JPWO2016009653A1 - Pipe expansion machine - Google Patents

Abstract

A pipe expander that can manufacture steel pipes at low cost is provided. A cone (170) which is fitted to the tip of a draw bar connected to the cylinder and gradually changes in size in the axial direction; and a tube expansion head outer surface member (22) disposed on the outer periphery of the cone. When the cone is pulled in the axial direction by the cylinder, the expansion head outer surface member expands in the radial direction by the wedge action of the cone and the expansion head outer surface member, and the steel pipe installed on the outer periphery of the expansion head outer surface member is expanded. In the tube expanding machine, the cone has a removable liner (171) on a contact surface with the tube expanding head outer surface member.

Description

  The present invention relates to a pipe expander used for manufacturing a welded pipe such as a UOE steel pipe.

  In general, in the manufacture of a welded pipe typified by a UOE steel pipe, the roundness and straightness deteriorate after welding of the inner and outer surfaces of the pipe due to residual stress due to the thermal effect of this welding. Therefore, in order to remove residual stress and correct roundness and straightness, tube expansion is performed.

  About this pipe expansion, it describes in the nonpatent literature 1, for example. 1 (a) and 1 (b) are transcribed figures disclosed in Non-Patent Document 1. FIG. In the pipe expanding step, the pipe expanding head 13 of the mechanical pipe expanding machine 100 is passed through the inside of the steel pipe 1 subjected to the submerged arc welding from the inner and outer surfaces. As shown in FIG. 1 (b), when the cone 17 of the tube expansion head 13 is pulled in the axial direction, the jaw 18 spreads in the radial direction by the wedge action of the cone 17 and the jaw 18, and is attached to the outside of the jaw 18. The die 19 spreads the steel pipe 1. Here, the combination of the jaw 18 and the die 19 corresponds to the tube expansion head outer peripheral member.

  In such a tube expansion process, as shown in FIG. 1B, the cone 17 and the jaw 18 slide on a sliding surface which is a contact surface between them.

  In recent years, the strength of the steel pipe 1 is increased, and an excessive force is applied when the cone 17 is pulled in the axial direction, and the surface pressure is excessive on the sliding surface between the cone 17 and the jaw 18. There has been a problem that seizure occurs on the sliding surface, making it impossible to expand the tube, and maintenance of the sliding surfaces of the cone 17 and the jaw 18 is required.

  On the other hand, Patent Document 1 proposes forming a hardened layer having a depth of 0.05 to 1.5 mm by nitriding treatment on the surface layer of the cone. In Patent Document 2, the hardness of the segment (corresponding to the above-mentioned jaw) is HRC 45 to 52, and it is proposed that the surface is subjected to nitrosulphurizing treatment. And in patent document 3, in order to reduce the seizing in the sliding surface of the cone 17 and the jaw 18, supplying lubricating oil to the sliding surface of the cone 17 and the jaw 18 is proposed.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 01-299723 JP 05-195158 A JP 2007-284519 A

Steel Handbook Volume 3 (2), 4th Edition, 12.4.6

  However, in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2, no consideration is given to the relationship between the cone and the segment (jaw), and seizure of the sliding portion of the sliding surface cannot be sufficiently prevented. Further, seizure of the sliding portion of the sliding surface cannot be sufficiently prevented only by supplying lubricating oil as in Patent Document 3. If seizure occurs at the sliding portion, the cone must be replaced. However, since the cone is expensive, the replacement of the cone greatly increases the manufacturing cost of the steel pipe.

  This invention is made | formed with respect to such a problem, and it aims at providing the pipe expander which can manufacture a steel pipe at low cost.

  Inventors repeated earnest research in order to achieve the above-mentioned subject. As a result, the present inventors have found that the above-mentioned problem can be solved by providing the cone with a liner on the contact surface with the jaw, and have completed the present invention. More specifically, the present invention provides the following.

  [1] A cone that is fitted to the tip of a draw bar connected to a cylinder and whose outer circumference gradually changes in the axial direction, and a tube expansion head outer surface member disposed on the outer circumference of the cone. The pipe expanding machine expands the steel pipe installed on the outer periphery of the pipe expansion head outer surface member by expanding the pipe expansion head outer surface member in the radial direction by the wedge action of the cone and the pipe expansion head outer surface member by pulling the cone in the axial direction. And the said cone has a liner which can be attached or detached in the contact surface with the said pipe expansion head outer surface member, The pipe expansion machine characterized by the above-mentioned.

  [2] The tube expansion machine according to [1], wherein a hardness difference exists between the liner and the tube expansion head outer surface member at a contact surface between the liner and the tube expansion head outer surface member.

  [3] The tube expansion machine according to [2], wherein the hardness difference is 20 to 50 HS.

  [4] The tube expansion machine according to [2] or [3], wherein a hardness of a soft member is 30 HS or more on a contact surface between the liner and the tube expansion head outer surface member.

  [5] The tube expansion machine according to any one of [2] to [4], wherein the soft side member is the liner.

  [6] The tube expansion machine according to any one of [1] to [5], wherein the liner is made of a copper alloy.

  In this specification, HS refers to the hardness HS according to JIS Z 2246 Shore hardness test.

  Since the cone of the pipe expander of the present invention has a detachable liner on the contact surface with the pipe head outer surface member, when seizure occurs on the liner, it is only necessary to replace the liner instead of the entire cone. For this reason, according to this invention, the increase in the manufacturing cost of the steel pipe by replacement | exchange of a cone can be suppressed.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an example of a pipe expander, (a) is a diagram showing a configuration of a conventional pipe expander, and (b) is a diagram showing a configuration of a pipe expander head. 2A and 2B are schematic views showing an example of a tube expansion head of the tube expansion machine of the present invention. FIG. 2A shows a case of a tube expansion head outer surface member composed of a jaw and a die, and FIG. 2B shows a case where the jaw and the die are integrated. This is the case of the outer surface member of the expanded pipe head. FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing an example of a cone arranged in the pipe expander of the present invention, in which (a) is a cross section perpendicular to the axis, and (b) is a cross section in the axial direction. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the relationship between the hardness difference between the liner and the jaw and the friction coefficient between the liner and the jaw.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described. In addition, this invention is not limited to the following embodiment.

First Embodiment FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an example of a pipe expander. Fig.1 (a) is a figure which shows the structure of a pipe expansion machine, (b) is a figure which shows the structure of a pipe expansion head.

  FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing an example of a tube expansion head of the tube expander of the present invention. FIG. 2A shows the case of a tube expansion head outer surface member composed of a jaw and a die, and FIG. 2B shows the case of a tube expansion head outer surface member in which the jaw and the die are integrated.

  FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing an example of a cone arranged in the pipe expander of the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 1A, the pipe expander 100 includes a pipe expander main body 14, an axial infeed 15, and a cross feed 16.

  The pipe expander main body 14 includes a cylinder 11, a horn 12, and a pipe expansion head 13.

  The cross feed 16 conveys the steel pipe 1 in a direction orthogonal to the paper surface by a walking beam method. The axial infeed 15 pushes the steel pipe 1 conveyed by the cross feed 16 into the pipe expander main body 14 side.

  The pipe expansion head 13 is inserted into the steel pipe 1 when the steel pipe 1 is conveyed to the side of the pipe expander main body 14. The cylinder 11 pulls the tube expansion head 13 provided at the tip of the horn 12 in the axial direction. The pipe expansion head 13 expands the diameter of the steel pipe 1 from the inside by expanding the outer circumference in the radial direction.

  As shown in FIG. 1B, the tube expansion head 13 has a cone 17, a jaw 18, and a die 19. The cone 17 is fitted at the tip of a draw bar 21 connected to the cylinder 11. The size of the outer periphery of the cone 17 gradually changes in the axial direction. “The size of the outer periphery gradually changes” means that the shape is a taper shape. For example, the cone 17 may have a truncated pyramid shape. As the cylinder 11 expands and contracts, the cone 17 moves in the axial direction. A combination of the jaw 18 and the die 19 corresponds to a tube expansion head outer surface member.

  The jaw 18 is composed of a plurality of segments, and the plurality of segments are combined to form a tubular shape. A cone 17 is disposed inside the tubular jaw 18. The inner side of the jaw 18 is formed in a shape along the outer periphery of the cone 17 and is configured to be slidable with the outer periphery of the cone 17. In this description, the sliding surfaces of the cone 17 and the jaw 18 are also referred to as sliding surfaces.

  The die 19 is composed of a plurality of segments, and is provided on the outer periphery of the jaw 18.

  The lubricating oil supply pipe 20 supplies lubricating oil to the sliding surfaces of the cone 17 and the jaw 18.

  In the pipe expander 100 configured as described above, the cone 17 moves in the axial direction by the expansion and contraction of the cylinder 11, so that the cone 17 and the jaw 18 ride on each other on the sliding surface (wedge action). Thereby, the dies 19 provided on the outer periphery of the jaw 18 spread radially. Since the steel pipe 1 is fitted on the outer periphery of the die 19, the steel pipe 1 is expanded from the inside by radially expanding the die 19, and the diameter of the steel pipe 1 is increased.

  In the conventional pipe expander, the cone 17 is seized on the sliding surface of the cone 17 and the jaw 18. The seizure that occurs on the surface of the cone 17 requires replacement of the cone 17. Since the cone 17 is expensive, replacement of the cone 17 significantly increases the manufacturing cost of the steel pipe.

  Therefore, in the present invention, a configuration in which the detachable liner 171 is provided on the surface where the cone 17 contacts the jaw 18 is adopted.

  Hereinafter, the pipe expander of the present invention will be described. The configuration of the pipe expander of the present invention is the same as that of the pipe expander shown in FIG. Therefore, the pipe expander of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the cone 17 of the pipe expander 100 of the present invention has a cone body 170, a liner 171, and a bolt 172 for fixing the liner 171 to the cone body 170.

  In the cone 17 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the outer surface of the cone body 170 is tapered along the axial direction. Further, as shown in FIG. 3B, the cone body 170 has a regular decagonal cross section in the axial direction. Each side of the regular decagon forms one segment 1700, and the cone body 170 is composed of ten segments 1700. As shown in FIG. 3B, a groove 1701 extending in the axial direction of the cone 17 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the cone 17 of each segment 1700. The groove 1701 is deepest at the center, and has stepped surfaces 1701A and 1701B at both ends.

  In the cone 17 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the liner 171 has a plate shape extending in the axial direction of the cone 17, and two liners 171 are fixed to each segment 1700 of the cone body 170. In the cone 17 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the liner 171 is fixed with bolts 172 along the step surfaces 1701 </ b> A and 1701 </ b> B. The liner 171 is detachable by a bolt 172.

  In the cone 17 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the bolt 172 is not limited to the bolt 172 as long as it is a fixture capable of detachably fixing the liner 171 on the cone body 170.

  In the present invention, the liner 171 does not have to be present on the entire contact surface between the cone 17 and the jaw 18, and the liner 171 is present on a part of the contact surface as long as no problem due to seizure occurs on the cone 17. There may be areas that do not.

  The effect of the pipe expander 100 of 1st embodiment is demonstrated.

  The cone 17 of the pipe expander 100 has a liner 171 on the contact surface with the jaw 18. Therefore, when the tube expander 100 is used, the contact surface between the liner 171 and the jaw 18 becomes a sliding surface. Even if seizure occurs on the surface of the liner 171 due to sliding on the sliding surface, it is only necessary to replace the liner 171. Therefore, an increase in cost can be suppressed as compared with the case where the entire cone 17 is replaced.

  In particular, since it is only necessary to replace the liner 171 where seizure occurs, the cost can be further reduced.

2nd embodiment In the pipe expander of 2nd embodiment, the same code | symbol is used for the structure same as the pipe expander 100 of 1st embodiment. The pipe expander 100 of the second embodiment is common in that it is composed of the same members as the pipe expander 100 of the first embodiment, and the hardness of the liner 171 and the hardness of the jaw 18 are adjusted to a specific range. This is different from the pipe expander 100 of the first embodiment. In the following description, description of the common parts with the pipe expander 100 of the first embodiment is omitted.

In the pipe expander 100 of the second embodiment, there is a hardness difference between the liner 171 and the jaw 18 at the contact surface between the liner 171 and the jaw 18. For measurement of hardness, JIS
The Z 2246 Shore hardness test may be used.

  The hardness difference is preferably 20 to 50 HS.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the hardness of the soft member on the contact surface between the liner 171 and the jaw 18 is 30 HS or more.

  The soft member is preferably a liner 171.

  The effect of the pipe expander 100 of 2nd embodiment is demonstrated.

  By providing a hardness difference between the liner 171 and the jaw 18, the smaller hardness (soft side) is worn, the contact pressure of the contact surface between the liner 171 and the jaw 18 is reduced, and the sliding portion between the liner 171 and the jaw 18 is reduced. Burn-in can be reduced. As a result, the replacement frequency of the liner 171 can be reduced.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the relationship between the hardness difference between the liner 171 and the jaw 18 and the friction coefficient between the liner 171 and the jaw 18. The hardness difference HS on the horizontal axis in FIG. 4 is a value obtained by subtracting the hardness of the liner 171 from the hardness of the jaw 18. The friction coefficient between the liner 171 and the jaw 18 when the hardness of the liner 171 is 40 HS and the hardness of the jaw 18 is changed from 33 to 95 HS is shown.

  4 that the friction coefficient between the liner 171 and the jaw 18 is smaller when the hardness difference between the liner 171 and the jaw 18 is 20 to 50 HS. When the friction coefficient is small, it is possible to further suppress the occurrence of seizure in the liner 171 and the jaw 18.

  Therefore, if the hardness difference is adjusted to a range of 20 to 50 HS, the replacement frequency of the liner 171 can be further suppressed.

  Further, by setting the hardness of the soft member to 30 HS or more, problems due to excessive deformation of the soft member are less likely to occur. That is, if the hardness of the soft member is 30 HS or more, the predetermined shape of the member can be sufficiently retained. The hardness of the soft member is preferably 40 HS or more.

  The member on the soft side is preferably a liner 171. The liner 171 has more corners and the like than the jaw 18, and seizure is likely to occur starting from these. Therefore, the seizure can be reduced by using the soft side as the liner 171 and promoting the wear of the liner 171.

Modified Example In the present invention, it is preferable to use a copper alloy for the liner 171. As the copper alloy, it is preferable to use a copper alloy containing copper in a mass fraction (mass%) of 55% or more and 96% or less. As components other than Cu, Pb, Fe, Sn, Zn, Al, Mn, Ni, P, etc. may be included. In particular, it is preferable to use aluminum bronze as the copper alloy. As described above, the hardness difference between the liner 171 and the jaw 18 is 20 to 50 HS, and the liner 171 is preferably soft. Therefore, the jaw 18 has a hardness of 50 HS or more and 80 HS or less with respect to the aluminum bronze hardness 30 HS. It is preferable to use a holding member.

  A copper alloy such as aluminum bronze is used for the liner 171, and in particular, the jaw 18 is provided with a hardness difference of 20 HS or more and 50 HS with respect to the liner 171, so that the smaller hardness (aluminum bronze side) is worn. The surface pressure of the 18 contact surfaces can be reduced, and the seizure of the sliding portion between the liner 171 and the jaw 18 can be reduced. As a result, the replacement frequency of the liner 171 can be further reduced.

  According to the conventional knowledge, the ease of seizure of two kinds of metals that slide on each other indicates that seizure hardly occurs when the liquid phase does not completely dissolve in the binary equilibrium diagram of the two metals. It is said that. However, Ag, Cd, Pb, etc. are known as metals that do not completely dissolve in the liquid phase with steel. These metals or alloys containing these metals as main components are difficult to employ industrially from the viewpoint of cost and environmental problems. On the other hand, Al, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, etc., which are known as metals that are completely dissolved in a liquid phase with steel, are likely to be seized with steel. Here, Cu is also known as a metal that is completely dissolved in a liquid phase with steel. As a result of investigations by the present inventors, it has been found that in the case of an alloy containing Cu, that is, a copper alloy, particularly aluminum bronze, seizure hardly occurs even when sliding with steel. A mechanism that reduces the seizure of the sliding portion by using a copper alloy for the liner 171 is not necessarily clear. In this respect, the present inventors have a small Cu solid solubility limit in solid-phase Fe, and it is easy for solid-phase Fe and solid-phase Cu to exist separately in the solid-phase region. I infer that it may have contributed. Among copper alloys, aluminum bronze is particularly suitable because of a similar mechanism.

Here, the aluminum bronze is Cu corresponding to alloy numbers C6140, C6161, and C6280 described in JIS H3100, and alloy numbers C6161, C6191, and C6241 described in JIS H3250. : 78.0 to 92.5%, Al: 6.0 to 11.0%, Fe: 1.5 to 5.0%, Mn: 2.0% or less, etc. . In addition to aluminum bronze, JIS is also used.
JIS, including tin-containing brass with alloy number C4250 described in H3100
Various copper alloys containing 55% or more and 96% or less of Cu described in H 3100 and JIS H 3250 can be used.

  As described above, the present invention has been described by taking as an example the case where the outer surface member of the tube expansion head includes the jaw 18 and the die 19, but the tube expansion head in which the jaw 18 and the die 19 are integrated as shown in FIG. The outer surface member 22 has the same effect.

  As an example of the present invention, in the expansion of the welded pipe, whether or not the sliding surfaces of the liner 171 and the jaw 18 are seized when the hardness of the liner 171 in FIGS. 2 and 3 is 40 HS and the hardness of the jaw 18 is 40 HS, 60 HS, and 80 HS. And the appearance of wear occurrence was investigated. The results are shown in Table 1.

  When the hardness of the jaw 18 was 40 HS (hardness difference 0), the liner 171 and the jaw 18 were not worn and seizure occurred after the number of expansions of 1000 times. Therefore, when the liner 171 was replaced with a new one, it was possible to smoothly expand the tube (No. 1 in Table 1).

  When the hardness of the jaw 18 was 60 HS (hardness difference 20 HS), small abrasion occurred on the liner 171 when the number of expansions was 3,000, but no seizure occurred when the number of expansions was 30,000. The liner 171 did not need to be replaced even when the number of tube expansions was 30,000 (No. 2 in Table 1).

  Further, when the hardness of the jaw 18 was 80 HS (hardness difference 40 HS), the liner 171 was greatly worn at the time when the number of tube expansions was 3,000, but no seizure occurred at that time. The replacement frequency of the liner 171 was about 3,000 times of tube expansion (No. 3 in Table 1).

  From the above, even if seizure occurs, it is only necessary to replace the liner 171, thereby reducing the cost of pipe expansion. Further, the seizure can be reduced by setting the hardness difference between the liner 171 and the jaw 18 to 20 to 50 HS. Furthermore, it was found that by changing the hardness difference between the liner 171 and the jaw 18 within the aforementioned range, the amount of liner wear can be adjusted and the frequency of liner replacement can be reduced.

  As an example of the present invention, in the expansion of a welded pipe, presence or absence of occurrence of seizure and occurrence of wear on the sliding surfaces of the liner 171 and jaw 18 when the liner 171 and jaw 18 in FIGS. The appearance of was investigated. The results are shown in Table 2. In addition, this Example 2 was performed in order to confirm the effect of using a copper alloy for a liner.

  When the hardness of the liner was 80 HS and the hardness of the jaw 18 was 80 HS (hardness difference 0), the liner 171 and the jaw 18 were not worn and seizure occurred after the number of expansions of 1000 times. Therefore, when the liner 171 was replaced with a new one, it was possible to smoothly expand the tube (No. 4 in Table 2).

  Aluminum bronze consisting of Cu: 82.3%, Al: 10.4%, Fe: 3.4%, Mn: 1.9%, Ni: 1.82%, balance: impurities, by weight% on the liner When the hardness of the jaw 18 is 50 HS (hardness difference 20 HS) using (the hardness is 30 HS), it has been confirmed that small wear has occurred on the liner 171 at the time of 3,000 pipe expansions. When the liner 171 was examined at 000 times, it was confirmed that no burn-in occurred and no replacement was necessary. (No. 5 in Table 2).

  Also, on the liner, by mass%, Cu: 82.3%, Al: 10.4%, Fe: 3.4%, Mn: 1.9%, Ni: 1.82%, balance: aluminum made of impurities When bronze (hardness of 30 HS) was used and the jaw 18 had a hardness of 80 HS (hardness difference of 50 HS), the liner 171 had a large amount of wear when the number of tube expansions was 3,000, but even when the number of tube expansions was 10,000. There was no burn-in. The replacement frequency of the liner 171 was about 10,000 tube expansions (No. 6 in Table 2).

  As described above, by using aluminum bronze as the liner 171 and setting the hardness difference from the jaw 18 to 20 to 50 HS, seizure can be reduced, and the amount of wear can be appropriately set to change the liner replacement frequency. It was found that can be optimized.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Steel pipe 11 Cylinder 12 Horn 13 Tube expansion head 14 Tube expansion machine main body 15 Axial infeed 16 Cross feed 17 Cone 170 Cone main body 1700 Segment 1701 Groove 171 Liner 172 Bolt 18 Jaw 19 Die 20 Lubricating oil supply pipe 21 Draw bar 22 Surface expansion head member 100 Pipe expansion machine

Claims (6)

A cone that is fitted into the tip of a draw bar connected to the cylinder, and whose outer circumference gradually changes in size in the axial direction;
A tube expansion head outer surface member disposed on the outer periphery of the cone,
A pipe expansion machine that expands a steel pipe installed on the outer periphery of the pipe expansion head outer surface member by expanding the pipe expansion head outer surface member in the radial direction by pulling the cone in the axial direction by the cylinder,
The said cone has a liner which can be attached or detached in the contact surface with the said pipe expansion head outer surface member, The pipe expansion machine characterized by the above-mentioned.   2. The tube expansion machine according to claim 1, wherein a difference in hardness exists between the liner and the tube expansion head outer surface member at a contact surface between the liner and the tube expansion head outer surface member.   The pipe expander according to claim 2, wherein the hardness difference is 20 to 50 HS.   4. The tube expansion machine according to claim 2, wherein a hardness of a soft member is 30 HS or more on a contact surface between the liner and the tube expansion head outer surface member.   The tube expansion machine according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the member on the soft side is the liner. 6. The pipe expander according to claim 1, wherein the liner is made of a copper alloy.

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