JPWO2018116897A1 - Head-up display device - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided is a head-up display device capable of suppressing a decrease in appearance of a three-dimensional virtual image. The HUD device 10 includes a display unit 11 including a display 11a that emits video light L2, a screen 11b that receives the video light L2 from the display 11a and generates display images O1 and O2, and a screen 11b. A drive unit 12 that moves the positions of the display images O1 and O2 by reciprocating along the optical axis direction of the image light L2, and a medium of a different size at a different position according to the position of the display images O1 and O2. An optical member 13 that is an example of a first optical system that generates the images M1 and M2 based on the display light L1 related to the display images O1 and O2, and the display light L3 that represents the intermediate images M1 and M2 are guided to the windshield 2. And a concave mirror 14 as an example of a second optical system for displaying the virtual images I1 and I2 and eventually the three-dimensional virtual image V.

Description

  The present invention relates to a head-up display device.

  Conventionally, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, for example, a head-up display (HUD) device that displays a virtual image so as to be superimposed on a real scene is known. For example, as schematically illustrated in FIG. 7, the HUD device includes a projector 110 that emits image light representing an image, and a diffuser 111 that receives the image light from the projector 110 and forms display images O1 and O2. The optical system 120 including lenses, mirrors, and the like, and the projector 110 and the diffuser 111 are linearly moved to display the virtual images I1 and I2 by guiding the display light L representing the display images O1 and O2 to the windshield 102. An actuator. A three-dimensional virtual image can be displayed by moving the virtual images I1 and I2 in the depth direction viewed from the user by the linear movement of the projector 110.

JP 2014-181025 A

In the HUD device described in Patent Document 1, since the projector 110 and the diffuser 111 linearly move, the distance from the optical system 120 to the display images O1 and O2 changes. The distance from the viewer's viewpoint 3 to the virtual images I1 and I2 and the sizes of the virtual images I1 and I2 change according to the change in the distance. For this reason, it is conceivable to adjust the sizes of the display images O1 and O2 in advance in order to keep the angle of view α of the virtual images I1 and I2 viewed from the viewpoint 3 constant.
In the example of FIG. 7, the display image O1 indicated by the solid line when the diffuser 111 is located near the optical system 120 is larger than the display image O2 indicated by the broken line when the diffuser 111 is located far from the optical system 120. Formed with. Thereby, the field angle α of the virtual image I1 corresponding to the display image O1 and the field angle α of the virtual image I2 corresponding to the display image O2 can be made the same.
However, in this case, as schematically shown in FIG. 8, the display image O2 displays an image with a smaller number of pixels E than the display image O1, and as a result, the display image O2 is an enlarged virtual image. The resolution of I2 is lower than the resolution of the virtual image I1 obtained by enlarging the display image O1. As described above, since the resolution of the virtual image varies depending on the position of the virtual image, there is a concern that the appearance of the three-dimensional virtual image formed by these virtual images is deteriorated. Such a problem may occur not only when the angles of view α of the virtual images I1 and I2 are the same, but also when the angles of view α are different.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described actual situation, and an object of the present invention is to provide a head-up display device capable of suppressing a decrease in appearance of a three-dimensional virtual image.

  To achieve the above object, a head-up display device according to the present invention includes a display unit that emits video light, and a screen that receives the video light from the display unit and generates a display image. And a drive unit that moves the position of the display image by reciprocating the screen along the optical axis direction of the image light, and a medium of a different size at a different position according to the position of the display image. A first optical system that generates an image based on display light representing the display image; and a second optical system that displays a virtual image by guiding display light representing the intermediate image to a projection member.

  According to this invention, it can suppress that the appearance of a three-dimensional virtual image falls.

It is the schematic of the head-up display apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. (A) which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention is schematic which shows a display unit when a screen exists in a 1st position, (b) is a display unit when a screen exists in a 2nd position. FIG. It is the schematic which shows the three-dimensional virtual image seen from the viewer which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is a front view of the screen which shows schematically the pixel of the display image concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is the schematic which shows the display image which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention, and the intermediate image which an optical member produces | generates based on the display image. It is the schematic which shows the intermediate image which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention, and the virtual image which a typical synthetic lens produces | generates based on the display image. It is the schematic of the head-up display apparatus which concerns on background art. It is a front view of the screen which shows schematically the pixel of the display image concerning one embodiment of the present invention.

  Hereinafter, a head-up display (HUD) device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the HUD device 10 is built in a dashboard (not shown) of the vehicle 1, generates display light La representing an image, and directs the generated display light La toward a windshield 2 that is an example of a projection member. And exit. The display light La is reflected by the windshield 2 and then reaches the viewpoint 3 of the viewer (mainly the driver of the vehicle 1). Thereby, the viewer can visually recognize the three-dimensional virtual image V formed in front of the windshield 2 as illustrated in FIG. 3. The three-dimensional virtual image V may have any shape as long as it has a depth when viewed from the viewer. The three-dimensional virtual image V may be used for presenting any information such as road information and vehicle information.

  Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1, the HUD device 10 includes a display unit 11, an optical member 13 that is an example of a first optical system, a concave mirror 14 that is an example of a second optical system, and a drive unit. 12 and a control unit 50.

  The display unit 11 emits display light L1 representing the display images O1 and O2 to the optical member 13 and reciprocates along the optical axis (left and right direction in FIG. 1) of the display light L1 by the drive unit 12. The virtual image V can be displayed three-dimensionally by the reciprocating motion of the display unit 11.

In detail, as shown to Fig.2 (a), the indicator unit 11 is provided with the indicator 11a, the screen 11b, and the housing | casing 11c.
The display 11 a is a projector that emits video light L <b> 2 representing video included in the video signal based on the video signal input from the control unit 50. The screen 11b is a diffusion film made of polycarbonate, for example, and is a translucent film that diffuses the image of the display 11a in a certain angle range. The screen 11b receives the image light L2 from the display 11a, forms display images O1 and O2, and emits display light L1 representing the display images O1 and O2 to the optical member 13. The housing 11c has a box shape having an opening through which the display light L1 passes, and a display 11a and a screen 11b are fixedly provided inside the housing 11c.

  As shown in FIG. 2A, the drive unit 12 reciprocates the display unit 11 along the optical axis of the display light L1, for example, under the control of the control unit 50. Specifically, the drive unit 12 includes a motor 12 a and a conversion mechanism 12 b that converts the rotational motion of the motor 12 a into a linear reciprocating motion and transmits the converted reciprocating motion to the display unit 11. The conversion mechanism 12b includes, for example, a disc cam (not shown) that rotates eccentrically by the motor 12a, and a contact (not shown) that contacts the peripheral surface of the disc cam. This contact is biased to the circumferential surface of the disc cam by a spring (not shown). This linear reciprocation of the contact is transmitted to the display unit 11.

  As shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, the screen 11b is driven by the drive unit 12 between a first position P1 and a second position P2 farther from the optical member 13 than the first position P1. Reciprocate between them. The display image O1 is displayed on the screen 11b at the first position P1, and the display image O2 is displayed on the screen 11b at the second position P2. As schematically shown in FIG. 4, the sizes of the display images O1 and O2 are substantially the same, and the display images O1 and O2 have the same number of pixels E. In this example, the display images O1 and O2 represent images having the same content. Note that this substantially the same includes a range in which the sizes of the display images O1 and O2 are different in order to correct image distortion due to the curved surface of the concave mirror 14 or the windshield 2.

  Although the optical member 13 is schematically illustrated by one lens in FIG. 1 and the like, it is actually composed of a thin lens obtained by synthesizing a plurality of lenses (not shown). The optical member 13 generates intermediate images M1 and M2 obtained by enlarging the display images O1 and O2 of the display unit 11 at different magnifications on the concave mirror 14 side. Detailed generation modes of the intermediate images M1 and M2 will be described later.

  The concave mirror 14 reflects the display light L3 representing the intermediate images M1 and M2 toward the windshield 2. The concave mirror 14 has a function of correcting image distortion due to the curved shape of the windshield 2 and a function of enlarging the intermediate images M1 and M2. The concave mirror 14 includes, for example, a substrate made of polycarbonate resin and a reflection mirror made of metal such as aluminum formed on the substrate.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the windshield 2 reflects the display light La representing the intermediate images M <b> 1 and M <b> 2 from the concave mirror 14 toward the viewer's viewpoint 3. Thereby, the virtual image I1 in which the intermediate image M1 is enlarged and the virtual image I2 in which the intermediate image M2 is enlarged are displayed. The virtual image I2 is located farther from the viewer than the virtual image I1. Further, the size of the virtual image I2 is set larger than that of the virtual image I1 so that the angles of view α of the virtual images I1 and I2 are the same. As schematically shown in FIG. 1, since the pixel angles β of the unit pixels Ev in the virtual images I1 and I2 are the same, the image resolutions in the virtual images I1 and I2 are the same. This pixel angle β is an angle between two line segments connecting the viewpoint 3 and both ends of the unit pixel Ev.

  The control unit 50 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a graphic controller, and the like. The control unit 50 can serially communicate with another unit such as an in-vehicle ECU (Electronic Control Unit), for example, generates a video signal based on information from the other unit, and sends the video signal to the display 11a. By outputting, the image light L2 is emitted from the display 11a. Further, the control unit 50 drives the motor 12a of the drive unit 12 to reciprocate the display unit 11, and thus the screen 11b, and the display images O1 and O2.

Next, how the intermediate images M1 and M2 and the virtual images I1 and I2 are generated will be described.
As shown in FIG. 5, the optical member 13 has an object-side focal point Fi located on the display image O1, O2 side, and an image-side focal point F′i located on the opposite side of the display images O1, O2. Since the display images O1 and O2 are located farther from the optical member 13 than the object-side focal point Fi, the intermediate images M1 and M2 are real images. From the geometric optics formula, the closer the display images O1 and O2 are to the object-side focal point Fi, the larger the lateral magnification in the display images O1 and O2. Therefore, since the display image O1 is enlarged at a larger lateral magnification than the display image O2, the size of the intermediate image M1 corresponding to the display image O1 becomes larger than the intermediate image M2 corresponding to the display image O2.
Further, the closer the display images O1 and O2 are to the object-side focal point Fi, the greater the distance from the optical member 13 to the intermediate images M1 and M2. In this example, since the display image O1 is closer to the optical member 13 than the display image O2, the intermediate image M1 is located farther from the optical member 13 than the intermediate image M2.

  FIG. 6 shows a schematic synthetic lens 13L in which the concave mirror 14 and the windshield 2 are optically synthesized. Usually, the windshield 2 has a large radius of curvature and can be regarded as almost flat glass. Therefore, the optical characteristic of the schematic synthetic lens 13L is almost determined by the concave mirror 14. That is, the focal positions of the schematic synthetic lens 13L and the concave mirror 14 are substantially the same.

As shown in FIG. 6, the schematic synthetic lens 13 </ b> L has a focal point F ′ <b> 1 located on the viewer's viewpoint 3 side and a focal point F <b> 1 located on the opposite side of the viewpoint 3. Since the intermediate images M1 and M2 are located on the schematic synthetic lens 13L side from the focal point F1, the schematic synthetic lens 13L forms virtual images I1 and I2. As the intermediate images M1 and M2 approach the focal point F1, the virtual images I1 and I2 are generated at positions away from the schematic combining lens 13L and with a large lateral magnification. Therefore, in this example, the intermediate image M2 is located closer to the focal point F1 than the intermediate image M1. For this reason, the virtual image I2 corresponding to the intermediate image M2 is located at a position farther from the schematic synthetic lens 13L than the virtual image I1 corresponding to the intermediate image M1, and the virtual image I1 and the angle of view α are the same at that position. A size larger than I1 is displayed.
The HUD device 10, for example, the concave mirror 14 and the optical member 13, is designed so that the intermediate images M1 and M2 and the virtual images I1 and I2 are generated as described above.

  Although the light beam and the image viewed from the width direction of the vehicle 1 have been described above, the light beam and the image viewed from the height direction of the vehicle 1 have the same configuration and function in the same manner.

(effect)
As mentioned above, according to one Embodiment described, there exist the following effects.

(1) The HUD device 10 includes a display unit 11 including a display 11a that emits video light L2, and a screen 11b that receives the video light L2 from the display 11a and generates display images O1 and O2. The screen 11b is reciprocated along the optical axis direction of the image light L2, and the drive unit 12 moves the positions of the display images O1 and O2, and the positions differ depending on the positions of the display images O1 and O2. An optical member 13 which is an example of a first optical system that generates intermediate-sized images M1 and M2 based on display light L1 representing display images O1 and O2, and display light L3 representing intermediate images M1 and M2 is windshield 2 And a concave mirror 14 that is an example of a second optical system that displays the virtual images I1 and I2 and eventually the three-dimensional virtual image V.
According to this configuration, the optical member 13 generates the intermediate images M1 and M2 based on the display images O1 and O2, and adjusts the positions and sizes of the intermediate images M1 and M2 at this time. Therefore, since it is not necessary to adjust the sizes of the display images O1 and O2 according to the virtual images I1 and I2, it is suppressed that the image resolutions of the virtual images I1 and I2 are different, and the appearance of the three-dimensional virtual image V is reduced. Can be suppressed.

(2) The drive unit 12 moves the display images O1 and O2 between the first position P1 and the second position P2 farther from the optical member 13 than the first position P1. The optical member 13 generates the first intermediate image M1 when the display image O1 is at the first position P1, and has a size larger than that of the first intermediate image M1 when the display image O2 is at the second position P2. A second intermediate image M2 that is smaller and located closer to the optical member 13 than the first intermediate image M1 is generated. The concave mirror 14 displays the first virtual image I1 by guiding the display light L3 representing the first intermediate image M1 to the windshield 2, and guides the display light L3 representing the second intermediate image M2 to the windshield 2. Thus, the second virtual image I2 is larger in size than the first virtual image I1 and located farther from the windshield 2 than the first virtual image I1 so that the angle of view α is the same as the first virtual image I1. Is displayed.
According to this configuration, even when the field angles α of the virtual images I1 and I2 are the same, it is not necessary to adjust the sizes of the display images O1 and O2 in order to make the field angles α the same. For this reason, it can suppress that the image resolution of the virtual images I1 and I2 differs, and can suppress that the appearance of the three-dimensional virtual image V falls.
Further, since the intermediate images M1 and M2 become larger as they move away from the optical member 13, the optical path in the HUD device 10 can be shortened, and thus the size of the HUD device 10 can be reduced.

  (3) The number of pixels E of the display images O1 and O2 is set to be the same regardless of the positions of the display images O1 and O2. According to this configuration, the image resolutions of the virtual images I1 and I2 can be set to be the same, and deterioration of the appearance of the three-dimensional virtual image V can be suppressed.

(4) The optical member 13 generates intermediate images M1 and M2 obtained by enlarging the display images O1 and O2, and the concave mirror 14 displays virtual images I1 and I2 obtained by enlarging the intermediate images M1 and M2.
According to this configuration, since the image is magnified by both the optical member 13 and the concave mirror 14, the respective magnifications can be kept low, and the optical member 13 and the concave mirror 14, and thus the HUD device 10, can be downsized. . In particular, when the HUD device 10 is mounted in a vehicle interior, the installation space is limited, and thus the size reduction of the HUD device 10 is beneficial.

  The concave mirror 14 has a function of correcting image distortion due to the curved shape of the windshield 2 and a function of enlarging the intermediate images M1 and M2. Thus, by providing the concave mirror 14 with two functions, the HUD device 10 can be downsized.

(Modification)
In addition, the said embodiment can be implemented with the following forms which changed this suitably.

  The configuration of the drive unit 12 is not limited to the above-described embodiment. If the display unit 11 can be reciprocated, a magnetic actuator or a rack and pinion mechanism that converts the rotational motion of the motor 12a into linear motion can be used. Good.

  In the above embodiment, the drive unit 12 reciprocates the display unit 11, but the drive unit 12 may reciprocate only the screen 11b.

  The second optical system in the above embodiment is not limited to the concave mirror 14 but may be configured by the concave mirror 14 and a plane mirror.

  In the above embodiment, the contents of the display images O1 and O2 are the same, but they may be different. In this case, the control unit 50 may change the content of the display image displayed on the screen 11b according to the position of the screen 11b. Thereby, a virtual image with a stereoscopic effect can be displayed in the depth direction as viewed from the viewer.

  In the above embodiment, the HUD device 10 is mounted on the vehicle. However, the HUD device 10 is not limited to being mounted on the vehicle, but may be mounted on a vehicle such as an airplane or a ship. Further, the HUD device 10 may be mounted on a glasses-type wearable terminal. Furthermore, the projection member is not limited to the windshield 2 and may be a dedicated combiner.

2,102 Windshield 3 Viewpoint 10 HUD device 11 Display unit 11a Display 11b Screen 11c Case 12 Drive unit 12a Motor 12b Conversion mechanism 13 Optical member 13L Schematic synthetic lens 14 Concave mirror 50 Control unit 110 Projector α Angle of view V 3 Dimensional virtual image I1 first virtual image I2 second virtual image M1 first intermediate image M2 second intermediate image O1, O2 display image P1 first position P2 second position

Claims (4)

A display unit comprising: a display that emits image light; and a screen that receives the image light from the display and generates a display image;
A drive unit that moves the position of the display image by reciprocating the screen along the optical axis direction of the image light;
A first optical system that generates intermediate images of different sizes at different positions based on display light representing the display image according to the position of the display image;
A second optical system that displays a virtual image by guiding display light representing the intermediate image to a projection member,
A head-up display device. The drive unit moves the display image between a first position and a second position farther from the first optical system than the first position,
The first optical system generates a first intermediate image, which is the intermediate image when the display image is at the first position, and the first optical system when the display image is at the second position. A second intermediate image that is smaller than the intermediate image and is located closer to the first optical system than the first intermediate image,
The second optical system displays the first virtual image, which is the virtual image, by guiding the display light representing the first intermediate image to the projection member, and displays the display light representing the second intermediate image. By guiding to the projection member, the size is larger than that of the first virtual image and is located farther from the projection member than the first virtual image so that the angle of view is the same as that of the first virtual image. Displaying a second virtual image which is a virtual image;
The head-up display device according to claim 1. The number of pixels of the display image is set to be the same regardless of the position of the display image.
The head-up display device according to claim 1 or 2. The first optical system generates the intermediate image obtained by enlarging the display image;
The second optical system displays the virtual image obtained by enlarging the intermediate image.
The head-up display device according to claim 1, wherein the head-up display device is a head-up display device.

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