JPWO2018003935A1 - Method of manufacturing laminated wood - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to improve the production efficiency of laminated wood without complicating a manufacturing apparatus.
SOLUTION: A wood material 10 is charged into a closed container 11 into which a wood material 10 can be charged, and after the pressure in the closed container 11 is reduced, water vapor at 100 to 230 ° C is supplied into the closed container 11. And the first step of softening the wood material 10, and the wood material 10 softened in the closed container 11 while taking it out from the inside of the closed container 11 or after taking it out from the inside of the closed container 11 And a second step of compressing vertically to the fiber direction of the material 10 to form the compressed wood 12.

Description

  The present invention relates to a method of manufacturing laminated wood.

Conservation and utilization of forest resources are also essential for achieving CO ₂ reduction targets. In particular, cedar forests, which have been planted in large quantities, are not used because cedar wood is insufficient in strength as a construction material, and because of high cost due to labor cost, and the deforestation of artificial forests is remarkable. In addition, using cheap imported materials is also a problem from the viewpoint of global forest resource conservation.

  On the other hand, in the construction industry, laminated wood, which can also be used as a structural material, is expanding the market significantly. The amount of laminated timber used has continued to rise since 2000, and although it was declining during the Lehman shock, it has recovered thereafter and is still rising moderately. In addition, fire and fire resistance can be obtained, and if it is a laminated material that can be structurally calculated, there is a possibility that it can be used for middle and high-rise buildings.

  Laminated lumber has a variation of 6 m in length, which is difficult to obtain with ordinary wood, large plates, and about 1.5 times the strength of ordinary lumber (same level as ordinary laminated lumber). They are traded at a higher price than ordinary wood, because they can be structurally calculated.

  As a method of manufacturing this laminated material, for example, the technology of Patent Document 1 is disclosed. Specifically, a wood material containing a lumber and / or small-size wood is placed in a closed container, and high temperature and high pressure steam is supplied into the closed container to soften the wood material. Then, in a state where the wood material is placed in a closed container, compressed wood is formed by compressing (or further fixing) the fiber material perpendicularly. This makes it possible to produce a laminated material with less variation in strength.

JP 2008-44314 A

  However, in the prior art described above, since the softening and compression (or further fixation) of the wood material are continuously performed in the same sealed container, the wood material to be treated next until these treatments are completed. Can not be placed in a closed container. Since these processes require a relatively long time, the process in the closed process container is a bottleneck in increasing the productivity. Moreover, since it is necessary to implement all the above-mentioned processes in manufacture of a laminated material, an installation is complicated, maintenance takes time, and the installation cost of an installation also costs. Therefore, there is room for improvement in the production efficiency and mass production of laminated wood, and in the manufacturing apparatus. In addition, if it is possible to use a log instead of a lumber or lumber as a wood material, there is no processing cost for making the lumber or lumber, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced. It was not possible to make laminated wood without going through the process of processing into plates and bars.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object thereof is to improve the production efficiency of laminated wood without complicating the production apparatus.

  In order to solve such problems, the first invention is a first step of charging a wood material in a closed container into which the wood material can be charged, and supplying the water vapor to soften the wood material, and the closed container The second step of compressing the wood material in a softened state to form a compressed wood while taking out the internally softened wood material from inside the closed container or taking it out of the closed container Provide a way. Here, in the first step of the first invention, it is preferable that the softening of the wood material is performed with the inside of the closed container under reduced pressure.

  In the second invention, the wood material is charged into the closed container into which the wood material can be charged, and after the pressure in the closed container is reduced, water vapor at 100 to 230 ° C. is supplied into the closed container to The first step of softening the material and the wood material softened in the closed container are perpendicular to the fiber direction of the wood material in a softened state while being taken out from the inside of the closed container or taken out from the inside of the closed container. And a second step of compacting to form compressed wood.

  In the first or second invention, the wood material can be softened by repeating the operation of supplying water vapor into the closed container under reduced pressure in the closed container in the first step a plurality of times.

  In the first or second invention, the wood material may include a plurality of logs or a plurality of divided logs, and the fiber direction may be parallel. Moreover, the said wood material can also carry out multiple-tier stacking so that the fiber direction may contain including some log or some division | segmentation log.

  In the first or second invention, any one or two of the first or second aspect of the present invention, before loading the wood material into the closed container, after removing the wood material from the inside of the closed container, and when removing the wood material from the inside of the closed container. Above, it is preferable to apply, spray, or arrange | position an adhesive agent to woody material. Here, a thermoplastic resin or a thermosetting resin can be used as the component of the adhesive.

  In the first or second invention, it is preferable to sequentially perform the first step and the second step in a state where the holding jig is in contact with the outer periphery of the wood material. Here, the holding jig can have a box capable of containing the wood material, and a pressing lid which is fitted with a slight gap in the box body. In addition, the holding jig is bent in an L-shape at a right angle, and is bent in an L-shape at a right angle with a pair of oppositely disposed molds such that the inner side faces face each other. And a pair of mold assistants slidably disposed opposite to the pair of molds so as to form a rectangular space having a rectangular cross section.

  In the first or second aspect of the invention, the compression of the wood material in the second step is preferably carried out while conveying the wood material, using a pair of compression rollers which are disposed opposite to each other with the wood material interposed therebetween. Here, it is preferable that the pair of compression rollers be disposed in pairs or in pairs with intervals in the longitudinal direction of the wood material.

  In the first or second invention, the compression of the wood material in the second step may be performed while the compression pressure on the wood material is gradually or continuously increased by a press arranged downstream of the closed container. You can also.

  According to the present invention, since the softening process of the wood material is performed in the closed container and the compression process of the wood material is performed outside the closed container, the closed container is compared to the case where both are performed continuously in the closed container. The time required for internal processing can be shortened, and productivity can be improved.

Explanatory drawing of the manufacturing method of the laminated material which concerns on this embodiment Front sectional view of wood material used for manufacturing method of laminated wood Perspective view of other woody materials Explanatory drawing of the 2nd process of the manufacturing method of the laminated material concerning a modification

  Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the attached drawings for understanding of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 (A), in the method of producing laminated wood according to the present embodiment, a first step of softening the wood material 10 (wood to be treated) in the closed container 11; And the second step of forming the compressed wood 12 by compressing it outside the closed container 11. By performing only the softening step in the closed container 11 and performing the compression step outside the closed container 11, it is possible to manufacture a laminated material with high productivity. Details will be described below.

(Preparation process)
The wood material 10 is comprised by several (here ten pieces) elongate log 13 as shown to the left figure of FIG. 2 (A). The log 13 has a length of, for example, about 5 m or less, and the bark-stripped material can be used as it is, but if necessary, 5 to 15 m longitudinally connected using, for example, a finger joint or a scarf joint It is also possible to use something of a degree. The wood material is not limited to this, and as in the wood material 10a shown in FIG. 2 (B), a plurality of (here, 15) halves of the log (an example of a divided log), ie, a half As shown in FIG. 2 (C), a plurality of (four in this case) square bars (small square bars) 15 can be used as the split bars 14 and the wood material 10 b shown in FIG. It can also be composed of (for example, hexagonal) bars. Furthermore, the wood material can also be configured by divided logs obtained by dividing a log into a plurality of parts such as quarters.

  Examples of the log 13 (hereinafter, the same applies to the half split members 14, the square members 15 and the lapping plates and bars) include hinoki, hija, zelkova, cedar, cedar, larch, red pine, ox pine, black pine, dahurika larch , Bay pine, Pinus sylvestris, Todomatsu, Ezo pine, Lawan, Southern pine, Radiata pine, Lodge pole pine, Ponderosa pine beech, Bay deer, Bay fir, Tamo, Shioji, Elm, Itayakaede, hippopotamus, beech, apiton, Mizunara, Tsuka, Alaska yellow Cedar, fir, and spruce can be used. In particular, materials having low fastness and which can not be used as structural materials such as beams, for example, soft materials such as cedar and cypress and thinning materials of small diameter trees are high in fastness and high in strength that can be used as structural materials. By making laminated materials, added value can be increased. The manufacturing method according to the present embodiment is suitable for woods with relatively low specific gravity such as cedar, balsa, straw, falcata, etc., but depending on the application, the wood with relatively high density is further densified and strengthened. It can also be used as a processing technique.

  The above-mentioned wood material 10 is accommodated and fixed in the holding jig 16 so that the fiber direction (that is, the longitudinal direction) of the plurality of logs 13 becomes parallel (in order to fix the wood materials 10a and 10b, respectively) Using holding jigs 16a and 16b having substantially the same configuration and function as the jig 16). In addition, if logs are longitudinally spliced, the longitudinal splice positions are arranged so as not to overlap (for example, the longitudinal splice position is shifted by 30 cm or more). Further, as shown in FIG. 3A, in the case where the wood material 10c is constituted by a plurality of logs 13a (may be half split members 14) having substantially the same diameter, the fiber direction of the plurality of logs 13a (ie, the longitudinal direction It is also possible to stack multiple stages (here three stages) so that the directions are parallel. Also in FIG. 3A, the holding jig 16 is used to accommodate the log 13a, but for convenience of explanation, illustration of the side wall portion of the box 17 described later is omitted (FIG. 3 described later) The same applies to (B)).

  Then, as shown in FIG. 3B, the wood material 10d is composed of a plurality of long logs 13a of substantially the same diameter and a plurality of short logs 13b of the same diameter (which may be half-cut pieces 14). In the case of being carried out, accommodation in the holding jig 16 is performed as follows. First, plural (here, four) logs 13a are arranged in parallel so that the fiber direction of the long logs 13a is parallel. Subsequently, the short log 13b and the long log 13a have their fiber direction (that is, the longitudinal direction) orthogonal (cross) and the fiber direction of the short log 13b is parallel. , Arrange multiple (here, 13). Furthermore, a plurality of long logs 13a and a short log 13b have their fiber directions orthogonal (crossed) and a plurality of long logs 13a have parallel fiber directions (here, 4) Arrange. As described above, a plurality of long logs 13a and short logs 13b may be stacked (here, three).

  As shown in FIG. 2A, the holding jig 16 is a box 17 which can accommodate the wood material 10 and whose upper portion is open and which has four sides (but only two or more sides) surrounded by walls. And a pressing lid 18 which can be placed on the housed wood material 10 and inserted into the box 17 with a slight gap. The holding jig 16 partially contacts the outer peripheral surface of the softened wood material 10 to maintain the softened state of the wood material 10, so the heat capacity is large and temperature decrease can be suppressed (high temperature state can be maintained) Although it is made of a material (for example, a metal such as stainless steel), a heat insulating material may be attached to the outer surface of the holding jig. When the wood material 10 is accommodated in the holding jig 16, the gap formed between the adjacent logs 13 is reduced. In addition, it is also possible to fill the gaps with thin wood, wood chips and the like.

  At this time (that is, before loading the wood material 10 into the closed container 11), an adhesive for bonding the adjacent logs 13 to each other is applied or sprayed to part or all of the outer peripheral surface of the logs 13. In addition, application or spraying of the adhesive on the outer peripheral surface of the log 13 takes out the wood material 10 from the inside of the closed container 11 after charging the wood material 10 into the closed container 11 (during the softening of the wood material 10). It can also be performed at the time (after softening of the wood material 10). The adhesive can also be disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the log 13. As a method of arranging the adhesive, for example, a method of scattering and placing a powdery or granular adhesive on the outer peripheral surface of the log 13 or a method of arranging a rod-shaped adhesive between adjacent logs 13 Etc. Here, as components of the adhesive to be used, there are thermoplastic resin and thermosetting resin, but as described above, the softened wood material 10 is compressed outside the closed container 11 to form the compressed wood 12 Thermoplastic resins are preferred for this purpose.

  As an adhesive containing the above-described thermoplastic resin as a component, for example, polyvinyl acetate or a polyurethane-based adhesive can be used. Further, as an adhesive containing a thermosetting resin as a component, there are, for example, urea-based, melamine urea-based, phenol-based, resorcinol-based, or aqueous vinyl urethane-based, but in particular, low formaldehyde type aqueous polymer isocyanate Adhesive, P-I Bond (registered trademark) 4000 (manufactured by Ohshika Chemitech Co., Ltd.), and a curing agent H- 3 M for P-i-bond, a crosslinking agent for aqueous high molecular weight isocyanate-based adhesive (manufactured by Ohshika Chemitech Co., Ltd.) It is preferable to use a low formaldehyde type tannin adhesive. In addition, PI eye bond 4000 is a milky white liquid without mixing of foreign substances, and has a pH of 6.0 to 6.8, a viscosity of 0.5 to 3.0 Pa · s, and a non volatile matter of 52.0 to 56. It is 0 mass%. Further, the curing agent for PI bond is a black liquid which does not contain foreign matter, has a viscosity of 0.17 ± 0.03 Pa · s and a specific gravity of 1.235 ± 0.005.

(Step 1)
As shown in FIG. 1, the wood material 10 is loaded into the closed vessel 11 in a state of being accommodated in the holding jig 16, and the inside of the closed vessel 11 is evacuated (reduced pressure: for example, 0.1 MPa or less, preferably After setting the pressure to 0.05 MPa or less, more preferably about 0.01 MPa or less), high temperature, high pressure steam is supplied into the closed vessel 11 to soften in an environment of high temperature and high pressure. The closed container 11 has a cylindrical container main body 19, a loading port 20 is provided on the upstream side of the container main body 19 in the longitudinal direction, and a delivery port 21 is provided on the downstream side in the longitudinal direction. The opening and closing lids 22, 23 are provided on the housing. In the container main body 19, pressure reducing means (not shown) for bringing the inside of the closed container 11 into a vacuum state (reduced pressure state) and a steam supply pipe (not shown) for supplying high temperature and high pressure steam into the closed container 11. A drug supply pipe (not shown) for supplying a drug such as a preservative into the sealed container 11 is connected. In addition, a drainage pipe (not shown) for discharging excess water vapor and chemicals in the sealed container 11 and an exhaust pipe for adjusting the pressure in the sealed container 11 raised by the supplied water vapor are shown in the container body 19 (shown in FIG. Not) is also attached.

  Here, the temperature of the steam supplied into the closed vessel 11 is not higher than the carbonization temperature of the wood material 10 and is 100 to 230 ° C. (lower limit is preferably 130 ° C., more preferably 150 ° C., upper limit, preferably) 200 ° C., more preferably 180 ° C.). This is because when the temperature of the water vapor is less than 100 ° C., the wood material becomes difficult to soften, while when it exceeds 230 ° C., the strength of the wood material decreases and discoloration occurs. Further, the pressure of the steam supplied into the closed vessel 11 is 0.1 to 3 MPa (the lower limit is preferably 0.12 MPa, more preferably 0.5 MPa, the upper limit is preferably 2.5 MPa, more preferably 2 MPa) Is preferred. This is because when the pressure of the steam is less than 0.1 MPa, degradation of wood becomes difficult to occur, while when it exceeds 3 MPa, degradation of wood progresses too much and the physical strength of the laminated wood decreases.

  A minimum of 30 minutes to 1 hour is required for the step (critical path) of softening at high temperature and pressure (critical path). By dividing the softening and compression molding, for example, about 6 pieces of material are put in the container for softening, and if it is a process of putting 1 piece into every one, it takes 5 minutes for taking in and out, 30 minutes It becomes softening time.

  Providing a vacuum may also contribute to the drying of the wood material 10. In this case, it is effective to confirm how much drying can be achieved by vacuum drying through experiments and simulations. On the same principle that boiling point goes down when air pressure goes down, water can be vaporized in vacuum, and the same state as evaporation can be made at 100 ° C or more. However, the technology of "low temperature vacuum drying" has already been established. In a general method, heat is applied until the wood temperature in the drying kettle reaches about 70 ° C., and then the inside of the kettle is evacuated to lower the boiling point.

  As described above, when the wood material 10 is placed in a high-temperature, high-pressure water vapor atmosphere for a predetermined time, the wood material 10 absorbs the water vapor to be softened and the wood is decomposed. Here, when the wood material 10 is softened, the operation of supplying water vapor to the inside of the closed container 11 with the inside of the closed container 11 under reduced pressure may be repeated plural times (for example, twice or three times). The wood material 10 can also be charged into the sealed container 11 after being soaked in water to increase the water content. This makes it easier to soften the wood material 10. And, as described above, the adhesive application to the wood material 10 is carried out during or after the softening in the closed container 11 without being carried out before the charging into the closed container 11 as described above. You can also.

(Step 2)
The wood material 10 softened in the closed container 11 is taken out of the closed container 11 by opening the open / close lid 23. Then, immediately after that, that is, while the state in which the wood material 10 is softened is maintained, as shown in the right figure of FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 (A), the temperature and pressure are higher than those in the first step. Both are compressed perpendicularly to the fiber direction of the softened wood material 10 in a low state, typically under an environment of normal temperature and normal pressure (atmospheric pressure). Thereby, compressed wood 12 is formed. In order to compress the wood material 10, a press (not shown) that is disposed downstream of the closed container 11 and presses the entire pressing lid 18 disposed in the box 17 of the holding jig 16 from above is used. The compression of the wood material 10 is preferably performed in a short time because the wood material 10 is taken out from the closed container 11 (the temperature of the wood material 10 at the time of compression is, for example, 100 ° C. or more, Below the temperature in the closed container 11).

  Therefore, although it is preferable to continuously compress the wood material 10 continuously to the final compression pressure (compression thickness), the wood material 10 is repeatedly compressed, for example, several mm and held for several seconds, It can also be carried out while gradually increasing the compression pressure on the wood material 10 to a certain compression pressure. Here, the above-described press may be provided with a heating means. Thereby, for example, it is possible to suppress the heat radiation when the holding jig 16 contacts the press, and the temperature decrease of the holding jig 16 due to the outside air.

  The compression of the wood material 10 may also be performed on the removed portion while taking out the softened wood material 10 from the inside of the closed container 11 without taking it out completely from the inside of the closed container 11 as described above. it can. In this case, it is preferable that the compression pressure be increased stepwise from the longitudinal direction upstream side (the closed container 11 side) of the wood material 10 toward the longitudinal direction downstream side. Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the compression of the wood material 10 can also be performed while conveying the wood material 10 using a compression roller group 24 disposed downstream of the closed container 11. The compression roller group 24 has a plurality of rollers (an example of a compression roller) 25. The rollers 25 are disposed in pairs facing each other with the wood material 10 interposed therebetween, and the longitudinal direction of the wood material 10 ( A plurality of pairs are arranged at intervals in the transport direction).

  As described above, when the compression roller group 24 is used to compress the wood material 10, the holding jig 16c is used. The holding jig 16c is inserted into the box 17 with a slight gap in the box 17, and can be disposed on the wood material 10 accommodated in the box 17, and the upper surface of the box 17 is the box. And a pressing lid 18a located above the upper end of the body 17. In this case, the compression pressure is increased stepwise from the upstream side (the closed container 11 side) of the wood material 10 in the longitudinal direction to the downstream side in the longitudinal direction. As a result, the box body 17 of the holding jig 16c and the pressing lid 18a are conveyed while being compressed by the pair of rollers 25 so that the wood material 10 is compressed (clamped).

  Further, for compression of the wood material 10, instead of the above-described compression roller group 24, a pair of compression rollers disposed opposite to each other with the wood material 10 interposed therebetween can also be used. In this case, the wood material 10 is compressed by reciprocating the holding jig 16c a plurality of times with respect to the pair of compression rollers. Therefore, it is preferable that the compression pressure by the pair of compression rollers be raised stepwise each time the holding jig 16c passes through the pair of compression rollers. The above-described roller 25 can also be provided with a heating means. Thereby, for example, it is possible to suppress the heat radiation when the holding jig 16c contacts the roller 25, and the temperature drop of the holding jig 16c due to the outside air.

  And the holding jig 26 shown to FIG. 4 (A) can also be used instead of the above-mentioned holding jigs 16 and 16c. The holding jig 26 has a pair of molds 27 and 28 disposed opposite to each other in the vertical direction and a pair of mold assistants 29 and 30 disposed opposite to each other in the left and right direction. The pair of molds 27 and 28 are bent in an L-shape at a right angle, are disposed opposite to each other so that the inner side faces face each other, and the molds 27 and 28 are rods provided to the fluid cylinders 31 and 32, respectively. The tips of 33 and 34 are attached, and the molds 27 and 28 can be moved up and down synchronously. Further, the pair of mold assistants 29 and 30 are also bent in an L-shape at a right angle, and a pair of molds 27 and 28 form a rectangular space 35 having a rectangular cross section. , 28 is slidably disposed opposite to each other.

  In use, as shown in the right figure of FIG. 4A, the rods 33 and 34 of the fluid cylinders 31 and 32 are protruded in the center direction, that is, the upper mold 27 is lowered and the lower mold is By raising 28, the mold assistants 29 and 30 slide in the center direction, and the space 35 formed by the pair of molds 27 and 28 and the pair of mold assistants 29 and 30 becomes smaller, The wood material 10 e (the plurality of logs 13) disposed in the space 35 can be compressed to form the compressed wood 12 a. As shown in FIG. 4B, without providing the fluid cylinders 31 and 32 in the holding jig 26 described above, a pair of molds 27 and 28 containing a wood material 10e and a pair of mold assistants A pair of compression rollers 36 and 37 disposed opposite to each other with 29 and 30 interposed therebetween and a pair of compression rollers 38 and 39 disposed opposed to each other in the longitudinal direction of the wood material 10 e It can also be arranged alternately. Thereby, the wood material 10e can be compressed substantially equally from its four sides (surroundings).

  Here, the compression of the wood material 10 is performed such that the cross-sectional area is, for example, about 1/3 to 2/3 (volume is about 1/3 to 2/3) (the wood material 10 has a specific gravity of approximately It can be compressed to 1.5, and the compression pressure is, for example, about 0.6 to 2.5 MPa. This is because when the cross-sectional area of the wood material is compressed to be less than 1/3, the force applied to the wood material during compression becomes too large, while when the cross-sectional area is compressed to exceed 2/3, the manufactured assembly It is because the strength of the material decreases. In addition, although the cross-sectional shape of the obtained compressed wood 12 is a square or a rectangle, The one side is about 0.3-1.3 m, for example, However, since it can change variously according to a specification, It is not limited. After the wood material 10 is taken out of the closed container 11 when compressing the above-mentioned wood material 10, the outlet 21 of the closed container 11 is closed with the open / close lid 23, and the open / close lid 22 provided in the inlet 20 is opened. Next, the wood material to be treated is placed in the closed container 11, and in parallel with the compression of the wood material 10 (second step), the first step of the wood material to be treated is treated.

  As described above, in a state where the holding jig 16 is in contact with the outer periphery of the wood material 10, the first step and the second step are sequentially performed, whereby a softened state in which the wood (for example, fiber) is decomposed (first After completion of the process, the wood material can be mechanically compressed while maintaining its state. In addition, the site | part which the temperature of the wood material fell can also be heated by providing a heating means downstream from the airtight container 11. FIG. This compression is maintained until the compression mode of the compressed wood 12 is stable (the reaction force is lost). This reduces the fine cavities in the wood material and increases its density and strength. At this time, hemicellulose and lignin contained in wood are partially depolymerized to form a phenolic compound and a furfural compound. These compounds have the property of inhibiting the growth of mosses and fungi, and can improve the durability of wood materials against wood-rot fungi.

(Shipping process)
The compressed wood 12 produced by the above method is dried at normal temperature or in a drier, and then, as required, surface finish and processing are performed to use it as a laminated material. In the present embodiment, the case where the wood material is accommodated in the holding jig 16 and the first step and the second step are sequentially performed has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, after a plurality of logs (wood materials) are loaded simultaneously or one by one into the closed container and the first step is performed, the softened logs are taken out one by one from the inside of the closed container, and an adhesive is applied Then, a plurality of logs can be accommodated, for example, in the holding jig 16 to perform the second step. The holding jig 16 may be heated in the above-mentioned closed container, or may be heated using an electric furnace or the like.

  Moreover, this embodiment demonstrated the case where the compressed wood 12 was manufactured, using several log 13 as the wood material 10. As shown in FIG. However, after using the single log 13 as the wood material and sequentially processing the first and second steps described above on the log 13 to produce compressed wood, a plurality of compressed woods are used (plural Alternatively, the fiber directions may be parallel to each other, and the fiber directions may be overlapped and adhered with an adhesive, and the treatments as the first step and the second step may be sequentially performed as a wood material. That is, the application of the adhesive is carried out after taking out the wood material 10 from the inside of the closed processing container 11 before loading the wood material 10 into the closed container 11 and when taking out the wood material 10 from inside the closed container 11. You may go by either.

  This improves the production efficiency of laminated wood, and the specific gravity, Brinell hardness, bending Young's modulus, and compressive strength are good as compared with high strength laminated wood, specifically, non-compressed laminated wood. Mass production of laminated timber becomes possible. At the same time, it becomes easy to manufacture hybrid materials in which materials other than wood (for example, iron) are mixed with wood. In addition, the laminated wood manufactured according to the present embodiment can use thinned wood with a small diameter as large pillars, beams and outer walls, floor plates, floorings and other plate materials, and since the density is increased by compression, the water becomes wood It is difficult to infiltrate, and the effect of slowing down the decay can be expected, and it can be used for outdoor decks and the like. Furthermore, since compression strength is increased by compression, it can be used for foundations, wood block bricks, etc., and by controlling the compression rate, wood of various densities can be provided. If it is cedar, it is possible to produce wood with a specific gravity of 0.31 to 1.1.

  As described above, according to the present embodiment, since the softening process of the wood material is performed in the closed container 11 and the compression process of the wood material is performed outside the closed container 11, both are continuously performed in the same closed container. Compared to the case, the time required for processing in the sealed container 11 can be shortened, and productivity can be improved. Further, since compression of the wood material is performed outside the closed container 11, the compression mechanism can be omitted from the closed container 11, which contributes to cost reduction of the apparatus. In addition, as an apparatus which produces | generates a high temperature / high pressure state, there also exists a possibility that the autoclave which produces | generates high temperature / pressure by saturated vapor | steam inside can be utilized. If compression molding at normal temperature and normal pressure is possible, it is possible to compress a large amount of wood.

  Moreover, according to the present embodiment, the production efficiency (softening efficiency) of the laminated wood can be improved without complicating the manufacturing apparatus (for example, the existing autoclave can be used to soften the wood material). Mass production of materials becomes possible. In particular, when the wood material is softened in the first step, the inside of the closed container in which the wood material is charged is decompressed, so that the cells of the wood material can be expanded. Then, since high temperature water vapor is supplied into the closed container, the water vapor is subjected to the action of suction due to the cell contraction of the wood material in addition to its jet output, so that the heat is transmitted to the inside of the wood material. Can be softened in a short time.

  Furthermore, according to the present embodiment, the cell membrane of the wood material can be broken or damaged by repeating the operation of decompressing the inside of the sealed container and supplying the water vapor in the first step a plurality of times, and even within the cell membrane. Water vapor can be permeated. And when wood material contains a plurality of logs or a plurality of divided logs, processing cost for making a log into a pulling plate or a square bar becomes unnecessary like before, and reduction of a manufacturing cost can be aimed at.

  Here, the difference between the laminated wood according to the present embodiment and the general laminated wood will be supplemented. In general, the laminated wood is processed into a lamina (plate material) at the time of manufacture, and is subjected to a process of forming joints and finger joints of longitudinal joints, etc., so the yield is poor. The yield from domestic wood logs is said to be 30 to 38%. In this embodiment, it is possible to increase the yield and at the same time to reduce the cost for lumbering by forming the logs as they are without lumbering and using them as bars. On the other hand, the use of heat to soften the cost of doing so increases. However, it is advantageous to set up the plant in the production area of wood from which a large amount of wood chips and wood chips are discharged, because the heat that burns them can be used. In the case of producing a laminated material from a log, the log is naturally dried and drying is required after lumbering. However, with this technique, it is possible to omit the drying step or significantly reduce the drying time.

In addition, supplement the cost reduction by using log or log half-cut material as raw material. Until now, when producing the same wood as compression molded wood manufactured by cutting a plate material from lamina and using a bar material with a length of 60 cm and a diameter of 15 to 20 mm as the raw material, the largest barrier is the raw wood It is the cost from making the wood chip which becomes the raw material of timber to. According to an interview survey at the lumber supply site around Fukuoka Prefecture and Oita Prefecture, the unit price of raw wood is approximately 10,000 yen / m ³ , while the unit price of lumber with lumber of 30,000 yen for green lumber is 30,000 yen. m ³ , and imported timber of laminated timber is 25,000 yen / m ³ . In the case of using these materials as raw materials, it is necessary to cut them into pieces of wood to some extent, which increases the cost. Taking advantage of the characteristics of the manufacturing method that can be compressed and molded, it is possible to reduce the cost involved in the production of raw materials by using a log material regardless of the small, medium or large opening. Moreover, it becomes possible to use cheap bending materials without being particular about direct materials. If it is log import material, cheaper material may be obtained. However, it is better to use a rod-like material for the stability of the quality of the material (the strength and the quality will vary if the same material is dense and compact). As for the adhesive, in the case of the log material, the bonding area as a whole is reduced, the cost is reduced, and the adhesive application process becomes easier.

  As mentioned above, although this invention was demonstrated with reference to embodiment mentioned above, it is not limited to the structure illustrated as this embodiment, It is considered within the range described in the claim. Other embodiments and modifications are also included. For example, it is also included in the scope of the present invention when combining a part or all of each embodiment or modification mentioned above, and constituting a manufacturing method of a laminated material of the present invention. For example, the wood material may be configured by combining any two or more of the above-described log, half-split material (divided log), lumber and lumber. In the embodiment described above, although the case where the first step and the second step are sequentially performed using the holding jig having the box capable of containing the wood material and the pressing lid has been described, the wood material can be held. With this construction, other holding jigs can be used, and if necessary, a plurality of logs can be integrally fixed to hold the wood material without using the holding jigs. it can.

  By using the method for producing laminated wood of the present invention, the production efficiency of laminated wood can be improved, and mass production of laminated wood becomes possible without complicating the production apparatus, which contributes to global forest resource conservation. it can.

10, 10a to 10e: Wood material 11: Closed container 12, 12a: Compressed wood 13, 13a to 13b: Log 14: Half split 15: Square bar 16, 16a to 16c: Holding jig 17: Box 18, 18a: Pressing lid 19: container body 20: loading port 21: unloading port 22, 23: opening and closing lid 24: compression roller group 25: roller (compression roller)
26: holding jigs 27 and 28: molds 29 and 30: mold auxiliary tools 31 and 32: fluid cylinders 33 and 34: rods 35: spaces 36 to 39: compression rollers

In order to solve such problems, the first invention is a first step of charging a wood material in a closed container into which the wood material can be charged, and supplying the water vapor to soften the wood material, and the closed container the wooden materials softened by the inner, while removed from the closed vessel or, after removal from the closed container, have a second step of forming a compressed wood by compressing the wood material softened state, wood-based materials The manufacturing method of the laminated material which performs a 1st process and a 2nd process one by one in the state which contact | abutted the holding jig to outer periphery of this invention is provided. Here, in the first step of the first invention, it is preferable that the softening of the wood material is performed with the inside of the closed container under reduced pressure.

In the second invention, the wood material is charged into the closed container into which the wood material can be charged, and after the pressure in the closed container is reduced, water vapor at 100 to 230 ° C. is supplied into the closed container to The first step of softening the material and the wood material softened in the closed container are perpendicular to the fiber direction of the wood material in a softened state while being taken out from the inside of the closed container or taken out from the inside of the closed container. compressing have a second step of forming a compressed wood, in a state where the outer periphery abutting the holding jig of woody material, provides a method for producing a laminated wood sequentially performing the first step and the second step Do.

  In the first or second invention, the holding jig can have a box capable of containing the wood material and a pressing lid which is fitted into the box with a slight gap. In addition, the holding jig is bent in an L-shape at a right angle, and is bent in an L-shape at a right angle with a pair of oppositely disposed molds such that the inner side faces face each other. And a pair of mold assistants slidably disposed opposite to the pair of molds so as to form a rectangular space having a rectangular cross section.

According to the present invention, since the softening process of the wood material is performed in the closed container and the compression process of the wood material is performed outside the closed container, the closed container is compared to the case where both are performed continuously in the closed container. The time required for internal processing can be shortened, and productivity can be improved. Also, by holding the holding jig in contact with the outer periphery of the wood material, by sequentially performing the first step and the second step, the wood material in a softened state in which the wood is decomposed is mechanically maintained while maintaining the state. Can be compressed to

Claims (14)

A first step of charging the woody material in a closed container into which the woody material can be charged and supplying the steam to soften the woody material;
A second step of compressing the woody material in a softened state to form a compressed wood while taking out the woody material softened in the closed vessel from inside the closed vessel or after taking it out from the closed vessel And a method of producing a laminated material characterized in that   The method according to claim 1, wherein in the first step, the softening of the wood material is performed by reducing the pressure in the closed container. The woody material is charged into a closed container into which woody material can be charged, and after the pressure in the closed container is reduced, water vapor at 100 to 230 ° C. is supplied into the closed container to The first step of softening the
The wood material softened in the closed container is taken out from the inside of the closed container, or after taken out from the inside of the closed container, the compressed wood is compressed perpendicularly to the fiber direction of the wood material in a softened state. And a second step of forming a laminated member.   4. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the first step, the operation of supplying water vapor to the inside of the closed container with the pressure in the closed container reduced is repeated a plurality of times to soften the wood material. The manufacturing method of the laminated timber as described in any.   The method for producing laminated wood according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the wood material includes a plurality of logs or a plurality of divided logs, and the fiber direction is parallel.   The laminated wood according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the wood material includes a plurality of logs or a plurality of divided logs, and a plurality of layers are stacked so that fiber directions cross each other. Production method.   Before loading the wood material into the closed container, after removing the wood material from the inside of the closed container, and when removing the wood material from the inside of the closed container, The method for producing laminated wood according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein an adhesive is applied, sprayed, or placed on the woody material.   The method for producing laminated wood according to claim 7, wherein the component of the adhesive is a thermoplastic resin or a thermosetting resin.   The manufacturing of the laminated wood according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the first step and the second step are sequentially performed in a state where the holding jig is in contact with the outer periphery of the wood material. Method.   10. The laminated material according to claim 9, wherein the holding jig has a box capable of containing the wood material, and a pressing lid which is inserted with a slight clearance in the box. Production method.   The holding jig is bent in an L shape at a right angle, and is bent in an L shape at a right angle with a pair of oppositely disposed molds such that the inner side faces face each other, the pair of molds And a pair of mold auxiliaries slidably disposed opposite to the pair of molds such that a space having a rectangular cross section is formed by Material manufacturing method.   12. The compression of the wood material in the second step is carried out while conveying the wood material using a pair of compression rollers which are disposed opposite to each other with the wood material interposed therebetween. The manufacturing method of the laminated timber as described in any.   The method of manufacturing laminated lumber according to claim 12, wherein the pair of compression rollers is disposed in pairs or in pairs with intervals along the longitudinal direction of the wood material. The compression of the wood material in the second step is carried out while the compression pressure on the wood material is increased stepwise or continuously by a press machine disposed downstream of the closed container. The manufacturing method of the laminated wood as described in any one of 1 to 11.

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