図中の要素の説明は、別段の指示がない限り、他の図中の対応する要素に等しく適用されるものと理解されたい。具体的な実施形態を本明細書において例示し記述したが、様々な代替及び／又は同等の実施により、図示及び記載した具体的な実施形態を、本開示の範囲を逸脱することなく置き換え可能であることが、当業者には理解されよう。本出願は、本明細書において説明した具体的な実施形態のあらゆる適合例又は変形例を包含することを意図する。したがって、本開示は、特許請求の範囲及びその同等物によってのみ限定されるものとする。以下に、例示的実施形態を示す。
［項目１］
光学システムであって、
少なくとも１つの湾曲した主表面を有する１つ以上の光学レンズと、
部分反射体と、
反射型偏光子と、を備え、少なくとも約４５０ｎｍ～約６００ｎｍにわたる所定の波長範囲内の実質的に垂直に入射する光に対して、
前記部分反射体は、少なくとも３０％の平均光反射率を有し、
前記反射型偏光子は、第１の偏光状態の平均光反射率Ｒｓと、直交する第２の偏光状態の平均光透過率Ｔｐと、前記第２の偏光状態の平均光反射率Ｒｐと、を有し、Ｔｐ≧８０％、Ｒｐ≦１％、及び５０％≦Ｒｓ≦９５％である、
光学システム。
［項目２］
前記反射型偏光子は、主に光干渉によって光を反射及び透過する複数の干渉層を含み、前記所定の波長範囲内の実質的に垂直に入射する光に対して、前記複数の干渉層は、５０％～９５％の範囲内の前記第１の偏光状態の平均光反射率と、少なくとも８０％の前記第２の偏光状態の平均光透過率と、１％以下の前記第２の偏光状態の平均光反射率と、を有する、項目１に記載の光学システム。
［項目３］
前記所定の波長範囲内の実質的に垂直に入射する光に対して、前記反射型偏光子は、約１０％未満の平均光透過率Ｔｓを有する、項目１又は２に記載の光学システム。
［項目４］
前記光学システムの出射面に近接して位置する観察者に画像を表示するように構成されており、１ミリメートル当たり約１ライン対未満の空間周波数を含むオブジェクトから前記光学システムに入射し、かつ光の出射円錐として前記出射面を通って前記光学システムを出射する、少なくとも１０度の全円錐角を有する光の入射円錐について、前記光の出射円錐が前記出射面に近接して結像されるときに、前記画像は、複数の交互の明るい領域及び暗い領域を有し、Ｉｂは、前記明るい領域の中央９０％の平均輝度であり、Ｉｄは、前記暗い領域の中央９０％の平均輝度であり、Ｉｂ／Ｉｄ≧５０である、項目１～３のいずれか一項に記載の光学システム。
［項目５］
前記反射型偏光子は、複数の交互の第１のポリマー層と第２のポリマー層とを含み、各ポリマー層は、約５００ｎｍ未満の平均厚さを有し、少なくとも約４５０ｎｍ～約６００ｎｍにわたる所定の波長範囲内の実質的に垂直に入射する光に対して、前記第２のポリマー層の最大屈折率は、前記第１のポリマー層の最大屈折率よりも大きく、前記第２のポリマー層の前記最大屈折率と前記第１のポリマー層の最小屈折率との差は、約０．３未満である、項目１～４のいずれか一項に記載の光学システム。
［項目６］
前記反射型偏光子は、複数の交互の第１のポリマー層と第２のポリマー層とを含み、
各第１及び第２のポリマー層は、約５００ｎｍ未満の平均厚さを有し、隣接する第１及び第２のポリマー層の各対について、
前記第１の層は、前記第１の偏光状態に沿った屈折率ｎ１ｘと、前記第２の偏光状態に沿った屈折率ｎ１ｙと、前記第１及び第２の偏光状態に直交するｚ軸に沿った屈折率ｎ１ｚと、を有し、
前記第２の層は、前記第１の偏光状態に沿った屈折率ｎ２ｘと、前記第２の偏光状態に沿った屈折率ｎ２ｙと、前記ｚ軸に沿った屈折率ｎ２ｚと、を有し、少なくとも約４５０ｎｍ～約６００ｎｍにわたる所定の波長範囲内の少なくとも１つの波長に対して、
ｎ１ｘとｎ１ｙとｎ１ｚとの間の最大差は、約０．００２未満であり、
ｎ２ｘとｎ１ｘとの差は、約０．２よりも大きい、
項目１～４のいずれか一項に記載の光学システム。
［項目７］
光学システムであって、
１つ以上の光学レンズと、
前記１つ以上の光学レンズの湾曲した主表面上に配置され、前記１つ以上の光学レンズの湾曲した主表面に適合する部分反射体と、
前記１つ以上の光学レンズの主表面上に配置され、前記１つ以上の光学レンズの主表面に適合し、かつ複数のポリマー層を含む反射型偏光子であって、各ポリマー層は、約５００ｎｍ未満の平均厚さを有し、少なくとも約４５０ｎｍ～約６００ｎｍにわたる所定の波長範囲内の実質的に垂直に入射する光に対して、
前記部分反射体は、少なくとも３０％の平均光反射率を有し、
前記複数のポリマー層は、５０％≦Ｒｓ≦９５％である、第１の偏光状態の平均光反射率Ｒｓと、Ｔｐ≧８０％である、直交する第２の偏光状態の平均光透過率Ｔｐと、を有する、反射型偏光子と、
出射面であって、前記光学システムは、前記出射面に近接して位置する観察者に画像を表示するように構成されている、出射面と、を備え、
１ミリメートル当たり約１ライン対未満の空間周波数を含むオブジェクトから前記光学システムに入射し、かつ光の出射円錐として前記出射面を通って前記光学システムを出射する、少なくとも１０度の全円錐角を有する光の入射円錐について、前記光の出射円錐が前記出射面に近接して結像されるときに、前記画像は、複数の交互の明るい領域及び暗い領域を有し、Ｉｂは、前記明るい領域の中央５０％領域の平均輝度であり、Ｉｄは、前記暗い領域の中央５０％領域の平均輝度であり、Ｉｂ／Ｉｄ≧５０である、
光学システム。
［項目８］
前記明るい領域の各中央５０％領域は、前記明るい領域の面積の約５０％の面積を有する明るい領域の内部領域であり、前記暗い領域の各中央５０％領域は、前記暗い領域の面積の約５０％の面積を有する暗い領域の内部領域である、項目７に記載の光学システム。
［項目９］
前記光の入射円錐は、少なくとも５２０ｎｍ～５７０ｎｍの波長を含み、Ｉｂ／Ｉｄ≧７２である、項目７又は８に記載の光学システム。
［項目１０］
前記複数のポリマー層は、複数の交互の第１のポリマー層と第２のポリマー層とを含み、隣接する第１及び第２のポリマー層の各対について、
前記第１の層は、前記第１の偏光状態に沿った屈折率ｎ１ｘと、前記第２の偏光状態に沿った屈折率ｎ１ｙと、前記第１及び第２の偏光状態に直交するｚ軸に沿った屈折率ｎ１ｚと、を有し、
前記第２の層は、前記第１の偏光状態に沿った屈折率ｎ２ｘと、前記第２の偏光状態に沿った屈折率ｎ２ｙと、前記ｚ軸に沿った屈折率ｎ２ｚと、を有し、少なくとも約４５０ｎｍ～約６００ｎｍにわたる所定の波長範囲内の少なくとも１つの波長に対して、
ｎ１ｘとｎ１ｙとｎ１ｚとの間の最大差は、約０．００２未満であり、
ｎ２ｘとｎ１ｘとの差は、約０．２よりも大きい、
項目７～９のいずれか一項に記載の光学システム。
［項目１１］
２００～５００の数の複数の交互の第１のポリマー層と第２のポリマー層とを含む光学フィルムであって、
各第１及び第２のポリマー層は、約５００ｎｍ未満の平均厚さを有し、隣接する第１及び第２のポリマー層の各対について、
前記第１の層は、前記光学フィルムの平面内の第１の軸に沿った屈折率ｎ１ｘと、前記光学フィルムの前記平面内の直交する第２の軸に沿った屈折率ｎ１ｙと、前記第１及び第２の軸に直交するｚ軸に沿った屈折率ｎ１ｚと、を有し、
前記第２の層は、前記第１の軸に沿った屈折率ｎ２ｘと、前記第２の軸に沿った屈折率ｎ２ｙと、前記ｚ軸に沿った屈折率ｎ２ｚと、を有し、少なくとも約４５０ｎｍ～約６００ｎｍにわたる所定の波長範囲内の少なくとも１つの波長に対して、
ｎ１ｘとｎ１ｙとｎ１ｚとの間の最大差は、約０．００２未満であり、
ｎ２ｘとｎ１ｘとの差は、約０．２よりも大きく、
前記所定の波長範囲内の前記少なくとも１つの波長を有する実質的に垂直に入射する光に対して、前記複数の交互の第１及び第２のポリマー層は、前記第１の軸に沿った第１の偏光状態の平均光反射率Ｒｓと、前記第２の軸に沿った第２の偏光状態の平均光透過率Ｔｐ及び平均光反射率Ｒｐと、を有し、Ｔｐ≧８０％、Ｒｐ≦０．２５％、及び８０％≦Ｒｓ≦９５％である、
光学フィルム。
［項目１２］
前記所定の波長範囲内の前記少なくとも１つの波長について、ｎ２ｙとｎ２ｚとの差は、約０．００２よりも大きく、かつ約０．００８未満である、項目１１に記載の光学フィルム。
［項目１３］
前記所定の波長範囲内の前記少なくとも１つの波長について、ｎ２ｘとｎ１ｘとの差は、約０．２２～約０．２８の範囲内である、項目１１又は１２に記載の光学フィルム。
［項目１４］
光学システムであって、
１つ以上の光学レンズと、
前記１つ以上の光学レンズの湾曲した主表面上に配置され、前記１つ以上の光学レンズの湾曲した主表面に適合する部分反射体と、
前記１つ以上の光学レンズの主表面上に配置され、前記１つ以上の光学レンズの主表面に適合し、かつ複数の交互の第１のポリマー層と第２のポリマー層とを含む反射型偏光子であって、各ポリマー層は、約５００ｎｍ未満の平均厚さを有し、少なくとも約４５０ｎｍ～約６００ｎｍにわたる所定の波長範囲内の実質的に垂直に入射する光に対して、
前記部分反射体は、少なくとも３０％の平均光反射率を有し、
前記第２のポリマー層の最大屈折率は、前記第１のポリマー層の最大屈折率よりも大きく、前記第２のポリマー層の前記最大屈折率と前記第１のポリマー層の最小屈折率との差は、約０．３未満である、反射型偏光子と、
出射面であって、前記光学システムは、前記出射面に近接して位置する観察者に画像を表示するように構成されている、出射面と、を備え、
１ミリメートル当たり約１ライン対未満の空間周波数を含むオブジェクトから前記光学システムに入射し、かつ光の出射円錐として前記出射面を通って前記光学システムを出射する、少なくとも１０度の全円錐角を有する光の入射円錐について、前記光の出射円錐が前記出射面に近接して結像されるときに、前記画像は、複数の交互の明るい領域及び暗い領域を有し、Ｉｂは、前記明るい領域の中央５０％領域の平均輝度であり、Ｉｄは、前記暗い領域の中央５０％領域の平均輝度であり、Ｉｂ／Ｉｄ≧５０である、
光学システム。
［項目１５］
前記第２のポリマー層の前記最大屈折率と前記第１のポリマー層の前記最小屈折率との前記差は、約０．２８未満である、項目１４に記載の光学システム。
It should be understood that the description of an element in a figure applies equally to the corresponding elements in other figures, unless otherwise indicated. Although specific embodiments have been exemplified and described herein, various alternatives and / or equivalent embodiments can replace the illustrated and described specific embodiments without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. Those skilled in the art will understand that there is. This application is intended to include all conformances or variations of the specific embodiments described herein. Therefore, this disclosure is limited only by the scope of claims and their equivalents. An exemplary embodiment is shown below.
[Item 1]
It ’s an optical system,
With one or more optical lenses with at least one curved main surface,
Partial reflector and
With a reflective polarizing element, for light incident substantially vertically within a predetermined wavelength range over at least about 450 nm to about 600 nm.
The partial reflector has an average light reflectance of at least 30% and has an average light reflectance of at least 30%.
The reflective polarizing element has an average light reflectance Rs in a first polarized state, an average light transmittance Tp in a second polarized state orthogonal to each other, and an average light reflectance Rp in the second polarized state. It has Tp ≧ 80%, Rp ≦ 1%, and 50% ≦ Rs ≦ 95%.
Optical system.
[Item 2]
The reflective polarizing element includes a plurality of interference layers that reflect and transmit light mainly by optical interference, and the plurality of interference layers are provided with respect to light that is substantially vertically incident within the predetermined wavelength range. , The average light reflectance of the first polarized state in the range of 50% to 95%, the average light transmission of at least 80% of the second polarized state, and the second polarized state of 1% or less. The optical system according to item 1, which has an average light reflectance of 1.
[Item 3]
The optical system according to item 1 or 2, wherein the reflective polarizing element has an average light transmittance Ts of less than about 10% with respect to light incident substantially perpendicularly within the predetermined wavelength range.
[Item 4]
It is configured to display an image to an observer located close to the emission surface of the optical system, incident on the optical system from an object containing less than about one line pair of spatial frequencies per millimeter, and light. When the light emission cone is imaged in close proximity to the emission surface of an incident cone of light having a total conical angle of at least 10 degrees that exits the optical system through the emission surface as the emission cone of the light. In addition, the image has a plurality of alternating bright and dark areas, where Ib is the average brightness of 90% of the center of the bright area and Id is the average brightness of 90% of the center of the dark area. , Ib / Id ≧ 50, the optical system according to any one of items 1 to 3.
[Item 5]
The reflective deflector comprises a plurality of alternating first and second polymer layers, each polymer layer having an average thickness of less than about 500 nm and a predetermined range of at least about 450 nm to about 600 nm. The maximum refractive index of the second polymer layer is larger than the maximum refractive index of the first polymer layer with respect to light incident substantially perpendicularly within the wavelength range of the second polymer layer. The optical system according to any one of items 1 to 4, wherein the difference between the maximum refractive index and the minimum refractive index of the first polymer layer is less than about 0.3.
[Item 6]
The reflective polarizing element includes a plurality of alternating first polymer layers and a second polymer layer.
Each first and second polymer layer has an average thickness of less than about 500 nm, for each pair of adjacent first and second polymer layers.
The first layer has a refractive index n1x along the first polarization state, a refractive index n1y along the second polarization state, and a z-axis orthogonal to the first and second polarization states. With a refractive index of n1z, along
The second layer has a refractive index n2x along the first polarization state, a refractive index n2y along the second polarization state, and a refractive index n2z along the z-axis. For at least one wavelength within a predetermined wavelength range ranging from at least about 450 nm to about 600 nm
The maximum difference between n1x, n1y and n1z is less than about 0.002.
The difference between n2x and n1x is greater than about 0.2.
The optical system according to any one of items 1 to 4.
[Item 7]
It ’s an optical system,
With one or more optical lenses
A partial reflector that is placed on the curved main surface of the one or more optical lenses and fits the curved main surface of the one or more optical lenses.
A reflective polarizing element that is disposed on the main surface of the one or more optical lenses, is compatible with the main surface of the one or more optical lenses, and contains a plurality of polymer layers, each polymer layer being about. For light having an average thickness of less than 500 nm and incident substantially vertically within a predetermined wavelength range of at least about 450 nm to about 600 nm.
The partial reflector has an average light reflectance of at least 30% and has an average light reflectance of at least 30%.
The plurality of polymer layers have an average light reflectance Rs in the first polarized state of 50% ≦ Rs ≦ 95% and an average light transmittance Tp of the second orthogonal polarized state having Tp ≧ 80%. And, with a reflective modulator,
An emission surface, wherein the optical system comprises an emission surface, which is configured to display an image to an observer located in close proximity to the emission surface.
It has a total conical angle of at least 10 degrees that is incident on the optical system from an object containing less than about one pair of spatial frequencies per millimeter and exits the optical system through the emission surface as an emission cone of light. For an incident cone of light, when the emitting cone of light is imaged in close proximity to the emitting surface, the image has a plurality of alternating bright and dark regions, where Ib is the bright region. It is the average brightness of the central 50% region, and Id is the average brightness of the central 50% region of the dark region, and Ib / Id ≧ 50.
Optical system.
[Item 8]
Each central 50% region of the bright region is an internal region of a bright region having an area of about 50% of the area of the bright region, and each central 50% region of the dark region is about about 50% of the area of the dark region. Item 7. The optical system according to item 7, which is an internal area of a dark area having an area of 50%.
[Item 9]
The optical system of item 7 or 8, wherein the incident cone of light comprises a wavelength of at least 520 nm to 570 nm and Ib / Id ≧ 72.
[Item 10]
The plurality of polymer layers include a plurality of alternating first and second polymer layers, with respect to each pair of adjacent first and second polymer layers.
The first layer has a refractive index n1x along the first polarization state, a refractive index n1y along the second polarization state, and a z-axis orthogonal to the first and second polarization states. With a refractive index of n1z, along
The second layer has a refractive index n2x along the first polarization state, a refractive index n2y along the second polarization state, and a refractive index n2z along the z-axis. For at least one wavelength within a predetermined wavelength range ranging from at least about 450 nm to about 600 nm
The maximum difference between n1x, n1y and n1z is less than about 0.002.
The difference between n2x and n1x is greater than about 0.2.
The optical system according to any one of items 7 to 9.
[Item 11]
An optical film comprising a plurality of alternating first and second polymer layers in the number 200-500.
Each first and second polymer layer has an average thickness of less than about 500 nm, for each pair of adjacent first and second polymer layers.
The first layer has a refractive index n1x along a first axis in the plane of the optical film, a refractive index n1y along an orthogonal second axis in the plane of the optical film, and the first layer. It has a refractive index n1z along the z-axis orthogonal to the first and second axes.
The second layer has a refractive index n2x along the first axis, a refractive index n2y along the second axis, and a refractive index n2z along the z-axis, at least about about. For at least one wavelength within a predetermined wavelength range from 450 nm to about 600 nm
The maximum difference between n1x, n1y and n1z is less than about 0.002.
The difference between n2x and n1x is greater than about 0.2,
The plurality of alternating first and second polymer layers are directed along the first axis with respect to light incident substantially perpendicularly having the at least one wavelength within the predetermined wavelength range. It has an average light reflectance Rs of 1 polarized state, an average light transmittance Tp and an average light reflectance Rp of the second polarized state along the second axis, and has Tp ≧ 80% and Rp ≦. 0.25% and 80% ≤ Rs ≤ 95%.
Optical film.
[Item 12]
The optical film according to item 11, wherein the difference between n2y and n2z is greater than about 0.002 and less than about 0.008 for at least one wavelength within the predetermined wavelength range.
[Item 13]
The optical film according to item 11 or 12, wherein the difference between n2x and n1x is in the range of about 0.22 to about 0.28 for the at least one wavelength within the predetermined wavelength range.
[Item 14]
It ’s an optical system,
With one or more optical lenses
A partial reflector that is placed on the curved main surface of the one or more optical lenses and fits the curved main surface of the one or more optical lenses.
Reflective type arranged on the main surface of the one or more optical lenses, fitted to the main surface of the one or more optical lenses, and comprising a plurality of alternating first and second polymer layers. A polarizing element, each polymer layer having an average thickness of less than about 500 nm and with respect to light incident substantially perpendicularly within a predetermined wavelength range ranging from at least about 450 nm to about 600 nm.
The partial reflector has an average light reflectance of at least 30% and has an average light reflectance of at least 30%.
The maximum refractive index of the second polymer layer is larger than the maximum refractive index of the first polymer layer, which is the maximum refractive index of the second polymer layer and the minimum refractive index of the first polymer layer. The difference is less than about 0.3, with the reflective deflector,
An emission surface, wherein the optical system comprises an emission surface, which is configured to display an image to an observer located in close proximity to the emission surface.
It has a total conical angle of at least 10 degrees that is incident on the optical system from an object containing less than about one pair of spatial frequencies per millimeter and exits the optical system through the emission surface as an emission cone of light. For an incident cone of light, when the emitting cone of light is imaged in close proximity to the emitting surface, the image has a plurality of alternating bright and dark regions, where Ib is the bright region. It is the average brightness of the central 50% region, and Id is the average brightness of the central 50% region of the dark region, and Ib / Id ≧ 50.
Optical system.
[Item 15]
The optical system according to item 14, wherein the difference between the maximum refractive index of the second polymer layer and the minimum refractive index of the first polymer layer is less than about 0.28.