KR0123807B1 - Aluminium alloy powder - Google Patents

Aluminium alloy powder

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KR0123807B1
KR0123807B1 KR1019890015730A KR890015730A KR0123807B1 KR 0123807 B1 KR0123807 B1 KR 0123807B1 KR 1019890015730 A KR1019890015730 A KR 1019890015730A KR 890015730 A KR890015730 A KR 890015730A KR 0123807 B1 KR0123807 B1 KR 0123807B1
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alloy
powder
aluminum
alloy powder
weight
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KR1019890015730A
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KR910007609A (en
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신세균
장성기
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이대원
삼성항공산업주식회사
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof

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Abstract

It provides an aluminium alloy powder and compound powder including this for surface treatment of nickel-base alloys to improve high temperature corrosion resistance in heat-resistant alloys. Using an Al-Cr master alloy with chrome added at 5 or 10% by wt. (because of the big 1,190 deg.C melting temperature difference between aluminium and chrome), produce an ingot in the vacuum induction furnace by melting an alloy which comprises aluminium 45-50 wt. %, chrome 50-55 wt. % and Fe 0.3-0.5 wt. % to the total aluminium and chrome. This ingot is put and crushed to produce an alloy powder of 53 - 90 micrometer in size.

Description

Ni기 합금의 표면처리용 알루미늄 합금분말 및 이를 포함하는 혼합분말Aluminum alloy powder for surface treatment of Ni-based alloys and mixed powder containing same

제1도는 본 발명에 따른 Al-Cr-Fe 합금분말을 Ni기 내열합금에 백금도금한 후 확산침투 피복시킨 단면의 500배 확대 조직사진이다.FIG. 1 is a 500 times enlarged texture photograph of a cross-section in which an Al-Cr-Fe alloy powder according to the present invention is platinum-plated on a Ni-based heat-resistant alloy and then coated with diffusion penetration.

제2도는 종래의 Al 분말을 Ni기 내열합금에 백금도금한 후 확산침투 피복시킨 단면의 500배 확대 조직사진이다.FIG. 2 is a 500 times enlarged tissue photograph of a cross section in which a conventional Al powder is platinum-plated on a Ni-based heat-resistant alloy and then diffusion-coated is coated.

본 발명은 내열합금의 고온 내산화 및 내식성을 향상시킬 수 있는 Ni기 합금의 표면처리용 알루미늄 합금분말 및 이를 포함하는 혼합분말에 관한 것이다. 특히, Al-Cr 합금분말로서 Al기의 활성도를 0.1로 일정하게 유지할 수 있게 한 고온 내식 확산침투 피복용 Al-Cr-Fe 합금분말 및 이를 포함하는 혼합분말에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to an aluminum alloy powder for surface treatment of a Ni-based alloy and a mixed powder containing the same, which can improve high temperature oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance of a heat resistant alloy. In particular, it relates to a high-temperature corrosion-resistant diffusion penetration coating Al-Cr-Fe alloy powder and Al-Cr alloy powder for maintaining the activity of the Al group to 0.1 constant and a mixed powder comprising the same.

고온에서 사용되는 재료는 고온 산화 및 고온 부식에 의해 표면이 침식되므로 재료의 내구성이 감소하기 때문에 모재의 보호 및 수명을 연장시키기 위해서는 고온에서 저항성이 강한 피복처리가 요구되고 있다.Since materials used at high temperatures are eroded by high temperature oxidation and high temperature corrosion, the durability of the materials is reduced, so that a coating treatment with high resistance at high temperatures is required in order to extend the protection and life of the base material.

Ni기 내열합금은 항공기 제트엔진과 선박, 자동차 및 산업용 터보엔진의 터어빈 브레이드 등에 널리 사용되고 있다.Ni-based heat resistant alloys are widely used in aircraft jet engines and turbine braids in ships, automobiles and industrial turbo engines.

이리한 용도에 사용되는 Ni기 내열합금은 고온과 가혹한 분위기하에서 연소가스 등에 의해 표면이 침식되므로 내식성과 내산화성을 향상시키기 위하여 내열합금증에 Cr, Al 등의 원소를 첨가하는 것이 바람직하나, 일정량 이상 포함되면 기계적 성질이 열화되고, 특히 연성이 떨어지기 때문에 하기 후술하는 여러가지의 피복처리방법이 사용되고 있다.Ni-based heat resistant alloys used for this purpose are eroded by combustion gases, etc. under high temperature and harsh atmosphere. Therefore, it is preferable to add elements such as Cr and Al to the heat resistant alloy to improve corrosion resistance and oxidation resistance. When included above, the mechanical properties deteriorate, and in particular, the ductility is inferior, and various coating treatment methods described below are used.

이러한 피복처리방법에는 알루미나이징, 크로마이징, 실리콘나이징 등이 있으나, 이러한 방법은 사용온도가 1000℃ 부근이고, 또한 사용수명이 800시간 정도로 짧다. 또다른 방법으로서 일본공개 특허공보 소60-86264호의 Cr-B-Al 피복 및 확산방법은 Cr 피복공정과 Al 피복공정 및 피복층을 변환시키는 확산처리 공정으로 구성되어 공정이 복잡하고, 또한 모재에 백금을 도금한 다음, 알루미늄 분말을 확산침투시켜 백금-알루미나이드를 피복시키는 방법 등이 사용되고 있으나, 알루미늄 분말을 확산침투시킬 경우 알루미늄과 할라이드에 의한 기화 알루미늄의 활성도가 일정하지 못하여 백금층의 박리 및 파괴가 발생하고, 알루미늄과 백금의 금속간 화합물의 형성이 불규칙하고 확산층이 일정하게 형성되지 않는 문제점이 발생한다.Such coating treatment methods include aluminizing, chromizing, siliconizing, and the like, but these methods have a service temperature of around 1000 ° C. and a short service life of about 800 hours. As another method, the Cr-B-Al coating and diffusion method of JP-A-60-86264 is composed of a Cr coating process, an Al coating process, and a diffusion treatment process for converting the coating layer, and the process is complicated. After plating, the aluminum powder is diffused and penetrated to coat platinum-aluminate. However, when the aluminum powder is diffused and infiltrated, the activity of vaporized aluminum by aluminum and halide is not constant, and the platinum layer is separated and destroyed. Occurs, and the formation of an intermetallic compound of aluminum and platinum is irregular and a problem arises in that the diffusion layer is not formed uniformly.

따라서 알루미늄의 활성도를 일정하게 유지할 수 있는 원소의 첨가가 필요하고 또한 쉽게 분말로 제조될 수 있는 합금분말의 조성선택이 요구되고 있다.Therefore, it is necessary to add an element capable of keeping the activity of aluminum constant and to select a composition of an alloy powder that can be easily made into a powder.

따라서, 본 발명의 목적은 Ni기 합금의 고온 내산화 및 내식성을 증가시키기 위해서 알루미늄의 활성도를 일정하게 유지할 수 있는 Ni기 합금의 표면처리용 Al-Cr-Fe 합금분말을 제공하는데 있다.Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an Al-Cr-Fe alloy powder for surface treatment of Ni-based alloys capable of maintaining a constant aluminum activity in order to increase the high temperature oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance of the Ni-based alloys.

본 발명의 다른 목적은 상기 합금분말을 포함하는 Ni기 합금의 표면처리용 혼합분말을 제공하는데 있다.Another object of the present invention is to provide a powder mixture for surface treatment of Ni-based alloy containing the alloy powder.

상기 목적으로 달성하기 위한 본 발명의 Ni기 합금의 표면처리용 Al-Cr-Fe 합금분말은 알루미늄 45∼50wt%, 크롬 50∼55wt%, 및 상기 알루미늄과 크롬 전체 l00중량부에 대해 Fe 0.3∼0.6중량부로 이루어진다.Al-Cr-Fe alloy powder for surface treatment of the Ni-based alloy of the present invention for achieving the above object is 45 to 50wt% aluminum, 50 to 55wt% chromium, and 0.3 to Fe with respect to 100 parts by weight of the total aluminum and chromium It consists of 0.6 weight part.

상기 다른 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명에 따른 상기 합금분말을 포함하는 Ni기 합금의 표면처리용 혼합분말은 알루미늄 45∼50wt%, 크롬 50∼55wt%, 및 상기 알루미늄과 크롬 전체 100중량부에 대해 Fe 0.3∼0.6중량부로 이루어진 알루미늄 합금분말 30∼34.9%, 염화암모늄 0.1∼0.5% 및 알루미나 65∼69.9%로 이루어진다.Mixing powder for surface treatment of the Ni-based alloy containing the alloy powder according to the present invention for achieving the above another object is 45 to 50wt% aluminum, 50 to 55wt% chromium, and 100 parts by weight of the total aluminum and chromium Aluminum alloy powder 30-34.9% consisting of 0.3-0.6 weight part Fe, 0.1-0.5% ammonium chloride, and 65-69.9% alumina.

이하 본 발명을 상세히 설명하면 다음과 같다Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

알루미늄은 철, 크롬, 나켈, 코발트 등과 금속화합물을 형성하변 활성도가 현저하게 달라진다.Aluminum forms a metal compound with iron, chromium, nickel, cobalt and the like, and the lowering activity is remarkably different.

알루미늄이 크롬과 합금으로 제조될 경우, 크롬의 함유량이 40∼60at%에서 알루미늄의 활성도가 0.1로 일정하게 된다.When aluminum is made of chromium and an alloy, the activity of aluminum is constant at 0.1 at a chromium content of 40 to 60 at%.

알루미늄-크롬 합금의 알루미늄 활성도가 0.1인 조성영역을 wt%로 환산하면 크롬의 함유량이 56.2∼74wt% 이다.When the aluminum-chromium alloy has an aluminum activity of 0.1, the chromium content is 56.2 to 74 wt%.

그러나. 알루미늄-크롬 합금을 분말로 쉽게 분쇄될 수 있는 조성은 취성이 강한 상으로서 알루미늄-크롬 상태도의 ε상이다.But. The composition which can be easily crushed into an aluminum-chromium alloy is a brittle phase, which is the ε phase of the aluminum-chromium phase diagram.

ε상은 크롬의 함유량이 최대 55wt%이고, 알루미늄 활성도가 0.1인 알루미늄-크롬 합금의 크롬 함유량은 56.2% 이상이므로, 활성도가 0.1을 유지하며 취성이 강한 상의 조성을 선택한다는 것은 불가능하게 된다.Since the epsilon phase has a chromium content of up to 55 wt% and an aluminum activity of 0.1-chromium alloy with a chromium content of 56.2% or more, it is impossible to select a composition having a high brittleness while maintaining the activity of 0.1.

분말을 제조하는 공정은 경제적인 측면에서 취성이 강한 구역의 상을 선택하는 것이 필요하고 만일 취성이 강한 상의 조성을 선택하지 못하면 분말 제조공정인 오토마이제이션이나 화학적인 방법등으로 제조하여야 하기 때문에 분말 제조비용이 높아진다.The powder manufacturing process is economically necessary to select the phase of the brittle zone, and if the composition of the brittle phase is not selected, the powder manufacturing process must be performed by automation or chemical method such as powder manufacturing process. The cost is high.

그러므로 본 발명자는 Al-Cr 합금에서 취성이 강한 ε상 구역 즉, 크롬의 함유량이 55wt% 이하인 조성을 선택하고, 알루미늄 활성도를 0.1로 일정하게 유지시킬 수 있는 방법을 거듭 연구한 결과 철을 일정량 첨가시키는 것이 상당히 유용하다는 것을 인식하게 되어 본 발명을 완성하게 되었다.Therefore, the inventors of the Al-Cr alloy selects a composition having a highly brittle ε phase, that is, a chromium content of 55wt% or less, and studies how to maintain a constant aluminum activity of 0.1. It was realized that this is quite useful to complete the present invention.

본 발명은 Ni기 합금을 표면처리하는데 사용되는 알루미늄 합금분말, 알루미나 및 할로겐 활성제로 구성된 혼합분말에 관한 것이고, 상기 알루미늄 합금분말의 구성성분이 알루미늄 45∼50wt%와 크롬 50∼55wt%, 및 상기 알루미늄과 크롬 전체 100중량부에 대해 Fe 0.3∼0.6중량부로 이루어진 것을 특징으로 하는 Ni기 내열합금의 확산침투용 합금분말에 관한 것이다. 이때 Fe 첨가량은 상술한 바와 같이 알루미늄과 크롬 전체 100중량부에 대해 0.3∼0.6중량부가 바람직하다. 만약 Fe 첨가량이 0.3중량부에 미달되면 본 발명에서 요구되는 내식성을 얻을 수 없으며, 0.6중량부를 초과하게 되면 알루미늄의 활성도가 일정하지 못하여 피복층이 박리되는 현상이 발생된다.The present invention relates to a mixed powder composed of an aluminum alloy powder, alumina and a halogen activator used for surface treatment of a Ni-based alloy, wherein the components of the aluminum alloy powder are 45 to 50 wt% aluminum and 50 to 55 wt% chromium, and The present invention relates to an alloy powder for diffusion penetration of a Ni-based heat-resistant alloy, which comprises 0.3 to 0.6 parts by weight of Fe, based on 100 parts by weight of aluminum and chromium. At this time, the amount of Fe added is preferably 0.3 to 0.6 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of aluminum and chromium as described above. If the amount of Fe added is less than 0.3 parts by weight, the corrosion resistance required in the present invention cannot be obtained. If the amount of Fe added is more than 0.6 parts by weight, the activity of aluminum is not constant and the coating layer is peeled off.

상기 합금분말의 제조방법은 알루미늄과 크롬의 용해온도 차이가 1190℃ 정도로 크기 때문에 상용되고 있는 5% 또는 10% 크롬을 함유한 Al-Cr의 모합금을 이용하여 상기 바람직한 조성의 합금을 진공 유도로에서 용해하여 잉고트를 제조한 다음, 죠 크러셔로 분쇄하여 53∼90μm 크기의 합금분말로 제조한다.The method for producing the alloy powder is a vacuum induction of the alloy of the preferred composition by using a base alloy of Al-Cr containing 5% or 10% chromium that is commercially available because the difference in the melting temperature of aluminum and chromium is about 1190 ℃. Ingot was prepared by dissolving at, then pulverized with a jaw crusher to prepare an alloy powder of 53 ~ 90μm size.

이렇게 제조된 본 발명의 분말 30∼34.9%, 공업용 염화암모늄 0.1∼0.5%, 알루미나 65∼69.9%로 이루어진 혼합분말속에 백금도금한 Ni 내열합금을 매몰시키고 진공분위기 속에서 1000℃로 가열하여 확산처리하면 균일하고 양호한 피복층이 형성된 고온 내산화 및 내식상이 증가된 Ni기 내열합금을 얻게 된다.Thus, the platinum-plated Ni heat-resistant alloy was buried in a mixed powder composed of 30 to 34.9% of the powder of the present invention, 0.1 to 0.5% of industrial ammonium chloride, and 65 to 69.9% of alumina, and heated to 1000 ° C. in a vacuum atmosphere for diffusion treatment. The Ni-based heat resistant alloy having a high temperature resistant oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance with a lower uniform coating layer is obtained.

이와 같은 조성을 갖는 본 발명에 따른 혼합분말은 고온에서 부식실험결과 합금분말의 중량감소량이 상당히 적음으로서, Ni기 합금의 표면을 피복시킬 경우 내열합금의 내산화 및 내식성이 향상될 뿐만 아나라 기존의 알루미늄 분말보다 피복층의 조직을 균일하고 안정하게 형성한다. 따라서, 상기 범위를 벗어나는 표면처리용 합금분말은 고온처리시 중량이 감소하여 Ni기 합금의 표면을 피복하 경우 내열합금의 표면이 침식되게 되며 피복층 자체의 조직 또한 균일하고 안정되게 형성되지 못한다.The mixed powder according to the present invention having such a composition shows that the weight loss of the alloy powder is considerably small as a result of the corrosion test at a high temperature, and when the surface of the Ni-based alloy is coated, the oxidation and corrosion resistance of the heat-resistant alloy is not only improved. The structure of the coating layer is formed more uniformly and stably than the aluminum powder. Therefore, the alloy powder for surface treatment outside the above range is reduced in weight during high temperature treatment, so that the surface of the heat-resistant alloy is eroded when the surface of the Ni-based alloy is coated, and the structure of the coating layer itself is also not uniformly and stably formed.

제1도는 상기 내열합금에 백금을 도금한후 본 발명의 Al-Cr-Fe 합금분말을 확산침투 피복시킨 단면의 500배 확대 조직사진이며, 제2도는 내열합금에 백금을 도금한 후 종래의 알루미늄 분말을 확산침투 피복시킨 단면의 500배 확대 조직사진으로서, 각기 도면의 상층부를 관찰하면 Al 활성도가 일정한 Al-Cr-Fe 분말을 사용한 제1도의 상층부는 균일한 피복층을 보이는 반면 종래의 Al 분말층을 사용한 경우에는 Al 합성도가 불규칙하여 피복층의 표면에 크랙이나 박리가 발생함을 잘 알 수 있다.FIG. 1 is a 500 times enlarged texture photograph of a cross-section in which an Al-Cr-Fe alloy powder of the present invention is diffused and coated after platinum is plated on the heat resistant alloy, and FIG. 2 is a conventional aluminum plated with platinum on a heat resistant alloy. This is a 500 times enlarged tissue photograph of the cross-section of the powder coated with diffusion penetration, and when the upper layer of each drawing is observed, the upper layer of FIG. 1 using Al-Cr-Fe powder having a constant Al activity shows a uniform coating layer, whereas the conventional Al powder layer In the case of using Al, it is well known that the Al synthesis degree is irregular and cracks or peeling occur on the surface of the coating layer.

특히, 백금도금한 내열합금에 알루미늄 분말을 확산침투시켜 피복층이 균일하고 안정한 PtAl2, NiAl과 같은 금속간 화합물을 고온재료의 표면에 형성하게 하여 재료의 사용수명 및 사용온도가 향상되고, 이로 인해 항공기, 선박용 터어빈 엔진의 효율을 증가시킬 수 있다.In particular, the aluminum powder is diffused into the platinum-plated heat-resistant alloy to form a uniform and stable intermetallic compound, such as PtAl 2 and NiAl, on the surface of the high-temperature material, thereby improving the service life and operating temperature of the material. It can increase the efficiency of aircraft and marine turbine engines.

이하, 실시예 및 비교 실시예를 통해 본 발명의 제조방법 및 그 작용효과에 대해 구체적으로 설명한다. 그러나, 다음의 예가 본 발명의 범주를 한정하는 것은 아니다.Hereinafter, the production method of the present invention and its working effects will be described in detail through Examples and Comparative Examples. However, the following examples do not limit the scope of the present invention.

실시예 및 비교 실시예Examples and Comparative Examples

상용되는 10% 크롬을 함유한 Al-Cr의 모합금을 이용하여 하기 표 1의 조성을 가진 합금을 진공 유도로에서 용해하여 잉고트를 제조한 다음 죠 크러셔로 분쇄하여 53∼90μm 크기의 합금분말로 제조하였다.Ingots were prepared by dissolving an alloy having the composition shown in Table 1 in a vacuum induction furnace using a commercially available Al-Cr master alloy containing 10% chromium, and then pulverizing with a jaw crusher to prepare an alloy powder having a size of 53 to 90 μm. It was.

이상 제조된 Al-Cr-Fe 분말 33%, 공업용 염화암모늄 0.1%, 및 알루미나 66.9%를 혼합한 분말속의 Rene 80의 니켈기 내열합금에 6μm 백금을 도금한 시편을 각각 메몰시키고 진공분위기에서 1000℃로 가열하여 확산처리하였다.The specimens were plated with 6 μm platinum on a nickel-based heat-resistant alloy of Rene 80 in a powder mixture of 33% Al-Cr-Fe powder, 0.1% industrial ammonium chloride, and 66.9% alumina, respectively. Heated to and diffused.

한편, 비교 실시예에서는 실시예의 Al-Cr-Fe 합금분말 대신에 Al 분말 5%를 사용하였으며, 여기에 공업용 염화암모늄 0.1%와 알루미나 94.9%를 사용하였다.Meanwhile, in the comparative example, 5% Al powder was used instead of Al-Cr-Fe alloy powder of the examples, and 0.1% ammonium chloride and 94.9% of alumina for industrial use were used.

고온 부식시험은 Na2SO4-40% NiSO4의 용융염을 시료의 표면에 10mg/㎠ 도포하고, 850℃의 대기중에 500시간 방치한후 생성된 스케일을 벗기고 중량을 측정 시험전후의 중량 감소량으로 내식성으로 평가하여 하기 표 1에 기재하였는바, 표 1에서 보는 바와 같이 부식시험결과 중량 감소량이 현저하게 저하되어 본발명의 우수한 특성을 용이하게 판단할 수 있다.In the high temperature corrosion test, 10 mg / cm 2 molten salt of Na 2 SO 4 -40% NiSO 4 was applied to the surface of the sample, and left for 500 hours in an atmosphere of 850 ° C. As shown in Table 1 to evaluate the corrosion resistance as shown in Table 1, as shown in Table 1, the weight loss is significantly reduced as a result of the corrosion test can easily determine the excellent properties of the present invention.

[표 1]

Figure kpo00001
TABLE 1
Figure kpo00001

· *는 비교실시예이다.* Is a comparative example.

· Fe의 함량은 Al과 Cr 전체 100중량부에 대한 중량부값이다.Fe content is a weight part value with respect to 100 weight part of Al and Cr total.

Claims (2)

Al 45∼50중량%와, Cr 55∼50중량%, 및 상기 Al과 Cr 전체 100중량부에 대해 Fe 0.3∼0.6중량부로 이루어진 것을 특징으로 하는 Ni기 합금의 표면처리용 알루미늄 합금분말.An aluminum alloy powder for surface treatment of a Ni-based alloy, comprising 45 to 50% by weight of Al, 55 to 50% by weight of Cr, and 0.3 to 0.6 parts by weight of Fe, based on 100 parts by weight of Al and Cr. Al 45∼50중량%와, Cr 55∼50중량%, 및 장기 Al과 Cr 전체 100중량부에 대해 Fe 0.3∼0.6중량부로 이루어진 알루미늄 합금분말 30∼34.9%, 염화암모늄 0.1∼0.5% 및 알루미나 65∼69.9%로 이루어진 것을 특징으로 하는 Ni기 합금의 표면처리용 혼합분말.Aluminum alloy powder consisting of 45 to 50% by weight of Al, 55 to 50% by weight of Cr, and 0.3 to 0.6 parts by weight of Fe based on 100 parts by weight of total Al and Cr, 0.1 to 0.5% of ammonium chloride and alumina 65 Mixing powder for surface treatment of Ni-based alloy, characterized by consisting of -69.9%.
KR1019890015730A 1989-10-31 1989-10-31 Aluminium alloy powder KR0123807B1 (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100305728B1 (en) * 1999-08-30 2001-09-24 이종훈 Powder Composition for Simultaneous Coating of Chrome and Aluminium on Metal Surfaces and Coating Method Thereof

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100305728B1 (en) * 1999-08-30 2001-09-24 이종훈 Powder Composition for Simultaneous Coating of Chrome and Aluminium on Metal Surfaces and Coating Method Thereof

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