JPWO2015190158A1 - Spool valve and lubrication switching device - Google Patents

Abstract

In general, in a spool valve having a drain opening only on one side in the circumferential direction of a hollow portion that slidably supports a spool, a large side force is generated in the land due to hydraulic pressure leaked between the land and the hollow portion. In a state where the land (2a) closes the drain opening (7a), annular concave grooves (15a, 15b) are formed on the peripheral surface of the land (2a) so as to cross the drain opening (7a). As a result, the hydraulic pressure leaked between the land (2a) and the hollow portion (3a) is released from the drain opening (7a) through the concave grooves (15a, 15b) to avoid the occurrence of side force.

Description

  The present invention relates to a spool valve and a lubrication switching device using the spool valve, and more specifically, a spool having an output port such as a drain port that opens only on one side (one side) in a circumferential direction of a hollow portion that slidably supports the spool. Regarding valves.

  In general, a spool valve is designed so that an annular port is formed around the entire circumference in a hollow part that accommodates the spool so as to be movable in the axial direction, and a lateral force (side force) does not act on the spool. Yes.

  The relay valve for lubrication that adjusts the flow rate of the lubricating oil supplied to the lubrication target such as gears and bearings is composed of a spool valve, and a control oil chamber to which control hydraulic pressure (throttle pressure) is supplied from the linear solenoid valve for throttle, It has an input port to which an input pressure for lubrication such as secondary pressure is supplied, an output port for supplying a predetermined amount of lubricating oil to the lubrication target part via an oil cooler, and a drain port.

  The applicant arranges a drain port that opens only on one side in the circumferential direction of the hollow portion, and the opening width of the drain port gradually narrows with respect to the spool moving direction in which the output ports are frequently distributed. A lubricating relay valve (spool valve) formed in a shape has been devised (see Patent Document 1).

  As a result, when foreign matter is caught between the drain port opening and the spool's land edge portion as the spool moves in the direction in which the amount of lubricating oil output from the output port increases, the foreign matter moves along with the movement of the spool. The spool sticks when it has moved to the narrowest part of the drain port opening. In this state, the opening area of the drain port is very small. Therefore, even if the spool sticks, the communication area between the input port and the output port is ensured, and the amount of lubricating oil from the output port is guaranteed.

  Note that, in FIG. 7 and the like of Patent Document 1, a land has two annular grooves. For example, as shown in Patent Document 2, oil accumulated in an annular groove (see reference 22 of Patent Document 2) due to movement of the spool is supplied to the sliding surface between the land and the hollow portion to generate an oil film, This is for reducing sliding resistance. Therefore, like the annular groove of Patent Document 2, the annular groove shown in Patent Document 1 is arranged so as not to overlap the opening of the drain port regardless of the movement state of the spool.

International Publication WO2013 / 099747A1 JP 2009-115289 A

  When the drain port is opened only on one side in the circumferential direction of the hollow portion as in Patent Document 1, the land of the spool closes the drain port and the land and the hollow portion are connected from the input port. The hydraulic pressure leaked in between acts on lands other than the drain port opening, and the leaked hydraulic pressure is discharged from the drain port opening and does not act on the land at the drain port opening. As a result, a large offset side force acts on the lands of the spool, and galling or the like acts between the lands and the sliding surface of the hollow portion, thereby hindering the smooth movement of the spool.

  Therefore, the present invention provides a spool valve and a lubrication switching device using the same that reduce the side force even if the hollow portion has an opening only on one side in the circumferential direction, and solve the above-mentioned problems. It is intended to do.

  The present invention comprises a hollow portion in which an input port, a first output port, and a second output port (for example, a drain port) are formed, and a spool having a land that can slide in the hollow portion, The second output port has an opening on one side in the circumferential direction of the hollow portion, and a peripheral surface other than the opening is a wall surface that is in sliding contact with the land, and the land closes the opening. A spool valve is characterized in that an annular groove is formed on the peripheral surface so as to cross the opening.

  The input pressure input from the input port is distributed to the first output port and the second output port (drain port), and the hydraulic pressure with an appropriate pressure is output from the first output port, and from the end face side of the land, The hydraulic pressure leaking into the gap between the land and the hollow portion is discharged from the opening through the annular concave groove even on the wall surface, and substantially equal pressure acts on the land of the spool over the entire circumference. In addition, the side force acting on the land can be reduced. As a result, even if the spool valve has an opening such as a drain port on one side (one side) of the hollow portion, it prevents the land from generating a large side force and keeps the spool moving smoothly over a long period of time. can do.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a spool valve according to the present embodiment, where (a) shows a state in which an input port and a drain port communicate with each other, and (b) shows a state in which an input port and an output port communicate with each other. (A) is sectional drawing in the AA surface of (b), (b) is a top view which shows opening of a drain port. It is a figure which shows the pressure which acts on a spool, (a) shows this Embodiment, (b) shows a conventional one. The figure which shows the change of the side force of the spool by this Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the lubrication switching apparatus using the said spool valve, (a) (b) (c) shows a different state, respectively.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, the spool valve 1 includes a spool 2 having a plurality of lands 2a and 2b, and a housing 3 having a hollow portion 3a in which the spool is axially movable. The housing 3 includes an input port 5 communicating with the hollow portion 3a, an output port (first output port) 6, a drain port (second output port) 7, a control oil chamber 9, and a spring chamber 10. And are formed.

  The spool valve 1 is preferably applied to a lubrication relay valve that is disposed in a valve body of an automatic transmission and controls the flow rate of lubricating oil. Accordingly, the input port 5 is supplied with an input pressure P1 such as a secondary pressure. The output pressure P2 from the output port 6 is supplied to each lubrication target of the automatic transmission, and the oil from the drain port 7 is discharged (EX) to the oil pan. The control oil chamber 9 is formed between a plug (blocking portion) 11 that closes one end of the hollow portion 3a and one end of the spool 2, and is controlled based on the amount of depression of the accelerator pedal that is a driver's torque request. A control hydraulic pressure P3 such as a throttle pressure is supplied from the linear solenoid valve. A spring 12 is contracted between the spring chamber 10 and the other end of the spool 2, and the spring 12 acts against the spool 2 against the control oil pressure P 3 of the control oil chamber 9. The spring chamber 10 communicates with a drain (EX) like a drain port.

  The input port 5, the output port 6 and the spring chamber 10 communicate with a concave groove over the entire circumference of the hollow portion 3a. The control oil chamber 9 is formed with a projecting portion 2c projecting in the axial direction at the center of one end surface of the spool 2, and when the projecting portion abuts against the plug 11, the communicating portion over the entire circumference of the hollow portion 3a. Is formed. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 2 (a), the drain port 7 has a drain opening 7a formed only on one side in the circumferential direction of the hollow portion 3a, and a peripheral surface other than the opening has a wall surface that is in sliding contact with the land 2a. It has become. As shown in FIG. 2 (b), the drain opening 7 a has a roughly rice ball shape, and more specifically, the side far from the input port 5 becomes a uniform width portion C that is wide in the circumferential direction, and gradually widens toward the input port 5. It consists of a tapered portion D that becomes narrower. The drain opening 7a is opened at a predetermined opening α with respect to the central axis of the spool 2 in the equal width portion C which is the maximum width, and the predetermined opening α is in a range of 180 ° <α <50 °. And preferably within a range of 120 ° <α <60 °.

  The land 2a on the control oil chamber 9 side in the spool 2 is formed with two annular concave grooves 15a and 15b over the entire outer peripheral surface thereof. The concave grooves 15a and 15b are formed on the land 2a. Is arranged so as to cross the drain opening 7a in a state where the drain port 7 is closed, that is, at a position overlapping the drain opening 7a in the axial direction as viewed from the radial direction. The annular grooves 15a and 15b are not limited to two, but may be one, or may be three or more. In the land 2b on the spring chamber 10 side in the spool 2, a stepped taper portion 17 is formed at the edge portion on the small diameter portion 2d side constituting the communicating portion.

  Since the spool valve 1 suitable for application to the lubrication relay valve is configured as described above, when the control oil pressure P3 such as the throttle pressure is low, as shown in FIG. It is moved rightward in the drawing by the urging force of the spring 12, and the entire opening 7a of the drain port 7 is disconnected from the land 2a and is in a communicating state. In this state, the input port 5 and the drain port 7 are fully connected, and the input pressure P1 such as the secondary pressure is discharged (EX) through the drain port 7. The input pressure P <b> 1 may be slightly communicated with the output port 6 by the taper portion 17 formed at the edge of the land 2 b of the spool 2, and a small flow rate output pressure may be output from the output port 6.

  When the control oil pressure P3 such as the throttle pressure is high, as shown in FIG. 1B, the spool 2 is moved to the right in the drawing by overcoming the urging force of the spring 12, and the drain port 7 is opened. 7a is all blocked by the land 2a. In this state, the input port 5 and the drain port 7 are not in communication, the input port 5 and the output port 6 are in communication, and the input pressure P1 such as the secondary pressure is changed from the output port 6 as the output pressure P2 such as lubricating oil pressure. Output.

  Between the state of FIG. 1A in which the input port 5 and the drain port 7 communicate with each other and the state of FIG. 1B in which the input port 5 and the output port 6 communicate with each other, the small diameter portion 2d of the spool 2 is provided. The communication portion consisting of the above is in a transition state in which the drain port 7 and the output port 6 communicate with the input port 5 at a predetermined communication ratio. In this state, the flow rate at which the input pressure (secondary pressure) P1 of the input port 5 is supplied as the output pressure (lubricating oil pressure) P2 from the output port 6 is controlled in accordance with the communication ratio. Thereby, the output flow rate such as the lubricating oil amount in FIG. 1A is substantially zero, and the input pressure such as the secondary pressure in FIG. The transition can be made smoothly.

  When the control hydraulic pressure P3 is gradually increased so that the output flow rate in FIG. 1 (b) becomes the maximum from the state in which the output flow rate in FIG. ), The opening area through which the land 2a of the spool 2 moves from the wide uniform width portion C to the taper portion D gradually becomes narrower, thereby gradually limiting the drain amount. As a result, the flow rate from the output port 6 increases smoothly. When foreign matter such as iron powder is mixed with oil to produce a valve stick, the foreign matter is caught on the edge E on the small diameter portion 2d side of the land 2a when the land 2a of the spool gradually closes the drain opening 7a. This often occurs. The foreign matter caught on the edge E of the land 2a is gradually moved from the wide part to the narrow part of the drain opening 7a by the movement of the land 2a, and finally caught on the apex of the taper part D of the drain opening 7a. It becomes a valve stick. In this state, the opening portion of the drain opening 7a is only a narrow space at the tip portion of the tapered portion D. Even if the valve stick is generated, the drain flow rate is small, and the input flow rate from the input port 5 is almost the same. It is output from the output port 6, and an output flow rate of lubricating oil or the like is sufficiently secured and supplied to the object to be lubricated.

  FIG. 3 is a view showing a pressure distribution acting on the spool in a state where the drain port 7 is fully closed (see FIG. 1B). FIG. 3B is a view showing a spool valve 1 ′ composed of the spool 2 ′ without the annular concave groove 15 described above. The input port 5 is provided on the end surface F of the land 2a on the small diameter portion 2d side of the spool 2 ′. The output pressure (lubricating oil pressure) P2 based on the input pressure (secondary pressure) P1 from the engine is high due to action, and the control oil pressure (throttle pressure) P3 of the control oil chamber 9 also acts on the land end face G on the control oil chamber 9 side. And expensive. The output pressure P2 and the control hydraulic pressure P3 are increased by acting on the outer peripheral surface of the land through the gap between the land 2a and the hollow portion 3a of the spool. One side (H1) communicates with the drain opening 7a to release the pressure, and the high pressure acts on the other peripheral surface H2 away from the drain opening 7a. As a result, a large pressure difference is generated between the circumferential surface one side H1 and the circumferential surface other side H2 in the land 2a of the spool, and the spool 2 is pushed against the circumferential surface 1 side H1 of the hollow portion 3a in the land 2a. A large side force is applied.

  FIG. 3A is a diagram showing the spool valve 1 according to the present embodiment in which two annular concave grooves 15a and 15b are formed in the land 2a of the spool 2, and both end faces F and G of the land 2a Similarly, a high pressure based on the output pressure P2 and the control oil pressure P3 acts. The output pressure (lubricating oil pressure) P2 and the control oil pressure (throttle pressure) P3 enter the gap between the peripheral surface of the land 2a and the hollow portion 3a, but the land 2a has an annular concave groove communicating with the drain opening 7a. Since 15a and 15b are formed, the pressure leaked into the gap is discharged (released) from the drain opening 7a to the drain port 7 through the concave grooves 15a and 15b. As a result, the land 2a is subjected to a substantially uniform low pressure over the entire circumference, and the circumferential surface one side (one side) H1 on the drain opening 7a side and the circumferential surface other side H2 serving as the hollow wall surface are also approximately. However, the side force based on the pressure difference is greatly reduced.

  As shown in FIG. 3 (b), because of the pressure difference between the circumferential surface one side H1 and the circumferential surface other side H2, in the spool valve 1 ′ without the annular groove 15, both end surfaces of the land The pressure acting on F and G is also biased so as to be higher on the peripheral surface other side H2 with less pressure release, but as shown in FIG. 3A, the peripheral surface one side H1 and the other side H2 In the spool valve 1 according to this embodiment having no large pressure difference, substantially equal pressure is applied to the land end faces F and G over the entire surface. Note that the end face F on the small diameter portion 2d side of the land 2a becomes an output pressure (lubricating oil pressure) P2 and is discharged from the output port 6, and is therefore lower than the end face G based on the control oil pressure P3 acting on the control oil chamber 9. ing.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the spool valve 1 (after the change) having the annular grooves 15 a and 15 b with respect to the spool valve 1 ′ (before the change) having no annular groove is changed from the spool 2 ( It was confirmed that the side force acting on the land 2a) is greatly reduced (for example, 91%). Thereby, the spool valve 1 according to the present embodiment can maintain a smooth movement over a long period of time because the spool 2 is reduced in the force of the hollow portion 3a.

  Next, an embodiment in which the spool valve 1 is used in the lubrication switching device Lu will be described with reference to FIG. The spool valve is arranged as a lubrication relay valve 1 in a valve body of an automatic transmission (refer to Patent Document 1 for details). Secondary pressure (or secondary exhaust pressure in the case of lock-up clutch engagement) from the secondary regulator valve is supplied to the lubricating input oil passage L1 via the lock-up relay valve and the relief valve. Between the input oil passage L1 for lubrication and the output oil passage L2 for lubrication led to each lubrication target 21 of the automatic transmission through the oil cooler 20, the lubrication for the lubrication composed of the orifices 23 and 23 and the spool valve is provided. The relay valve 1 is arranged in parallel. In addition, although there are two bypass oil passages L3a and L3b in which the orifice 23 is interposed in this embodiment, this may be one or three or more.

  The lubricating input oil passage L1 communicates with the input port 5 of the lubricating relay valve 1, and the output port 6 communicates with the lubricating output oil passage L2. A control oil pressure (throttle pressure SLT) P3 from the throttle linear solenoid valve is supplied to the control oil chamber 9 of the lubrication relay valve 1.

  Therefore, in the normal lubrication state where the driver steps on the accelerator pedal and a predetermined load is applied to the automatic transmission, the drain port 7 is closed and the input port 5 and the output are output as shown in FIG. Lubricating oil comprising the secondary pressure (or secondary exhaust pressure) of the lubricating input oil passage L <b> 1 in communication with the port 6 is supplied to the lubricating output oil passage L <b> 2 and is supplied to each lubrication target 21 via the oil cooler 20. Led. In this state, approximately 100% of the lubricating oil flow rate in the lubricating input oil passage L1 is supplied to the lubricating output oil passage L2 via the lubricating relay valve 1 and the orifice 23, and is supplied to each lubricating object 21. Led. Therefore, in the normal lubrication, sufficient lubricating oil based on the secondary pressure is supplied to each lubrication target 21.

  When the driver releases or reduces the depression pressure of the accelerator pedal and the load on the automatic transmission is small, the lubrication switching device Lu is in a small lubrication state as shown in FIG. In this state, the lubrication relay valve 1 has a low control hydraulic pressure (throttle pressure) P3 supplied to the control oil chamber 9, the input port 5 communicates with the drain port 7, and the communication with the output port 6 is blocked. Or slightly. Therefore, the lubricating oil (secondary pressure) in the lubricating input oil passage L1 is supplied exclusively to the lubricating output oil passage L2 via the bypass oil passages L3a and L3b having the orifices 23 and supplied via the lubricating relay valve 1. Is approximately zero. In this state, the flow rate of the lubricating oil supplied to the lubrication target 21 via the oil cooler 20 is approximately 33% of the lubricating input oil passage L1, and the amount of lubricating oil required by the low-load automatic transmission is reached. Corresponding small flow rate.

  The transition state shown in FIG. 5B is between the normal lubrication (FIG. 5A) and the small lubrication state (FIG. 5C). In this state, the control hydraulic pressure (throttle pressure) P3 from the throttle linear solenoid valve becomes an intermediate pressure that is linearly changed, and the lubrication relay valve 1 is connected to the output port 6 and the drain port 7 with respect to the input port 5 thereof. The communication ratio changes, and the flow rate supplied from the output port 6 to the lubricating output oil passage L2 changes smoothly. For example, the flow rate discharged from the drain port 7 of the lubrication relay valve 1 changes from 67% to 0% of the supply oil amount of the input oil passage L1, and the lubricant oil amount supplied to the lubrication target 21 is the supply oil. The amount varies from 33% to 100%. As a result, the normal lubrication and the small lubrication are switched by a smoothly changing transition state.

  According to the lubrication switching device Lu, the lubricating oil supplied to the lubrication target is a small flow rate corresponding to the load when the load is small, and the secondary pressure (or secondary exhaust pressure) is large when the load is large. A sufficient amount of normal lubrication based on the above, and between them is smoothly changed and switched by the control oil pressure such as throttle pressure, so that the amount of lubricating oil required by the automatic transmission is ensured, and excess lubricating oil is lubricated The fuel consumption can be reduced by reducing the amount of energy supplied to the vehicle and avoiding unnecessary energy consumption.

  In the above-described embodiment, the spool valve is applied to the lubrication relay valve. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and can be similarly applied to a spool valve for other uses having a drain opening on one side (one side) of the hollow portion. Further, the valve is not limited to the drain opening, and any one of the output ports in the valve for distributing the input port to the first output port and the second output port may be a valve that opens to one side of the hollow portion. Further, the spool valve is not limited to the pressure regulation type controlled by the control hydraulic pressure, but is similarly applied to a switching valve that switches the input port to the output port and the drain port (or the first output port and the second output port). Applicable.

  The contents disclosed above are summarized as follows. In addition, although the drawing reference numerals of the components are shown in parentheses, this does not affect the configurations described in the claims.

1. A hollow portion (3a) formed with an input port (5), a first output port (6) and a second output port (7);
In a spool valve (1) comprising a spool (2) having a land (2a) slidable in the hollow portion,
The second output port (7) has an opening (7a) on one side in the circumferential direction of the hollow portion (3a), and a peripheral surface other than the opening is made of a wall surface that is in sliding contact with the land,
In the state where the land (2a) closes the opening (7a), an annular groove (15a) (15b) is formed on the peripheral surface of the land (2a) so as to cross the opening (7a). .

  As a result, since the hydraulic pressure leaked between the land and the hollow portion is discharged from the opening through the concave groove, the spool can be smoothly moved over a long period of time without generating a large side force on the land. Can be maintained.

  2. The second output port is a drain port (7).

  Thereby, the hydraulic pressure leaked between the land and the hollow portion is released from the drain opening through the concave groove, and it is possible to avoid the occurrence of side force on the land.

3. A control oil chamber (9) to which a control oil pressure (P3) is supplied is provided between one end of the spool (2) and the closed portion (11) where the hollow portion (3a) is closed,
The control oil pressure (P3) acts on the spool against the biasing force (12) acting from the other end direction of the spool (2), and the first output port (6) with respect to the input port (5) ) And the second output port (7).

  As a result, the spool valve can be regulated by the control hydraulic pressure and output from the output port. At this time, the side force acting on the land is reduced, the spool is smoothly moved, and the high responsiveness is accurately and accurately. Reliable pressure regulation can be performed.

4). A bypass oil passage (L3a, L3b) having an orifice (23) and a lubrication relay valve (1) are interposed in parallel between the lubrication input oil passage (L1) and the lubrication output oil passage (L2). In the lubrication switching device (Lu),
The lubrication relay valve (1) is the spool valve;
The input port (5) of the spool valve (1) communicates with the lubrication input oil passage (L1), and the first output port (6) communicates with the lubrication output oil passage (L2). Become.

  Thereby, the input pressure for lubrication input from the input port is distributed to the output port (first output port) and the drain port (second output port), and the lubricating oil is appropriately supplied to the target lubricating part. By adjusting the flow rate of the lubricating oil supplied to the lubrication target, the required amount of lubricating oil can be secured to ensure reliable lubrication, and when the load is small, the amount of lubricating oil is limited to a small amount and excessive lubrication is achieved. Oil supply can be avoided, and energy saving and fuel efficiency can be reduced.

  The present invention is applied to an automatic transmission mounted on an automobile and can be used industrially.

1 Spool valve (lubrication relay valve)
2 Spool 2a Land 3 Housing 3a Hollow part 5 Input port 6 First output port (output port)
7 Second output port (drain port)
7a (drain) opening 9 control oil chamber 12 springs 15a, 15b concave groove 21 lubrication target 23 orifice L1 lubrication input oil path L2 lubrication output oil path L3a, L3b bypass oil path Lu lubrication switching device

Claims (4)

A hollow portion formed with an input port, a first output port, and a second output port;
A spool having a land slidable in the hollow portion,
The second output port has an opening on one side in the circumferential direction of the hollow portion, and a peripheral surface other than the opening is a wall surface that is in sliding contact with the land,
In the state where the land closes the opening, an annular groove is formed on the peripheral surface of the land so as to cross the opening.
A spool valve characterized by that. The second output port is a drain port;
The spool valve according to claim 1. A control oil chamber to which a control oil pressure is supplied is provided between one end of the spool and the closed portion where the hollow portion is closed,
The control hydraulic pressure is applied to the spool against the urging force acting from the other end direction of the spool to adjust the communication ratio between the first output port and the second output port with respect to the input port. Become
The spool valve according to claim 1 or 2. In a lubrication switching device in which a bypass oil passage having an orifice and a relay valve for lubrication are interposed in parallel between an input oil passage for lubrication and an output oil passage for lubrication,
The said relay valve for lubrication is the spool valve of any one of the said Claim 1 thru | or 3,
The input port of the spool valve is communicated with the lubrication input oil passage, and the first output port is communicated with the lubrication output oil passage.
A lubrication switching device characterized by that.

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