JPWO2018069579A5 - - Google Patents

Description

The present disclosure relates generally to the processing of materials and more specifically to surgical bars.

background

Various devices have traditionally been used for shaping objects such as cutting, drilling, milling, sawing, polishing, and / or grinding. For example, these devices may include bars, drill bits, saw blades, and cutting discs. Generally, such devices are used in the carpentry, machining, plastics industry, and medical sectors. Forming and processing an object usually requires immeasurable control of the operator over the handheld device. Furthermore, especially in medical applications, targeted operation of the device is essential to reduce unintended damage as much as possible.

Hard tissue shaping and processing in the medical sector primarily involves processing the hard bone or cartilage of patients undergoing surgery. Surgical devices can inadvertently cause damage to the patient's soft tissue, as soft tissue such as blood vessels or nerves can be located near the hard tissue to be processed. For example, surgical devices can cause injuries such as hardener rupture in spinal cord surgery, facial nerve paralysis during ENT surgery (ear-nose-throat surgery), or lingual nerve paralysis during dental procedures. Can cause. Subsequent damage to these soft tissues can cause swelling, pain, paralysis, bleeding, and several other complications. Also, soft tissue damage can prolong the patient's recovery.

One tool that can be used to perform a surgical procedure is a Burr. The bar usually consists of a head made of a hard material, generally metal and tungsten carbide. Generally, there are two types of bars, a cutting bar and a grinding bar. The cutting bar has a head shaped to have several flutes . These flutes are formed to define a cutting edge for tissue cutting, and each flute has a rake face and a flank surface. As shown in detail in the accompanying drawings, the intersection of the rake face and the flank form a cutting edge that extends along the length of the flute . In other words, the rake face is the face on the front side of the cutting edge that scrapes material . The flank is the back surface of the cutting edge and extends towards the adjacent flute . Grinding bars generally have a head with a surface coated with abrasive grains, such as diamond or a hard carbon coating.

Further, in the bar, the shaft extends posteriorly from the head. The free end of the shaft is characterized by facilitating locking of the shaft to the electric handpiece. The operation of the handpiece results in the rotation of the bar. During the surgical procedure, the head of the bar is applied to the surgical site to remove, or process, a portion of the tissue. A rotating cutting edge generally scrapes tissue from the surgical site. Bars can also be used to process foreign bodies such as implants in the body. Bars of various shapes and sizes can be used for procedures such as orthopedic surgery, nerve and spinal cord surgery, ear, nose, and throat surgery, as well as other surgical procedures that selectively remove parts of tissue by partial procedure. It is used.

US Pat. No. 5,876,405, entitled "Perforator," describes a drill bit centered around a sharp guide pin that penetrates a substance (such as bone structure). There is. The drill bit is a hollow cylindrical wall with a plurality of cutting edges formed at its lower ends for removing / cutting bone plugs after the completion of drilling. Therefore, this patent document does not provide a method for preventing unintended perforation of material by a sharp cutting edge located at the tip of a conventional twist drill bit.

That is, the bar is different from a hollow drill bit. The bar has a head to distinguish it from such hollow drill bits. The hollow drill bit has a plurality of cutting edges on its bottom side. This is not the case for bars. The twist drill bit is provided with a plurality of spiral flutes on the body of the shaft, and the plurality of flutes at the tip form a plurality of cutting edges at the lower end rather than around the drill bit. In a bar, if there are multiple flutes , these flutes form multiple cutting edges around the bar head. In addition, the shapes and uses of drills and bars vary significantly. Bars are used for milling and grinding. That is, the rotary cutter is advanced in any direction to remove material from the workpiece (cutting is done around the bar). On the other hand, the drill bit is used for drilling. That is, the substance is removed along its axis of rotation (drilling is done at the lower end of the drill bit). A further difference is that the bar does not puncture the material like a drill bit, but removes the material from the material being processed.

In recent years, advances have been made to improve surgical appliances such as high speed drills and ultrasonic cutting devices. However, there were no substantial changes to the surgical equipment to minimize unintended damage to the surrounding tissue. For example, the risk of damaging soft tissue during hard tissue processing remains high. Ultrasonic cutting equipment also requires the purchase of completely new equipment and training in new types of surgical procedures. This is inconvenient for the user.

Various tools such as table saws or disc cutters can pose a danger to the user, such as the user's fingers or hands. Although various safeguards exist, it may still be beneficial to try to improve these safety devices.

Therefore, in light of the above description, it is necessary to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks associated with the conventional apparatus for processing an object.

U.S. Pat. No. 5,876,405

Description

[Means to solve problems]
The present disclosure seeks to provide surgical bars for processing substances . The present disclosure further seeks to provide a solution to the existing problem of unintended damage caused to soft tissue during processing of hard tissue. One object of the present disclosure is further to provide a solution that at least partially overcomes the problems faced in the prior art, and more targeted actions for processing substances in medical applications. It provides a safe, accurate and reliable bar for good control and safety. Yet another purpose is to reduce the chatter vibration of the bar in use.

In one aspect, one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a surgical bar. This surgical bar
・ Prevention means and
・ Mounting means and
A processing unit equipped with at least one processing means for processing a substance selected from bones, cartilage, calcified tissue, teeth, and foreign substances in the patient's body, and the processing means has a plurality of cutting edges. A machined part selected from multiple flutes and ground surfaces to be imaged,
Equipped with
The means of prevention is
The first position where the blocking means is arranged so as to at least partially block the processing of the substance by the processing means when the force applied to the blocking means is less than a predetermined magnitude.
A second position where the blocking means is placed so that the blocking means can process the substance when the force applied to the blocking means is greater than or equal to a predetermined magnitude.
Is configured to have.

A plurality of embodiments of the present disclosure largely eliminate, or at least partially address, the above problems in the prior art, allowing for safe and targeted processing of materials .

Further aspects, advantages, features, and objectives of the present disclosure will become apparent when the detailed description and drawings of the exemplary embodiments are construed in conjunction with the appended claims.

It will be appreciated that the features of this disclosure can be combined in various combinations without departing from the scope of the present disclosure as defined by the appended claims.

Detailed description of the embodiment

The following detailed description describes a plurality of embodiments of the present disclosure and methods capable of embodying these embodiments. Although some of the embodiments of this disclosure have been disclosed, one of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that other embodiments for carrying out the present disclosure are possible.

In one aspect, one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a surgical bar. This surgical bar
・ Prevention means and
・ Mounting means and
A processing unit equipped with at least one processing means for processing a substance selected from bones, cartilage, calcified tissue, teeth, and foreign substances in the patient's body, and the processing means have a plurality of cutting edges. The machined part and the machined part, which are selected from multiple flutes and ground surfaces that define
Equipped with
The blocking means is
The first position where the blocking means is placed to at least partially block the processing of the substance by the processing means when the force applied to the blocking means is less than a predetermined magnitude.
A second position where the blocking means is placed to allow the processing means to process the substance when the force applied to the blocking means is greater than or equal to a predetermined magnitude.
Is configured to have.

The present disclosure provides a surgical bar for processing substances . The first advantage of the device is that when the device is used to process hard tissue, the adjacent soft tissue is protected thanks to the blocking means. Indeed, the device significantly reduces the risk of machining non-target objects adjacent to the object being machined, such as soft tissue adjacent to the hard tissue being machined (eg perforated). The device further enables good operator control over the machining of the object. Indeed, the blocking means significantly enhances controllability, as the blocking means blocks unwanted and / or excessive biting of the cutting tool into the workpiece . In other words, the blocking means does not allow the tool to bite into the workpiece . When such a bite occurs, the tool begins to vibrate aggressively (called chatter vibration), and sometimes the tool becomes uncontrollable (bouncing). Moreover, the blocking means allows the operator to adjust the amount of cut according to the magnitude of the pushing force applied by the operator. This enhances the cutting accuracy. As a result, the apparatus achieves accurate machining of the desired portion of the object. Therefore, devices related to the medical sector provide safer operation and significantly reduce the risk of soft tissue damage in surgery. In addition, this device enables time-efficient processing of objects. The device is also adaptable according to the type of processing required by the object, i.e., to conventional and existing modeling and processing equipment, regardless of their type. Indeed, "shaping and machining" herein refers to all types of machining of hard tissue, such as cutting, grinding, milling, drilling, polishing, sawing, etc., with respect to embodiments of surgical bars. Means cutting, milling, and grinding. Further, in the present specification, the term "processed surface" refers to a portion of a processed portion that actually processes an object. The machined surface may be only a part of the machined portion, or in some cases, the entire machined part may be the machined surface.

The present disclosure provides surgical bars that can be manufactured in several different ways. In the following, some of them will be described in more detail. The main feature of the device is that the blocking means has two different positions, a first position and a second position. In the first position, the blocking means protrudes from the machined portion in order to block, at least partially, preferably completely, the machining of the material by the machining means. This first position is the position taken by the blocking means when the force applied to the blocking means is less than a predetermined magnitude. This means, for example, that in order to start machining, the user needs to press the device against the material to be machined, i.e., to overcome the limits of force. The second position of the blocking means is the position where the blocking means retracts to allow the processing means to process the substance . This position is the position taken by the blocking means when the force applied to the blocking means is greater than or equal to a predetermined magnitude. Therefore, this predetermined magnitude of force forms a limit that defines the location of the blocking means. The blocking means can be moved to its first position by mounting means or by deformation of the inner part, centrifugal force, or outer part (elastomer or flexible movable part). Hereinafter, these different embodiments will be described in more detail.

The surgical bar comprises a blocking means for blocking the processing of the substance by the processing means. That is, the blocking means is a mechanism that may have one or more portions. For example, the blocking means may consist of an outer moving part and an inner spring (eg, a tilted coil spring, or an elastomer that acts as a spring). Alternatively, the blocking means may consist of a movable portion having an outer and inner portion (eg, an integrated spring and ring) as an integral part or as independent parts. Further, the blocking means may consist of elastic parts attached to the outer surface of the machined portion, such as flaps or elastomeric sections. In this context, the term elasticity is a substance that can change shape, for example by bending or compressing in the presence of a force (such as pressure), and can return to its original shape when that force is no longer applied to that part. Means the part made of.

According to one embodiment, the blocking means is arranged so as to project from the machined portion in its first position and retract from the machined means in its second position. According to another embodiment, the blocking means is arranged to push the soft tissue away from the cutting edge in its first position and to bring the processing means into contact with the hard tissue in its second position. Will be done.

Thus, the blocking means (s) are configured to take two different positions depending on the force applied to the blocking means when the machined portion is interacting with the substance to be machined. The forms of related forces vary, such as friction, normal forces, and shear forces. The force means the normal force applied to the blocking mechanism at the point of contact between the outer surface of the blocking means and the substance (this is the reaction force of the substance to the pushing force applied by the user and the motor torque). Therefore, this force can be a contact force.

According to one embodiment, the machined portion is provided with at least one recess for the blocking means to retract there, i.e., for placing the blocking means there. In this embodiment, when the blocking means is in its first position, the blocking means is partially located in the recess, and when the blocking means is in its second position, the blocking means is in the recess. It is basically completely placed inside. According to another embodiment, the recess is a groove or hole provided in the machined portion. In such an embodiment, the height of the processing portion where the blocking means is arranged is the same as that of the processing means so that the blocking means retracts into the recess in order to enable the processing of the object by the processing means. It is preferably used at certain times. According to one embodiment, this recess has a V-shaped or stepped shape profile. The V-shape means that the width of the bottom of the recess is smaller than the width of the recess near the surface of the machined portion. The stepped shape profile means that the width of the recess is not uniform, the recess has a plurality of different widths, and the change in width is not continuous but abrupt. Such a stepped shape profile allows only limited radial movement of blocking means (eg, in the form of a ring or partial ring) to the workpiece.

This description is primarily about surgical bars. However, the same principles apply well to twist drills and saws used in surgery. Accordingly, the various embodiments and alternatives described herein are also fully applicable to the twist drills and saws described herein. Therefore, when a surgical twist drill and / or a surgical saw is used, the term surgical bar machining means corresponds to the term machined surface. Similarly, the terms material and object are compatible when the subject of processing by the described device is of concern.

In a plurality of other embodiments, such as when a saw is used, the blocking means can be placed on the machined portion so that the blocking means is essentially parallel to the machined portion, thus eliminating the need for dents. Indeed, in such cases, the machined surface is, for example, the toothed side of the saw, and the blocking means is arranged to at least partially cover that side when in its first position. Here, covering the side surface means that the cutting surface (teeth) cannot be completely seen when the device is viewed from above or below.

According to one embodiment, the present specification relates to a device comprising a blocking means, a mounting means, and a machined portion. The machined portion comprises at least one machined means (or at least one machined surface) for processing the substance (or object) and at least one recess for arranging the blocking means therein. The blocking means is to protrude from the machined portion when the force applied to the blocking means is less than a predetermined magnitude, and in at least one recess when the force applied to the blocking means is greater than or equal to a predetermined magnitude. It is configured to retreat.

Multiple different parts of the device can be connected to each other in different ways. For example, a ridge may be present on the inner surface of the blocking means. This raised portion abuts on the recess and functions as a pivot point. To provide protection during use of the device, a spring installed at one end of the blocking means exerts the force required to cause the blocking means to protrude from the recess.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the blocking means may also have more than two positions, i.e., a plurality of intermediate positions between the first position and the second position. These intermediate positions (which can be any discrete number such as 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5) are used to control the amount of cut. Indeed, for example, the first intermediate position allows a depth of 1 μm (micrometers) per revolution for the incision, and the second intermediate position allows a depth of 2 μm per revolution for the incision. And the third position allows a depth of 3 μm per revolution for the incision. These positions are selected by the user by applying a force to the device, and thus the force exerted by the device against the material to be machined can be achieved by various technical means such as springs. Various limiting measures may also be present in the device to lock the blocking means to a selected intermediate position. Slightly more force is required to overcome this lock and move to the next position. It is also possible to design the device so that when the pressure (ie, contact force) is released, the blocking means automatically returns to its first position.

Depending on the flexibility of the blocking means, the retreat to the recess can be a deformation of the (flexible) blocking means, a lever-type movement of the (rigid) blocking means, or a combination thereof (semi-flexible blocking means). It can happen in morphology. Thus, if the blocking means is made of the spring itself or an elastomer, the spring can be varied (as described below in connection with one embodiment). That is, the spring can be made of, for example, silicone. Or it can be a tilted coil or a wave spring. In addition, the blocking means may be configured to have a hook-shaped form at the end to allow only limited radial movement of the blocking means to the machined portion.

The blocking means can be integrally formed or composed of several parts, such as an inner part and an outer part (or some parts of either or both), as described in detail below. The shape of the blocking means can change, for example, depending on the machined surface. Since the inner and outer portions of the blocking means can be integrated with each other, the blocking means can have the same form as the blocking means composed of two parts, but can also be integrated.

In one embodiment of the disclosure, the device is a surgical bar. The surgical bar comprises a processing section provided with at least one processing means for processing the material . This substance is selected from bones, cartilage, calcified tissue, teeth, and foreign bodies (such as implants) in the patient's body. In one embodiment, the surgical bar can be a suitable bar for cutting, milling, polishing, and / or grinding. For example, surgical bars can be used to perform surgery for the treatment of various medical conditions, injuries, disabilities, bone misalignments, or dental conditions.

In one embodiment, the device, such as a surgical bar, can be attached to the rotating mechanism using attachment means. For example, the rotary mechanism is powered by a motor. The motor can be coupled to the device using coupling means such as chucks, bearings, and gear arrangements. In one embodiment, the rotational mechanism can bring rotational motion to the device. In another embodiment, the rotational mechanism can be adapted to bring vibrational motion to the device. For example, the rotational mechanism may be associated with a motion conversion mechanism (gear arrangement) suitable for converting rotational motion into vibrational motion.

In one embodiment, the processing means for processing a substance is selected from a cutting surface or a ground surface (also referred to as a polished surface). Specifically, each configuration of the processing section can process various substances according to the requirements of the operator of the surgical bar. The processing unit may also include a plurality of types of processing means, if necessary.

In one embodiment, the surgical bar may include a workpiece attached to the shank. Specifically, the machined portion is a sphere configured for cutting, grinding, and shaping of workpieces such as hard bones or teeth. Of course, the processed portion may have other shapes such as a cylindrical shape, an egg-like shape, a pear-like shape, a conical shape, and the like. The device can also be used for materials other than hard tissue, such as wood, metal, or ceramic. More specifically, at least one machining means of the surgical bar can be a protruding or raised surface on a sphere that can function as a cutting surface, a ground surface, or a polished surface, and so on. Further, the processed portion can be attached to the shank. The shank can be attached to the rotating mechanism, for example, via attachment means designed on the shank of the surgical bar to bring rotational motion to the machined part. The rotation of the machined portion of the surgical bar then allows the removal of material from the surface of the workpiece . In one example, the surgical bar rotates in the range of hundreds or thousands (eg 1,000-4,000,000) revolutions per minute to effortlessly remove material from the surface of the workpiece . Can be configured as In one example, a surgical bar can be used to shape or remove bony bones to treat a condition of the head or spinal column.

The blocking means is configured to protrude from the machined portion when the force applied to the blocking means is less than a predetermined magnitude and to retract when the force applied to the blocking means is greater than or equal to a predetermined magnitude. To. In one embodiment, this predetermined magnitude of force is associated (or based on) with the composition of the substance with which the processing means comes into contact for processing. Specifically, the substance (or composition thereof) may be sufficiently rigid to exert a force (greater than or equal to a predetermined magnitude) when the blocking means is brought into contact with and pressed against the object. Therefore, when the blocking means is brought into contact with and pressed against a substance having a soft composition, the blocking means cannot recede. On the other hand, when the blocking means is brought into contact with and pressed against a substance having a hard composition, the blocking means may recede.

In one embodiment, if the secondary material is softer than the material , a force of a predetermined magnitude is selected to prevent the processing of the secondary material . As described above, the secondary material may include a soft composition. For example, the secondary substance can be soft tissue such as blood vessels or nervous tissue. The substance can be hard bone or teeth. Therefore, when the blocking means is brought into contact with and pressed against a hard tissue such as a hard bone or a tooth, the force applied to the blocking means at the time of contact with the blocking means may be a force of a predetermined magnitude or more.

According to one embodiment, when the blocking means retracts into at least one recess, in some cases, the processed portion of the surgical bar can come into contact with the material , allowing processing of the material . In addition, the blocking means can at least reduce the surface contact between the processed portion and the soft tissue in order to avoid unintended damage to the soft tissue by the processed portion. In one example, soft tissues such as nerves, blood vessels, etc. may be located near hard tissues such as hard bones and cartilage in the human body. The soft tissue to be protected can also be the user's finger, or the material to be processed can be a hard material such as a workpiece.

In one embodiment, the blocking means may include at least one outer member and at least one inner member. In yet another embodiment, the blocking means comprises at least one outer portion and at least one inner portion. That is, the inner and outer members are integral with each other. Therefore, all of the various embodiments described for the inner and outer members apply to the inner and outer portions with the necessary modifications.

In one embodiment, the inner member may be made of an elastomer. The inner member may be disposed in at least one recess between the machined portion and the outer member. The outer member can be a ring. According to one embodiment, when the device is a surgical bar, the outer member is a ring. Further, in such an embodiment, the recess can be an annular groove provided in the machined portion of the bar. Specifically, the recess can be a groove provided in the spherical surface of the surgical bar. Also, the plane of this groove may be tilted at an angle with respect to the central axis of the shank of the surgical bar to protect the entire perimeter of the machine as the machine rotates about the axis of rotation. Further, this groove may be designed to limit the radial movement of the ring on the spherical surface of the bar. For example, the groove may be configured to have a V-shaped or stepped profile that may allow only limited radial movement of the ring relative to the machined portion.

In one embodiment, the ring has an opening arranged to contact the notch of the machined portion in order to prevent the ring from rotating with respect to the machined portion. Specifically, the core of the bar may be configured to have additional pieces of material attached to the inside of the groove. Therefore, such a protruding element can prevent the ring from rotating with respect to the machined portion. Further, the notch may be arranged to fit into the opening of the ring. Therefore, the notch limits the relative movement of the ring for the ring to rotate relative to the machined portion. This prevents damage that can be caused by the relative movement of the ring relative to the inner member, especially the elastomeric surface of the inner member. Similarly, the ring may have protrusions arranged to contact the notch of the machined portion to prevent the ring from rotating with respect to the machined portion. In addition, a closed ring can be used. The ring is compressed into a particular shape and its ends adhere to each other to form a loop. This adhesion can be performed, for example, by laser welding.

In one embodiment, the inner member is a spring disposed between the machined portion and the outer member, eg, in at least one recess. That is, the inner member (eg, an elastomer) is configured to function as a spring. Specifically, the inner member is adapted to compress and expand when it receives or is released from a force greater than or equal to a predetermined magnitude. Further, the dimensions and rigidity or composition of the inner member are such that the outer member at least partially protrudes from the machined portion when the force applied to the blocking means is less than a predetermined magnitude, and the force applied to the blocking means. The outer member is selected to retract into at least one recess when it is greater than or equal to a predetermined size. In one embodiment, the inner member (eg, an elastomer) may be provided with a notch or slice on its outer surface to provide sufficient space to allow compression of the inner member. In another embodiment, the inner member may be an annular tilted coil spring. Specifically, such a spring can be a closed loop that is stretched to be installed in at least one recess in the machined portion. In yet another embodiment, the inner member may be an annular wave spring. Further, such springs can be welded inside or to the outer member of at least one recess in the machined portion.

According to one embodiment, the outer member (eg, the ring) is configured to protect the soft tissue from unintended processing. Specifically, when the ring is pressed against a hard tissue such as a tooth or hard bone, the inner member can be compressed to expose the outer surface of the machined portion of the surgical bar. Alternatively, when the outer member is pressed against the soft tissue, the inner member cannot be compressed in order to prevent unintended contact between the machined portion of the surgical bar and the soft tissue.

In another embodiment, the blocking means may include an elastomer placed in multiple recesses in the machined portion of the surgical bar. Moreover, these recesses can be in the form of segments on either side of the surgical bar on which the elastomer can be placed. The elastomers in these segments are configured to project or recede depending on the force applied to them. Alternatively, the surgical bar may have a plurality of flute -shaped cutting edges (ie, machining means) in the machined portion of the surgical bar. The elastomer can be placed in its alternate groove. In addition, the elastomer (when subjected to a force greater than or equal to a predetermined magnitude) may recede into these grooves to expose the cutting edge of the surgical bar and allow machining.

According to one embodiment, the blocking means is a movable portion having an outer portion and an inner portion. The outer portion is configured to project from the machined portion to prevent the machined surface from processing the material when the blocking means is in its first position. Indeed, in this embodiment, the inner portion is configured to function as a spring. In this case, the outer portion protrudes at least partially from the machined portion when the force applied to the blocking means is less than a predetermined magnitude, and the outer side when the force applied to the blocking means is greater than or equal to the predetermined magnitude. The magnitude of the spring constant is designed so that the portion retracts into at least one recess.

In one embodiment, the machining means is a cutting edge, the blocking means comprises several flaps, and each flap is disposed between the two cutting edges. In this case, each flap is arranged so as to push the soft tissue away from the cutting edge at its first position, thereby blocking contact of the cutting edge with the soft tissue. Therefore, each flap is arranged so as to allow contact of the processing means with the hard tissue at its second position.

In another embodiment, the machined portion of the surgical bar can be cylindrical in shape. In this embodiment, the machining means is a cutting edge on a cylindrical surface, the blocking means comprises several flaps, and each flap is arranged between the two cutting edges. In this case, each flap is arranged to push the soft tissue away from the cutting edge in its first position and to allow contact of the processing means with the hard tissue in its second position. .. These flaps can be made of metal or plastic, for example stainless steel sheet steel.

Therefore, as described above, the surgical bar can be attached to the rotating mechanism using a shank attached to the machined portion. Further, the machined portion may be provided with a cutting edge on the surface of the machined portion. Further, the blocking means may be arranged between the cutting edges of the machined portion. Specifically, the blocking means may be an elastic flap placed between the cutting edges. More specifically, the elastic flap can be attached to the machined part from the first end using spot or laser welding. Further, in the case of plastic flaps, the elastic flaps can be attached using adhesive. Alternatively, the machined portion may have a slot or analog on which the end of the flap or the protrusion on the end of the flap (such as a rail) can be placed. During operation, the blocking means may push the soft tissue away from the cutting edge when the force applied therein is less than a predetermined magnitude. Thereby, the blocking means blocks contact of the cutting edge with the soft tissue. Further, when the force applied to the blocking means is equal to or greater than a predetermined magnitude, the blocking means can be retracted and pressed against the machined portion.

In one embodiment, the blocking means, such as an elastic flap, placed between the cutting edges of a surgical bar may have a filler placed on the second edge of the elastic flap. Specifically, the filling member can be an elastomeric member that can be compressed to allow the blocking means to recede. In addition, this filling member can prevent the work piece from depositing behind the elastic flaps. In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the device is a twist drill. A twist drill is a cylindrical tool having a machined portion with at least one machined surface for drilling an object. In addition, the twist drill may include a rotating mechanism or may be attached to the rotating mechanism using mounting means (such as a shank) to allow the twist drill to drill an object.

In one embodiment, the at least one machined surface may include at least one cutting edge and one flute provided at the lower end for drilling an object. In another embodiment, when the device is a twist drill, at least one recess can be a hole in the machined portion. Specifically, this recess is a vertical hole of a machined portion for arranging a blocking means provided in the vicinity of the cutting edge of the drill bit. In one embodiment, the recess may provide a plurality of holes in the drill bit machine for arranging the plurality of blocking means.

In one embodiment, the at least one blocking means comprises at least one outer member and at least one inner member, the inner member being in the form of a spring. Specifically, both the at least one inner member and the at least one outer member may be configured to be disposed in at least one recess (such as a hole) in the machined portion configured at the lower end of the twist drill. In one embodiment, the at least one outer member may look like a hook. That is, the outer member may have a stem and a hook-shaped tip. In addition, at least one outer member can be mounted in the hole. For example, the at least one outer member may include a protrusion or fastener adapted to be accommodated in a recess around the hole so that the at least one outer member does not exit the hole. Alternatively, at least one outer member may be coupled to at least one inner member. The at least one inner member may be further coupled to the hole, for example using a suitable adhesive. The at least one inner member is placed in the hole between the twist drill and the at least one outer member. In one embodiment, the at least one blocking means of the twist drill may include a pair of holes. Each hole accommodates at least one inner member and at least one outer member.

According to this embodiment, the inner portion can be a coil spring. The spring is dimensionally designed so that the outer portion at least partially protrudes from the machined portion when the force applied to the blocking means is less than a predetermined magnitude. Further, the outer portion retracts into at least one recess when the force applied to the blocking means is greater than or equal to a predetermined magnitude. Specifically, the outer portion can compress the inner portion in order to expose the cutting edge of the twist drill when pressed against hard tissue such as hard bone. Therefore, the outer portion prevents unintended contact between at least one machined surface and the soft tissue. Specifically, when at least one machined surface comes into contact with (or is separated from) the soft tissue, the tip of the outer member protrudes due to the lack of a predetermined force, which can prevent damage to the soft tissue. ..

Therefore, in another aspect, one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a twist drill. This twist drill is
・ At least one deterrent measure
・ Mounting means and
・ A machined part equipped with at least one machined surface for drilling an object,
Equipped with
The at least one blocking means is
The first position where the blocking means protrudes from the machined portion to prevent the drilling of the object by the machined surface when the force applied to the blocking means is less than a predetermined magnitude.
A second position where the blocking means retracts to allow the machined surface to pierce the object when the force applied to the blocking means is greater than or equal to a predetermined magnitude.
Is configured to have.

In this embodiment, the machined surface is located at the lower end of the drill bit. That is, the drill bit is attached to the drill from one end and is located on the machined surface, in this case the cutting edge, at the other end, i.e. the lower end.

In yet another aspect, one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a saw as described above. Such a saw
・ Prevention means and
・ Mounting means and
・ A machined part with at least one machined surface in the form of a machined tooth for cutting an object,
Equipped with
The blocking means is
A first position where at least one blocking means projects from the machined portion to prevent cutting of the object by the machined surface when the force applied to the blocking means is less than a predetermined magnitude.
A second position where the blocking means retracts to allow the machined surface to cut the object when the force applied to the blocking means is greater than or equal to a predetermined magnitude.
Is configured to have.

Therefore, in yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the device may be a saw. Further, the machined portion of the saw may include at least one machined surface in the form of a machined tooth for cutting an object. Further, the machined portion can be attached to the mounting means and, in some cases, integrated into the saw. The mounting means is adapted to be operably coupled to a rotating mechanism to bring vibrational motion to the saw.

In some cases, the saw is selected from reciprocating saw blades, circular saw blades, and vibrating saw blades. In one embodiment, the saw can be a vibrating saw blade or a reciprocating saw blade. The vibrating saw blade may have a dent on its surface. Further, the blocking means may be placed adjacent to the machined tooth in a recess on the surface of the vibrating saw blade. Further, the inner member of the blocking means may be a spring. This spring may be placed in the recess to control the protrusion and retreat of the outer member of the blocking means from the recess. Thus, this spring can be an elastomeric part or a traditional metal spring. In one embodiment, the outer member may be a comb-like structure configured to project between the machined teeth of the vibrating saw blade. The outer member is configured to prevent unintended contact between the machined tooth and the soft tissue. Further, the outer member of the blocking means may recede into the recess to expose the machined teeth of the vibrating saw blade to the hard tissue when the outer member is exposed to the hard tissue. In these embodiments, it is also possible to design the present apparatus without dents in the processed portion as described above.

According to one embodiment, the saw can be a circular saw blade. In addition, the circular saw blade may include a center mounting hole adapted to be operably coupled to the rotating mechanism using mounting means to obtain rotational motion. Further, the blocking means may be located in at least one recess present on one or both sides of the circular saw blade and / or in the center of the circular saw blade. The blocking means may include, for example, two independent semicircular outer members on at least one side of the circular saw blade. The semicircular outer member is configured to project from the side of the circular saw blade, i.e., to at least partially cover the sharp edge of the machined tooth.

In one embodiment, the blocking means further comprises an inner member, such as a pair of elliptical spring members, located between the outer members on at least one side of the circular saw blade. These springs may be configured to push out or pull in the moving parts (s). For example, at high speed rotation, the centrifugal force becomes too large and the force required to retract the movable part into the dent becomes too large for practical use. In this case, a tension spring is required to reduce the force at high operating speeds. Specifically, the semi-circular outer members on each side of the cutting disc may have a common inner member to control the protrusion and retreat of the outer member from the recess. Further, the protrusion and retreat of the outer member from each quadrant are configured independently. Therefore, the circular saw blade can simultaneously cut an object and protect a secondary object (eg, a soft tissue adjacent to a hard tissue or a user's finger or hand) surrounding the object. Also, the semi-circular outer member of the blocking means may be supported by a support tab configured in a recess on the surface of the circular saw blade. The number of support tabs can be, for example, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6. Each support tab generally comprises a head and a shaft. These are placed by press fitting into the holes placed in the circular saw blade. Further, a common inner member on each side of the circular saw blade can be supported between the semicircular outer members with the help of a support tab, more specifically a shaft of the support tab. Thus, the blocking means on each side of the circular saw blade may be configured to protect the alternating quadrants of the machined teeth from unintended contact with secondary objects.

The structure of the processed tooth described above may have various structures. For example, a machined tooth can be divided into four sets of machined teeth. These machined tooth sets may project in opposite directions from the central plane, depending on the location of the moving parts adjacent thereto. The number of machined tooth sets can be determined according to the number of moving parts. Generally, a circular saw blade is configured to allow a cut of the same width as the blade width. When these movable parts are placed on one and the same plane, the cut depth is limited because these movable parts do not have the ability to remove the substance in front of the movable part.

As mentioned above, the device may have various forms. Another possible form is a reciprocating saw blade. In this saw blade, the cutting operation is realized by the push-pull (“reciprocating”) motion of the blade. Each blade of such a reciprocating saw can be arranged in any suitable manner, for example as described above for vibrating saw blades. Yet another possibility is any kind of bar with different morphologies. Some of these will be described below in association with the figures.

According to one embodiment, the object machined by the device (disclosure) may include a variety of compositions. For example, an object can consist of a substance selected from hard bone, teeth, cartilage, calcified tissue, rind, wood, metal, plastic. Specifically, the apparatus of the present disclosure may be operable for carpentry, metal machining, and processing of objects in the plastics industry. In addition, the hull can be a hardened layer, deposit, or coating on the surface of an object. The device can be used to process the outer skin of the surface of an object. The device also provides better control of handheld devices, targeted machining of objects such as wood sheet, sheet metal, etc., and carpentry and metal machining to achieve minimal damage. It can also be used for large scale applications.

The above description and detailed description of the exemplary embodiments will be better understood when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. To illustrate the disclosure, a number of exemplary structures of the disclosure are shown in the drawings. However, this disclosure is not limited to the specific methods and means disclosed herein. Moreover, one of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the drawings are not at the same scale. Wherever possible, similar elements are indicated by the same reference code.

Next, a plurality of embodiments of the present disclosure will be described as merely examples with reference to the following figures.

In the accompanying drawings, the underlined digit is used to represent the item on which the underlined digit is located, or the item adjacent to the underlined digit. Unlined numbers relate to items identified by a line that links the non-underlined numbers to the item. When numbers are not underlined and are associated with arrows, the unlined numbers are used to identify the entire element pointed to by the arrow.

FIG. 3 is a diagram of a surgical bar according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 3 is a diagram of a surgical bar according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 3 is a diagram of a surgical bar according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 3 is a diagram of a surgical bar according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 3 is a diagram of a surgical bar according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB'of the surgical bar of FIG. 5 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of an enclosed portion of the surgical bar of FIG. 6 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC'of the surgical bar of FIG. 5 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC'of the surgical bar of FIG. 5 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC'of the surgical bar of FIG. 5 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a surgical bar according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line FF'of the surgical bar of FIG. 11 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. It is a schematic diagram of the state in which the surgical bar of FIG. 1 is used according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. It is a schematic diagram of the state in which the surgical bar of FIG. 1 is used according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. It is a schematic diagram of the state in which the surgical bar of FIG. 1 is used according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. It is a schematic diagram of the state in which the surgical bar of FIG. 1 is used according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 3 is a diagram of a surgical bar according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 3 is a diagram of a surgical bar according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 3 is a diagram of a surgical bar according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a surgical bar according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a surgical bar according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 3 is a diagram of a surgical bar according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. It is another figure of the surgical bar by one Embodiment of this disclosure. It is a figure of the twist drill by one Embodiment of this disclosure. It is another figure of the twist drill by one Embodiment of this disclosure. It is a front view of the vibrating saw blade by one Embodiment of this disclosure. It is a figure of the saw by one Embodiment of this disclosure. It is another figure of the saw by one Embodiment of this disclosure. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a surgical round bar perpendicular to its central axis showing a rake face and a flank plane.

Detailed description of the drawing

Referring to FIG. 1, a perspective view of the surgical bar 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. As shown, the surgical bar 100 comprises a machining section 102 having at least one machining means 104. Further, the processed portion 102 has a spherical shape. The machined portion 102 is attached to the shank 106. The shank 106 is provided with mounting means 108 at the other end so that the shank 106 can receive the rotational movement. Further, the processing unit 102 includes the blocking means 110. Further, the blocking means 110 includes an outer member 112, a ring in this embodiment. The surgical bar 100 is a cutting bar, and the processing means 104 is a cutting edge. Further, the axis A indicates the axis of the rotational movement of the surgical bar 100.

Referring to FIG. 2, an exploded view of the surgical bar 100 of FIG. 1 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. As shown, the machined portion 102 comprises at least one recess 202 for arranging the blocking means therein. The blocking means includes an outer member 112 and an inner member 204. In some cases, the inner member 204 is made of elastomer and is located in at least one recess 202 between the machined portion 102 and the outer member 112. The inner member 204 includes a plurality of notches 206 on the outer surface of the inner member 204.

Referring to FIG. 3, a bottom view of the surgical bar 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. As shown in the figure, the machining section 102 includes a machining means 104 such as a cutting edge 105. Further, the blocking means 110 is arranged in the processing section 102.

With reference to FIGS. 4 and 5, a rear view and a front view of the surgical bar 100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure are shown. The surgical bar 100 includes a processing unit 102 provided with at least one processing means such as the processing means 104. Further, the blocking means 110 is arranged in the processing section 102. The machined portion 102 is attached to the shank 106. FIG. 5 further shows the angle α. Indeed, the plane of the flute is tilted by an angle α with respect to the axis of rotation A of the surgical bar.

Referring to FIG. 6, a cross-sectional view taken along the BB'of the surgical bar 100 of FIG. 5 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. As shown, the surgical bar 100 includes a recess 202 that exists along the surface of the machined portion 102 of the surgical bar 100. The recess 202 includes a stepped configuration. Further, the stepped recess 202 is shown to accommodate the blocking means, in particular the outer member 112 and the inner member 204.

Referring to FIG. 7, an enlarged view of the enclosed portion D of the surgical bar 100 of FIG. 6 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. As shown, the recess 202 includes a stepped configuration shown to accommodate the blocking means, in particular the outer member 112 and the inner member 204. Further, the stepped configuration allows only limited radial movement of the outer member 112 with respect to the machined portion 102. In addition, the stepped configuration allows for limited compression of the inner member 204.

Referring to FIGS. 8, 9, and 10, cross-sectional views of the surgical bar 100 of FIG. 5 according to various embodiments of the present disclosure are shown along CC'. As shown, the surgical bar comprises a machined portion 102. Further, the processing unit 102 includes the blocking means 110. The blocking means includes an outer member 112 and an inner member 204. As shown in FIG. 8, the inner member 204 is made of an elastomer. The inner member 204 is arranged in a recess between the core 203 of the machined portion 102 and the outer member 112. Further, the inner member 204 includes a notch 206 disposed on the outer surface of the inner member 204 to allow its compression. As shown in FIG. 9, the inner member 204 is an annular tilt coil spring. Further, in FIG. 10, the inner member 204 is an annular wave spring. 8, 9, and 10 also show the laser welds indicated by reference numeral 205.

Referring to FIG. 11, a perspective view of the surgical bar 1100 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. As shown, the surgical bar 1100 comprises a machining section 1102 having at least one machining means such as a machining means 1104. Further, the processed portion 1102 has a spherical shape. The machined portion 1102 is attached to the shank 1106. The shank 1106 is provided with mounting means 1108 at the other end so that the shank 1106 can receive the rotational movement. Further, the machined portion 1102 includes the blocking means 1110. Further, the blocking means 1110 includes an outer member 1112 such as a ring. The outer member 1112 includes an opening 1114 arranged to contact the notch 1116 of the machined portion 1102. The surgical bar 1100 is a grinding bar, and the processing means 1104 is a processing surface. Further, the axis E indicates an axis for the rotational movement of the surgical bar 1100.

Referring to FIG. 12, a cross-sectional view taken along FF'of the surgical bar 1100 of FIG. 11 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. As shown, the blocking means 1110 includes an outer member 1112 and an inner member 1202. The inner member 1202 includes a notch 1204 on the outer surface of the inner member 1202. The inner member 1202 is arranged in a recess between the core 1206 and the outer member 1112 of the machined portion 1102. Further, the notch 1116 is arranged so as to come into contact with the opening 1114 of the outer member 1112 of the blocking means 1110.

With reference to FIGS. 13 to 16, a schematic diagram of the usage state of the surgical bar 100 of FIG. 1 according to one embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. In some cases, the surgical bar 100 of FIG. 11 can be used as well. As shown in the figure, the surgical bar 100 includes a blocking means 110 and a processing unit 102, and the processing unit 102 has a processing unit 104. The blocking means 110 is configured to project when the force exerted on the blocking means 110 by a secondary substance (such as soft tissue) 1302 (as shown in FIG. 14) is less than a predetermined magnitude. Therefore, as indicated by the distance P between them, the processing means 104 does not come into contact with the secondary material 1302.

Next, referring to FIGS. 15 and 16, the blocking means 110 (as shown in FIG. 16) when the force applied to the blocking means 110 by the substance (hard tissue, etc.) 1602 is greater than or equal to a predetermined magnitude. Is configured to recede into the recess 202. As a result, the processing means 104 of the processing unit 102 is exposed to the substance 1602.

Referring to FIG. 17, a perspective view of the surgical bar 1700 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. As shown, the surgical bar 1700 comprises a machining section 1702 having at least one machining means such as a machining means 1704. Further, the machined portion 1702 has a cylindrical shape. The machined portion 1702 is attached to the shank 1706. The shank 1706 is provided with mounting means 1708 at the other end so that the shank 1706 can receive the rotational movement. Further, the machined portion 1702 includes an elastic flap such as an elastic flap 1710 as a blocking means. Further, an elastic flap, such as an elastic flap 1710, is attached from its first end 1712 to the machined portion 1702 using spot welding, laser welding, or an adhesive. Further, in some cases, the elastic flap such as the elastic flap 1710 may have a filler such as a filler 1714 attached to the second end 1716 of the elastic flap 1710. The surgical bar 1700 is a cutting bar and the machining means 1704 is a cutting edge.

Referring to FIG. 18, an exploded view of the surgical bar 1700 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. The machining portion 1702 of the surgical bar 1700 includes a cutting edge as a machining means 1704. Further, the axis G indicates an axis for the rotational movement of the surgical bar 1700. Further, the surgical bar 1700 is provided with an elastic flap such as an elastic flap 1710 as a blocking means. An elastic flap such as the elastic flap 1710 is attached to the machined portion 1702 from the first end portion of the elastic flap 1710, such as the first end portion 1712. Further, the filler such as the filler 1714 is attached to the second end of the elastic flap, such as the second end 1716 of the elastic flap 1710.

Referring to FIG. 19, a bottom view of the surgical bar 1700 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. As shown in the figure, the processing section 1702 includes a processing means 1704 such as a cutting edge. Further, elastic flaps such as elastic flaps 1710 are arranged in the machined portion 1702. Further, the filler such as the filler 1714 is arranged between the elastic flap such as the elastic flap 1710 and the processed portion 1702.

With reference to FIGS. 20 and 21, perspective views of surgical bars according to different embodiments of the present disclosure are shown. As shown, the surgical bar 2000 includes a cutting edge 2002 in the shape of a flute 2003 in the machining section 2004 (having a machining surface 2005) of the apparatus 2000 as a machining means. The surgical bar 2000 includes blocking means. The blocking means includes a pair of elastomeric segments 2006 and 2007 on both sides of the machined portion 2004 of the apparatus 2000. Elastomer segments 2006 and 2007 are configured to project or retract depending on the forces applied to them. Further, as shown in FIG. 21, the device 2100 includes cutting edges 2101 and 2102 in the form of flutes 2103 and 2105 in the machined portion 2104 (having a machined surface 2108) of the surgical bar 2100. Further, the surgical bar 2100 also includes blocking means such as elastomers 2106 and 2107 arranged in the alternate grooves of the machined portion 2104. In addition, the devices 2000 and 2100 are shown to include mounting means 2010 and 2110. The mounting means 2010 and 2110 are integrated into the bar and adapted to be operably coupled to a rotating mechanism (not shown).

22 and 23 show yet another embodiment of the apparatus according to the present disclosure. In FIG. 22, the apparatus 2200 includes a machined portion 2202 comprising a machined surface 2205, a blocking means 2204, and a recess 2206 into which the blocking means 2204 can enter. Further, the device comprises a shank 2212 and a spring 2208 for applying force to the blocking means 2204. The rotation axis H of the device is also shown. In FIG. 23, the device 2200 is shown as a cross-sectional view of FIG. 22, and it can be seen that the blocking means 2204 has a hook shape 2304 at its end and a raised portion 2302 at the other end. The spring 2208 surrounds the shaft.

Referring to FIG. 24, a perspective view of the twist drill 2400 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. As shown, the apparatus 2400 includes a machined portion 2402 having at least one machined surface, such as a machined surface 2405 with a plurality of cutting edges 2403 and a plurality of flutes 2404. The twist drill 2400 further comprises at least one blocking means, such as a blocking means 2406. In addition, the twist drill 2400 is shown to include mounting means 2401. The mounting means 2401 is integrated into the drill bit and adapted to be operably coupled to a drilling device (not shown). The rotation axis I of the device is also shown.

Referring to FIG. 25, a cross-sectional view of the twist drill 2400 of FIG. 24 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. As shown, the inner member 2502 of the blocking means 2406 is arranged between the machined portion (2402, shown in FIG. 24) and the outer member 2504 of the blocking means 2406.

Referring to FIG. 26, a front view of the vibrating saw blade 2600 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. As shown, the vibrating saw blade 2600 includes a machined portion 2602. The machined portion 2602 has machined teeth 2604 as a machined surface and blocking means 2606 arranged in a recess 2608 present on one surface of the device 2600. The blocking means 2606 includes an outer member 2610 and an inner member 2612. The protrusion and retreat of the outer member 2610 is controlled by the inner member 2612 of the blocking means 2606. The device 2600 is also shown to include mounting means 2620. The mounting means 2620 is integrated into the vibrating saw blade and adapted to be operably coupled to a vibrating mechanism (not shown).

Referring to FIG. 27, a perspective view of a circular saw 2700 associated with a cutting disk according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. As shown, the saw 2700 includes a circular saw blade 2702 having machined teeth 2704 as the machined surface. The saw 2700 further includes blocking means 2706 on each side of the circular saw blade 2702. The blocking means 2706 includes two semi-circular outer members illustrated as outer members 2710 and 2712 on each side of the circular saw blade 2702, a common inner side disposed in a recess 2720 on one surface of the circular saw blade 2702. Further includes member 2718. The outer members 2710 and 2712 are supported by support tabs 2730 and 2732, respectively. In addition, the common inner member 2718 is supported by additional support tabs 2740 and 2742. The saw 2700 is also shown to include mounting means 2750. The mounting means 2750 is integrated with the circular saw blade 2702 and adapted to be operably coupled to a rotating mechanism (not shown). The rotation axis J of the device is also shown.

Referring to FIG. 28, a side view of the saw 2700 of FIG. 27 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure is shown. As shown, the saw 2700 has two sides 2802 and 2804. Further, the outer members 2710 and 2712 are shown to be located on the side surface 2802, and the outer members 2714 are shown to be located on the side surface 2804.

Referring to FIG. 29, a cross-sectional view of a surgical round bar perpendicular to the central axis of the bar is shown. The bar includes flutes 122 and 123 having rake faces 132 and 133 and flanks 142 and 143. The intersection of the rake face and flank of each flute forms cutting edges 152 and 153 extending along the length of the flute .

A plurality of embodiments of the present disclosure described above may be modified without departing from the scope of the present disclosure as defined by the appended claims.