis of a refrigeration air conditioner using a conventional CFC12 refrigerant. The method for assembling the refrigerant compressor according to the present application is excellent in electrical insulation and hygroscopicity, and oil return to the compressor is good.

In the method for assembling the refrigerant compressor according to the present application, the return of the refrigerant is assured and excellent performance is maintained.

Example 1

EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION Hereinafter, Embodiment 1 of this invention is described with reference to drawings. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 11 denotes a sealed container, 12 an electric motor for driving a compressor, 13 an insulated wire used in the electric motor 12, 6c is a paint to improve the sliding property of the electric wire and improve the winding stiffness. The sintered parts such as the cylinder 16 and the bearing 17 constituting the compression chamber, which are hard alkyl benzene oils, impregnate the hard alkyl benzene oil 6c, and the hard alkyl benzene oil 6c even when the compressor body sliding motion parts are assembled. Lubrication is performed.

In addition, in the refrigerating device using HFC134a as the refrigerant as shown in FIG. 1, hard alkyl benzene oil 6c is used as the refrigeration oil 6 of the compressor 1. Since the refrigerant compressor 1 configured as described above uses hard alkyl benzene oil 6c as the application and impregnation oil or granulated oil of each component, the hygroscopicity can be suppressed low and the compressor parts using the conventional CFC12 refrigerant, etc. Can be handled without any change.

In addition, since a hard alkyl benzene oil having good electrical insulation (volume resistivity 10 ¹⁵ -10 ¹⁶ Ωcm) is used as the refrigeration oil, it is possible to handle the short circuit in the same way as a device using a CFC12 refrigerant.

Example 2

Embodiment (2) of this invention is demonstrated. In the refrigerating device using the refrigerant HFC134a as shown in FIG. 1, a low viscosity hard alkyl benzene oil 6d is used as the lubricating oil 6 of the compressor 1. The low-viscosity hard alkyl benzene oil 6d uses a lower viscosity than the hard alkyl benzene oil 6c used as a lubricating oil of a conventional CFC12 compressor, and is commonly used in refrigeration equipment such as a refrigerator using a rotary compressor. As (6), a viscosity of about 32 cst was used at 40 ° C., but the viscosity in the evaporator 4 was about 1000-5000 cst in consideration of the fusion of the refrigerant. Therefore, even if it is the low viscosity hard alkyl benzene oil (6d) which is not fused of HFC134a, it becomes about 10-22 cst at 40 degreeC in order to make it the same viscosity. In this way, if the viscosity in the evaporator 4 is the same, the fluidity and the thickness of the inner wall surface of the evaporator can be made to the same extent as when using the conventional CFC12 refrigerant. Although FIG. 2 shows the relationship between the 40 ° C viscosity of the hard alkyl benzene oils 6c and 6d and the evaporator 4 reaching temperature during continuous operation of the refrigerator compressor, the viscosity is 40 ° C at 40 ° C and 6 c of 10 cst. Attained the same temperature reached as the ester oil of 32 cst, cooling performance can be said to be good. In the sliding part of the compressor 1, the viscosity varies depending on whether or not the oil 6 viscosity is mutually soluble. However, the CFC12 fusion rate to the oil 6 and the sliding part of the compressor 1 also change in the evaporator 4. Since the CFC12 fusion rate is about the same, when the low viscosity oil 6d is used under the atmosphere of HFC134a, the actual viscosity similar to that for CFC12 6c can be ensured even in the sliding part.

In addition, although the hard alkyl benzene oil 6a was used for granulation oil etc. in Example 1, even if the low viscosity hard alkyl benzene oil 6b is used, there is no change in granulation workability.

Example 3

Embodiment 3 of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, reference numeral 1 denotes a compressor for compressing the refrigerant gas, 2 denotes a condenser for condensing the high pressure refrigerant gas discharged from the compressor 1, 3 denotes a capillary tube, 4 denotes an evaporator, and 5 denotes a refrigerant amount adjustment function. The accumulator which collects the refrigerant liquid, which is 6, is a lubricating oil for lubricating the sliding part of the compressor (1) and sealing of the compression chamber in the compressor (1), and uses a hard alkyl benzene oil (6a) that is insoluble in HFC134a. . In addition, the outlet of the evaporator 4 is connected to the upper part of the accumulator 5, and the suction side of the compressor 1 is connected to the lower part of the accumulator 5, and the suction pipe 7 is inserted into the accumulator 5 and extends upward. The oil return hole 8 is provided in the side surface. Moreover, the oil return hole 8 is provided in the relatively upward direction of the said suction pipe 7.

Like the conventional accumulator 5, the lower side of the accumulator 5 is connected to the outlet side of the evaporator 4, and the upper side thereof is connected to the suction side of the compressor 1, and the pipe inserted downward from the upper side in the accumulator 5 is inserted. In the case of the ester oil 6b alone, which forms a refrigerant liquid storage portion and is mutually soluble with the refrigerant HFC134a, the refrigerant and the oil dissolve and return to the compressor 1 without convection of oil in the accumulator 5, but the HFC134a In the case of hard alkyl benzene oils (6c, 6d) that are not mutually soluble with the accumulator (5), the oil decreases in flow rate in the compressor (1) accumulated in the accumulator (5) and interferes with the lubrication and sealing of the sliding member. The inlet pipe connected to the outlet side of the evaporator (4), the bottom side to the suction side of the compressor (1), and inserted into the accumulator (5) from the bottom to the top. By providing the oil return hole 8 on the side wall of 7), even if it does not dissolve with the refrigerant, the oil is reliably returned to the compressor 1 side and does not accumulate in the accumulator 5.

In addition, the oil return hole 8 is located in a relatively upward direction of the connecting pipe 7 inserted into the accumulator 5, so that oils 6c and 6d having a specific gravity lower than that of the HFC134a refrigerant can be compressed in the same manner as described above. Return to 1). In addition, by accumulating the refrigerant in the accumulator 5 in the lower direction than the oil return hole 8, it is possible to perform cooling with an appropriate efficiency with which the function for adjusting the load fluctuation of the refrigerator can be satisfied.

Accumulator that adjusts the amount of refrigerant because the amount of refrigerant fused to the oil 6 in the compressor 1 due to the change in the ambient temperature and the load condition of the refrigerator is small and the amount of variation is small because it is incompatible with the HFC134a refrigerant. ) Can be miniaturized and the efficiency is improved by eliminating inappropriate cooling due to insufficient refrigerant. In the case of using a high-pressure vessel type rotary compressor, the amount of the sealed refrigerant can be reduced to 10% to 20%.

Example 4

In addition, although HFC134a and hard alkyn benzene oil are mentioned as an example, the same effect is exhibited also in the other combination of the oil which is incompatible with a refrigerant | coolant.

Example 5

The fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described below. Hard alkyl benzene is used as chiller oil. By using a refrigerant with an oil viscosity of 200 cst or less at ambient temperature and an emergency oil, for example, the oil returns to the compressor even if there is a large amount of oil leaking into the circuit to close the capillary tube of the refrigerator. It was confirmed by the experiment. 5 is an experimental apparatus for investigating the above phenomenon, and FIG. 6 is an investigation result. The apparatus of FIG. 5 is provided with an oil sump 19 on the high pressure side of the refrigerator refrigerant circuit, with the oil free inside the compressor 1, and with the HFC134a refrigerant 18 deposited on the compressor 1. It is a device which starts the compressor 1 and checks the behavior of oil. Upon starting, the refrigerant 18 is compressed and the discharge pressure gradually rises. However, as shown in FIG. 6, the oil returns to the compressor 1 as the viscosity of the oil is high and the ambient temperature is low. According to FIG. 7, it was found that when the viscosity at ambient temperature was 200 cst or more, the capillary tube 3 was closed by oil and oil could not be returned for at least 240 minutes. However, if it is 200 cst or less, the oil returns in tens of minutes so that the capillaries are not closed by the oil. Therefore, by the oil viscosity of 200 cst or less at the apparatus ambient temperature, it is possible to constitute an apparatus which ensures oil return even in an extreme state.

Example 6

In addition, by using an oil whose oil viscosity at the evaporation temperature of the apparatus is 2000 cst or less, the cooling performance of the apparatus can be made in the same manner as when the oil having mutual solubility is used. 7 shows the relationship between the cooling performance and the oil viscosity during continuous operation of the refrigerator. As can be seen from FIG. 7, it is possible to set the temperature to be almost the same as that in the case of using a soluble ester oil if the evaporation temperature is 2000 cst or less.

Example 7

In addition, when the high pressure vessel type is used as the compressor, the oil of the present invention is incompatible with the refrigerant, and thus the refrigerant shortage and the refrigerant excess caused by the change in the amount of refrigerant fused into the oil in the compressor 1 by the change of the ambient temperature of the apparatus. The phenomenon is less. In addition, the required amount of refrigerant can be reduced by the amount where the refrigerant is not fused to the oil 6. Specifically, the amount of refrigerant corresponding to 10 to 20% by weight of the enclosed flow can be reduced as compared with the case of using a compatible oil.

Example 8

The outlet of the evaporator 4 is connected to the upper part of the accumulator 5, and the suction side of the compressor 1 is connected to the lower part of the accumulator 5, and the suction pipe 7 is inserted into the accumulator 5 and extends upward. 5) The refrigerant flow inside is from top to bottom. Like the conventional accumulator 5, the lower side of the accumulator 5 is connected to the outlet of the evaporator 4, the upper side is connected to the suction side of the compressor 1, and the refrigerant liquid is inserted into the accumulator 5 from the lower side upward. If the reservoir is formed, the refrigerant HFC134a and non-intersoluble oil, such as hard alkyl benzene oil, will remain and the flow rate in the compressor 1 will decrease, which will interfere with the lubrication and sealing of the sliding member. By reversing the flow in the top and bottom, the refrigeration oil, which has a lighter specific gravity than the refrigerant, collects in the upward direction in the accumulator 5 and the refrigeration oil is returned to the compressor 1 without remaining in the accumulator 5.

Example 9

Reference numeral 20 is a check valve and is provided between the compressor 1 and the evaporator 4. Since the refrigerant and the refrigerant oil are separated, the viscosity of the refrigerant alone is lower than that of the refrigerant and the refrigerant oil dissolved therein. Therefore, since the viscosity of the refrigerant alone is low while the compressor 1 is stopped, fluidity is good, and the amount of refrigerant to be flowed back to the evaporator 4 through the gap of the sliding part in the compressor 1 increases, and consequently, the temperature of the evaporator 4 increases. As it rises, the power consumption of the refrigerating device increases. Therefore, by providing the check valve 20 between the compressor 1 and the evaporator 4, it is possible to suppress the backflow of the refrigerant and to suppress the temperature rise of the evaporator 4. Instead of the check valve 20, a backflow prevention mechanism having the same function may be provided.

Example 10

In the above embodiment, the example of the hard alkyl benzene oil 6a is cited as the refrigerator oil 6, but refrigeration oils such as soft alkyl benzene oil, polyalpha olefin, paraffinic mineral oil, and naphthenic mineral oil having excellent low-temperature fluidity alone or are mixed. You can expect the same effect even if used.

Example 11

The refrigeration oil of the above embodiment can satisfy the performance required as the refrigeration oil without using an additive, but is hindered phenol-based, amine-based, sulfur-based, etc. as an antioxidant, for example, 2, 6-di-t- Butyl-4-methylphenol, 4, 4'-methylenebis (2, 6-di-t-butylphenol), 2, 2'-thiobis (4-methyl-6-t-butylphenol), trimethyl dihydro Quinone, P, P'-dioctyldiphenylamine, 3, 7-dioctylphenothiazine, alkylphenothiazine-1-carboxylate, phenyl-2-naphthylamine, 2, 6-di-t-butyl- 0.2-5% by weight of 2-dimethyl-P-cresol, 5-ethyl-10, 10'-diphenyl penazaline, alkyldisulfide, etc., phosphate ester, phosphite ester, alkyl or aryl phosphorotibo as extreme pressure agent, antiwear agent Nate, halogenated hydrocarbon, halogenated carboxylic acid, dialkyl or diaryl dithiophosphate metal salt, dialkyldithio carbamic acid metal salt, oil-soluble chemical molybdenum containing compound, etc. Abrasion resistance, load resistance, heat by adding additives such as dimethyl polysiloxane and carboxylate metal salt to 0.001 to 0.1% by weight of epoxy chemicals as 0.2 to 5% by weight antifoaming agents as 1 to 30% by weight thermal stability enhancer. It is possible to further improve the performance of the refrigeration oil, such as stability.

Example 12

Embodiment 12 of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 8, reference numeral 1 denotes a compressor for compressing a refrigerant, 2 a condenser, 3 a tightening mechanism, 4 an evaporator, and 30 on / off valves are provided between the evaporator 4 and the compressor 1.

Next, the operation will be described with a flow chart showing the refrigeration system control operation in FIG. In step 43, a stop instruction of the compressor 1 is issued. In step 44, the shut-off valve 30 is closed after? T1 hour after the compressor 1 stops. After Δt1 is the time until the compressor 1 becomes a restartable high and low pressure difference. In step 45, when the compressor operation start instruction in the refrigerating system is issued, the on-off valve 30 is first opened in step 46, and the compressor operation is started after? T2 hours after the on-off valve 30 is opened in step 47. By opening / closing the on / off valve 30 at a time? 2 before operation of the compressor 1, refrigerant can be introduced into the compression chamber of the compression element of the compressor 1 to prevent vacuum operation at the start of operation.

FIG. 10 shows the operation and stop of the compressor 1 and the opening and closing operations of the opening / closing valve 30 on the floor axis showing the control operation of the refrigeration system described in FIG.

[Effects of the Invention]

The refrigeration air conditioner according to the present application, as a refrigerant, using a refrigerant mainly composed of hydrofluorocarbon, lubricating oil has a specific gravity less than the refrigerant without mutual dissolution with the refrigerant, and inserted from the upper side to the lower side of the accumulator Since the refrigerant and the lubricating oil flow from the top to the bottom to store the liquid refrigerant and the lubricating oil in the liquid pool formed between the upper opening of the suction pipe and the bottom of the accumulator, the volume resistivity is improved and the hygroscopicity is reduced so that the moisture management It is easy to use, good oil return to the compressor, and high reliability for storing surplus refrigerant according to the load situation of the device, thereby obtaining a device that is easy to use.

In the refrigeration air conditioning apparatus according to the present invention, using a refrigerant mainly composed of hydrofluorocarbon as a refrigerant, the suction pipe is inserted into the accumulator from the lower side to the upper side by selecting alkylbenzene or poly alpha olefin as the lubricant of the compressor. Since the liquid refrigerant and the lubricating oil are stored in the liquid pool formed between the upper opening of the upper part and the bottom of the accumulator, the volume resistivity is improved, and the moisture management is the same as that of the refrigeration air conditioning unit using the conventional CFC12 refrigerant. In addition, it is possible to obtain an economical device with high reliability that oil can be returned to the compressor and the load of the device can be used to store excess refrigerant.

In the refrigeration air conditioner according to the present application, since the oil viscosity at the evaporation temperature of the device to be less than 2000 cst to ensure low-temperature fluidity of the oil in the evaporator and the accumulator, and to reduce the thickness of the oil film attached to the inner wall surface of the evaporator The fall of heat exchange rate can be prevented, and the cooling performance of the apparatus equivalent to the case of using mutually soluble oil can be obtained.

The refrigeration and air conditioning apparatus according to the present application can prevent the pipe from being closed by oil because the oil viscosity is set to 200 cst or less at the ambient temperature of the apparatus, and a highly reliable apparatus can be obtained.

The refrigeration and air conditioning apparatus according to the present invention can reduce the amount of refrigerant corresponding to 10-20% by weight of the encapsulated flow rate, compared to the case of using a mutually soluble oil, because it is of a high pressure vessel type, and an inexpensive apparatus can be obtained. .

The refrigeration air conditioner according to the present invention is configured to provide a backflow prevention mechanism from the compressor to the evaporator side between the evaporator and the compressor, so that when the compressor is stopped, the gas leaked from the high pressure side reaches the accumulator or the evaporator through the suction pipe. It can prevent the temperature of the evaporator, etc., and reduce the power consumption of the device.

In the refrigeration air conditioner according to the present application, since the return hole is provided on the suction pipe protruding from the accumulator, the return of oil to the compressor is good, and the excess refrigerant can be stored according to the load condition of the device, and the device is widely used. Is obtained.

In the refrigeration and air conditioning apparatus according to the present application, since the accumulator is connected to the compressor through the suction pipe, it is possible to freely select an installation position of the accumulator and obtain a convenient device.

The refrigerant compressor according to the present invention uses a refrigerant mainly composed of hydrofluorocarbon as the refrigerant, and the lubricant oil and the liquid refrigerant of the refrigerant compressor are separated into two layers at an operating temperature, and the lubricant has a specific gravity smaller than that of the refrigerant. Because of the configuration, it is possible to obtain a compressor having good electrical insulation, low hygroscopicity and easy handling, and high reliability.

Since the refrigerant compressor according to the present application is configured to house the driving means in the compressor, leakage of the refrigerant can be prevented. In the refrigerant compressor according to the present application, since the compression means is configured as a rotary compressor, the compressor can be miniaturized.

In the refrigerant compressor according to the present invention, the refrigerant and the liquid refrigerant of the refrigerant compressor are separated into two layers at an operating temperature by using a refrigerant mainly composed of hydrofluorocarbon as the refrigerant, and the lubricant has a specific gravity smaller than that of the refrigerant. As alkyl benzene or poly alpha olefin was selected as the lubricant to have, the volume resistivity is improved compared to the ester oil and PAG oil, and the hygroscopicity is lowered, and the water management can be made equal to the refrigeration air conditioner using the conventional CFC12 refrigerant. have. It is also cheaper than ester oil or PAG oil.

In the refrigerant compressor according to the present application, since the oil viscosity at the evaporation temperature of the apparatus is set to 2000 cst, the low temperature fluidity of the oil in the evaporator and in the pipe is ensured, and the thickness of the oil film adhered to the inner wall of the evaporator is reduced. The rate reduction can be prevented and the cooling performance of the apparatus equivalent to the case of using mutually soluble oil can be achieved. Since the refrigerant compressor according to the present application has an oil viscosity of 200 cst or less at the ambient temperature of use of the apparatus, it is possible to prevent the pipe from being closed by the oil and obtain a highly reliable apparatus.

Since the refrigerant compressor according to the present application is a high-pressure container type, it is possible to reduce the amount of refrigerant corresponding to 10-20% by weight of the encapsulated flow rate as compared with the case of using mutually soluble lubricating oil, so that an economical apparatus is obtained.

The refrigerant compressor according to the present application prevents the gas leaked from the high pressure side at the time of stopping the compressor from reaching the accumulator or the evaporator through the pipe, and raises the temperature of the evaporator, and can reduce the power consumption of the apparatus.

The refrigerator according to the present application is excellent in electric insulation and hygroscopicity, and oil return to the compressor is good, and reliable performance is maintained. In the air conditioner according to the present application, the return of the refrigerant is assured, and excellent performance is maintained. The refrigeration and air conditioning apparatus according to the present invention uses oil having no refrigerant mutual dissolvability as process oil, and it is easy to assemble because it is configured to use an emergency oil and a specific gravity lighter than liquid refrigerant as lubricant stored in the housing of the compressor. It is possible to obtain a device with convenient handling. The refrigeration air conditioner according to the present invention is convenient to manufacture the motor because it is configured to apply the process oil to the winding of the motor is not mutually soluble with the refrigerant.

The refrigeration and air conditioning apparatus according to the present invention is good in assembling property and convenient in handling of parts because it is configured to use alkylbenzene or poly alpha olefins as process oil and lubricating oil stored in the housing of the compressor. Compared with ester oil and PAG oil, the volume resistivity is improved, and the hygroscopicity is reduced, so that the water management can be made equivalent to and cheaper than the refrigeration air conditioner using the conventional CFC12 refrigerant.

The refrigeration and air conditioning apparatus according to the present invention ensures low temperature fluidity of oil in the evaporator since the evaporation temperature of the apparatus is set to 2000 cst or less, and prevents the heat exchange rate from decreasing by thinning the thickness of the oil film attached to the inner wall of the evaporator. It is possible to achieve the cooling performance of the device equivalent to the case of using mutually soluble oil.

The refrigeration air conditioning apparatus according to the present application can prevent the pipe from being closed by the oil because the oil viscosity is set to 200 cst or less at the ambient temperature of use of the apparatus, and can constitute a highly reliable apparatus. The refrigeration and air conditioning apparatus according to the present invention can reduce the amount of refrigerant corresponding to 10-20% by weight of the encapsulated flow rate and obtain an inexpensive apparatus, since the refrigeration and air conditioning apparatus is a high pressure vessel type.

The refrigeration air conditioning apparatus according to the present invention has a configuration in which a backflow prevention mechanism from the compressor to the evaporator is provided between the evaporator and the compressor, so that gas leaked from the high pressure side reaches the evaporator through the suction pipe when the compressor is stopped. It is possible to prevent the temperature of the lamp and the like from rising, and to reduce the power consumption of the apparatus.

The assembly method of the refrigerant compressor according to the present invention is good assemblability because parts of the refrigerant is stored in the housing of the compressor using oil that does not dissolve with the refrigerant as lubricant, so that the specific gravity is lighter than that of the liquid refrigerant for emergency use. It is possible to get a comfortable assembly method.

The assembly method of the refrigerant compressor according to the present invention is good assemblability because parts of the refrigerant is stored in the housing of the compressor using oil that does not dissolve with the refrigerant as lubricant, so that the specific gravity is lighter than that of the liquid refrigerant for emergency use. It is possible to get a comfortable assembly method.

The assembly method of the refrigerant compressor according to the present invention is the lubricant oil stored in the housing of the compressor using oil which does not dissolve with the refrigerant as the lubricating oil of the refrigerator. It is good to get the assembly method which is easy to handle the parts.

The assembly method of the refrigerant compressor according to the present invention is a lubricant that is stored in the housing of the compressor using an oil that does not dissolve with the refrigerant as the lubricant of the air conditioner, so that the specific gravity is lighter than the liquid refrigerant for emergency use. Good assembly and easy handling of parts can be obtained.

Claims (2)

A refrigerator comprising a refrigerant compressor connected to a condenser, an evaporator, and a pipe connected to a refrigerant circuit, and configured to circulate a refrigerant, comprising: compression means for compressing and discharging a refrigerant disposed in a container and composed mainly of hydrofluorocarbons; And a lubricating oil stored in the container to lubricate the movable body of the compressing means, wherein the lubricating oil is a liquid refrigerant and a lubricating oil (oil) mainly containing the hydrofluorocarbon in the liquid portion of the refrigerant circuit. In the two-layer separated state, the lubricating oil is a refrigerator, characterized in that the built-in refrigerant compressor using a lower viscosity and less specific gravity than the refrigerant. An air conditioner having a refrigerant compressor connected to a condenser, an evaporator, and a pipe connected to a refrigerant circuit for circulating a refrigerant, comprising: compression means for compressing and discharging a refrigerant, which is disposed in a container and mainly comprises a hydrofluorocarbon; And a lubricating oil stored in the container and lubricating the movable body of the compression means, wherein the lubricating oil is a liquid refrigerant and a lubricating oil (oil) mainly composed of the hydrofluorocarbon in the liquid portion of the refrigerant circuit at an operating temperature. Air conditioner characterized in that the two-layer separation state, the lubricant has a low-viscosity and a refrigerant compressor using a specific gravity less than the refrigerant.

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