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JPWO2021041406A5
JPWO2021041406A5 JP2022513639A JP2022513639A JPWO2021041406A5 JP WO2021041406 A5 JPWO2021041406 A5 JP WO2021041406A5 JP 2022513639 A JP2022513639 A JP 2022513639A JP 2022513639 A JP2022513639 A JP 2022513639A JP WO2021041406 A5 JPWO2021041406 A5 JP WO2021041406A5
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粘度調整剤として用いられるポリマーの増粘効率特性をさらに改善することが依然として求められている。
関心のある参考文献としては、以下のものも挙げられる。1)Vaughan, A; Davis, D.S.; Hagadorn, J.R. in Comprehensive Polymer Science, Vol. 3, Chapter 20, “Industrial catalysts for alkene polymerization”、2)Gibson, V.C.; Spitzmesser, S.K. Chem. Rev. 2003, 103, 283、3)Britovsek, G.J.P.; Gibson, V.C.; Wass, D.F. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 1999, 38, 428、4)国際公開第2006/036748号、5)McGuire, R. et al. Coordination Chemistry Reviews, Vol 254, No. 21-22, pages 2574-2583 (2010)、6)米国特許第4,540,753号明細書、7)米国特許第4,804,794号明細書、8)P. Chem. Rev. 2013, 113, 3836-38-57、9)J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2005, 127, 9913-9923、10)Lub. Sci. 1989, 1, 265-280、11)Lubricant Additives, Chemistry and Applications, pages 293-327, CRC Press, 2003、12)Chemistry and Technology of Lubricants, 3rd edition, pages 153-187, Springer, 2010、13)米国特許出願公開第2013/0131294号明細書、14)米国特許出願公開第2002/0142912号明細書、15)米国特許第6,900,321号明細書、16)米国特許第6,103,657号明細書、17)国際公開第2005/095469号、18)米国特許出願公開第2004/0220050号明細書、19)国際公開第2007/067965号、20)Froese, R.D.J. et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2007, 129, pp. 7831-7840、21)国際公開第2010/037059号、22)米国特許出願公開第2010/0227990号明細書、23)国際公開第0238628号、24)Guerin, F.; McConville, D. H.; Vittal, J. J. Organometallics 1996, 15, p. 5586、25)米国特許第7,973,116号明細書、26)米国特許第8,394,902号明細書、27)米国特許出願公開第2011/0224391号明細書、28)米国特許出願公開第2011/0301310号明細書、及び29)米国特許第9,321,858号明細書。
There remains a need to further improve the thickening efficiency properties of polymers used as viscosity modifiers.
References of interest also include: 1) Vaughan, A; Davis, DS; Hagadorn, JR in Comprehensive Polymer Science, Vol. 3, Chapter 20, "Industrial catalysts for alkene polymerization", 2) Gibson, VC; Spitzmesser, SK Chem. 283, 3) Britovsek, GJP; Gibson, VC; Wass, DF Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 1999, 38, 428; Reviews, Vol 254, No. 21-22, pages 2574-2583 (2010), 6) U.S. Pat. No. 4,540,753, 7) U.S. Pat. No. 4,804,794, 8) P Chem. Rev. 2013, 113, 3836-38-57, 9) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2005, 127, 9913-9923, 10) Lub. Sci. 1989, 1, 265-280, 11) Lubricant Additives, Chemistry and Applications, pages 293-327, CRC Press, 2003, 12) Chemistry and Technology of Lubricants, 3rd edition, pages 153-187, Springer, 2010, 13) U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2013/0131294; 14) US2002/0142912, 15) US6,900,321, 16) US6,103,657, 17) WO2005/095469 18) U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2004/0220050, 19) International Publication No. 2007/067965, 20) Froese, RDJ et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2007, 129, pp. 7831 -7840, 21) WO2010/037059, 22) U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2010/0227990, 23) WO02 / 38628, 24) Guerin, F.; McConville, DH; Vittal, JJ Organometallics 1996, 15, p. 5586, 25) US Patent No. 7,973,116, 26) US Patent No. 8,394,902, 27) US Patent Application Publication No. 2011/0224391. 28) U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2011/0301310, and 29) U.S. Patent No. 9,321,858.

記載したアルキル、アルケニル、アルコキシド、又はアリール基の異性体が存在する場合(例えば、n-ブチル、イソブチル、sec-ブチル、及びtert-ブチル)、その基の1つのメンバー(例えば、n-ブチル)への言及は、ファミリー中の残りの異性体(例えば、イソブチル、sec-ブチル、及びtert-ブチル)も明示的に開示するものとする。同様に、特定の異性体を指定しないアルキル、アルケニル、アルコキシド、又はアリール基への言及(例えば、ブチル)も、すべての異性体(例えば、n-ブチル、イソブチル、sec-ブチル、及びtert-ブチル)を明示的に開示する。 Where isomers of the described alkyl, alkenyl, alkoxide or aryl groups exist (eg n-butyl, isobutyl, sec- butyl and tert-butyl), one member of that group (eg n-butyl) A reference to is also intended to explicitly disclose the remaining isomers in the family (eg, iso-butyl, sec-butyl, and tert-butyl). Similarly, a reference to an alkyl, alkenyl, alkoxide, or aryl group that does not specify a particular isomer (eg, butyl) refers to all isomers (eg, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, and tert-butyl). ) is explicitly disclosed.

が活性化カチオン(L-H) である場合、それは、遷移金属触媒前駆体にプロトンを供与して遷移金属カチオンとすることができるブレンステッド酸であることが好ましく、アンモニウム、オキソニウム、ホスホニウム、シリリウム、及びこれらの混合物が挙げられ、好ましくはメチルアミン、アニリン、ジメチルアミン、ジエチルアミン、N-メチルアニリン、ジフェニルアミン、トリメチルアミン、トリエチルアミン、N,N-ジメチルアニリン、メチルジフェニルアミン、ピリジン、p-ブロモ-N,N-ジメチルアニリン、p-ニトロ-N,N-ジメチルアニリンのアンモニウム、トリエチルホスフィン、トリフェニルホスフィン、及びジフェニルホスフィンからのホスホニウム、ジメチルエーテルジエチルエーテル、テトラヒドロフラン、及びジオキサンなどのエーテルからのオキソニウム、ジエチルチオエーテル、テトラヒドロチオフェンなどのチオエーテルからのスルホニウム、並びにこれらの混合物である。 When Z d + is an activating cation (LH) d + , it is preferably a Bronsted acid capable of donating protons to transition metal catalyst precursors to transition metal cations, ammonium, oxonium, phosphonium, silylium, and mixtures thereof, preferably methylamine, aniline, dimethylamine, diethylamine, N-methylaniline, diphenylamine, trimethylamine, triethylamine, N,N-dimethylaniline, methyldiphenylamine, pyridine, p - bromo-N,N-dimethylaniline, ammonium of p-nitro-N,N-dimethylaniline, phosphonium from triethylphosphine, triphenylphosphine and diphenylphosphine, ethers such as dimethyl ether , diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, and dioxane sulfonium from thioethers such as diethylthioether, tetrahydrothiophene, and mixtures thereof.

好ましい活性化剤としては、N,N-ジメチルアニリニウムテトラキス(ペルフルオロナフチル)ボレート、N,N-ジメチルアニリニウムテトラキス(ペルフルオロフェニル)ボレート、トリフェニルカルベニウムテトラキス(ペルフルオロフェニル)ボレート、[Ph][B(C ]、[MeNH][B(C ]、1-(4-(トリス(ペンタフルオロフェニル)ボレート)-2,3,5,6-テトラフルオロフェニル)ピロリジニウム、4-(トリス(ペンタフルオロフェニル)ボレート)-2,3,5,6-テトラフルオロピリジンが挙げられる。 Preferred activators include N,N-dimethylaniliniumtetrakis(perfluoronaphthyl)borate, N,N-dimethylaniliniumtetrakis(perfluorophenyl)borate, triphenylcarbeniumtetrakis(perfluorophenyl)borate, [Ph 3 C + ][B(C 6 F 5 ) 4 ], [Me 3 NH + ][B(C 6 F 5 ) 4 ], 1-(4-(tris(pentafluorophenyl)borate)-2,3 ,5,6-tetrafluorophenyl)pyrrolidinium and 4-(tris(pentafluorophenyl)borate)-2,3,5,6-tetrafluoropyridine.

好ましい実施形態では、活性化剤としては、トリアリールカルボニウム(トリフェニルカルベニウムテトラフェニルボレート、トリフェニルカルベニウムテトラキス(ペンタフルオロフェニル)ボレート、トリフェニルカルベニウムテトラキス-(2,3,4,6-テトラフルオロフェニル)ボレートなどが挙げられる。 In a preferred embodiment, the activating agents include triarylcarbonium (triphenylcarbenium tetraphenylborate, triphenylcarbeniumtetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate, triphenylcarbeniumtetrakis-(2,3,4,6 -tetrafluorophenyl)borate, etc. ) .

所望に応じて用いられる捕捉剤又は共活性化剤
これらの活性化剤化合物に加えて、1又は複数の捕捉剤又は共活性化剤が、触媒系に用いられてもよい。捕捉剤又は共活性化剤として用いられ得るアルミニウムアルキル又は有機アルミニウム化合物としては、例えば、トリメチルアルミニウム、トリエチルアルミニウム、トリイソブチルアルミニウム、トリ-n-ヘキシルアルミニウム、トリ-n-オクチルアルミニウム、及びジエチル亜鉛が挙げられる。金属又はメタロイド中心に結合した嵩高い又はC~C20直鎖状ヒドロカルビル置換基を有する捕捉剤は、通常、活性触媒との有害な相互作用を最小限に抑える。例としては、トリエチルアルミニウムが挙げられるが、より好ましくは、トリイソブチルアルミニウム、トリイソプレニルアルミニウムなどの嵩高い化合物、及びトリ-n-ヘキシルアルミニウム、トリ-n-オクチルアルミニウム、又はトリ-n-ドデシルアルミニウムなどの長鎖直鎖状アルキル置換アルミニウム化合物が挙げられる。アルモキサンが活性化剤として用いられる場合、活性化に必要とされるよりも過剰な何れかの量であれば、不純物が捕捉され、追加の捕捉剤が不要となり得る。メチルアルモキサン又はビス(ジイソブチルアルミニウム)オキシド(DIBALO)などのアルモキサンが、[MeHNPh][B(pfp) 又はB(pfp)(ペルフルオロフェニル=pfp=C)などの他の活性化剤と共に捕捉量で添加されてもよい。一実施形態では、アルミニウム捕捉剤の触媒に対するモル比は、5:1~30:1である。
Optional Scavengers or Co-Activators In addition to these activator compounds, one or more scavengers or co-activators may be used in the catalyst system. Aluminum alkyl or organoaluminum compounds that can be used as scavengers or co-activators include, for example, trimethylaluminum, triethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum, tri-n-hexylaluminum, tri-n-octylaluminum, and diethylzinc. mentioned. Scavengers with bulky or C 6 -C 20 linear hydrocarbyl substituents attached to the metal or metalloid center usually minimize detrimental interactions with the active catalyst. Examples include triethylaluminum, but more preferably bulky compounds such as triisobutylaluminum, triisoprenylaluminum, and tri-n-hexylaluminum, tri-n-octylaluminum, or tri-n-dodecyl Long chain linear alkyl-substituted aluminum compounds such as aluminum are included. If an alumoxane is used as an activator, any amount in excess of that required for activation will scavenge the impurities, and no additional scavenger may be needed. Alumoxanes, such as methylalumoxane or bis(diisobutylaluminum)oxide (DIBALO), such as [Me 2 HNPh] + [B(pfp) 4 ] or B(pfp) 3 (perfluorophenyl=pfp=C 6 F 5 ), etc. may be added in scavenger amounts with other activators. In one embodiment, the molar ratio of aluminum scavenger to catalyst is from 5:1 to 30:1.

いくつかの実施形態では、重合のためのモノマー及びコモノマーのフィード濃度は、フィード流の総体積に基づいて、約60体積%以下、好ましくは約40体積%以下、又はより好ましくは約20体積%以下である。好ましくは、重合は、塊状プロセスで行われる。 In some embodiments, the feed concentration of monomer and comonomer for polymerization is about 60 % by volume or less , preferably about 40% by volume or less, or more preferably about 20% by volume, based on the total volume of the feed stream. % or less. Preferably the polymerization is carried out in a bulk process.

有用な連鎖移動剤は、典型的には、式AlR及びZnR(但し、各Rは、独立して、C~C脂肪族ラジカル、好ましくはメチル、エチル、プロピル、ブチル、ペンチル、ヘキシルオクチル、又はこれらの異性体である。)で表されるトリアルキルアルミニウム及びジアルキル亜鉛、又はこれらの組み合わせであり、例えば、ジエチル亜鉛、トリメチルアルミニウム、トリイソブチルアルミニウム、トリオクチルアルミニウム、又はこれらの組み合わせである。 Useful chain transfer agents typically have the formulas AlR 3 and ZnR 2 , where each R is independently a C 1 -C 8 aliphatic radical, preferably methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl , octyl, or isomers thereof), or a combination thereof, such as diethylzinc, trimethylaluminum, triisobutylaluminum, trioctylaluminum, or these It's a combination.

Claims (17)

エチレンとC~C20α-オレフィンのコポリマーであって、
1.1~1.9のMw(DRI)/Mn(DRI)、
0,000g/mol~250,000g/molのMw(DRI)、及び
5重量%~70重量%のエチレン含有率
を有する、コポリマー。
A copolymer of ethylene and a C3 - C20 α-olefin comprising:
Mw(DRI)/Mn(DRI) from 1.1 to 1.9,
Mw (DRI) from 50,000 g/mol to 250,000 g/mol, and
A copolymer having an ethylene content of 45 % to 70 % by weight.
前記エチレン含有率が45重量%~60重量%である、請求項1に記載のコポリマー。 A copolymer according to claim 1, wherein said ethylene content is between 45 % and 60 % by weight. 前記エチレン含有率が45重量%~55重量%である、請求項1に記載のコポリマー。 A copolymer according to claim 1, wherein said ethylene content is between 45 % and 55 % by weight. 前記エチレン含有率が少なくとも51重量%である、請求項1又は2に記載のコポリマー。 3. Copolymer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the ethylene content is at least 51% by weight. 前記C~C20α-オレフィンがプロピレンである、請求項1又は2に記載のコポリマー。 A copolymer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein said C 3 -C 20 α-olefin is propylene. 前記コポリマーが1~5の増粘効率及び1~55のSSIを有する、請求項1又は2に記載のコポリマー。 3. The copolymer of claim 1 or 2, wherein said copolymer has a thickening efficiency of 1-5 and an SSI of 1-55. 前記Mw(DRI)/Mn(DRI)が1.7未満である、請求項1又は2に記載のコポリマー。 3. The copolymer of claim 1 or 2, wherein the Mw(DRI)/Mn(DRI) is less than 1.7. 前記Mw(DRI)/Mn(DRI)が1.6以下である、請求項1又は2に記載のコポリマー。 3. The copolymer of claim 1 or 2, wherein the Mw(DRI)/Mn(DRI) is 1.6 or less. 前記Mw(DRI)/Mn(DRI)が1.40でも1.48でもない、請求項1又は2に記載のコポリマー。 3. The copolymer of claim 1 or 2, wherein said Mw(DRI)/Mn(DRI) is neither 1.40 nor 1.48. 前記Mw(DRI)/Mn(DRI)が1.4未満である、請求項1又は2に記載のコポリマー。 3. The copolymer of claim 1 or 2, wherein the Mw(DRI)/Mn(DRI) is less than 1.4. 油及び請求項1又は2に記載のコポリマーを含む潤滑組成物。 A lubricating composition comprising an oil and a copolymer according to claim 1 or 2. 記コポリマーが前記油の100℃での動粘度を少なくとも50%上昇させる、請求項11に記載の潤滑組成物。 12. The lubricating composition of claim 11, wherein said copolymer increases the kinematic viscosity of said oil at 100[deg.]C by at least 50%. 前記油がポリα-オレフィンを含む、請求項11又は12に記載の潤滑組成物。 A lubricating composition according to claim 11 or 12, wherein said oil comprises a polyalphaolefin. .1重量%~12重量%の前記コポリマーを含む、請求項11又は12に記載の潤滑組成物。 0 . A lubricating composition according to claim 11 or 12, comprising from 1% to 12% by weight of said copolymer . 流動点降下剤、摩耗防止剤、酸化防止剤、他の粘度指数向上剤、分散剤、腐食防止剤、消泡剤、洗浄剤、錆防止剤、及び摩擦調整剤からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の添加剤を含む、請求項11又は12に記載の潤滑組成物。 At least one selected from the group consisting of pour point depressants, antiwear agents, antioxidants, other viscosity index improvers, dispersants, corrosion inhibitors, antifoam agents, detergents, rust inhibitors, and friction modifiers. 13. A lubricating composition according to claim 11 or 12, comprising one additive . .1重量~1重量%の前記コポリマー;0重量~5重量%の腐食防止剤、0.01重量~5重量%の酸化防止剤、0.01重量~5重量%の流動点降下剤、0重量~1重量%の消泡剤、0.01重量~6重量%の摩耗防止剤、0.01重量~1重量%の摩擦調整剤、0.01重量~8重量%の洗浄剤、0.1重量~2重量%の分散剤、及び0.25重量~1重量%の別の粘度向上剤からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の添加剤;並びに基油を含む、請求項11又は12に記載の潤滑組成物。 0 . 1 % to 12% by weight of said copolymer ; 0% to 5% by weight of corrosion inhibitor ; 01 % to 5% by weight of antioxidants , 0 . 01 wt % to 5 wt % pour point depressant , 0 wt % to 1 wt % defoamer , 0 . 01 wt % to 6 wt % antiwear agent , 0 . 01% to 15% by weight friction modifier , 0.01% to 15% by weight ; 01 % to 8% by weight detergent ; 1 wt % to 20 wt % dispersant, and 0 . 13. A lubricating composition according to claim 11 or 12, comprising from 25 % to 10 % by weight of at least one additive selected from the group consisting of another viscosity improver; and a base oil. .5重量~1重量%の前記コポリマー;0重量~1.5重量%の腐食防止剤、0.1重量~2重量%の酸化防止剤、0.1重量~1.5重量%の流動点降下剤、0.001重量~0.2重量%の消泡剤、0.01重量~4重量%の摩耗防止剤、0.01重量~5重量%の摩擦調整剤、0.01重量~4重量%の洗浄剤、0.1重量~8重量%の分散剤、及び0.25重量~5重量%の別の粘度向上剤からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種の添加剤;並びに基油を含む、請求項11又は12に記載の潤滑組成物。 0 . 5 wt % to 12 wt % of said copolymer ; 0 wt % to 1 . 5% by weight corrosion inhibitor , 0.5 % by weight; 1 % to 2% by weight antioxidant , 0 . 1% by weight to 1.0 % by weight. 5 wt % pour point depressant , 0 . 001% by weight to 0.001 % by weight. 2% by weight of antifoam agent , 0.2 % by weight; 01 % to 4% by weight antiwear agent , 0 . 01 wt % to 5 wt % friction modifier , 0 . 01 % to 4% by weight detergent ; 1 % to 8% by weight of dispersant, and 0 . 13. A lubricating composition according to claim 11 or 12, comprising from 25 % to 5% by weight of at least one additive selected from the group consisting of another viscosity improver; and a base oil.
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