JPWO2018025482A1 - How to operate a cement kiln - Google Patents

How to operate a cement kiln Download PDF

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JPWO2018025482A1
JPWO2018025482A1 JP2018531752A JP2018531752A JPWO2018025482A1 JP WO2018025482 A1 JPWO2018025482 A1 JP WO2018025482A1 JP 2018531752 A JP2018531752 A JP 2018531752A JP 2018531752 A JP2018531752 A JP 2018531752A JP WO2018025482 A1 JPWO2018025482 A1 JP WO2018025482A1
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cement kiln
cement
buttocks
fuel
sox
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英人 鈴木
英人 鈴木
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Taiheiyo Engineering Corp
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
    • C04B7/36—Manufacture of hydraulic cements in general
    • C04B7/43—Heat treatment, e.g. precalcining, burning, melting; Cooling
    • C04B7/44—Burning; Melting
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D13/00—Apparatus for preheating charges; Arrangements for preheating charges
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
    • F27B7/20—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to rotary-drum furnaces
    • F27B7/36—Arrangements of air or gas supply devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
    • F27D17/004—Systems for reclaiming waste heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D19/00—Arrangements of controlling devices
    • F27D2019/0006—Monitoring the characteristics (composition, quantities, temperature, pressure) of at least one of the gases of the kiln atmosphere and using it as a controlling value
    • F27D2019/0012—Monitoring the composition of the atmosphere or of one of their components
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/10—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions
    • Y02P10/143—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions of methane [CH4]

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
  • Muffle Furnaces And Rotary Kilns (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)

Abstract

【課題】セメントキルンから排出される燃焼ガス中のＳＯｘ及びＮＯｘの両方の濃度を低く抑える。
【解決手段】セメントキルン７の窯尻５における酸素分圧を４％以上７％以下に調整することで、セメントキルン７の内部に存在するセメント原料Ｒ３やクリンカからＳＯｘが発生するのを抑制すると共に、窯尻５に燃料Ｆ２と燃焼用空気Ａとを脱硝用バーナ６を介して吹き込むことで、窯尻５の内部を通過するセメントキルン７の排ガスＧ１に含まれるＮＯｘを分解するセメントキルン２の運転方法。燃料Ｆ２と燃焼用空気Ａとを、セメントキルン７の窯尻５に設けられた複数のバーナから吹き込むことができる。燃料Ｆ２は、微粉炭、重油、天然ガス、石炭灰、可燃性廃棄物及び可燃性物質をガス化したものから選択される一以上を含むことができる。
【選択図】図１An object of the present invention is to reduce the concentration of both SOx and NOx in combustion gas discharged from a cement kiln.
SOLUTION: By controlling the partial pressure of oxygen in the buttocks 5 of the cement kiln 7 to 4% or more and 7% or less, generation of SOx from cement raw material R3 and clinker present inside the cement kiln 7 is suppressed. At the same time, by injecting fuel F2 and combustion air A into the buttocks 5 through the denitration burner 6, a cement kiln 2 for decomposing NOx contained in the exhaust gas G1 of the cement kiln 7 passing through the inside of the buttocks 5 How to drive. The fuel F2 and the combustion air A can be blown from a plurality of burners provided in the buttocks 5 of the cement kiln 7. The fuel F2 can include one or more selected from pulverized coal, heavy oil, natural gas, coal ash, combustible waste and gasified combustible materials.
[Selected figure] Figure 1

Description

本発明は、セメントキルンから排出される燃焼ガス中の硫黄酸化物（以下「ＳＯｘ」という。）濃度及び窒素酸化物（以下「ＮＯｘ」という。）濃度を低減する技術に関する。   The present invention relates to a technology for reducing the concentration of sulfur oxides (hereinafter referred to as "SOx") and the concentration of nitrogen oxides (hereinafter referred to as "NOx") in combustion gas discharged from a cement kiln.

セメントキルン燃焼ガス中のＳＯｘを低減する技術として、セメントキルン内の酸素分圧、特にセメント原料、クリンカ表層の酸素分圧を上げることによって、硫酸カルシウム（ＣａＳＯ4）、硫酸マグネシウム（ＭｇＳＯ4）、硫酸カリウム（Ｋ2ＳＯ4）及び硫酸ナトリウム（Ｎａ2ＳＯ4）等の分解によるＳＯｘの発生が抑制されることが非特許文献１に記載されている。以下にその原理について簡単に説明する。As a technology to reduce SOx in cement kiln combustion gas, oxygen partial pressure in cement kiln, especially cement raw material, calcium sulfate (CaSO 4 ), magnesium sulfate (MgSO 4 ), by raising oxygen partial pressure on the surface of clinker Non-Patent Document 1 describes that generation of SOx due to decomposition of potassium sulfate (K 2 SO 4 ), sodium sulfate (Na 2 SO 4 ) and the like is suppressed. The principle is briefly described below.

上記セメント原料やクリンカに含まれる物質のうち、例えば、硫酸カルシウムと硫酸マグネシウムとはセメントキルン内で次のように反応する。
ＣａＳＯ4⇔ＣａＯ＋ＳＯ2＋１／２Ｏ2 ・・・（１）
ＭｇＳＯ4⇔ＭｇＯ＋ＳＯ2＋１／２Ｏ2 ・・・（２）
ここで、酸素共存下における硫酸カルシウムの分解、生成に関するＤｅｗｉｎｇらの研究結果から、上記（１）式で表される平衡時のＳＯ2分圧（ＰS1）と酸素分圧（ＰO1）との関係は次式で表される。
ＰS1＝（１／ＰO1 1/2）／ｅｘｐ（-（４６４４２４-２３７Ｔ）／ＲＴ）・・・（３）
また、上記Ｄｅｗｉｎｇらの研究結果は、硫酸カルシウムの分解、生成に関するものであるが、硫酸マグネシウムの分解、生成に適用することができると考えられる。従って、上記Ｄｅｗｉｎｇらの研究結果から、上記（２）式で表される平衡時のＳＯ2分圧（ＰS2）と酸素分圧（ＰO2）との関係を次式で表すこともできる。
ＰS2＝（１／ＰO2 1/2）／ｅｘｐ（-（３６４７６１-２５２Ｔ）／ＲＴ）・・・（４）
上記（３）、（４）式により、硫酸カルシウム及び硫酸マグネシウム付近の酸素分圧を高くすることで、これらから発生するＳＯｘの分圧、すなわちＳＯｘの量を低減できることが判る。また、同様の理由により、硫酸カリウムや硫酸ナトリウム付近の酸素分圧を高くすることで、これらから発生するＳＯｘの量も低減できるといえる。従って、セメントキルン内に存在するセメント原料やクリンカ付近の酸素分圧を高くすることで、セメント原料やクリンカからのＳＯｘの発生を抑制することができる。Among the materials contained in the cement raw material and the clinker, for example, calcium sulfate and magnesium sulfate react in the cement kiln as follows.
CaSO 4 ⇔CaO + SO 2 + 1 / 2O 2 (1)
MgSO 4 ⇔ MgO + SO 2 + 1/2 O 2 (2)
Here, according to the research results of Dewing et al. On the decomposition and formation of calcium sulfate in the presence of oxygen, the SO 2 partial pressure (P S1 ) and the oxygen partial pressure (P O1 ) at equilibrium expressed by the above equation (1) The relationship of is expressed by the following equation.
P S1 = (1 / P O1 1/2) / exp (- (464424-237T) / RT) ··· (3)
Moreover, although the research results of Dewing et al. Relate to the decomposition and formation of calcium sulfate, it is considered that they can be applied to the decomposition and formation of magnesium sulfate. Therefore, from the research results of Dewing et al., The relationship between the SO 2 partial pressure (P S2 ) and the oxygen partial pressure (P O2 ) at equilibrium as represented by the above-mentioned equation (2) can also be expressed by the following equation.
P S2 = (1 / P O2 1/2) / exp (- (364761-252T) / RT) ··· (4)
From the above equations (3) and (4), it can be seen that the partial pressure of SOx generated from these, that is, the amount of SOx, can be reduced by increasing the oxygen partial pressure in the vicinity of calcium sulfate and magnesium sulfate. Further, for the same reason, it can be said that the amount of SOx generated from these can be reduced by increasing the oxygen partial pressure in the vicinity of potassium sulfate or sodium sulfate. Therefore, the generation of SOx from the cement raw material or clinker can be suppressed by increasing the oxygen partial pressure in the vicinity of the cement raw material or clinker present in the cement kiln.

新井紀男、外３６名、「燃焼生成物の発生と抑制技術」、初版、株式会社テクノシステム、１９９７年４月２７日、ｐ１１３−１１４Norio Arai, 36 others, "Technology of generation and control of combustion products", first edition, Techno System, Inc., April 27, 1997, p 113-114

しかし、上述のようにしてＳＯｘが発生するのを抑制するために酸素分圧を上げると、セメントキルンから排出される燃焼ガス中のＮＯｘ濃度が増加し、規制値を超える虞があるという問題があった。   However, if the oxygen partial pressure is increased to suppress the generation of SOx as described above, the NOx concentration in the combustion gas discharged from the cement kiln will increase, and there is a problem that there is a risk of exceeding the regulation value. there were.

そこで、本発明は、上記問題点に鑑みてなされたものであって、セメントキルンから排出される燃焼ガス中のＳＯｘ及びＮＯｘの両方の濃度を低く抑えることを目的とする。   Then, this invention is made in view of the said problem, Comprising: It aims at suppressing low the density | concentration of both SOx and NOx in the combustion gas discharged | emitted from a cement kiln.

上記目的を達成するため、本発明は、セメントキルンの運転方法であって、セメントキルンの窯尻における酸素分圧を４％以上７％以下に調整すると共に、燃料と燃焼用空気とをバーナを介して該窯尻に吹き込むことを特徴とする。   In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is a method of operating a cement kiln, wherein the partial pressure of oxygen in the butt of the cement kiln is adjusted to 4% or more and 7% or less, and a burner for fuel and combustion air is used. It is characterized by blowing in to the buttocks through.

本発明によれば、セメントキルン内の酸素分圧を上げることでセメント原料やクリンカからＳＯｘが発生するのを抑制すると共に、酸素分圧の上昇によって増加したＮＯｘを窯尻に燃料と燃焼用空気とを吹き込んで分解除去することができるため、セメントキルンから排出されるＳＯｘ及びＮＯｘの両方の濃度を低く抑えることができる。   According to the present invention, generation of SOx from cement raw materials and clinker is suppressed by raising oxygen partial pressure in cement kiln, and NOx increased by increase of oxygen partial pressure is used as fuel and combustion air And the concentration of both SOx and NOx discharged from the cement kiln can be reduced.

また、上記セメントキルンの運転方法において、前記燃料と燃焼用空気とを前記セメントキルンの窯尻に設けられた複数のバーナから吹き込むことができる。これにより、セメントキルンの窯尻内でのＮＯｘの分解除去率をさらに向上させることなどが可能となる。   Further, in the method of operating the cement kiln, the fuel and the combustion air can be blown from a plurality of burners provided at the buttocks of the cement kiln. This makes it possible to further improve the rate of decomposition and removal of NOx in the buttocks of the cement kiln.

さらに、前記燃料は、微粉炭、重油、天然ガス、石炭灰、可燃性廃棄物及び可燃性物質をガス化したものから選択される一以上を含むことができる。   Furthermore, the fuel may include one or more selected from pulverized coal, heavy oil, natural gas, coal ash, combustible waste and gasified combustible materials.

以上のように、本発明によれば、セメントキルンから排出される燃焼ガス中のＳＯｘ及びＮＯｘの両方の濃度を低く抑えることができる。   As described above, according to the present invention, the concentrations of both SOx and NOx in the combustion gas discharged from the cement kiln can be kept low.

本発明に係るセメントキルンの運転方法を実施可能なセメント焼成装置の一例を示す概略図である。It is the schematic which shows an example of the cement baking apparatus which can enforce the operating method of the cement kiln concerning this invention.

図１に示すセメント焼成装置１は、セメント原料（以下「原料」という。）Ｒ１を予熱するプレヒータ３と、プレヒータ３で予熱された原料Ｒ２を仮焼する仮焼炉４と、仮焼後の原料Ｒ３を焼成するセメントキルン７と、セメントキルン７で原料Ｒ３が焼成されて生じたクリンカを冷却するクリンカクーラ９と、窯尻５内のＮＯｘを分解除去すると共に原料Ｒ３の脱炭酸を行う脱硝用バーナ６等で構成される。   The cement firing apparatus 1 shown in FIG. 1 includes a preheater 3 for preheating cement raw material (hereinafter referred to as "raw material") R1, a calcining furnace 4 for calcining a raw material R2 preheated by the preheater 3, and Cement kiln 7 for firing raw material R3, clinker cooler 9 for cooling clinker produced by firing raw material R3 with cement kiln 7, and NOx removal and decomposition of raw material R3 while decomposing and removing NOx in crucible 5 It comprises the burner 6 grade.

脱硝用バーナ６は、図示例では１本であるが、複数設けることもできる。脱硝用バーナ６を同一水平面内に複数備えることで、窯尻５の内部の酸素分圧をより効果的に低減し、この領域でＮＯｘをより確実に分解することができる。また、脱硝用バーナ６を鉛直方向（排ガスＧ１の流れ方向）に二段にわたって設けてもよい。   Although the number of denitration burners 6 is one in the illustrated example, a plurality of denitration burners may be provided. By providing a plurality of denitration burners 6 in the same horizontal plane, the oxygen partial pressure inside the buttocks 5 can be more effectively reduced, and the NOx can be decomposed more reliably in this region. Further, the denitration burner 6 may be provided in two stages in the vertical direction (the flow direction of the exhaust gas G1).

尚、脱硝用バーナ６が１本の場合には、広範囲において脱硝効果を得るため、脱硝用バーナ６から発せられる火炎を長くする必要があるが、これによって脱硝用バーナ６が設けられている壁面の反対側の壁面が過度に加熱されるため、前記反対側の壁面を冷却しているが、この冷却により壁面にコーチングが発生する虞がある。そこで、脱硝用バーナ６を複数設けることで、これらから発せられる火炎を短くすることができ、コーチングの発生を回避することができる。   When one NOx removal burner 6 is used, it is necessary to lengthen the flame emitted from the NOx removal burner 6 in order to obtain the NOx removal effect over a wide area, and thereby the wall surface on which the NOx removal burner 6 is provided Since the wall surface on the opposite side of the above is excessively heated, the wall surface on the opposite side is cooled, but there is a possibility that a coating may be generated on the wall surface by this cooling. Therefore, by providing a plurality of denitration burners 6, the flames emitted from these can be shortened, and the occurrence of coating can be avoided.

次に、本発明に係るセメントキルンの運転方法について、セメント焼成装置１の動作と共に説明する。   Next, the method of operating the cement kiln according to the present invention will be described together with the operation of the cement firing apparatus 1.

主バーナ８で燃料Ｆ１を燃焼させ、プレヒータ３でセメントキルン７からの排ガスＧ１等によって原料Ｒ１の予熱を行い、仮焼炉バーナ１０で燃料Ｆ３を燃焼させて原料Ｒ２を仮焼する。燃料Ｆ３には、微粉炭、重油等が用いられ、可燃性廃棄物を燃料Ｆ３の一部又は全部に用いてもよい。   The fuel F1 is burned by the main burner 8, the raw material R1 is preheated by the exhaust gas G1 and the like from the cement kiln 7 by the preheater 3, and the fuel F3 is burned by the calcination furnace burner 10 to calcinate the raw material R2. For the fuel F3, pulverized coal, heavy oil or the like may be used, and combustible waste may be used for part or all of the fuel F3.

セメントキルン７の窯尻５に設置された脱硝用バーナ６からも燃料Ｆ２を燃焼用空気Ａと共に吹き込み、燃料Ｆ２を燃焼させる。これにより、窯尻５の内部に低酸素濃度領域を形成する。燃料Ｆ２には、微粉炭、重油、天然ガス、石炭灰、可燃性廃棄物及び可燃性物質をガス化したものなどを用いることができ、これらのいずれか一つ又は複数を同時に用いてもよい。   The fuel F2 is blown with the combustion air A from the denitration burner 6 installed in the buttock 5 of the cement kiln 7 to burn the fuel F2. Thus, a low oxygen concentration region is formed inside the buttocks 5. For the fuel F2, pulverized coal, heavy oil, natural gas, coal ash, combustible waste and gasified combustible substances can be used, and any one or more of these may be used simultaneously. .

仮焼した原料Ｒ３をプレヒータ３の最下段サイクロン３ａから窯尻５を介してセメントキルン７に導入し、セメントキルン７で原料Ｒ３を焼成する。この焼成により生じたクリンカをクリンカクーラ９に供給し、クリンカクーラ９で冷却してクリンカＣＬを得る。   The calcined raw material R3 is introduced into the cement kiln 7 from the lowermost cyclone 3a of the preheater 3 through the buttocks 5, and the raw material R3 is fired in the cement kiln 7. The clinker produced by this firing is supplied to the linker cooler 9 and cooled by the clinker cooler 9 to obtain clinker CL.

上記セメントキルン７の運転に際し、窯尻５における酸素分圧を４％以上７％以下に調整する。これにより、セメントキルン７内の原料Ｒ３やクリンカからＳＯｘが発生するのを抑制する。上述のように、セメントキルン７内に存在する原料Ｒ３やクリンカ付近の酸素分圧を高くすることで、原料Ｒ３やクリンカからＳＯｘが発生するのを抑制することができるため、窯尻５の酸素分圧を通常より高く維持する。セメントキルン７内に存在する原料Ｒ３やクリンカ付近の酸素分圧を測定することが好ましいが、実際には測定が困難であるため、一般的にセメントキルン７の運転の指標とされている窯尻５の酸素分圧を調整に用いる。   When operating the cement kiln 7, the partial pressure of oxygen in the buttocks 5 is adjusted to 4% or more and 7% or less. This suppresses the generation of SOx from the raw material R3 in the cement kiln 7 and the clinker. As described above, by raising the oxygen partial pressure in the vicinity of the raw material R3 and clinker present in the cement kiln 7, generation of SOx from the raw material R3 and the clinker can be suppressed. Maintain partial pressure higher than normal. Although it is preferable to measure the oxygen partial pressure in the vicinity of the raw material R3 and clinker present in the cement kiln 7, it is difficult to measure in practice, so it is generally considered as an indicator of the operation of the cement kiln 7. The oxygen partial pressure of 5 is used for adjustment.

窯尻５の酸素分圧の調整は、主バーナ８に供給する燃焼用空気の量、クリンカクーラ９の冷却風量、プレヒータ３への原料Ｒ１の供給量等を調整することによって行う。窯尻５の酸素分圧は、４％以上７％以下に維持するが、セメントキルン７から排出される燃焼ガス中のＳＯｘやＮＯｘの濃度等に応じて４％以上６％以下に調整したり、５％以上７％以下に適宜調整することができる。また、４％以上５％以下、５％以上６％以下又は６％以上７％以下等の狭い範囲で調整してもよい。   The adjustment of the oxygen partial pressure of the buttocks 5 is performed by adjusting the amount of combustion air supplied to the main burner 8, the amount of cooling air of the clinker cooler 9, the supply amount of the raw material R1 to the preheater 3, and the like. The partial pressure of oxygen in the tail end 5 is maintained at 4% or more and 7% or less, but adjusted to 4% or more and 6% or less according to the concentration of SOx or NOx in the combustion gas discharged from the cement kiln 7 And 5% or more and 7% or less. In addition, adjustment may be made in a narrow range such as 4% to 5%, 5% to 6%, or 6% to 7%.

一方、セメントキルン７の排ガスＧ１を脱硝用バーナ６により形成された窯尻５の低酸素濃度領域を通過させ、この領域で排ガスＧ２中のＮＯｘを還元して分解する。排ガスＧ１を脱硝した後のガスを窯尻５から仮焼炉４に導入し、仮焼炉４においても原料Ｒ２が脱炭酸されると共にＮＯｘが分解される。脱硝後のガスは、プレヒータ３を介してセメント焼成装置１から排ガスＧ２として排出される。   On the other hand, the exhaust gas G1 of the cement kiln 7 is allowed to pass through the low oxygen concentration region of the tail end 5 formed by the denitration burner 6, and the NOx in the exhaust gas G2 is reduced and decomposed in this region. The gas after denitration of the exhaust gas G1 is introduced into the calciner 4 from the crucible end 5. Also in the calciner 4, the raw material R2 is decarbonated and NOx is decomposed. The gas after denitrification is discharged as an exhaust gas G2 from the cement burning apparatus 1 through the preheater 3.

以上のように、本実施の形態によれば、窯尻５における酸素分圧を４％以上７％以下に調整することで、セメントキルン７内の原料Ｒ３やクリンカに含まれるＣａＳＯ4、ＭｇＳＯ4、Ｋ2ＳＯ4及びＮａ2ＳＯ4等の硫酸塩が分解するのを抑制し、ＳＯｘがセメントキルン７の内部で発生するのを抑制することができると共に、酸素分圧を高めたことによって生じたＮＯｘを脱硝用バーナ６により形成された低酸素濃度領域を通過させて還元、分解することで、セメントキルン７の排ガスＧ１中のＳＯｘ及びＮＯｘの両方の濃度を低く抑えることができる。As described above, according to the present embodiment, by adjusting the oxygen partial pressure in the buttocks 5 to 4% or more and 7% or less, CaSO 4 and MgSO 4 contained in the raw material R3 in the cement kiln 7 and the clinker. , K 2 sulfates such as SO 4 and Na 2 SO 4 is prevented from degradation caused by SOx can it is possible to suppress occurrence within the cement kiln 7, increased oxygen partial pressure The concentration of both SOx and NOx in the exhaust gas G1 of the cement kiln 7 can be reduced by reducing and decomposing NOx through a low oxygen concentration region formed by the NOx removal burner 6.

また、上記実施の形態によれば、原料Ｒ３に含まれる硫黄分の多くは、ＳＯｘとしてセメントキルン７の排ガスＧ１に含まれるのではなく、クリンカＣＬと共にセメント焼成装置１から排出され、凝結遅延材として有効に利用できる。   Further, according to the above-described embodiment, much of the sulfur contained in the raw material R3 is not contained in the exhaust gas G1 of the cement kiln 7 as SOx, but is discharged from the cement burning device 1 together with the clinker CL. It can be used effectively.

さらに、セメントキルン７の排ガスＧ１に含まれるＳＯｘの量が少ないため、セメントキルン７からプレヒータ３の間における硫黄分の循環濃縮が低減され、セメントキルン７からプレヒータ３の間におけるコーチングの生成が少なくなり、セメント焼成装置１を安定して運転することができる。   Furthermore, since the amount of SOx contained in the exhaust gas G1 of cement kiln 7 is small, the cyclic concentration of sulfur content between cement kiln 7 and preheater 3 is reduced and the formation of coating between cement kiln 7 and preheater 3 is small. Thus, the cement burning apparatus 1 can be operated stably.

さらに、セメント焼成装置１における硫黄分由来のコーチング生成を防止することができるため、硫黄分濃度が高い安価な物質を燃料や原料として利用したり、硫黄分と同様にプレヒータ３においてコーチングを発生させる虞がある塩素分を含む物質を原燃料としてより多く利用することができる。   Furthermore, since the formation of a coating derived from sulfur in cement firing apparatus 1 can be prevented, an inexpensive substance having a high concentration of sulfur can be used as a fuel or a raw material, or the coating can be generated in preheater 3 like sulfur. Substances containing potentially dangerous chlorine can be used more as raw fuel.

１ セメント焼成装置
３ プレヒータ
４ 仮焼炉
５ 窯尻
６ 脱硝用バーナ
７ セメントキルン
８ 主バーナ
９ クリンカクーラ
１０ 仮焼炉バーナ
Ａ 燃焼用空気
ＣＬ クリンカ
Ｆ１ 〜Ｆ３ 燃料
Ｇ１〜Ｇ３ 排ガスDESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 cement baking apparatus 3 preheater 4 calciner 5 fire end 6 burner for NOx removal 7 cement kiln 8 main burner 9 clinker cooler 10 calciner furnace A combustion air CL clinker F1 to F3 fuel G1 to G3 exhaust gas

Claims (3)

セメントキルンの窯尻における酸素分圧を４％以上７％以下に調整すると共に、燃料と燃焼用空気とをバーナを介して該窯尻に吹き込むことを特徴とするセメントキルンの運転方法。   A method of operating a cement kiln, comprising adjusting the partial pressure of oxygen in the buttocks of the cement kiln to 4% to 7% and injecting fuel and combustion air into the buttocks via a burner. 前記燃料と燃焼用空気とを、前記セメントキルンの窯尻に設けられた複数のバーナから吹き込むことを特徴とする請求項１に記載のセメントキルンの運転方法。   The method for operating a cement kiln according to claim 1, wherein the fuel and the combustion air are blown in from a plurality of burners provided at the buttocks of the cement kiln. 前記燃料は、微粉炭、重油、天然ガス、石炭灰、可燃性廃棄物及び可燃性物質をガス化したものから選択される一以上を含むことを特徴とする請求項１又は２に記載のセメントキルンの運転方法。   The cement according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the fuel includes one or more selected from pulverized coal, heavy oil, natural gas, coal ash, combustible waste and gasified combustible materials. How to operate the kiln.
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JP2001046861A (en) * 1999-07-02 2001-02-20 L'air Liquide Calcination method of mineral substance
WO2015133161A1 (en) * 2014-03-06 2015-09-11 太平洋エンジニアリング株式会社 Cement burning apparatus, and method for denitrating exhaust gas from cement kiln

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